Index Of Philosophy Articles (R–Z)
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R. B. Braithwaite Richard Bevan Braithwaite (15 January 1900 – 21 April 1990) was an English philosopher who specialized in the philosophy of science, ethics, and the philosophy of religion. Life Braithwaite was born in Banbury, Oxfordshire, son of th ...
* R. De Staningtona *
R. Edward Freeman Robert Edward Freeman (born December 18, 1951) is an American philosopher A philosopher is a person who practices or investigates philosophy. The term ''philosopher'' comes from the grc, φιλόσοφος, , translit=philosophos, meaning ' ...
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R. G. Collingwood Robin George Collingwood (; 22 February 1889 – 9 January 1943) was an English philosopher, historian and archaeologist. He is best known for his philosophical works, including ''The Principles of Art'' (1938) and the posthumously published ...
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R. James Long Raymond James Long (born December 15, 1938) is an American academic and professor emeritus of philosophy at Fairfield University in Fairfield, Connecticut. He is also a faculty member at St. John Fisher Seminary in Stamford, Connecticut. Long w ...
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R. Jay Wallace R. Jay Wallace (born 1957) is a Professor of Philosophy and Judy Chandler Webb Distinguished Chair for Innovative Teaching and Research at the University of California, Berkeley. His areas of specialization include moral philosophy and philosophy ...
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R. M. Hare Richard Mervyn Hare (21 March 1919 – 29 January 2002), usually cited as R. M. Hare, was a British moral philosopher who held the post of White's Professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Oxford from 1966 until 1983. He subseque ...
* R. R. Rockingham Gill * Rabbinic law *
Rabia al-Adawiyya Rābiʿa al-ʿAdawiyya al-Qaysiyya ( ar, رابعة العدوية القيسية) (714/717/718 — 801 CE) was an Arab Muslim saint and Sufi mystic and carried her life out as an influential religious figure. She is known in some parts of th ...
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Rabindranath Tagore Rabindranath Tagore (; bn, রবীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর; 7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941) was a Bengali polymath who worked as a poet, writer, playwright, composer, philosopher, social reformer and painter. He resh ...
* Rabirius (Epicurean) *
Race (classification of human beings) A race is a categorization of human Humans (''Homo sapiens'') are the most abundant and widespread species of primate, characterized by bipedalism and exceptional cognitive skills due to a large and complex brain. This has enabled ...
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Race to the bottom Race to the bottom is a socio-economic phrase to describe either government deregulation of the business environment or reduction in corporate tax rates, in order to attract or retain usually foreign economic activity in their jurisdictions. While ...
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Rachel Elior Rachel Elior (born 28 December 1949) is an Israeli professor of Jewish philosophy at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Jerusalem, Israel. Her principal subjects of research has been Hasidism and the history of early Jewish mysticism. Academ ...
* Rachida Triki *
Racialism (Racial categorization) Scientific racism, sometimes termed biological racism, is the pseudoscientific belief that empirical evidence exists to support or justify racism (racial discrimination), racial inferiority, or racial superiority.. "Few tragedies can be more e ...
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Racism Racism is the belief that groups of humans possess different behavioral traits corresponding to inherited attributes and can be divided based on the superiority of one race over another. It may also mean prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism ...
* Rada Iveković *
Radical Aristotelianism Averroism refers to a school of medieval philosophy based on the application of the works of 12th-century Andalusian philosopher Averroes, (known in his time in Arabic as ابن رشد, ibn Rushd, 1126–1198) a commentator on Aristotle, in 13t ...
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Radical behaviorism Radical behaviorism is a "philosophy of the science of behavior" developed by B. F. Skinner. It refers to the philosophy behind behavior analysis, and is to be distinguished from methodological behaviorism—which has an intense emphasis on ...
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Radical behaviourism Radical behaviorism is a "philosophy of the science of behavior" developed by B. F. Skinner. It refers to the philosophy behind behavior analysis, and is to be distinguished from methodological behaviorism—which has an intense emphasis on ...
* Radical democracy *
Radical empiricism Radical empiricism is a philosophical doctrine put forth by William James. It asserts that experience includes both particulars and relations between those particulars, and that therefore both deserve a place in our explanations. In concrete terms: ...
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Radical Evolution ''Radical Evolution: The Promise and Peril of Enhancing Our Minds, Our Bodies—and What It Means to Be Human'' () is a book published in 2005 by Joel Garreau. Summary The book is about the march toward a potentially posthuman future in which emer ...
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Radical feminism Radical feminism is a perspective within feminism that calls for a Political radicalism, radical re-ordering of society in which male supremacy is eliminated in all social and economic contexts, while recognizing that women's experiences are al ...
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Radical interpretation Radical interpretation is interpretation of a speaker, including attributing beliefs and desires to them and meanings to their words, from scratch—that is, without relying on translators, dictionaries, or specific prior knowledge of their mental s ...
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Radical Philosophy ''Radical Philosophy'' is a triannual peer-reviewed academic journal of critical theory and philosophy. It was established in 1972 with the purpose of providing a forum for the theoretical work which was emerging in the wake of the radical movement ...
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Radical Philosophy Review The ''Radical Philosophy Review'' is a peer-reviewed academic journal sponsored by the Radical Philosophy Association. It was established in 1998 and all issues are available online. The journal is published by the Philosophy Documentation Center. ...
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Radical skepticism Radical skepticism (or radical scepticism in British English) is the philosophical position that knowledge is most likely impossible. Radical skeptics hold that doubt exists as to the veracity of every belief and that certainty is therefore ne ...
* Radical translation * Radical Unintelligibility * Radio libertaire *
Rado Riha Rado Riha (born 8 October 1948) is a Slovene philosopher. He is a senior research fellow and currently the head of thInstitute of Philosophy Centre for Scientific Research at the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, and coordinator of the p ...
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Radovan Richta Radovan Richta (June 6, 1924 – July 21, 1983) was a Czech philosopher who coined the term technological evolution; a theory about how societies diminish physical labour by increasing mental labour. Richta was born in Prague. Richta's first work ...
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Radulfus Ardens Radulfus Ardens (Raoul Ardens) (died c. 1200) was a French theologian and early scholastic philosopher of the 12th century. He was born in Beaulieu, Poitou. He is known for his ''Summa de vitiis et virtutibus'' or ''Speculum universale'' (universa ...
* Radulphus Brito *
Raegan Butcher CrimethInc., also known as CWC, which stands for either "CrimethInc. Ex-Workers Collective" or "CrimethInc Ex-Workers Ex-Collective", is a Decentralization, decentralized anarchist collective of autonomous Clandestine cell system, cells. * * * Cr ...
* Rafael Calvo Serer *
Rafe Champion Kilmeny Niland (1950 – 27 February 2009) was a New Zealand–born Australian artist and illustrator. While best known for her children's book illustrations, she worked in a wide range of genres, including animation, wildlife art, miniatures, ...
* Raghavan N. Iyer * Raghunatha Siromani * Rahbani brothers *
Raili Kauppi Raili Kauppi (1920–1995), professor of philosophy at the University of Tampere. She was an internationally recognized scholar of Leibniz and intensional logic Intensional logic is an approach to predicate logic that extends first-order logic, wh ...
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Raimo Tuomela Raimo Heikki Tuomela (9 October 1940 in Helsinki, Finland – 22 November 2020 in Helsinki) was a Finnish philosopher. Career Tuomela received his first degree of doctor of philosophy in 1968 from the University of Helsinki and the second one in ...
* Raimond Gaita * Raimundo Teixeira Mendes *
Rainer Forst Rainer Forst (born 15 August 1964, Wiesbaden) is a German philosopher and political theorist, and was called the "most important political philosopher of his generation" in 2012, when he won the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize. Currently he is P ...
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Rainer Maria Rilke René Karl Wilhelm Johann Josef Maria Rilke (4 December 1875 – 29 December 1926), shortened to Rainer Maria Rilke (), was an Austrian poet and novelist. He has been acclaimed as an idiosyncratic and expressive poet, and is widely recogni ...
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Raïssa Maritain Raïssa Maritain (née Oumansoff) (12 September 1883 in Rostov-on-Don – 4 November 1960 in Paris) was a Russian poet and philosopher. She immigrated to France and studied at the Sorbonne, where she met the young Jacques Maritain, also a ph ...
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Raja Yoga ''Raja'' (; from , IAST ') is a royal title used for South Asian monarchs. The title is equivalent to king or princely ruler in South Asia and Southeast Asia. The title has a long history in history of South Asia, South Asia and History of ...
* Rajas *
Ralph Barton Perry Ralph Barton Perry (July 3, 1876 in Poultney, Vermont – January 22, 1957 in Boston, Massachusetts) was an American philosopher. He was a strident moral idealist who stated in 1909 that, to him, idealism meant "to interpret life consistently ...
* Ralph Cudworth *
Ralph Johnson (philosopher) Ralph Henry Johnson (born 1940) is a Canadian American philosopher, born in Detroit, Michigan. Johnson has been credited as one of the founding members of the informal logic movement in North America, along with J. Anthony Blair who co-published o ...
* Ralph of Longchamp *
Ralph Strode Ralph Strode (fl. 1350 – 1400), English schoolman, was probably a native of the West Midlands. He was a fellow of Merton College, Oxford, before 1360, and famous as a teacher of logic and philosophy and a writer on educational subjects. He belon ...
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Ralph Tyler Flewelling Ralph Tyler Flewelling (1871–1960) was an American philosopher. Biography Early life He was born on November 23, 1871, near De Witt, Michigan, and educated at the University of Michigan, Alma College (Mich.). the Garrett Biblical Institute ...
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Ralph Waldo Emerson Ralph Waldo Emerson (May 25, 1803April 27, 1882), who went by his middle name Waldo, was an American essayist, lecturer, philosopher, abolitionist, and poet who led the transcendentalist movement of the mid-19th century. He was seen as a champ ...
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Ralstonism Ralstonism was a social movement in the United States in the 19th century. It claimed about 800,000 followers. Ralstonism was the brainchild of Webster Edgerly (1852–1926). In Edgerly's words, "Ralstonism is the grandest movement that man is ca ...
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Ramanuja Ramanuja (Middle Tamil: Rāmāṉujam; Classical Sanskrit: Rāmanuja; 1017 CE – 1137 CE; ; ), also known as Ramanujacharya, was an Indian Hindu philosopher, guru and a social reformer. He is noted to be one of the most important exponents o ...
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Ramchandra Gandhi Ramchandra Gandhi (9 June 1937 – 13 June 2007) was an Indian philosopher. He was the son of Devdas Gandhi (Mahatma Gandhi's youngest son) and Lakshmi (daughter of Rajaji) and also brother of Rajmohan Gandhi, Gopalkrishna Gandhi and Tara Gan ...
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Rameau's Nephew ''Rameau's Nephew, or the Second Satire'' (or The Nephew of Rameau, french: Le Neveu de Rameau ou La Satire seconde) is an imaginary philosophical conversation by Denis Diderot, probably written between 1761 and 1774. It was first published in ...
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Ramification problem In philosophy and artificial intelligence (especially, knowledge based systems), the ramification problem is concerned with the indirect consequences of an action. It might also be posed as ''how to represent what happens implicitly due to an actio ...
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Ramified type theory The ''Principia Mathematica'' (often abbreviated ''PM'') is a three-volume work on the foundations of mathematics written by mathematician–philosophers Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell and published in 1910, 1912, and 1913. ...
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Ramin Jahanbegloo Ramin Jahanbegloo ( fa, رامین جهانبگلو, born 28 December 1956 in Tehran) is an Iranian philosopher and academic based in Toronto, Canada. Biography Ramin Jahanbegloo was born in Tehran, Iran. He has a doctorate in philosophy from Sorb ...
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Ramism Ramism was a collection of theories on rhetoric, logic, and pedagogy based on the teachings of Petrus Ramus, a French academic, philosopher, and Huguenot convert, who was murdered during the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre in August 1572. Accor ...
* Ramist movement * Ramón José Sender Garcés *
Ramon Llull Ramon Llull (; c. 1232 – c. 1315/16) was a philosopher, theologian, poet, missionary, and Christian apologist from the Kingdom of Majorca. He invented a philosophical system known as the ''Art'', conceived as a type of universal logic to pro ...
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Ramon Vila Capdevila Ramon Vila Capdevila (; 2 April 1908 – 7 August 1963), sometimes known by various nicknames, including ''Caracremada'' (Catalan: "burnt-face"), was a Catalan anarchist, member of the ''Confederación Nacional del Trabajo'' (Spanish: National Con ...
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Ramón Xirau Ramón Xirau Subías (, ; 20 January 1924 – 26 July 2017) was a Spanish-born Mexican poet, philosopher and literary critic.
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Ramsey–Lewis method The Ramsey–Lewis method is a method for defining terms found in theory, theoretical frameworks (such as in scientific theory, scientific theories), credited to Frank P. Ramsey and David Lewis (philosopher), David Lewis. By using this method, a se ...
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Ramsey Kanaan Ramsey Kanaan is a Lebanese-Scottish publisher and distributor of anarchist literature, best known as the founder of AK Press,Ramsey Kanaan"What's Wrong with the American Anarchist Movement?"Jura Books, Sydney, 2005. named after his mother Ann ...
* Randal Marlin *
Randall Auxier Randall E. Auxier (born August 7, 1961) is a professor of philosophy and communication studies at Southern Illinois University Carbondale, a musician, environmental activist, union advocate, and candidate (2018) for the United States House of Re ...
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Randall Swingler Randall Carline Swingler MM (28 May 1909 – 19 June 1967) was an English poet, writing extensively in the 1930s in the communist interest. Early life and education His was a prosperous upper middle class Anglican family in Aldershot, with an ...
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Randian hero The Randian hero is a ubiquitous figure in the fiction of 20th-century novelist and philosopher Ayn Rand, most famously in the figures of ''The Fountainhead''s Howard Roark and '' Atlas Shrugged''s John Galt. Rand's self-declared purpose in writing ...
* Random act of kindness * Randomness * Range of a function *
Ranjana Khanna Ranjana Khanna is a literary critic and theorist recognized for her interdisciplinary, feminist and internationalist contributions to the fields of post-colonial studies, feminist theory, literature and political philosophy. She is best known ...
* Raoul Vaneigem *
Raphaël Enthoven Raphaël Enthoven (born 9 November 1975) is a French philosophy teacher, radio host and television host. An '' agrégé'' who taught at Jean Moulin University Lyon 3 and Paris Diderot University, Enthoven is known to the French public for hosti ...
* Raphael M. Robinson *
Raphael von Koeber Raphael von Koeber (russian: Рафаэль Густавович фон Кёбер, translit=Rafaèl' Gustavovič fon Këber; - 14 June 1923) was a notable Russian-German teacher of philosophy and musician at the Tokyo Imperial University in Jap ...
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Rasa (aesthetics) In Indian aesthetics, a rasa ( sa, रस) literally means "nectar, essence or taste".Monier Monier-Williams (1899)Rasa Sanskrit English Dictionary with Etymology, Motilal Banarsidass (Originally Published: Oxford) It connotes a concept in Indian ...
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Rate of exploitation In Marxian economics, the rate of exploitation is the ratio of the total amount of unpaid labor done (surplus-value) to the total amount of wages paid (the value of labour power). The rate of exploitation is often also called the rate of surplus ...
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Rate of profit In economics and finance, the profit rate is the relative profitability of an investment project, a capitalist enterprise or a whole capitalist economy. It is similar to the concept of rate of return on investment. Historical cost ''vs.'' market ...
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Ratio (journal) ''Ratio'' is a peer-reviewed academic journal of analytic philosophy, edited by David S. Oderberg (Reading University) and published by Wiley-Blackwell Wiley-Blackwell is an international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing ...
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Ratio scale In mathematics, the set of positive real numbers, \R_ = \left\, is the subset of those real numbers that are greater than zero. The non-negative real numbers, \R_ = \left\, also include zero. Although the symbols \R_ and \R^ are ambiguously used fo ...
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Ratiocination Reason is the capacity of consciously applying logic by drawing conclusions from new or existing information, with the aim of seeking the truth. It is closely associated with such characteristically human activities as philosophy, science, langu ...
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Rational agent A rational agent or rational being is a person or entity that always aims to perform optimal actions based on given premises and information. A rational agent can be anything that makes decisions, typically a person, firm, machine, or software. Th ...
* Rational animal *
Rational choice theory Rational choice theory refers to a set of guidelines that help understand economic and social behaviour. The theory originated in the eighteenth century and can be traced back to political economist and philosopher, Adam Smith. The theory postula ...
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Rational consequence relation In logic, a rational consequence relation is a non-monotonic consequence relation satisfying certain properties listed below. Properties A rational consequence relation \vdash satisfies: :; REF : Reflexivity \theta \vdash \theta and the so-call ...
* Rational egoism * Rational fideism *
Rational ignorance Rational ignorance is refraining from acquiring knowledge when the supposed cost of educating oneself on an issue exceeds the expected potential benefit that the knowledge would provide. Ignorance about an issue is said to be "rational" when the ...
* Rational love *
Rational mysticism Rational mysticism, which encompasses both rationalism and mysticism, is a term used by scholars, researchers, and other intellectuals, some of whom engage in studies of how altered states of consciousness or transcendence such as trance, vision ...
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Rational number In mathematics, a rational number is a number that can be expressed as the quotient or fraction of two integers, a numerator and a non-zero denominator . For example, is a rational number, as is every integer (e.g. ). The set of all ration ...
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Rational reconstruction Rational reconstruction is a philosophical term with several distinct meanings. It is found in the work of Jürgen Habermas and Imre Lakatos. Habermas For Habermas, rational reconstruction is a philosophical and linguistic method that systemat ...
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Rational Response Squad The Rational Response Squad, or RRS, is an atheist activist group that confronts what it considers to be irrational claims made by theists, particularly Christians. The most visible member of RRS is co-founder Brian Sapient. The Rational Response ...
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Rationalism In philosophy, rationalism is the epistemological view that "regards reason as the chief source and test of knowledge" or "any view appealing to reason as a source of knowledge or justification".Lacey, A.R. (1996), ''A Dictionary of Philosophy' ...
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Rationality Rationality is the quality of being guided by or based on reasons. In this regard, a person acts rationally if they have a good reason for what they do or a belief is rational if it is based on strong evidence. This quality can apply to an abil ...
* Rationalization *
Rationalization (psychology) Rationalization is a defense mechanism (ego defense) in which apparent logical reasons are given to justify behavior that is motivated by unconscious instinctual impulses. It is an attempt to find reasons for behaviors, especially one's own. Ration ...
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Ratnatraya Jainism emphasises that ratnatraya (triple gems of Jainism) — the right faith (''Samyak Darshana''), right knowledge (''Samyak Gyana'') and right conduct (''Samyak Charitra'') — constitutes the path to liberation. These are known as the tripl ...
* Ravachol *
Raven paradox The raven paradox, also known as Hempel's paradox, Hempel's ravens, or rarely the paradox of indoor ornithology, is a paradox arising from the question of what constitutes evidence for the truth of a statement. Observing objects that are neither ...
* Raw feels *
Ray Brassier Raymond Brassier (born 1965) is a British philosopher. He is member of the philosophy faculty at the American University of Beirut, Lebanon, known for his work in philosophical realism. He was formerly Research Fellow at the Centre for Research ...
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Ray Jackendoff Ray Jackendoff (born January 23, 1945) is an American linguist. He is professor of philosophy, Seth Merrin Chair in the Humanities and, with Daniel Dennett, co-director of the Center for Cognitive Studies at Tufts University. He has always str ...
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Ray Monk Ray Monk (born 15 February 1957) is a British biographer who is renowned for his biographies of Ludwig Wittgenstein, Bertrand Russell, and J. Robert Oppenheimer. He is emeritus professor of philosophy at the University of Southampton, where he ...
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Raymond Aron Raymond Claude Ferdinand Aron (; 14 March 1905 – 17 October 1983) was a French philosopher, sociologist, political scientist, historian and journalist, one of France's most prominent thinkers of the 20th century. Aron is best known for his 19 ...
* Raymond Duncan *
Raymond Geuss Raymond Geuss, FBA (; born 1946) is a political philosopher and scholar of 19th and 20th century European philosophy. He is currently Emeritus Professor in the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Cambridge. Geuss is primarily known for three r ...
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Raymond Klibansky Raymond Klibansky, (October 15, 1905 – August 5, 2005) was a German-Canadian historian of philosophy and art. Biography Born in Paris, to Rosa Scheidt and Hermann Klibansky, he was educated at the University of Kiel, University of Hamburg ...
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Raymond Polin Raymond Polin (July 7, 1910, Briançon, Hautes-Alpes – February 8, 2001) was a French philosopher. He taught at the Paris University (since 1961). He was the president of the University of Paris , image_name = Coat of arms of the Univers ...
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Raymond Ruyer Raymond Ruyer (13 January 1902 – 1987) was a French philosopher in the late 20th century. His work covered topics including the philosophy of biology, the philosophy of informatics, the philosophy of value and others. His most popular book is '' ...
* Raymond Smullyan * Raymond Tallis * Razor (philosophy) *
Re.press re.press is a Melbourne (Australia) based open access publisher of contemporary philosophy (and some theory and poetry). re.press is an independent publisher that seeks to promote Philosophy, philosophical ideas through making many of its works ava ...
* Reaction *
Reactionary In political science, a reactionary or a reactionist is a person who holds political views that favor a return to the ''status quo ante'', the previous political state of society, which that person believes possessed positive characteristics abse ...
* Reading Capital * Real * Real atheism *
Real freedom Real freedom is a term coined by the political philosopher and economist Philippe Van Parijs. It expands upon notions of negative freedom by incorporating not simply institutional or other constraints on a person's choices, but also the requirements ...
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Real number In mathematics, a real number is a number that can be used to measure a ''continuous'' one-dimensional quantity such as a distance, duration or temperature. Here, ''continuous'' means that values can have arbitrarily small variations. Every real ...
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Real self The true self (also known as real self, authentic self, original self and vulnerable self) and the false self (also known as fake self, idealized self, superficial self and pseudo self) are a psychological dualism conceptualized by English psychoa ...
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Real socialism Real socialism, better known as actually existing socialism or developed socialism (), was an ideological catchphrase popularized during the Brezhnev era in the Eastern Bloc countries and the Soviet Union.
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Realism Realism, Realistic, or Realists may refer to: In the arts *Realism (arts), the general attempt to depict subjects truthfully in different forms of the arts Arts movements related to realism include: *Classical Realism *Literary realism, a move ...
* Realism in international relations *
Reality Reality is the sum or aggregate of all that is real or existent within a system, as opposed to that which is only imaginary. The term is also used to refer to the ontological status of things, indicating their existence. In physical terms, r ...
* Reality enforcement * Reality in Buddhism *
Reality principle In Freudian psychology and psychoanalysis, the reality principle (german: Realitätsprinzip) is the ability of the mind to assess the reality of the external world, and to act upon it accordingly, as opposed to acting on the pleasure principle. A ...
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Reality tunnel Reality tunnel is a theory that, with a subconscious set of mental filters formed from beliefs and experiences, every individual interprets the same world differently, hence "Truth is in the eye of the beholder". It is similar to the idea of repres ...
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Realizability In mathematical logic, realizability is a collection of methods in proof theory used to study constructive proofs and extract additional information from them. Formulas from a formal theory are "realized" by objects, known as "realizers", in a way t ...
* Realization *
Really Really Free Market The Really Really Free Market (RRFM) movement is a horizontally organized collective of individuals who form a temporary market based on an alternative gift economy. RRFM events are often hosted by people unaffiliated with any large organization ...
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Realphilosophie The term Realphilosophie was first introduced by Hegel. His Jenaer Realphilosophie of 1805/6 contains lectures "on the philosophy of nature and of the spirit". Hegel confronts the material philosophy of pure logic: Realphilosophie (Material philos ...
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Reason Reason is the capacity of consciously applying logic by drawing conclusions from new or existing information, with the aim of seeking the truth. It is closely associated with such characteristically human activities as philosophy, science, ...
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Reason (argument) In the most general terms, a reason is a consideration which justifies or explains an action, a belief, an attitude, or a fact. ''Normative reasons'' are what people appeal to when making arguments about what people should do or believe. For exam ...
* Reason (logic) *
Reason and Revolution ''Reason and Revolution: Hegel and the Rise of Social Theory'' (1941; second edition 1954) is a book by the philosopher Herbert Marcuse, in which the author discusses the social theories of the philosophers Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and Kar ...
* Reasonable doubt *
Reasoning Reason is the capacity of consciously applying logic by drawing conclusions from new or existing information, with the aim of seeking the truth. It is closely associated with such characteristically human activities as philosophy, science, lang ...
* Reasons and Persons * Reasons externalism * Reasons internalism *
Rebecca Goldstein Rebecca Newberger Goldstein (born February 23, 1950) is an American philosopher, novelist, and public intellectual. She has written ten books, both fiction and non-fiction. She holds a Ph.D. in philosophy of science from Princeton University, and ...
* Rebirth *
Rebirth (Buddhism) Rebirth in Buddhism refers to the teaching that the actions of a sentient being lead to a new existence after death, in an endless cycle called '' saṃsāra''. This cycle is considered to be '' dukkha'', unsatisfactory and painful. The cycle sto ...
* Recall bias * Received view *
Received view of theories The received view of theories is a position in the philosophy of science that identifies a scientific theory with a set of propositions which are considered to be linguistic objects, such as axioms. Frederick Suppe describes the position of the r ...
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Recherches husserliennes ''Recherches husserliennes'' was a Belgian French-speaking journal devoted to Husserlian , thesis1_title = Beiträge zur Variationsrechnung (Contributions to the Calculus of Variations) , thesis1_url = https://fedora.phaidra.univi ...
* Rechtsstaat *
Recipes for Disaster CrimethInc., also known as CWC, which stands for either "CrimethInc. Ex-Workers Collective" or "CrimethInc Ex-Workers Ex-Collective", is a decentralized anarchist collective of autonomous cells. * * * CrimethInc. emerged in the mid-1990s, init ...
* Reciprocal altruism *
Reciprocity Reciprocity may refer to: Law and trade * Reciprocity (Canadian politics), free trade with the United States of America ** Reciprocal trade agreement, entered into in order to reduce (or eliminate) tariffs, quotas and other trade restrictions on ...
* Reciprocity (social and political philosophy) *
Recognition Recognition may refer to: *Award, something given in recognition of an achievement Machine learning *Pattern recognition, a branch of machine learning which encompasses the meanings below Biometric * Recognition of human individuals, or biomet ...
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Recognizable language In mathematics, logic and computer science, a formal language is called recursively enumerable (also recognizable, partially decidable, semidecidable, Turing-acceptable or Turing-recognizable) if it is a recursively enumerable subset in the set o ...
* Reconstructivism * Rectification of Names * Recuperation (sociology) *
Recurrence Recurrence and recurrent may refer to: *''Disease recurrence'', also called relapse *''Eternal recurrence'', or eternal return, the concept that the universe has been recurring, and will continue to recur, in a self-similar form an infinite number ...
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Recursion Recursion (adjective: ''recursive'') occurs when a thing is defined in terms of itself or of its type. Recursion is used in a variety of disciplines ranging from linguistics to logic. The most common application of recursion is in mathematics ...
* Recursive function *
Recursive function theory In mathematical logic and computer science, a general recursive function, partial recursive function, or μ-recursive function is a partial function from natural numbers to natural numbers that is "computable" in an intuitive sense – as well as i ...
* Recursive language * Recursively enumerable language *
Red and Anarchist Skinheads Skinheads Against Racial Prejudice (SHARP) are anti-racist skinheads who oppose white power skinheads, neo-fascists and other political racists, particularly if they identify themselves as skinheads. SHARPs aim to reclaim the original multicultura ...
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Red Emma's Bookstore Coffeehouse Red Emma's Bookstore Coffeehouse is a radical infoshop located in Baltimore, Maryland, United States and run by a worker-owner collective. Named for anarchist Emma Goldman, Red Emma's opened in November 2004 and sells fair trade coffee, vegetari ...
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Redintegration Redintegration refers to the restoration of the whole of something from a part of it. The everyday phenomenon is that a small part of a memory can remind a person of the entire memory, for example, “recalling an entire song when a few notes are p ...
* Redistribution *
Redpill The terms "red pill" and "blue pill" refer to a choice between the willingness to learn a potentially unsettling or life-changing truth by taking the red pill or remaining in contented ignorance with the blue pill. The terms are associated with ...
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Reduct In universal algebra and in model theory, a reduct of an algebraic structure is obtained by omitting some of the operation (mathematics), operations and relation (mathematics), relations of that structure. The opposite of "reduct" is "expansion. ...
* Reductio ad absurdum * Reductio ad Hitlerum *
Reduction (philosophy) Reductionism is any of several related philosophical ideas regarding the associations between phenomena which can be described in terms of other simpler or more fundamental phenomena. It is also described as an intellectual and philosophical pos ...
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Reductionism Reductionism is any of several related philosophical ideas regarding the associations between phenomena which can be described in terms of other simpler or more fundamental phenomena. It is also described as an intellectual and philosophical pos ...
* Redundancy (language) * Redundancy theory of truth *
Reed–Muller expansion In Boolean logic, a Reed–Muller expansion (or Davio expansion) is a decomposition of a Boolean function. For a Boolean function f(x_1,\ldots,x_n) : \mathbb^n \to \mathbb we call : \begin f_(x) & = f(x_1,\ldots,x_,1,x_,\ldots,x_n) \\ f_(x)& = ...
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Reference Reference is a relationship between objects in which one object designates, or acts as a means by which to connect to or link to, another object. The first object in this relation is said to ''refer to'' the second object. It is called a ''name'' ...
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Referential Reference is a relationship between objects in which one object designates, or acts as a means by which to connect to or link to, another object. The first object in this relation is said to ''refer to'' the second object. It is called a ''name'' ...
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Referential opacity An opaque context or referentially opaque context is a linguistic context in which it is not always possible to substitute "co-referential" expressions (expressions referring to the same object) without altering the truth of sentences. The expres ...
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Referential transparency In computer science, referential transparency and referential opacity are properties of parts of computer programs. An expression is called ''referentially transparent'' if it can be replaced with its corresponding value (and vice-versa) withou ...
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Referentially transparent In computer science, referential transparency and referential opacity are properties of parts of computer programs. An expression is called ''referentially transparent'' if it can be replaced with its corresponding value (and vice-versa) withou ...
* Reflection principles * Reflections on the Revolution in France * Reflective disclosure * Reflective equilibrium *
Reflectivism Reflectivism is a broad umbrella label, used primarily in International Relations theory, for a range of theoretical approaches which oppose rational-choice accounts of social phenomena and, perhaps, positivism more generally. The label was popu ...
* Reflexive *
Reflexive monism Reflexive monism is a philosophical position developed by Max Velmans, in his books '' Understanding Consciousness'' (2000, 2009) and ''Toward a Deeper Understanding of Consciousness'' (2017), to address the problems of consciousness. It is a moder ...
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Reform Judaism Reform Judaism, also known as Liberal Judaism or Progressive Judaism, is a major Jewish denomination that emphasizes the evolving nature of Judaism, the superiority of its ethical aspects to its ceremonial ones, and belief in a continuous searc ...
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Reformational philosophy Reformational philosophy of society is a neo-Calvinistic movement pioneered by Herman Dooyeweerd and D. H. Th. Vollenhoven that seeks to develop philosophical thought in a Reformed Christian direction. It is related to the idea of a politi ...
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Reformed epistemology In the philosophy of religion, Reformed epistemology is a school of philosophical thought concerning the nature of knowledge (epistemology) as it applies to religious beliefs. The central proposition of Reformed epistemology is that beliefs can be ...
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Reformism Reformism is a political doctrine advocating the reform of an existing system or institution instead of its abolition and replacement. Within the socialist movement, reformism is the view that gradual changes through existing institutions can eve ...
* Refusal of work *
Regeneración () was a Mexican anarchist newspaper that functioned as the official organ of the Mexican Liberal Party. Founded by the Flores Magón brothers in 1900, it was forced to move to the United States in 1905. Jesús Flores Magón published the paper ...
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Reginald Garrigou-Lagrange Reginald is a masculine given name in the English language. Etymology and history The meaning of Reginald is “King". The name is derived from the Latin ''Reginaldus'', which has been influenced by the Latin word ''regina'', meaning "queen". Th ...
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Reginald Hackforth Reginald Hackforth (17 August 1887 – 6 May 1957) was an English classical scholar, known mainly for his work on Plato, and from 1939 to 1952 was the second Laurence Professor of Ancient Philosophy at Cambridge University. Life Early life H ...
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Reginald Ray Reginald Ray (born 1942) is an American Buddhist academic and teacher. Ray studied Tibetan Buddhism, traditional shamanic wisdom, and yogic-contemplative practices with the Tibetan refugee and recognized Vajrayana traditional-wisdom holder Chög ...
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Regionalism (art) American Regionalism is an American realist modern art movement that included paintings, murals, lithographs, and illustrations depicting realistic scenes of rural and small-town America primarily in the Midwest. It arose in the 1930s as a resp ...
* Regress *
Regress argument In epistemology, the regress argument is the argument that any proposition requires a justification. However, any justification itself requires support. This means that any proposition whatsoever can be endlessly (infinitely) questioned, result ...
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Regression analysis In statistical modeling, regression analysis is a set of statistical processes for estimating the relationships between a dependent variable (often called the 'outcome' or 'response' variable, or a 'label' in machine learning parlance) and one ...
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Regression fallacy The regression (or regressive) fallacy is an informal fallacy. It assumes that something has returned to normal because of corrective actions taken while it was abnormal. This fails to account for natural fluctuations. It is frequently a special ki ...
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Regular grammar In theoretical computer science and formal language theory, a regular grammar is a grammar that is ''right-regular'' or ''left-regular''. While their exact definition varies from textbook to textbook, they all require that * all production rules ...
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Regular modal logic In modal logic, a regular modal logic is a modal logic containing (as axiom or theorem) the duality of the modal operators: \Diamond A \leftrightarrow \lnot\Box\lnot A and closed under the rule \frac. Every normal modal logic In logic, a normal ...
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Regular tree grammar In theoretical computer science and formal language theory, a regular tree grammar is a formal grammar that describes a set of directed trees, or terms. A regular word grammar can be seen as a special kind of regular tree grammar, describing a se ...
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Regulation of science The regulation of science refers to use of law, or other ruling, by academic or governmental bodies to allow or restrict science from performing certain practices, or researching certain scientific areas. Science could be regulated by legislation i ...
* Regulative principle * Regulative principles *
Reification (fallacy) Reification (also known as concretism, hypostatization, or the fallacy of misplaced concreteness) is a fallacy of ambiguity, when an abstraction (abstract belief or hypothetical construct) is treated as if it were a concrete real event or physical ...
* Reification (Marxism) *
Reincarnation Reincarnation, also known as rebirth or transmigration, is the philosophical or religious concept that the non-physical essence of a living being begins a new life in a different physical form or body after biological death. Resurrection is a ...
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Reinhart Maurer Reinhart Klemens Maurer (born 1935) is a philosopher and professor from Xanten, Germany. Maurer studied philosophy, German and English at the universities of University of Münster, Münster, University of Kiel, Kiel and University of Vienna, Vien ...
* Reinhold Niebuhr *
Reism Reism, reificationism, concretism or concretionism is a view that only concrete material things exist. It is a philosophical theory associated with Tadeusz Kotarbiński who proposed that it involves both the proper view about the kinds of objects ...
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Relation Relation or relations may refer to: General uses *International relations, the study of interconnection of politics, economics, and law on a global level *Interpersonal relationship, association or acquaintance between two or more people *Public ...
* Relation of Ideas *
Relational quantum mechanics :''This article is intended for those already familiar with quantum mechanics and its attendant interpretational difficulties. Readers who are new to the subject may first want to read the introduction to quantum mechanics.'' Relational quantum m ...
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Relational semantics Kripke semantics (also known as relational semantics or frame semantics, and often confused with possible world semantics) is a formal semantics for non-classical logic systems created in the late 1950s and early 1960s by Saul Kripke and André Jo ...
* Relational space * Relational theory *
Relationalism Relationalism is any theoretical position that gives importance to the relational nature of things. For relationalism, things exist and function only as relational entities. Relationalism may be contrasted with relationism, which tends to emphasize ...
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Relations of production Relations of production (german: Produktionsverhältnisse, links=no) is a concept frequently used by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in their theory of historical materialism and in ''Das Kapital''. It is first explicitly used in Marx's publish ...
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Relationship between Friedrich Nietzsche and Max Stirner The ideas of 19th-century German philosophers Max Stirner (dead in 1856) and Friedrich Nietzsche (born in 1844) have often been compared and many authors have discussed apparent similarities in their writings, sometimes raising the question of i ...
* Relationship between religion and science * Relationship ethics * Relative value * Relativism *
Relativist fallacy The relativist fallacy, also known as the subjectivist fallacy, is claiming that something is true for one person but not true for someone else, when in fact that thing is an objective fact. The fallacy rests on the law of noncontradiction. The fa ...
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Relativity of simultaneity In physics, the relativity of simultaneity is the concept that ''distant simultaneity'' – whether two spatially separated events occur at the same time – is not absolute, but depends on the observer's reference frame. This possi ...
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Relativity theory The theory of relativity usually encompasses two interrelated theories by Albert Einstein: special relativity and general relativity, proposed and published in 1905 and 1915, respectively. Special relativity applies to all physical phenomena in ...
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Relevance Relevance is the concept of one topic being connected to another topic in a way that makes it useful to consider the second topic when considering the first. The concept of relevance is studied in many different fields, including cognitive sci ...
* Relevance logic * Relevance theory * Relevant alternatives theory * Reliabilism *
Religio Medici ''Religio Medici'' (''The Religion of a Doctor'') by Sir Thomas Browne is a spiritual testament and early psychological self-portrait. Published in 1643 after an unauthorized version was distributed the previous year, it became a European best- ...
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Religion Religion is usually defined as a social- cultural system of designated behaviors and practices, morals, beliefs, worldviews, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics, or organizations, that generally relates humanity to supernatural, ...
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Religion & Ethics Newsweekly ''Religion & Ethics Newsweekly'' was an American weekly television news-magazine program which aired on PBS. History and content Premiering in 1997, ''Religion & Ethics Newsweekly'' was devoted to news of religion and spirituality, along with ...
* Religion and abortion *
Religion and agriculture Religion and agriculture have been closely associated since neolithic times and the development of early Orphic religions based upon fertility and the seasons. See also * Agricultural spiritualism * Christianity and agriculture * Earth goddess * F ...
* Religion and happiness * Religion and science * Religion of Humanity *
Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason ''Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason'' (german: Die Religion innerhalb der Grenzen der bloßen Vernunft) is a 1793 book by the German philosopher Immanuel Kant. Although its purpose and original intent has become a matter of some dispute, ...
* Religious belief *
Religious communism Religious communism is a form of communism that incorporates religious principles. Scholars have used the term to describe a variety of social or religious movements throughout history that have favored the common ownership of property. Overview ...
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Religious democracy Religious democracy is a form of government where the values of a particular religion affect laws and rules. The term applies to all countries in which religion is incorporated into the form of government. Democracies are characterized as secu ...
* Religious experience * Religious humanism *
Religious intellectualism in Iran Religious intellectualism in Iran ( fa, روشنفکری دينی) reached its apogee during the Persian Constitutional Revolution (1906–11). The process involved philosophers, sociologists, political scientists and cultural theorists. Summary Th ...
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Religious interpretation The asterisk ( ), from Late Latin , from Ancient Greek , ''asteriskos'', "little star", is a typographical symbol. It is so called because it resembles a conventional image of a heraldic star. Computer scientists and mathematicians often voc ...
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Religious interpretations of the Big Bang theory Since the emergence of the Big Bang theory as the dominant physical cosmology, physical cosmological paradigm, there have been a variety of reactions by religious groups regarding its implications for religious cosmology, religious cosmologies. So ...
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Religious language Religious language may refer to: *Sacred language A sacred language, holy language or liturgical language is any language that is cultivated and used primarily in church service or for other religious reasons by people who speak another, prim ...
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Religious law Religious law includes ethical and moral codes taught by religious traditions. Different religious systems hold sacred law in a greater or lesser degree of importance to their belief systems, with some being explicitly antinomian whereas others ...
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Religious liberalism Religious liberalism is a conception of religion (or of a particular religion) which emphasizes personal and group liberty and rationality. It is an attitude towards one's own religion (as opposed to criticism of religion from a secular position, ...
* Religious naturalism * Religious philosophy * Religious pluralism * Religious skepticism * Religious views on business ethics *
Religious views on suicide There are a variety of religious views on suicide. Ancient Pagan religions In general, the pagan world, both Roman and Greek, had a relaxed attitude towards suicide. Dharmic religions Buddhism In Buddhism, an individual's past acts are reco ...
* Rémi Brague *
Remigius of Auxerre Remigius (Remi) of Auxerre ( la, Remigius Autissiodorensis; c. 841 – 908) was a Benedictine monk during the Carolingian period, a teacher of Latin grammar, and a prolific author of commentaries on classical Greek and Latin texts. He is also accr ...
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Reminiscence Reminiscence is the act of recollecting past experiences or events. An example of the typical use of reminiscence is when people share their personal stories with others or allows other people to live vicariously through stories of family, frien ...
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Remo Bodei Remo Bodei (3 August 1938 – 7 November 2019) was an Italian philosopher. He was a professor of the history of philosophy at the UCLA University, Los Angeles California, and also had taught at the University of Pisa and Scuola Normale Superiore ...
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Remorse Remorse is a distressing emotion experienced by an individual who regrets actions which they have done in the past that they deem to be shameful, hurtful, or wrong. Remorse is closely allied to guilt and self-directed resentment. When a person ...
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Ren Jiyu Ren Jiyu (; born April 15, 1916 - died July 11, 2009) in Pingyuan County, Shandong, Pingyuan County, Shandong Province was a philosophy, philosopher, scholar in religious studies, history, historian, member of the Chinese Communist Party, and hon ...
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Renaissance The Renaissance ( , ) , from , with the same meanings. is a period in European history marking the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and covering the 15th and 16th centuries, characterized by an effort to revive and surpass ideas ...
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Renaissance humanism Renaissance humanism was a revival in the study of classical antiquity, at first in Italy and then spreading across Western Europe in the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries. During the period, the term ''humanist'' ( it, umanista) referred to teache ...
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Renate Holub Renate Holub (born 6 October 1946) is a German political philosopher and critical social theorist living in California. She has published several books. Life Holub was born in Ludwigshafen am Rhein. After studying in Paris, Madrid, London and Rome ...
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Renato Janine Ribeiro Renato Janine Ribeiro is a Brazilian people, Brazilian full professor of ethics and political philosophy at the University of São Paulo. As of April 6, 2015, he was named Ministry of Education (Brazil), Minister of Education of Brazil in the cabi ...
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René Descartes René Descartes ( or ; ; Latinized: Renatus Cartesius; 31 March 1596 – 11 February 1650) was a French philosopher, scientist, and mathematician, widely considered a seminal figure in the emergence of modern philosophy and science. Mathem ...
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René Girard René Noël Théophile Girard (; ; 25 December 1923 – 4 November 2015) was a French polymath, historian, literary critic, and philosopher of social science whose work belongs to the tradition of philosophical anthropology. Girard was the aut ...
* René Guénon * Rene Guenon: A Teacher for Modern Times *
René Viénet René Viénet (born 6 February 1944, in Le Havre) is a French sinologist who is famous as a situationist writer and filmmaker. Viénet used the situationist technique of détournement — the diversion of already existing cultural elements to new ...
* Renewing the Anarchist Tradition *
Renn Dickson Hampden Renn Dickson Hampden (29 March 1793 – 23 April 1868) was an English Anglican clergyman. His liberal tendencies led to conflict with traditionalist clergy in general and the supporters of Tractarianism during the years he taught in Oxford (182 ...
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Rentier capitalism Rentier capitalism describes the economic practice of gaining large profits without contributing to society. And a rentier is someone who earns income from capital without working. This is generally done through ownership of assets that generate ...
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Renzo Novatore Abele Rizieri Ferrari (May 12, 1890 – November 29, 1922), better known by the pen name Renzo Novatore, was an Italian individualist anarchist, illegalist and anti-fascist poet, philosopher and militant, now mostly known for his posthumously pu ...
* Repertorium der Nederlandse Wijsbegeerte *
Repetition (Kierkegaard) ''Repetition'' ( da, Gjentagelsen) is an 1843 book by Søren Kierkegaard and published under the pseudonym Constantin Constantius to mirror its titular theme. Constantin investigates whether repetition is possible, and the book includes his exper ...
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Representation (arts) Representation is the use of signs that stand in for and take the place of something else.Mitchell, W. 1995, "Representation", in F Lentricchia & T McLaughlin (eds), ''Critical Terms for Literary Study'', 2nd edn, University of Chicago Press, Chica ...
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Representation (psychology) A mental representation (or cognitive representation), in philosophy of mind, cognitive psychology, neuroscience, and cognitive science, is a hypothetical internal cognitive symbol that represents external reality, or else a mental process that ...
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Representational theory of mind A mental representation (or cognitive representation), in philosophy of mind, cognitive psychology, neuroscience, and cognitive science, is a hypothetical internal cognitive symbol that represents external reality, or else a mental process that ma ...
* Representationalism * Representative democracy * Representative realism * Repressive hypothesis * Reprobation * Reproducibility * Reproduction (economics) * Reproductive technology * Reprogenetics * Republican democracy * Republicanism * Res Cogitans * Res Extensa * Research ethics * Resentment * Resistentialism * Resolution (logic) * Resources for clinical ethics consultation * Respect * Respondent conditioning * Response bias * Response variable * Ressentiment * Restorative justice * Resurrection * Retention and protention * Reterritorialization * Rethinking "Gnosticism": An Argument for Dismantling a Dubious Category * Retributive justice * Retributivism * Retrocausality * Retrocausation * Retroduction * Retrospective determinism * Revealed truth * Revelation * Revenge * Reverence for Life * Reverse Turing test * Review of Metaphysics * Review of Philosophy and Psychology * Revisionism (Marxism) * Revista Ideas y Valores * Revolt * Revolt Against the Modern World * Revolution * Revolutionary Anarchist Bowling League * Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine * Revolutionary integrationism * Revolutionary spontaneity * Revolutions in Mathematics * Revue de métaphysique et de morale * Revue de synthèse * Revue philosophique de la France et de l'étranger * Revue Philosophique de Louvain * Rewriting * Rhazes * Rhetoric * Rhetoric (Aristotle) * Rhetoric of science * Rhetoric of social intervention model * Rhetoric to Alexander * Rhetorical criticism * Rhetorical reason * Rhizome (philosophy) * Rhyme * Rhythmanalysis * Ricardo Rozzi * Richard's paradox * Richard-Bevan Braithwaite * Richard A. Macksey * Richard Alan Cross * Richard Arneson * Richard Avenarius * Richard Bach * Richard Baron (philosopher) * Richard Bentley * Richard Boyd * Richard Brandt * Richard Brinkley * Richard Burthogge * Richard Carrier * Richard Cumberland (philosopher) * Richard Dawkins * Richard Dedekind * Richard E. Flathman * Richard Ferrybridge * Richard Grathoff * Richard Gregg (social philosopher) * Richard Haldane, 1st Viscount Haldane * Richard Hanley * Richard Hönigswald * Richard Hooker * Richard Ithamar Aaron * Richard J. Bernstein * Richard J. F. Day * Richard Jeffrey * Richard Kearney * Richard Kilvington * Richard Kirkham * Richard Kroner * Richard Lewis Nettleship * Richard M. 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Miller * Richard Wahle * Richard Walker (philosopher) * Richard Whately * Richard Wilton * Richard Wolin * Richard Wollheim * Richards controller * Rick Lewis (journalist) * Rick Turner (philosopher) * Julius Evola, Ride the Tiger * Rieko * Rifa'a el-Tahtawi * Right-libertarianism * Noble Eightfold Path#Right action, Right action * Right Hegelians * Right of revolution * Right quotient * Right to exist * Righteousness * Rights * Rights Ethics * Rights of Englishmen * Rights of Man * Rights of the Terminally Ill Act 1995 * Rigid designator * Rigorism * Rigour * Rigpa * Rinchen Zangpo * Ring of Gyges * Rising Tide North America * Risk * Risk assessment * Ritual * Ritual purification * Rival Lovers * Rıza Tevfik Bölükbaşı * RNC 8 * RNC Welcoming Committee * Road to Freedom (journal) * Robbins algebra * Robert A. McDermott * Robert Adamson (philosopher) * Robert Alexy * Robert Allinson * Robert Alyngton * Robert Arrington * Robert Audi * Robert B. Pippin * Robert Balfour (philosopher) * Robert Bernasconi * Robert Boyle * Robert Brandom * Robert Bruce Raup * Robert C. Solomon * Robert C. Stalnaker * Robert Cowton * Robert Cummings Neville * Robert F. Almeder * Robert Feys * Robert Filmer * Robert Flint * Robert Fludd * Robert Frodeman * Robert Graham (historian) * Robert Grosseteste * Robert Grudin * Robert Holcot * Robert Holkot * Robert J. Zydenbos * Robert Joseph Pothier * Robert Kane (philosopher) * Robert Kilwardby * Robert Kirk (philosopher), Robert Kirk * Robert Kowalski * Robert L. Holmes * Robert Lawson Vaught * Robert Leslie Ellis * Robert M. Pirsig * Robert M. Solovay * Robert Magliola * Robert Maximilian de Gaynesford * Robert Merrihew Adams * Robert Nozick * Robert of Melun * Robert P. Crease * Robert P. George * Robert Paul Wolff * Robert Pullus * Robert Redeker * Robert Rowland Smith * Robert S. Boyer * Robert S. Corrington * Robert S. Hartman * Robert Saitschick * Robert Spaemann * Robert Stalnaker * Robert T. Pennock * Robert Todd Carroll * Robert Trundle * Robert Vischer * Robert von Zimmermann * Robert Wardy * Roberto Ardigò * Roberto Carifi * Roberto Mangabeira Unger * Roberto Refinetti * Roberto Torretti * Robin Attfield * Robin Collins * Robin Gandy * Robin Hahnel * Robin LePoidevin * Roboethics * Robot * Rod Coronado * Rod L. Evans * Roderick Chisholm * Rodolfo Mondolfo * Rodolphe Gasché * Rodolphus Agricola * Roger-Pol Droit * Roger Bacon * Roger Caillois * Roger de Piles * Roger Fry * Roger Garaudy * Roger Joseph Boscovich * Roger Marston * Roger North (17th century) * Roger Penrose * Roger Scruton * Rogerian argument * Rogers Albritton * Rói Patursson * Roland Barthes * Roland Fraïssé * Roland of Cremona * Rolf Sattler * Rolf Schock * Rolf Schock Prizes * Rolling Thunder (journal) * Roman Ingarden * Roman law * Roman philosophy * Roman Witold Ingarden * Romanas Plečkaitis * Romanian philosophy * Romantic realism * Romanticism * Ron McClamrock * Ronald de Sousa * Ronald Dworkin * Ronald Giere * Ronald Jensen * Ronald Loui * Ronald M. Dworkin * Ronald Paulson * Root cause analysis, Root cause * Rosa Luxemburg * Rosalind Hursthouse * Roscelin de Compiegne * Roscellinus * Roscoe Pound * Rose Pesotta * Rose Rand * Rosminians * Ross Winn * Rota Fortunae * Rotation method * Round square copula * Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy * Roy Bhaskar * Roy Wood Sellars * Royal Institute of Philosophy * Rüdiger Safranski * Rudolf Arnheim * Rudolf Bultmann * Rudolf Carnap * Rudolf Christoph Eucken * Rudolf Haym * Rudolf Hermann * Rudolf Lingens * Rudolf Maria Holzapfel * Rudolf Otto * Rudolf Rocker * Rudolf Schottlaender * Rudolf Seydel * Rudolf Steiner * Rudolf von Jhering * Rudolph Göckel * Rudolph Goclenius * Rudolphus Goclenius * Rufus Jones (writer) * Ruhollah Khomeini * Rule by decree * Rule egoism * Rule of inference * Rule of law * Rule of Recognition * Rule of Rescue * Rule of Three (Wiccan) * Rule utilitarianism * Rules for the Direction of the Mind * Rules of passage (logic) * Ruling class * Rune Slagstad * Rupert Read * Rush Rhees * Rushworth Kidder * Russ Shafer-Landau * Russell's paradox * Russell's teapot * Russell Kirk * Russian cosmism * Russian formalism * Russian philosophy * Ruth Abbey * Ruth Barcan Marcus * Ruth Macklin * Ruth Millikan * Ruth Nanda Anshen * Ryle's regress * Ryosen Tsunashima


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* S. Barry Cooper * S. Morris Engel * S5 (modal logic) * Saadiah Gaon * Sacco and Vanzetti * Sacco and Vanzetti (2006 film) * Sacco e Vanzetti (1971 film) * Sacraments * Sacred * Sacrifice * Sadaqah * Sadayoshi Fukuda * Sadiq Jalal al-Azm * Sadr al-Din al-Qunawi * Sadr al-Din Muhammad al-Shirazi * Sadvipras * Safety * Sage (Sophos) * Saggi sull'idealismo magico * Saguna brahman * Sahotra Sarkar * Sail Mohamed * Saint-Simonism * Saint Genet * Saint Petersburg paradox * Saint Teresa of Avila * Saints and Revolutionaries * Sakadagami * Sakae Osugi * Saktism * Śālikanātha * Sallustius of Emesa * Salomon Maimon * Salon Mazal * Salva veritate * Salvador Seguí * Salvation * Sam Dolgoff * Sam Gillespie * Sam Harris (author) * Sam Keen * Sam Mainwaring * Samādhi * Samaritan's dilemma * Samatha * Samayasāra * Sambhogakāya * Sami Nair * Adi Shankara * Samkhya * Samkhyakarika * Samkhyapravachana Sutra * Sampling bias * Samsara * Saṃsāra (Buddhism) * Samsara (Jainism) * Samuel Alexander * Samuel Bailey * Samuel Bowles (economist) * Samuel Butler (novelist) * Samuel Cabanchik * Samuel Clarke * Samuel de Sorbiere * Samuel Guttenplan * Samuel ibn Seneh Zarza * Samuel Johnson * Samuel Johnson's religious views * Samuel Johnson (1649–1703) * Samuel Johnson (pamphleteer) * Samuel Maximilian Rieser * Samuel Pufendorf * Samuel Ramos * Samuel Taylor Coleridge * Samuel Todes * Samuel von Pufendorf * Samvriti * San Diego Free Speech Fight * Sandhi * Sandie Lindsay, 1st Baron Lindsay of Birker * Sandra Bartky * Sandra Harding * Sandra Laugier * Sandra Mitchell * Saneatsu Mushanokōji * Sanjaya Belatthaputta * Sankhara * Sankhya * Sanlun * Sansara * Śāntarakṣita * Sante Geronimo Caserio * Sapere aude * Sapir–Whorf hypothesis * Sarah Coakley * Sarah Kofman * Sarane Alexandrian * Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan * Sarye pyeollam * Sascha Scatter * Sascha Schapiro * Sat (Sanskrit) * Satchitananda * Sathya Sai Baba * Satisfiability and validity * Satisfiable * Satisfice * Satisficing * Satori * Saturday Club (Boston, 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T

* T'ai chi ch'uan philosophy * T'an Ssu-t'ung * T'i * T'ien * T'ien Ming * T'oegye * T-schema * T. A. Goudge * T. Edward Damer * T. H. Green * T. K. Seung * T. L. S. Sprigge * T. M. Scanlon * T.L.S. 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Adorno * Theodore de Laguna * Theodore Drange * Théodore Eugène César Ruyssen * Theodore Kaczynski * Theodore Kisiel * Theodore Metochites * Theodore Schick * Théodore Simon Jouffroy * Theodoric of Freiberg * Theodorus of Asine * Theodorus of Byzantium * Theodorus of Cyrene * Theodorus the Atheist * Théodule Meunier * Theognostus of Alexandria * Theological aesthetics * Theological anthropology * Theological determinism * Theological noncognitivism * Theological veto * Theological virtues * Theologico-Political Treatise * Theology * Theology of liberation * Theology of Søren Kierkegaard * Theon of Smyrna * Theophilos Corydalleus * Theophrastus * Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim * Theorem * Theoretical definition * Theoretical philosophy * Theoretical reason * Theoreticism * Theoria * Theoria (philosophy journal), Theoria – A Swedish Journal of Philosophy * Theories * Theories of humor * Theories of religion * Theories of technology * Theory * Theory-laden * Theory and practice * Theory choice * Theory of criminal justice * Theory of descriptions * Theory of everything (philosophy) * Theory of forms * Theory of Forms * Theory of justification * Theory of knowledge (IB course) * Theory of mind * Theory of relativity * Theory of Subversion and Containment * Theory of types * Theory theory * Theosophical Society * Theosophy (Blavatskian), Theosophy * Theosophy (history of philosophy) * Therapeutic privilege * Theravada Buddhism * Therefore sign * Theresa of Ávila * Thermodynamics * Theses on Feuerbach * Thesis * Thesis, antithesis, synthesis * Theurgy * Thick Black Theory * Thick concept * Thierry de Duve * Thierry of Chartres * Thieves in Black * Thing in itself * Object (philosophy), Things * Think (journal) * Think: A Compelling Introduction to Philosophy * Thinker's Library * Thinking * Thinking about Consciousness * Third-cause fallacy * Third camp * Third eye * Third man argument * Third Position * Third Way (centrism) * Thirdness * Thirteen Classics * Thirtha prabandha * Thisness * Thomas-Institut * Thomas A Kempis * Thomas A. McCarthy * Thomas Abbt * Thomas Aquinas * Thomas Aquinas and the Sacraments * Thomas Baldwin (philosopher) * Thomas Bradwardine * Thomas Brown (philosopher) * Thomas Browne * Thomas Cajetan * Thomas Carlyle * Thomas Common * Thomas Cooper (American politician, born 1759), Thomas Cooper (US politician) * Thomas Davidson (philosopher) * Thomas Gallus * Thomas Gisborne * Thomas Hastie Bell * Thomas Hemerken * Thomas Henry Huxley * Thomas Hill Green * Thomas Hobbes * Thomas J. McKay * Thomas Jay Oord * Thomas Jefferson * Thomas Keell * Thomas Kuhn * Thomas Metzinger * Thomas Molnar * Thomas More * Thomas Munro * Thomas Nagel * Thomas of Sutton * Thomas of Villanova * Thomas of York (Franciscan) * Thomas Paine * Thomas Percival * Thomas Pogge * Thomas Reid * Thomas Robert Malthus * Thomas S. Kuhn * Thomas Samuel Kuhn * Thomas Spencer Baynes * Thomas Talbott * Thomas Taylor (neoplatonist) * Thomas Tymoczko * Thomas V. Morris * Thomas Vaughan (philosopher) * Thomas White (scholar), Thomas White * Thomas Wilton * Thome H. Fang * Thomism * Thoralf Skolem * Þorsteinn Gylfason * Thought * Thought experiment * Thought Forms * Thought of Thomas Aquinas * Thoughtform * Thoughts on Machiavelli * Thoughts on the True Estimation of Living Forces * Thrasymachus * Thrasymachus of Corinth * Three-valued logic * Three Critics of the Enlightenment * Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous * Three marks of existence * Three men make a tiger * Three Principles of the People * Three sided football * Three Treasures (Taoism) * Three Worlds Theory * Threefold Training * Thrownness * Thubten Gyatso (Australian monk) * Thucydides * Thumos * Thus Spoke Zarathustra * Ti (concept) * Tian * Tibetan Buddhism * Tibor R. Machan * Ticking time bomb scenario * Tilman Pesch * Tim Crane * Tim Dean * Timaeus (dialogue) * Timaeus of Locri * Timaeus the Sophist * Time * Time and Free Will * Time loop * Time preference * Time slice * Time travel * Timeline of Eastern philosophers * Timeline of Niccolò Machiavelli * Timeline of philosophers * Timeline of Western philosophers * Timo Airaksinen * Timocrates of Lampsacus * Timolaus of Cyzicus * Timon (philosopher) * Timon of Philius * Timon of Phlius * Timothy Chambers * Timothy Smiley * Timothy Sprigge * Timothy Williamson * Timycha * Tine Hribar * Tiqqun * Tirukkuṛaḷ * Tiruvalluvar * Tisias * Titoism * Titus Albucius * Titus Brandsma * Titus Pomponius Atticus * To be * Todd May * Toegye * Toju Nakae * Type-token distinction, Token * Token-type distinction * Toleration * Tolstoyan * Tom Beauchamp * Tom Gerety * Tom Polger * Tom Regan * Tom Stoneham * Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk * Tomer Devorah * Tommaso Campanella * Tommaso Maria Zigliara * Tomonobu Imamichi * Tonghak * Logical harmony, Tonk * Tõnu Trubetsky * Tony Honoré * Tony McWalter * Toothpaste tube theory * Top-down * Top-down parsing language * Top down * Topical logic * Topics (Aristotle) * Topus Uranus * Torbjörn Tännsjö * Tore Nordenstam * Torgny T:son Segerstedt * Toronto School of communication theory * Torquato Accetto * Torsti Lehtinen * Torture * Tory corporatism * Total ordering * Totalism * Totalitarian democracy * Totalitarianism * Tottenham Outrage * Tout court * Towards a Global Ethic: An Initial Declaration * Toxin puzzle * Trace (deconstruction) * Trace monoid * Trace theory * Tractarian * Tractatus coislinianus * Tractatus de Intellectus Emendatione * Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus * Trademark argument * Tradition * Traditional values, Traditionalism * Traditionalist conservatism * Traditionalist School * Traducianism * Tragedy * Tragedy of the commons * Tragic Week (Catalonia) * Trail ethics * Trailokya * Trairūpya * Trait ascription bias * Tran Duc Thao * Transaction logic * Transcendence (philosophy) * Transcendence (religion) * Transcendent theosophy * Transcendental apperception * Transcendental argument * Transcendental argument for the existence of God * Transcendental arguments * Transcendental idealism * Transcendental number * Transcendental realism * Transcendental Students * Transcendental theology * Transcendentalism * Transcendentals * Transferable utility * Transfinite induction * Transfinite number * Transformation problem * Transformation rule * Transformational grammar * Transformative justice * Transhumanism * Transitional demand * Transitive closure * Transitive relation * Translating "law" to other European languages * Translation * Translators * Transmigration of the soul * Transmodernism * Transmodernity * Transparency (linguistic) * Transparency (philosophy) * Transparent Intensional Logic * Transposition (logic) * Transtheistic * Transubstantiation * Transvaluation of values * Transworld identity * Traugott Konstantin Oesterreich * Treatise * Tree of Porphyry * Trenton Merricks * Tresconsciousness * Triage * Trial of Socrates * Trial of the thirty * Trialism * Trichotomy (philosophy) * Trikaya * Trilemma * Trinitarianism * Trinity * Tripitaka * Tripp York * Triune Continuum Paradigm * Trivial objections * Trivialism * Trolley problem * Trope (philosophy) * Trope of Litotes * Troubled Sleep * True-believer syndrome * True name * Truism * Truman G. Madsen * Trumbullplex * Trust (social sciences) * Trust (sociology) * Trustworthiness * Truth * Truth-conditional semantics * Truth-function * Truth-functions * Truth-value * Truth-value link * Truth-value semantics * Truth and Method * Truth by consensus * Truth claim (photography) * Truth condition * Truth conditions * Truth definition * Truth function * Truth predicate * Truth table * Truth theory * Truth value * Truthbearer * Truthiness * Truthlikeness * Truthmaker * Tsang Lap Chuen * Tschandala * Tsung-Mi * Tu quoque * Tudor Vianu * Tuesdays with Morrie * Tui (intellectual) * Tuli Kupferberg * Tullia d'Aragona * Tung Chung-shu * Turing degree * Turing degrees * Turing machine * Turing machine equivalents * Turing machines * Turing reducibility * Turing test * Türker armaner * Turtles all the way down * Tusculanae Quaestiones * Twardowski * Twelfth Letter (Plato) * Twelve Nidānas * Twentieth-century French philosophy * Twilight Club * Twilight of the Idols * Twin Earth thought experiment * Two-level utilitarianism * Two Ages: A Literary Review * Two Concepts of Liberty * Two Dogmas of Empiricism * Two Treatises of Government * Two truths doctrine * Two wrongs make a right * Tychism * Tyler Burge * Type (metaphysics) * Type-E Dualism * Type-identity theory * Type-token distinction * Type-type identity * Type (metaphysics) * Type identity * Type materialism * Type physicalism * Type theory * Types of Buddha * Typification * Tyranny of the majority * Tzvetan Todorov


U

* U. G. Krishnamurti * Ubasute * Übermensch * Ubuntu (philosophy) * Uchiyama Gudō * UCLA Department of Philosophy * Udana * Udayana * Uddyotakara * Udyotakara * Ueyama Shunpei * Ugliness * Ugly duckling theorem * Ugo Spirito * Uisang * Ûisang * Uku Masing * Ullin Place * Ülo Kaevats * Ulrich Libbrecht * Ulrich of Strasbourg * Ulrich of Strasburg * Ulrik Huber * Ultimate Boeing 747 gambit * Ultimate fate of the universe * Ultra-imperialism * Ultrafinitism * Umanità Nova * Umberto Eco * Umberto Eco bibliography * Umehara Takeshi * Unabomber for President * Uncertainty * Uncertainty principle * Unconscious mind * Unconsciousness * Unconventional Action * Uncountable * Undecidable problem * Underconsumption * Underdetermination * Understanding * Understanding Consciousness * Undistributed middle * Undoing Gender * Unequal exchange * Unexpected hanging paradox * Unhappy consciousness * Unified science * Unified Science * Uniform Rights of the Terminally Ill Act * Uniformitarianism * Union flying squad * Unione Sindacale Italiana * Unique name assumption * Uniquely Inversible Grammar * Uniqueness quantification * Unit-point atomism * Unitarianism * Unitary urbanism * Unity in diversity * Unity of opposites * Unity of science * Unity of the proposition * Universal (metaphysics) * Universal characteristic * Universal class * Universal code (ethics) * Universal dialectic * Universal generalization * Universal grammar * Universal instantiation * Universal language * Universal law * Universal mind * Universal Natural History and Theory of Heaven * Universal pragmatics * Universal prescriptivism * Universal proposition * Universal quantification * Universal quantifier * Universal reason * Universal science * Universal value * Universalism * Universality (philosophy) * Universalizability * Universals * Universe * Universe of discourse * University of Constantinople * University Philosophical Society (Trinity College, Dublin) * Universology * Univocity * Unknowable * Unknown unknown * Unmoved mover * Unobservable * Unorganisation * Unrestricted grammar * Unsolved problems in philosophy * Untimely Meditations (Nietzsche) * Unweaving the Rainbow * Up Against the Wall Motherfuckers * Upadhi * Upanishads * Upaya * Upeksa * Urban secession * Urbano González Serrano * Urdoxa * Uri Gordon (anarchist), Uri Gordon * Uriel da Costa * Urso of Calabria * Ursula Wolf * Uruguayan Anarchist Federation * Use–mention distinction * Use of performance-enhancing drugs in sport * Use value * Useless rules * User illusion * Usury * Utah Phillips * Utamakura * Utilitarian bioethics * Utilitarianism * Utilitarianism (book) * Utility * Utility function * Utility monster * Utopia * Utopianism * Utpaladeva * Uttara Mimamsa * Utterance


V

* V (comics) * V for Vendetta * V. Y. Mudimbe * Vācaspati Miśra * Václav Bělohradský * Vacuous * Vacuous truth * Vagbhatananda Gurudevar * Vagrant predicate * Vagueness * Vaisesika * Vaiśesika * Vaisheshika * Val Plumwood * Valence effect * Valentin A. Bazhanov * Valentin Ferdinandovich Asmus * Valentinianism * Valentinus (Gnostic) * Valeriano Orobón Fernández * Validity (logic) * VALIS * Vallabha Acharya * Vallabhacharya * Valorisation * Value-form * Value (ethics) * Value added * Value judgment * Value of control * Value of Earth * Value of information * Value of life * Value pluralism * Value product * Value system * Value theory * Values * Vancouver guidelines * Vanishing mediator * Vanity * Vanja Sutlić * Varadaraja V. Raman * Varieties of democracy * Varlam Cherkezishvili * Vāsanā * Vasilii Rozanov * Vasilii Vasil'evich Rozanov * Vasily Jakovlevich Zinger * Vasily Nalimov * Vasily Rozanov * Vasubandhu * Vatsyayana * Vātsyāyana * Luc de Clapiers, marquis de Vauvenargues, Vauvenargues * Vazgen I * Veda * Vedanta * Vedānta * Vedas * Vegan Outreach * Veganarchism * Vegetarianism * veil of ignorance (philosophy), veil of ignorance * Veil of perception * Venn diagram * Vergangenheitsbewältigung * Verification and validation, Verification * Verification principle * Verification theory * Verificationism * Verisimilitude * Veritatis Splendor * Veritism * Vernon Lee * Verstehen * Vianney Décarie * Vice * Vices * Virtuous circle and vicious circle, Vicious circle * Vicious circle principle * Vicious regress * Victor Basch * Victor Cousin * Victor d'Hupay * Victor Dave * Victor Kraft * Victor Ovcharenko * Victor Reppert * Victor Robinson * Victoria Camps * Victoria Institute * Victoria, Lady Welby * Vienna Circle * Views from the Real World * Vigdis Songe-Møller * Vijnanabhiksu * Vijnanavada * Vijñānavāda * Viktor Grigoryevich Afanasyev * Vilém Flusser * Vilfredo Pareto * Vilhjálmur Árnason * Villa Amalia (Athens) * Vincent Cespedes * Vincent Descombes * Vincent F. Hendricks * Vincent Ferrer * Vincent Miceli * Vincenzo Gioberti * Vincible ignorance * Violence * Violinist (thought experiment) * Vipāka * Vipassana * Vipassanā * Vipassana movement * Virgil Aldrich * Virtù * Virtual (philosophy) * Virtue * Virtue epistemology * Virtue ethics * Virtue jurisprudence * Virtue theory * Virtues * Virtuous circle * Virtus (virtue) * Vishishtadvaita * Vishnu * Vision (religion) * Visions of Order * Vissarion Belinsky * Visual arts and design * Visual ethics * Visual literacy * Visual modularity * Visual reasoning * Visual rhetoric * Vital du Four * Vitalism * Vittorio Hösle * Vittorio Vettori * Vivekachudamani * Vladimir Dvorniković * Vladimir Hütt * Vladimir Il'ich Lenin * Vladimir Ilich Lenin * Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov Lenin * Vladimir Jankélévitch * Vladimir Lenin * Vladimir Odoevsky * Vladimir Solovyov (philosopher) * Void (Śūnyatā) * Voidism * Vojin Rakic * Volcano School * Volin * Volition (psychology), Volition * Volker Zotz * Voltaire * Voltairine de Cleyre * Voluntarism (metaphysics), Voluntarism * Voluntarism (action) * Voluntarism (metaphysics) * Voluntarism (theology) * Voluntary active euthanasia * Voluntary compliance * Voluntary euthanasia * Voluntary Socialism * Voluntaryism * Von Restorff effect * Voodoo science * Voting paradox * Vulnerability * Vyacheslav Ivanov (poet), Vyacheslav Ivanov * Vyasa * Vyasatirtha * Vydūnas


W

* W. B. Gallie * W. D. Ross * William Ernest Johnson, W. E. Johnson * W. Hugh Woodin * W. K. C. Guthrie * W.D. Ross * William Ernest Johnson, W.E. Johnson * Wabi-sabi * Wacker von Wackenfels * Wage labour * Wage slavery * Wagner controversies, Wagnerism * Waiting for Godot * Waking Life * Walda Heywat * Walden * Walking Stewart * Walpola Rahula * Walsall Anarchists * Walter Benjamin * Walter Berns * Walter Burley * Walter Charleton * Walter Chatton * Walter Dubislav * Walter Ehrlich * Walter Goodnow Everett * Walter J. Ong * Walter Kaufmann (philosopher) * Walter of Bruges * Walter of Mortagne * Walter of St Victor * Walter of Winterburn * Walter Pater * Walter Pitts * Walter S. Gamertsfelder * Walter Schulz (philosopher) * Walter Terence Stace * Wang Bi * Wang Ch'ung * Wang Chong * Wang Chuanshan * Wang Fu-chih * Wang Fu (philosopher) * Wang Fuzhi * Wang Ruoshui * Wang Yang-ming * Wang Yangming * War and peace * War and Peace * War and philosophy * War in the Age of Intelligent Machines * War of all against all * War of Anti-Christ with the Church and Christian Civilization * Ward Jones * Warren Ashby * Warren Buffett * Warren Goldfarb * Warren Shibles * Warwick Fox * Watchmaker analogy * Waterland (novel) * Watsuji Tetsuro * Watsuji Tetsurō * Wawrzyniec Grzymała Goślicki * Waynflete Professorship * We the Living * We will bury you * Weak agnosticism * Weak law of large numbers * Weak ontology * Weakness of will * Weber–Fechner law * Wei Wu Wei * Weighted context-free grammar * Welfare (financial aid) * Welfare economics * Welfare liberalism * Welfarism * Well-being * Well-formed formula * Well-founded phenomenon * Well-ordered set * Well ordered set * Well ordering * Well travelled road effect * Weltanschauung * Wen-tzu * Wendell Berry * Wenzi * Werner Erhard (book) * Werner Hamacher * Werner Heisenberg * Wesley C. Salmon * Wesley Newcomb Hohfeld * Wesley Salmon * Wesleyan Philosophical Society * Western Cape Anti-Eviction Campaign * Western painting * Western philosophy * Wetware (brain) * Well-formed formula, Wff * What Computers Can't Do * What I Believe (E. M. Forster essay), What I Believe * What Is Art? * What Is Literature? * What Is Property? * What Is This Thing Called Science? * What Is Your Dangerous Idea? * What should then be done O people of the East * What the Tortoise Said to Achilles * What We Believe But Cannot Prove * Wheel of life * When a white horse is not a horse * Where Mathematics Comes From * Whistleblower * White's Professor of Moral Philosophy * Whiteway Colony * Whitny Braun * Why I Am Not a Christian * Why Truth Matters * Widow's Walk (novel) * Wiener Moderne * Wilbur Marshall Urban * Wild law * Wildness * Wilfrid Desan * Wilfrid Sellars * Wilfrid Stalker Sellars * Wilhelm Dilthey * Wilhelm Gottlieb Tennemann * Wilhelm Heinrich Wackenroder * Wilhelm Homberg * Wilhelm Jerusalem * Wilhelm Maximilien Wundt * Wilhelm Ostwald * Wilhelm Reich * Wilhelm Schuppe * Wilhelm Traugott Krug * Wilhelm von Humboldt * Wilhelm Windelband * Wilhelm Wundt * Will (philosophy) * Will Durant * Will Kymlicka * Will to believe doctrine * Will to live * Will to power * Willard Van Orman Quine * Willem B. Drees * William A. Earle * William Alston * William Alvin Howard * William Angus Knight * William Barrett (philosopher) * William Bechtel * William Blackstone * William Buwalda * William C. Dowling * William C. Wimsatt * William Calvert Kneale * William Chillingworth * William Chittick * William Cleghorn * William Craig (philosopher) * William Crathorn * William David Ross * William de la Mare * William Desmond (philosopher) * William Drummond of Logiealmond * William Duncan (philosopher) * William E. Connolly * William E. Kaufman * William Ernest Hocking * William Ernest Johnson * William F. Vallicella * William Fontaine * William Frankena * William G. Lycan * William Galston * William Godwin * William Graham Sumner * Sir William Hamilton, 9th Baronet, William Hamilton * William Hare (philosopher) * William Hatcher Davis * William Herbert Dray * William Heytesbury * William Hirstein * William Irwin (philosopher) * William Irwin Thompson * William J. Richardson * William James * William James Lectures * William K. Frankena * William Kingdon Clifford * William Kneale * William Kurtz Wimsatt, Jr. * William L. Reese * William L. Rowe * William Lane Craig * William Law * William Lawvere * William Lee Bradley * William Lowe Bryan * William Lycan * William Mackintire Salter * William Manderstown * William McDougall (psychologist), William McDougall * William McDougall (psychologist) * William McNeill (philosopher) * William Mitchell (philosopher) * William Newton-Smith * William Occam * William Ockham * William of Alnwick * William of Auvergne (bishop) * William of Auvergne, Bishop of Paris * William of Auxerre * William of Champeaux * William of Conches * William of Falgar * William of Heytesbury * William of Lucca * William of Moerbeke * William of Ockham * William of Saint-Amour * William of Sherwood * William of Ware * William Paley * William Pepperell Montague * William Ralph Inge * William Ritchie Sorley * William S. Hatcher * William S. Sahakian * William Shaw (philosopher) * William Stanley Jevons * William Stoddart * William Sweet * William Temple (archbishop) * William Temple (logician) * William Thompson (Cork) * William Thompson (philosopher) * William Torrey Harris * William W. Tait * William Wallace (Scottish philosopher) * William Warren Bartley * William Whewell * William Wollaston * Wincenty Lutosławski * Wirth–Weber precedence relationship * Wirth syntax notation * Wisdom * Wisdom of repugnance * Wise old man * Wishful thinking * Wissenschaftslehre * Witelo * Witness argument * Wittgenstein's Beetle (and other classic thought experiments) * Wittgenstein's Mistress * Wittgenstein's Poker: The Story of a Ten-Minute Argument Between Two Great Philosophers * Wittgenstein (film) * Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language * Władysław Heinrich * Władysław Mieczysław Kozłowski * Władysław Tatarkiewicz * Władysław Weryho * Wolfgang Fritz Haug * Wolfgang Harich * Wolfgang Kohler * Wolfgang Köhler * Wolfgang Smith * Wolfgang Stegmüller * Wolfi Landstreicher * Womb Realm * WOMBLES * Women and children first (protocol) * Women in philosophy * Won Gwang * Wonch'uk * Wonchuk * Wonderism * Wonhyo * Wōnhyo * Woo Tsin-hang * Wooden iron * Word and Object * Word problem (computability) * Word sense * Work ethic * Work of art * Workerism * Workers' control * Workers' Initiative * Workers Solidarity * Workers Solidarity Alliance * Working hypothesis * Good works, Works * Works by Thomas Aquinas * Works of Love * Works of Madhvacharya * Anima mundi, World-soul * World (philosophy) * World communism * World Congress of Philosophy * World disclosure * World Hypotheses * World riddle * World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1999 protest activity * World view * Worldcentrism * Worldline * Worldview * Worse-than-average effect * Writing Sampler * Writings of Marcus Tullius Cicero * Wrong * Wrong direction * Wronger than wrong * Wú (negative) * Wu Enyu * Wu Qi * Wu wei * Wuji (philosophy) * Wuzhen pian


X

* Xavier Zubiri * Xeer * Xenarchus of Seleucia * Xeniades * Xenocrates * Xenophanes * Xenophilus * Xenophon * Xenotransplantation * Xi Kang * Xiaozi * Ximen Bao * Xiong Shili * Xu Ai * Xu Liangying * Xu Youyu * Xuanxue * Xuanzang * Xun Zi


Y

* Yaaqūb ibn Ishāq al-Kindī * Yabo * Yajnavalkya * Yale school (deconstruction) * Yamaga Sokō * Yamazaki Ansai * Yin and yang, Yang * Yang Chu * Yang Rongguo * Yang Xiong (author) * Yang Zhu * Yaron Brook * Yasovijaya * Ye Shi * Yehoshua Bar-Hillel * Yehouda Shenhav * Yan Yuan (Qing dynasty), Yen Yuan * Yeshayahu Leibowitz * Yi Ching * Yi Hwang * Yi I * Yi Saek * Yi Xing * Yi Yulgok * Yiannis N. Moschovakis * Yiannis Psychopedis * Yijing * Yin and yang * Yoga * Yogacara * Yogācāra Buddhism * Yogi Berra * Yohanan Alemanno * Yoichiro Murakami * Ti (concept), Yong * Yongjia School * Yorkshire Philosophical Society * You're either with us, or against us * Young Hegelians * Youssef Seddik (philosopher) * Yuga * Yumo Mikyo Dorje * Yunmen Wenyan * Yuquan Shenxiu * Yuri Matiyasevich * Yusuf Balasaghuni * Yves Brunsvick * Yves Simon (philosopher)


Z

* Zabalaza Anarchist Communist Federation * Zadig * Zaki Naguib Mahmoud * Zapatista Army of National Liberation * Zarathustra's roundelay * Thus Spoke Zarathustra, Zarathustra (fictional philosopher) * Zaum * Zermelo, ZC * Zdeněk Neubauer * Zeami Motokiyo * Zeigarnik effect * Zeitgeist * Zen * Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance * Zen and the Brain * Zenarchy * Zengcius * Zengzi * Zeno's paradoxes * Zeno of Citium * Zeno of Elea * Zeno of Sidon * Zeno of Tarsus * Zeno Vendler * Zenobius * Zenodotus (philosopher) * Zenon Pylyshyn * Zera Yacob (philosopher), Zera Yacob * Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory * Zero-risk bias * Zero-sum * Zeroth-order logic * Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory, ZF * ZFC * Zhan Ruoshui * Zhang Dongsun * Zhang Guoxiang * Zhang Heng * Zhang Zai * Zhao Tingyang * Zhe school (painting) * Zheng Xuan * Zhenren * Zhentong * Mencius (book), Zhi * Zhi Dun * Zhiyi * Doctrine of the Mean, Zhongyong * Zhou Dunyi * Zhou Guoping * Zhu Qianzhi * Zhu Xi * Zhu Xueqin * Zhuang Zhou, Zhuangzi * Zhuangzi (book) * Zi Chan * Zimboe * Zinaida Ignatyeva * Zine library * Zionism * Zisi * Zo d'Axa * Zofia Zdybicka * Zohar * Zoilus * Zollikon Seminars * Zombie * Zongmi * Zoran Đinđić * Zorn's lemma * Zoroaster * Zoroastrianism * Zou Yan * Zweckrationalität * Zygmunt Łempicki * Zygmunt Zawirski {{DEFAULTSORT:Index Of Philosophy Articles (R-Z) Indexes of philosophy topics, Philosophy