Hungarians ( hu, Szerbiai magyarok, sr, Мађари у Србији, Mađari u Srbiji) are the second-largest ethnic group in
Serbia
Serbia (, ; Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe, Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Pannonian Bas ...
. According to the 2011 census, there are 253,899 ethnic
Hungarians
Hungarians, also known as Magyars ( ; hu, magyarok ), are a nation and ethnic group native to Hungary () and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history, ancestry, and language. The Hungarian language belongs to the Urali ...
composing 3.5% of the population of Serbia.
The vast majority of them live in the northern autonomous province of
Vojvodina
Vojvodina ( sr-Cyrl, Војводина}), officially the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, is an autonomous province that occupies the northernmost part of Serbia. It lies within the Pannonian Basin, bordered to the south by the national capital ...
, where they number 251,136 or 13% of the province's population, and almost 99% of all Hungarians in Serbia. Most Hungarians in Serbia are
Roman Catholics
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
by faith, while smaller numbers of them are Protestant (mostly
Calvinist
Calvinism (also called the Reformed Tradition, Reformed Protestantism, Reformed Christianity, or simply Reformed) is a major branch of Protestantism that follows the theological tradition and forms of Christian practice set down by John Ca ...
).
Hungarian is listed as one of the six official languages of the
Vojvodina
Vojvodina ( sr-Cyrl, Војводина}), officially the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, is an autonomous province that occupies the northernmost part of Serbia. It lies within the Pannonian Basin, bordered to the south by the national capital ...
, an autonomous province that traditionally fosters
multilingualism
Multilingualism is the use of more than one language, either by an individual speaker or by a group of speakers. It is believed that multilingual speakers outnumber monolingual speakers in the world's population. More than half of all E ...
,
multiculturalism
The term multiculturalism has a range of meanings within the contexts of sociology, political philosophy, and colloquial use. In sociology and in everyday usage, it is a synonym for "Pluralism (political theory), ethnic pluralism", with the tw ...
and
multiconfessionalism
Multiconfessional countries have a power sharing arrangement between people of different faiths, usually three or more significant confessional groups within the same jurisdiction. Examples of modern countries deemed multiconfessional are Lebano ...
.
History
Parts of the
Vojvodina
Vojvodina ( sr-Cyrl, Војводина}), officially the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, is an autonomous province that occupies the northernmost part of Serbia. It lies within the Pannonian Basin, bordered to the south by the national capital ...
region were included in the medieval
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle Ages into the 20th century. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the coronation of the first king Stephen ...
in the 10th century, and
Hungarians
Hungarians, also known as Magyars ( ; hu, magyarok ), are a nation and ethnic group native to Hungary () and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history, ancestry, and language. The Hungarian language belongs to the Urali ...
then began to settle in the region, which before that time was mostly populated by
West Slavs
The West Slavs are Slavic peoples who speak the West Slavic languages. They separated from the common Slavic group around the 7th century, and established independent polities in Central Europe by the 8th to 9th centuries. The West Slavic lan ...
. During the Hungarian administration, Hungarians formed the largest part of the population in northern parts of the region, while southern parts were populated by sizable Slavic peoples. Following the
Ottoman conquest and inclusion of Vojvodina into the Ottoman Empire in the 16th century, most Hungarians fled the region. During Ottoman rule, the Vojvodina region was mostly populated by
Serbs
The Serbs ( sr-Cyr, Срби, Srbi, ) are the most numerous South Slavic ethnic group native to the Balkans in Southeastern Europe, who share a common Serbian ancestry, culture, history and language.
The majority of Serbs live in their na ...
and Muslim Slavs (
Great Migrations of the Serbs
The Great Migrations of the Serbs ( sr, Велике сеобе Срба), also known as the Great Exoduses of the Serbs, refers mainly to two large migrations of Serbs from various territories under the rule of the Ottoman Empire to regions u ...
). New Hungarian settlers started to come to the region with the establishment of the
Habsburg
The House of Habsburg (), alternatively spelled Hapsburg in Englishgerman: Haus Habsburg, ; es, Casa de Habsburgo; hu, Habsburg család, it, Casa di Asburgo, nl, Huis van Habsburg, pl, dom Habsburgów, pt, Casa de Habsburgo, la, Domus Hab ...
administration at the beginning of the 18th century, mostly after the
Peace of Passarowitz (Požarevac).
Settlement
Count
Imre Csáky settled Hungarians in his possessions in
Bačka
Bačka ( sr-cyrl, Бачка, ) or Bácska () is a geographical and historical area within the Pannonian Plain bordered by the river Danube to the west and south, and by the river Tisza to the east. It is divided between Serbia and Hunga ...
in 1712. In 1745, Hungarian colonists settled in
Senta
Senta ( sr-cyrl, Сента, ; Hungarian: ''Zenta'', ; Romanian: ''Zenta'') is a town and municipality located in the North Banat District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. It is situated on the bank of the Tisa river in the g ...
, in 1750 in
Topola
Topola ( sr-cyrl, Топола, ) is a town and municipality located in the Šumadija District of central Serbia. It was the place where Karađorđe, a Serbian revolutionary, was chosen as the leader of the First Serbian Uprising against the Ottom ...
, in 1752 in
Doroslovo
Doroslovo ( sr, Дорослово or Doroslovo, hu, Doroszló, hr, Doroslovo) is a village in Serbia. It is located in the municipality of Sombor, West Bačka District, Vojvodina province. The population of the village numbering 1,830 people ( ...
, in 1772 in
Bogojevo
Bogojevo ( sr-Cyrl, Богојево; hu, Gombos) is a village located in Odžaci municipality, West Bačka District, Serbia. The village has an ethnic Hungarian majority and its population numbering 1,744 people (as of 2011 census).
History
B ...
, in 1760 in
Stara Kanjiža, in 1764 in
Iđoš, in 1767 in
Petrovo Selo, in 1776 in
Martonoš
Martonoš ( sr-cyr, Мартонош, hu, Martonos, german: Martonosch, tr, Martonoş) is a village located in the Kanjiža municipality, in the North Banat District of Serbia. It is situated in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The village ...
, in 1786 in
Pačir
Pačir ( sr-cyr, Пачир: hu, Pacsér, hr, Pačir) is a village located in the municipality of Bačka Topola, Serbia. As of 2011 census, the village has 2,580 inhabitants, with Hungarians having the ethnic majority.
Demographics
As of 2011 ...
and
Ostojićevo
Ostojićevo (, hu, Tiszaszentmiklós) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Čoka municipality, North Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority (56.15%) with a present Hungarian minority (26.51%) and it ...
, in 1787 in
Piroš, and in 1789 in
Feketić
Feketić ( sr-cyr, Фекетић, hu, Bácsfeketehegy, german: Feketitsch or ) is a village located in the Mali Iđoš municipality, in the North Bačka District of Serbia. It is situated in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The village has ...
. Between 1782 and 1786, Hungarians settled in
Crvenka
Crvenka () is a small town located in the municipality of Kula in the West Bačka District, Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The town has a Serbian ethnic majority, and it had a population of 9,001 in 2011.
Name
In Serbian, th ...
and
Stara Moravica
Stara Moravica ( sr-cyr, Стара Моравица; hu, Bácskossuthfalva or ; german: Alt-Morawitza) is a village located in the Bačka Topola municipality, in the North Bačka District of Serbia. It is situated in the Autonomous Province of ...
, and in 1794 in
Kula.
Hungarians of Roman Catholic faith originated mostly from
Transdanubia
Transdanubia ( hu, Dunántúl; german: Transdanubien, hr, Prekodunavlje or ', sk, Zadunajsko :sk:Zadunajsko) is a traditional region of Hungary. It is also referred to as Hungarian Pannonia, or Pannonian Hungary.
Administrative divisions Trad ...
, while those of Protestant faith originated mostly from
Alföld
The Great Hungarian Plain (also known as Alföld or Great Alföld, hu, Alföld or ) is a plain occupying the majority of the modern territory of Hungary. It is the largest part of the wider Pannonian Plain. (However, the Great Hungarian plain ...
. Between 1751 and 1753, Hungarians settled in
Mol and
Ada
Ada may refer to:
Places
Africa
* Ada Foah, a town in Ghana
* Ada (Ghana parliament constituency)
* Ada, Osun, a town in Nigeria
Asia
* Ada, Urmia, a village in West Azerbaijan Province, Iran
* Ada, Karaman, a village in Karaman Province, ...
(Those originated mostly from
Szeged
Szeged ( , ; see also other alternative names) is the third largest city of Hungary, the largest city and regional centre of the Southern Great Plain and the county seat of Csongrád-Csanád county. The University of Szeged is one of the m ...
and
Jászság
Jászság ("Jaszygia", la, Jazigia) is a historical, ethnographical and geographical region in Hungary. Its territory is situated in the north-western part of the Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county. The main town in the region is Jászberény. Já ...
). In 1764–1767, Hungarians settled in
Subotica,
Bajmok
Bajmok ( sr-Cyrl, Бајмок; hu, Bajmok, ) is a village located in the municipality of Subotica, in the North Bačka District, Vojvodina, Serbia. The village is ethnically mixed and its population numbered 7,414 inhabitants as of 2011 census. ...
and
Čantavir
Čantavir ( sr, italic=yes, Čantavir or , hu, Csantavér, hr, Čantavir) is the largest village with Hungarian ethnic majority in the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. It is situated in the municipality of Subotica, North Bačka Dist ...
, and in 1770 again in
Kanjiža
Kanjiža ( sr-Cyrl, Кањижа, pronounced ) formerly Stara Kanjiža ( sr-cyrl, Стара Кањижа; yi, קניזשא; hu, Magyarkanizsa, formerly ''Kanizsa'') is a town and municipality located in the North Banat District of the autonomou ...
,
Mol,
Ada
Ada may refer to:
Places
Africa
* Ada Foah, a town in Ghana
* Ada (Ghana parliament constituency)
* Ada, Osun, a town in Nigeria
Asia
* Ada, Urmia, a village in West Azerbaijan Province, Iran
* Ada, Karaman, a village in Karaman Province, ...
and
Petrovo Selo, as well as in
Feldvarac,
Sentomaš and
Turija.
In
Banat
Banat (, ; hu, Bánság; sr, Банат, Banat) is a geographical and historical region that straddles Central and Eastern Europe and which is currently divided among three countries: the eastern part lies in western Romania (the counties of T ...
, the settling of Hungarians started later. In 1784 Hungarians settled in
Padej
Padej ( sr-cyr, Падеј; hu, Padé) is a village located in Čoka municipality, North Banat District, Vojvodina
Vojvodina ( sr-Cyrl, Војводина}), officially the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, is an autonomous province that oc ...
and
Nakovo
Nakovo ( sr-cyr, Наково) is a village located in the Kikinda municipality of the North Banat District of Serbia, in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. It is situated near the border with Romania. The population of the village numbers 2,4 ...
, in 1776 in
Torda, in 1786 in
Donji Itebej, in 1796 in
Beodra and
Čoka
Čoka ( sr-Cyrl, Чока, ; hu, Csóka, ; german: Tschoka; sk, Čoka) is a town and municipality located in the North Banat District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The town has a population of 4,028, while Čoka municipalit ...
, in 1782 in
Monoštor, in 1798 in
Mađarska Crnja, in 1773 in
Krstur and
Majdan, in 1774 in
Debeljača
Debeljača ( sr-cyr, Дебељача, ; hu, Torontálvásárhely) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Kovačica municipality, in the South Banat District, Vojvodina province.
Ethnic groups (2002 census)
The village has a Hungarian e ...
, in 1755–1760 in
Bečkerek
Zrenjanin ( sr-Cyrl, Зрењанин, ; hu, Nagybecskerek; ro, Becicherecu Mare; sk, Zreňanin; german: Großbetschkerek) is a city and the administrative center of the Central Banat District in the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbi ...
, and in 1766 in
Vršac
Vršac ( sr-cyr, Вршац, ; hu, Versec; ro, Vârșeț) is a city and the administrative centre of the South Banat District in the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. As of 2011, the city urban area had a population of 35,701, while ...
. In 1790, 14 Hungarian families from
Transylvania
Transylvania ( ro, Ardeal or ; hu, Erdély; german: Siebenbürgen) is a historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and south its natural border is the Carpathian Mountains, and to the west the Ap ...
settled in
Banat
Banat (, ; hu, Bánság; sr, Банат, Banat) is a geographical and historical region that straddles Central and Eastern Europe and which is currently divided among three countries: the eastern part lies in western Romania (the counties of T ...
.
In the 19th century, the Hungarian expansion increased. From the beginning of the century, the Hungarian individuals and small groups of settlers from
Alföld
The Great Hungarian Plain (also known as Alföld or Great Alföld, hu, Alföld or ) is a plain occupying the majority of the modern territory of Hungary. It is the largest part of the wider Pannonian Plain. (However, the Great Hungarian plain ...
constantly immigrating to
Bačka
Bačka ( sr-cyrl, Бачка, ) or Bácska () is a geographical and historical area within the Pannonian Plain bordered by the river Danube to the west and south, and by the river Tisza to the east. It is divided between Serbia and Hunga ...
. In the first half of the 19th century, larger and smaller groups of the colonists settled in
Mol (in 1805), as well as in
Feldvarac,
Temerin
Temerin ( sr-Cyrl, Темерин; hu, Temerin, ) is a town and municipality located in the South Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina in Serbia. The town has a population of 19,613, while the municipality has a population of ...
and
Novi Sad
Novi Sad ( sr-Cyrl, Нови Сад, ; hu, Újvidék, ; german: Neusatz; see below for other names) is the second largest city in Serbia and the capital of the autonomous province of Vojvodina. It is located in the southern portion of the Pan ...
(in 1806). In 1884, Hungarian colonists settled in
Šajkaška
Šajkaška (Шајкашка) is a historical region in northern Serbia. It is southeastern part of Bačka, located in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. Territory of Šajkaška is divided among four municipalities: Titel, Žabalj, Novi Sad, ...
and in
Mali Stapar near
Sombor
Sombor ( sr-Cyrl, Сомбор, ; hu, Zombor; rue, Зомбор, Zombor) is a city and the administrative center of the West Bačka District in the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The city has a total population of 47,623 (), while ...
. In 1889, Hungarians were settled in
Svilojevo near
Apatin
Apatin ( sr-cyrl, Апатин, hu, Apatin, hr, Apatin) is a town and municipality located in the West Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. As of 2011 census, the population of the town is 17,411, while the municipali ...
and in 1892 in
Gomboš, while another group settled in Gomboš in 1898. Many Hungarian settlers from Gomboš moved to
Bačka Palanka. After the abolishment of the
Military Frontier
The Military Frontier (german: Militärgrenze, sh-Latn, Vojna krajina/Vojna granica, Војна крајина/Војна граница; hu, Katonai határőrvidék; ro, Graniță militară) was a borderland of the Habsburg monarchy and l ...
, Hungarian colonists were settled in
Potisje
Potisje ( sr-cyr, Потисје) is the name of the Tisa river basin parts located in Serbia, in the autonomous province of Vojvodina. The river Tisa flow between Banat and Bačka regions.
Municipalities in Potisje
Municipalities in Bačka:
* K ...
,
Čurug
Čurug () is a village located in the municipality of Žabalj, Serbia. It is situated in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 8,166 inhabitants (as of 2011 census).
Name
In Se ...
,
Žabalj
Žabalj ( sr-cyrl, Жабаљ, ) is a town and municipality located in the South Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The town Žabalj has a population of 9,107 and the municipality Žabalj has a population of 25,777 ...
,
Šajkaški Sveti Ivan,
Titel
Titel ( sr-Cyrl, Тител, hu, Titel) is a town and municipality located in the South Bačka District of the province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The town of Titel has a population of 5,247, while the population of the municipality of Titel is 15, ...
and
Mošorin
Mošorin ( sr-cyr, Мошорин; hu, Mozsor) is a village located in the Titel municipality, South Bačka District, Vojvodina, Serbia. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 2,569 people (as of 2011 census).
His ...
. In 1883 around 1,000
Székely Hungarians settled in
Kula,
Stara Kanjiža,
Stari Bečej and
Titel
Titel ( sr-Cyrl, Тител, hu, Titel) is a town and municipality located in the South Bačka District of the province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The town of Titel has a population of 5,247, while the population of the municipality of Titel is 15, ...
.
In 1800, smaller groups of Hungarian colonists from Transdanubia settled in
Čoka
Čoka ( sr-Cyrl, Чока, ; hu, Csóka, ; german: Tschoka; sk, Čoka) is a town and municipality located in the North Banat District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The town has a population of 4,028, while Čoka municipalit ...
, while in the same time colonists from
Csanád
Csanád, also Chanadinus, or Cenad, was the first head ''(comes)'' of Csanád County in the Kingdom of Hungary in the first decades of the 11th century.
Csanád defeated and killed Ajtony who had ruled over the region now known as Banat (in Rom ...
and
Csongrád
Csongrád ( ro, Ciongrad; tr, Conğrad sr, Чонград, Čongrad, archaically also ''Црноград/Crnograd'') is a town in Csongrád County in southern Hungary.
History
At the time of the Hungarian Conquest (the end of 9th century) the ...
counties settled in the area around
Itebej and
Crnja, where they at first lived in scattered small settlements. Later they formed one single settlement –
Mađarska Crnja. In 1824, one group of colonists from
Čestereg
Čestereg ( sr-cyr, Честерег; hu, Csősztelek) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Žitište municipality, Central Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 1,391 p ...
also settled in
Mađarska Crnja. In 1829 Hungarians settled in
Mokrin
Mokrin ( sr-cyr, Мокрин) is the largest village in the Kikinda municipality, in the North Banat District of Serbia. It is situated in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The village has a Serb ethnic majority (83.47%) with a present R ...
, and in 1880 an even larger number of Hungarians settled in this municipality. In 1804, Hungarian colonists from Csongrád county settled in
Firiđhaza (which was then joined with
Turska Kanjiža), as well as in
Sajan
Sajan may refer to:
* Sajan (director)
Sajan is an Indian film director who works in Malayalam and Tamil films. Since the early 1980s he has directed some 30 films. He has also done many television serials and telefilms. Sajan's real name is S ...
and
Torda. Even a larger group of Hungarians from Csongrád settled in 1804 in
Debeljača
Debeljača ( sr-cyr, Дебељача, ; hu, Torontálvásárhely) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Kovačica municipality, in the South Banat District, Vojvodina province.
Ethnic groups (2002 census)
The village has a Hungarian e ...
. In 1817–1818 Hungarians settled in
Veliki Bikač, and in 1820–1840 smaller groups of Hungarians settled in
Vranjevo. In 1826, colonists from
Jászság
Jászság ("Jaszygia", la, Jazigia) is a historical, ethnographical and geographical region in Hungary. Its territory is situated in the north-western part of the Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county. The main town in the region is Jászberény. Já ...
and
Kunság
Kunság (german: Kumanien; la, Cumania) is a historical, ethnographic and geographical region in Hungary, corresponding to a former political entity created by and for the Cumans or Kuns. It is currently divided between the counties of Bács-K ...
settled in
Arač near
Beodra. In 1830, Hungarians from
Alföld
The Great Hungarian Plain (also known as Alföld or Great Alföld, hu, Alföld or ) is a plain occupying the majority of the modern territory of Hungary. It is the largest part of the wider Pannonian Plain. (However, the Great Hungarian plain ...
settled in
Veliki Lec, in 1831 in
Ostojićevo
Ostojićevo (, hu, Tiszaszentmiklós) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Čoka municipality, North Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority (56.15%) with a present Hungarian minority (26.51%) and it ...
, in 1832 in
Malenčino Selo near
Veliki Gaj, in 1839 and 1870 in
Padej
Padej ( sr-cyr, Падеј; hu, Padé) is a village located in Čoka municipality, North Banat District, Vojvodina
Vojvodina ( sr-Cyrl, Војводина}), officially the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, is an autonomous province that oc ...
, in 1840 in
Jermenovci and
Mađarski Sentmihalj, in 1840–1841 in
Dušanovac, in 1841 in
Hetin
Hetin ( sr-cyr, Хетин; hu, Tamásfalva or ; german: Hettin or ) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Žitište municipality, in the Central Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Hungarian ethnic majority (53.21%) ...
, in 1859 in
Sanad, in 1869 in
Đurđevo (later moved to Skorenovac), and in 1890 in
Gornja Mužlja. In 1883-1886,
Székely Hungarians from
Bukovina were settled in
Vojlovica,
Skorenovac
Skorenovac (Serbian language, Serbian: Скореновац; Hungarian language, Hungarian: ''Székelykeve''; German language, German: ''Skorenowatz,''; Banat Bulgarian language, Banat Bulgarian: ''Gjurgevo'') is a village located in the Kovin ...
,
Ivanovo and
Đurđevo. The total number of Székely colonists was 3,520.
In the southern region of
Srem
Syrmia ( sh, Srem/Срем or sh, Srijem/Сријем, label=none) is a region of the southern Pannonian Plain, which lies between the Danube and Sava rivers. It is divided between Serbia and Croatia. Most of the region is flat, with the ex ...
, the first Hungarian settlers moved there during the 1860s from neighbouring counties, especially from Bačka.
According to the 1900 census, the Hungarians were the largest ethnic group in the
Bács-Bodrog County and made up 42.7% in the population (the second largest were
Germans
, native_name_lang = de
, region1 =
, pop1 = 72,650,269
, region2 =
, pop2 = 534,000
, region3 =
, pop3 = 157,000
3,322,405
, region4 =
, pop4 = ...
with 25.1%, and the third largest group were Serbs with 18.2%). The Hungarians were third largest group in the
Torontál County
Torontál (, , , ) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now divided between Serbia and Romania, except for a small area which is part of Hungary. The capital of the county was Nagybecskerek (, , ), t ...
(West Banat) with 18.8% (after Serbs with 31.5% and Germans with 30,2%).
In the next census, in 1910, the Hungarians were the largest group in the
Bács-Bodrog County with 44,8% in the population (followed by Germans with 23.5% and Serbs with 17.9%), and the third largest in the Torontál County with 20.9% (Serbs with 32.5%, Germans with 26.9%).
The new temporary borders established in 1918 and permanent ones defined by the
Treaty of Trianon
The Treaty of Trianon (french: Traité de Trianon, hu, Trianoni békeszerződés, it, Trattato del Trianon) was prepared at the Paris Peace Conference and was signed in the Grand Trianon château in Versailles on 4 June 1920. It forma ...
in 1920 put an end to Hungarian immigration. After
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...
, present-day Vojvodina was included into the newly formed
Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes
The Kingdom of Yugoslavia ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Kraljevina Jugoslavija, Краљевина Југославија; sl, Kraljevina Jugoslavija) was a state in Southeast and Central Europe that existed from 1918 until 1941. From 1918 ...
(later known as the
Kingdom of Yugoslavia
The Kingdom of Yugoslavia ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Kraljevina Jugoslavija, Краљевина Југославија; sl, Kraljevina Jugoslavija) was a state in Southeast Europe, Southeast and Central Europe that existed from 1918 unt ...
), and many Hungarians of Vojvodina wanted to live in the post-Trianon Hungarian state; thus, some of them immigrated to Hungary, which was a destination for several emigration waves of Hungarians from Vojvodina. As a result, the interwar period was generally marked by a stagnation of the Hungarian population. They numbered around 363,000 (1921 census) – 376,000 (1931 census), and they constituted about 23-24% of the entire population of Vojvodina. The outbreak of the
Second World War
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
caused some changes in population numbers, but more importantly, it created tensions between the Hungarian and Serb communities.
World War II
With the onset of World War II, the Hungarian-Serb relations were low.
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...
, in accordance to its "
Operation Punishment
Operation Retribution (german: Unternehmen Strafgericht), also known as Operation Punishment, was the April 1941 German bombing of Belgrade, the capital of Yugoslavia, in retaliation for the coup d'état that overthrew the government that had ...
" plan,
invaded Yugoslavia, and subsequently, Axis Hungarian forces occupied Bačka. Hungary annexed this region, and it was settled by new Hungarian settlers, at which time the number of Hungarians in the area grew considerably. In contrast, at the same time, many Serbs were expelled from Bačka. The brutal conduct of the Axis Hungarian occupying forces, including the Hungarian army and
Royal Hungarian Gendarmes, has polarized both Hungarian and Serb communities. Under the Axis Hungarian authority, 19,573 people were killed in Bačka, of which the majority of victims were of Serb,
Jewish
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...
and
Romani
Romani may refer to:
Ethnicities
* Romani people, an ethnic group of Northern Indian origin, living dispersed in Europe, the Americas and Asia
** Romani genocide, under Nazi rule
* Romani language, any of several Indo-Aryan languages of the Roma ...
origin.
Although most of the local Hungarian population supported Hungarian Axis authorities, some other local Hungarians opposed Axis rule and fought against it together with Serbs and other peoples of Vojvodina in the
Partisan resistance movement organized by the
Communist Party
A communist party is a political party that seeks to realize the socio-economic goals of communism. The term ''communist party'' was popularized by the title of ''The Manifesto of the Communist Party'' (1848) by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. A ...
. In some places of Vojvodina (
Bačka Topola
Bačka Topola ( sr-Cyrl, Бачка Топола, ; hu, Topolya, ) is a town and municipality located in the North Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The municipality is composed of 23 local communities and has a po ...
,
Senta
Senta ( sr-cyrl, Сента, ; Hungarian: ''Zenta'', ; Romanian: ''Zenta'') is a town and municipality located in the North Banat District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. It is situated on the bank of the Tisa river in the g ...
), most of the members of the communist party were ethnic Hungarians. In
Subotica, the party secretary and most of the leadership were either ethnic Hungarians or Hungarian-speaking Jews. In the Bačka Topola municipality, 95% of communists were ethnic Hungarians. One of the leaders of the partisan resistance movement in Vojvodina was
Erne Kiš, an ethnic Hungarian, who was captured by the Axis authorities, sentenced to death by the court in
Szeged
Szeged ( , ; see also other alternative names) is the third largest city of Hungary, the largest city and regional centre of the Southern Great Plain and the county seat of Csongrád-Csanád county. The University of Szeged is one of the m ...
and executed.
Among the other actions of the resistance movement, the first
corn stacks were burned near
Futog
Futog (, German and hu, Futak) is a suburban settlement of the city of Novi Sad, Serbia, with a population of 18,642 according to the 2011 census in Serbia. It is situated in southern Bačka, 7 km away from Novi Sad.
Name
''Terra que Futog et ...
by five communists, of whom two were ethnic Hungarians – brothers
Antal Nemet and
Đerđ Nemet. Antal was killed there, together with his Serb comrade, fighting against gendarmes. At the same time, his brother was captured and killed in Novi Sad because he refused to reveal any information about the resistance movement. The corn stacks were soon also burned near Subotica. The communists that burned these corn stacks were arrested, tortured and sent to court. Two of them were sentenced to death (
Ferenc Hegediš and
Jožef Liht), while five others were sentenced to prison (because they were underage).
The Axis authorities also arrested a sizable number of Hungarian communists in Bačka Topola, Čantavir, Senta, Subotica and Novi Sad. Many of them were sent to the investigation centre in Bačka Topola, where some were killed, while some committed suicide. Among those Hungarian communists who were sent to the centre were
Otmar Majer
Othmar, also spelled Otmar or Ottmar, is a masculine German given name, derived from the Germanic name ''Audamar'', from the elements ''aud'' "wealth, prosperity" and ''mar'' "fame".
Notable people with the name include:
* Saint Othmar
*Othmar A ...
,
Đula Varga,
Pal Karas
Phase Alternating Line (PAL) is a colour encoding system for analogue television. It was one of three major analogue colour television standards, the others being NTSC and SECAM. In most countries it was broadcast at 625 lines, 50 fields (25 ...
and
Janoš Koči. Because of the size of the communist movement among Hungarians, new investigation centres were opened in Čantavir, Senta, Ada and Subotica. In the investigation centre in Subotica, almost 1,000 people were tortured, and part of them killed, among whom were
Maćaš Vuković and
Daniel Sabo
Daniel is a masculine given name and a surname of Hebrew origin. It means "God is my judge"Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxford University Press, 2nd edition, , p. 68. (cf. Gabriel—"God is my strength"), ...
. Among those communists sentenced to death were Otmar Majer,
Rokuš Šimoković and
Ištvan Lukač from Subotica,
Peter Molnar from Senta, as well as Đula Varga,
Rudi Klaus, Pal Karas and Janoš Koči from Novi Sad. In
Petrovo Selo,
Mihalj Šamu was killed during his attempt to escape. These actions of the Axis authorities were a hard strike on the resistance movement in Bačka, especially on its Hungarian component. The Hungarian component of the resistance movement was struck so hard that it could not recover until the war's end.
In 1944, the
Soviet
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nation ...
Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, after ...
and the Yugoslav partisan took control of Vojvodina. New communist authorities initiated purges against one part of the local population that either collaborated with the
Axis
An axis (plural ''axes'') is an imaginary line around which an object rotates or is symmetrical. Axis may also refer to:
Mathematics
* Axis of rotation: see rotation around a fixed axis
* Axis (mathematics), a designator for a Cartesian-coordinat ...
authorities or was viewed as a threat to the new regime (see:
Communist purges in Serbia in 1944–1945). During this time, Partisans brutally massacred about 40,000 Hungarian civilians. In October 1944, 3,000 inhabitants of Hungarian nationality in Srbobran were executed by the Serbian communist partisans from the village of 18,000 inhabitants.
In Bečej killing of the Hungarians began on 9 October 1944. In the city of Sombor in October 1944, the murdering of the Hungarians started at once based on the death list previously made. The Hungarians were taken to the Palace of Kronich. Next to the race-course, the common graves were dug in which 2,500 Hungarians were buried. Several other common graves can be found in the outside districts of the city. The inhabitants of the Hungarian city were fully exterminated. In total, 5,650 Hungarians were executed. A Soviet officer in
Temerin
Temerin ( sr-Cyrl, Темерин; hu, Temerin, ) is a town and municipality located in the South Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina in Serbia. The town has a population of 19,613, while the municipality has a population of ...
prevented the extirpation of the whole Hungarian population of the village. Hungarian human loss of the village was 480 people. During the first week, about 1500 Hungarians were shot down into the
Danube
The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , p ...
in
Novi Sad
Novi Sad ( sr-Cyrl, Нови Сад, ; hu, Újvidék, ; german: Neusatz; see below for other names) is the second largest city in Serbia and the capital of the autonomous province of Vojvodina. It is located in the southern portion of the Pan ...
under the leadership of
Todor Gavrilović. On 3 November 1944 in
Bezdan
Bezdan ( sr-cyr, Бездан; hu, Bezdán, hr, Bezdan, german: Besdan) is a village located in Bačka, Vojvodina, Serbia. It is situated in the Sombor municipality, West Bačka District. The village has a Hungarian ethnic majority and its po ...
, Hungarian male inhabitants of the village between 16 and 50 years were driven to a sports ground. 118 men were shot down by machine pistol to the Danube. 2830 Serbian communist partisans who made the murder belonged to the 12th "Udarna" Brigade of the
51st Division. Strangely, the
Soviet officers stopped further executions as they were also horrified at the massacre. On 3 December 1944, 56 Hungarian citizens were executed on the bank of the
Tisza
The Tisza, Tysa or Tisa, is one of the major rivers of Central and Eastern Europe. Once, it was called "the most Hungarian river" because it flowed entirely within the Kingdom of Hungary. Today, it crosses several national borders.
The Tisza be ...
river in
Adorjan
Adorjan ( sr-cyr, Адорјан, hu, Adorján) is a village in Serbia. It is located in the Kanjiža municipality, in the North Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Hungarian ethnic majority (74.91%) and a population of 1,128 ...
. In
Žabalj
Žabalj ( sr-cyrl, Жабаљ, ) is a town and municipality located in the South Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The town Žabalj has a population of 9,107 and the municipality Žabalj has a population of 25,777 ...
, 2,000 Hungarian citizens were killed.
In
Subotica during the 1944-45 period, about 8,000 citizens (mainly Hungarian) were killed by
Yugoslav Partisans
The Yugoslav Partisans,Serbo-Croatian, Macedonian, Slovene: , or the National Liberation Army, sh-Latn-Cyrl, Narodnooslobodilačka vojska (NOV), Народноослободилачка војска (НОВ); mk, Народноослобод ...
as retribution for supporting Hungary re-taking the city. At the end of the war, detachments of Serbian Partisans occupied
Čurug
Čurug () is a village located in the municipality of Žabalj, Serbia. It is situated in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 8,166 inhabitants (as of 2011 census).
Name
In Se ...
and murdered 3000 local ethnic Hungarian residents. The surviving ethnic Hungarian residents of the village were deported to detention camps and were never allowed to return. Ethnic Hungarians Germans were declared to be collaborators or exploiters. Those suspected of not supporting the emerging
Communist regime
A communist state, also known as a Marxist–Leninist state, is a one-party state that is administered and governed by a communist party guided by Marxism–Leninism. Marxism–Leninism was the state ideology of the Soviet Union, the Cominte ...
or who belonged to a "wrong" ethnic group were the targets of persecution.
After World War II
Since the end of the Second World War, the Hungarian population has been steadily declining, mainly due to low birth rates and emigration. In 1974, the Yugoslav constitution was modified, giving Vojvodina a very high autonomy and local Hungarians participated in Vojvodinian provincial administration. The Hungarians were also allowed to keep their culture and language alive; they had their own schools and cultural institutions. During the reign of
Josip Broz Tito
Josip Broz ( sh-Cyrl, Јосип Броз, ; 7 May 1892 – 4 May 1980), commonly known as Tito (; sh-Cyrl, Тито, links=no, ), was a Yugoslav communist revolutionary and statesman, serving in various positions from 1943 until his deat ...
, life in Vojvodina was peaceful for Hungarians and others. The Yugoslav authorities heavily cracked down on single nations' nationalist activity.
As the
Yugoslav Wars
The Yugoslav Wars were a series of separate but related Naimark (2003), p. xvii. ethnic conflicts, wars of independence, and insurgencies that took place in the SFR Yugoslavia from 1991 to 2001. The conflicts both led up to and resulted from ...
of the 1990s were raging, more Hungarians left Vojvodina. One of the reasons for this emigration was the country's ruined economy and the inability of employment, which was why many Serbs and others also emigrated from Vojvodina. Although the province was peaceful and calm compared to other areas of Yugoslavia, some Hungarians felt threatened, especially because Vojvodina was near the front lines during the
War in Croatia
The Croatian War of Independence was fought from 1991 to 1995 between Croat forces loyal to the Government of Croatia—which had declared independence from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY)—and the Serb-controlled Yugosl ...
. With an emigration of Hungarians from Vojvodina, one part of their former houses was used to resettle refugees from other parts of the former Yugoslavia. This created a change in the ethnic structure in some parts of the region. The Hungarian population has fallen from 340,946 (16.9%) in 1991, to 290,207 (14.28%) in 2002. In recent years (mostly in 2004 and 2005), some members of the ethnic Hungarian community have sometimes been the targets of anti-Hungarian sentiment.
Today, many Hungarians in Vojvodina want their political rights to be extended. Some local Hungarian politicians proposing the creation of a new autonomous region in the northern part of Vojvodina inhabited mainly by Hungarians (see:
Hungarian Regional Autonomy
The Hungarian Regional Autonomy ( hu, Magyar Körzeti Önkormányzat) is the name of a proposed new administrative unit in the northern part of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina in Serbia.
It forms a part of the political program of the Allia ...
). They also want to attain Hungarian citizenship without being Hungarian residents, as this would automatically make them
EU citizens, giving them many benefits. However, a referendum on this issue in Hungary failed. The political future of Vojvodinian Hungarians is uncertain, as their community is characterized by low birth rates and a dwindling population – according to some demographic predictions, Hungarians of Vojvodina will probably lose ethnic majority/plurality in some municipalities and sizable towns. Still, they will certainly remain in the majority in others. Thus, while Hungarians will remain a notable ethnic group in the northern part of Vojvodina, partial demographic changes in the area will probably reduce the demands of local Hungarian politicians for territorial autonomy or at least for wide territorial extension of the proposed Hungarian autonomous region.
Demographics
Almost all Hungarians in Serbia are to be found in
Vojvodina
Vojvodina ( sr-Cyrl, Војводина}), officially the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, is an autonomous province that occupies the northernmost part of Serbia. It lies within the Pannonian Basin, bordered to the south by the national capital ...
, and especially in its northern part (
North Bačka and
North Banat districts, respectively) where majority (57.17%) of them live.
Hungarians in the five municipalities form the absolute majority:
Kanjiža
Kanjiža ( sr-Cyrl, Кањижа, pronounced ) formerly Stara Kanjiža ( sr-cyrl, Стара Кањижа; yi, קניזשא; hu, Magyarkanizsa, formerly ''Kanizsa'') is a town and municipality located in the North Banat District of the autonomou ...
(85.13%),
Senta
Senta ( sr-cyrl, Сента, ; Hungarian: ''Zenta'', ; Romanian: ''Zenta'') is a town and municipality located in the North Banat District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. It is situated on the bank of the Tisa river in the g ...
(79.09%),
Ada
Ada may refer to:
Places
Africa
* Ada Foah, a town in Ghana
* Ada (Ghana parliament constituency)
* Ada, Osun, a town in Nigeria
Asia
* Ada, Urmia, a village in West Azerbaijan Province, Iran
* Ada, Karaman, a village in Karaman Province, ...
(75.04%),
Bačka Topola
Bačka Topola ( sr-Cyrl, Бачка Топола, ; hu, Topolya, ) is a town and municipality located in the North Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The municipality is composed of 23 local communities and has a po ...
(57.94%), and
Mali Iđoš
Mali Iđoš ( sr-cyrl, Мали Иђош, ; hu, Kishegyes, ) is a village and municipality located in the North Bačka District of the autonomous province Vojvodina, Serbia. The municipality comprises three local communities and has a population ...
(53.91%). The ethnically mixed municipalities with relative Hungarian majority are
Čoka
Čoka ( sr-Cyrl, Чока, ; hu, Csóka, ; german: Tschoka; sk, Čoka) is a town and municipality located in the North Banat District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The town has a population of 4,028, while Čoka municipalit ...
(49.66%),
Bečej
Bečej ( sr-cyrl, Бечеј, ; hu, Óbecse, ) is a town and municipality located in the South Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The town has a population of 23,895, while the municipality has 37,351 inhabitants. I ...
(46.34%) and
Subotica (35.65%). The multiethnic city of Subotica is a cultural and political centre for the Hungarians in Serbia. Protestant Hungarians form the plurality or majority of population in the settlements of
Stara Moravica
Stara Moravica ( sr-cyr, Стара Моравица; hu, Bácskossuthfalva or ; german: Alt-Morawitza) is a village located in the Bačka Topola municipality, in the North Bačka District of Serbia. It is situated in the Autonomous Province of ...
,
Pačir
Pačir ( sr-cyr, Пачир: hu, Pacsér, hr, Pačir) is a village located in the municipality of Bačka Topola, Serbia. As of 2011 census, the village has 2,580 inhabitants, with Hungarians having the ethnic majority.
Demographics
As of 2011 ...
,
Feketić
Feketić ( sr-cyr, Фекетић, hu, Bácsfeketehegy, german: Feketitsch or ) is a village located in the Mali Iđoš municipality, in the North Bačka District of Serbia. It is situated in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The village has ...
,
Novi Itebej
Novi Itebej ( sr-cyr, Нови Итебеј, hu, Magyarittabé, german: Neu Itebe) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Žitište municipality, in the Central Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Hungarian ethnic majori ...
and
Debeljača
Debeljača ( sr-cyr, Дебељача, ; hu, Torontálvásárhely) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Kovačica municipality, in the South Banat District, Vojvodina province.
Ethnic groups (2002 census)
The village has a Hungarian e ...
.
File:Hungarians in vojvodina2002.png, Percentual participation of Hungarians in Vojvodina according to the 2002 census (municipality data)
File:Vojvodina ethnic2011 hungarians.png, Percentual participation of Hungarians in Vojvodina according to the 2011 census (municipality data)
File:Subotica ethnic mun.png, Ethnic map of the Subotica municipality showing the location of settlements with Hungarian majority
File:Backa topola mun ethnic.png, Ethnic map of the Bačka Topola municipality showing the location of settlements with Hungarian majority
File:Mali idjos ethnic.png, Ethnic map of the Mali Iđoš municipality showing the location of settlements with Hungarian majority
Religion
According to the 2011 Census, most Hungarians are part of the
Catholic Church in Serbia
The Catholic Church in Serbia ( sr, Католичка црква у Србији, Katolička crkva u Srbiji) is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome. There are 356,957 Catholics in Serbia accor ...
(224,291 people, or 88.3% of all Hungarian people).
[ Population by national affiliation and religion, Census 201]
/ref> Around 6.2% belong to various forms of Protestantism in Serbia, Protestantism and a much smaller number is part of the Eastern Orthodox Church
The Eastern Orthodox Church, also called the Orthodox Church, is the second-largest Christian church, with approximately 220 million baptized members. It operates as a communion of autocephalous churches, each governed by its bishops via ...
(1.2%).
Politics
There are five main ethnic Hungarian political parties in Vojvodina:
*Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians
The Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians ( hu, Vajdasági Magyar Szövetség; sr, Савез војвођанских Мађара, Savez vojvođanskih Mađara; abbr. СВМ, SVM, or VMSZ) is a regionalist political party in Serbia representing th ...
, led by István Pásztor
* Democratic Community of Vojvodina Hungarians, led by Áron Csonka Áron Csonka ( sr-cyr, Арон Чонка, Aron Čonka; born 25 November 1976) is a politician in Serbia from the country's Hungarian national minority community. Since 2010, he has been the leader of the Democratic Fellowship of Vojvodina Hungari ...
*Democratic Party of Vojvodina Hungarians
Democratic Party of Vojvodina Hungarians (, VMDP, , DSVM) is a political party in Serbia representing the Hungarian minority. It advocates for a "personal autonomy" for Hungarians in Vojvodina. It is led by Béla Csorba.
Electoral results
Parli ...
, led by András Ágoston
* Civic Alliance of Hungarians, led by László Rác Szabó
László Rác Szabó (born 12 May 1957 in Senta, Serbia, Yugoslavia) is an ethnic Hungarian politician in Serbia
Serbia (, ; Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeastern and ...
* Movement of Hungarian Hope, led by Bálint László
These parties advocate establishing territorial autonomy for Hungarians in the northern part of Vojvodina, which would include the municipalities with a Hungarian majority.
Culture
Media
* Magyar Szó
''Magyar Szó'' (lit. ''Hungarian Word'') is a Hungarian-language daily newspaper in Vojvodina, Serbia. It was founded in 1944, with the purpose of serving as the information source for the Hungarian minority of Vojvodina. It is published in No ...
, a Hungarian-language daily newspaper published in Subotica
* Radio Television of Vojvodina
Radio is the technology of signaling and communicating using radio waves. Radio waves are electromagnetic waves of frequency between 30 hertz (Hz) and 300 gigahertz (GHz). They are generated by an electronic device called a tra ...
broadcasts program in 10 local languages, including daily radio and TV shows in Hungarian language.
*''Délmagyarország'' ("Southern Hungary") was a Hungarian-language daily newspaper. The first issue was published on March 14, 1909, to serve as the information source for the Hungarian language-speaking population in Bács-Bodrog County within the Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle Ages into the 20th century. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the coronation of the first king Stephen ...
in Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of ...
. It was published in Subotica. The last issue of Délmagyarország was on June 27, 1909. Its editor-in-chief was Henrik Braun.
Notable people
Born before 1920 in the Kingdom of Hungary
* Catherine
Katherine, also spelled Catherine, and other variations are feminine names. They are popular in Christian countries because of their derivation from the name of one of the first Christian saints, Catherine of Alexandria.
In the early Christ ...
, Queen consort of Serbia
This is a list of consorts of Serbian monarchs during the history of Serbia.
Middle Ages Princess- and Grand Princess consorts (–1217)
Queen consorts Nemanjić dynasty (1217–1365)
Empress consorts Nemanjić dynasty (1346–71)
Magn ...
* Elizabeth
Elizabeth or Elisabeth may refer to:
People
* Elizabeth (given name), a female given name (including people with that name)
* Elizabeth (biblical figure), mother of John the Baptist
Ships
* HMS ''Elizabeth'', several ships
* ''Elisabeth'' (sch ...
, Queen consort of Serbia
* Paul Abraham
Paul Abraham ( hu, Ábrahám Pál, links=no; 2 November 1892 – 6 May 1960) was a Jewish-Hungarian composer of operettas, who scored major successes in the German-speaking world. His specialty – and own innovation – was the insertion of ...
, Jewish-Hungarian composer of operettas
* Géza Allaga
Géza Allaga (1841 – 19 March 1913) was a Hungarian composer, cellist and cymbalist. He was a member of the Hungarian Royal Opera orchestra and published ''Cimbalom'', his first textbook on the subject before 1889.
References
External li ...
, Hungarian composer, cellist and cimbalis
* József Bittenbinder
József () is a Hungarian masculine given name. It is the Hungarian name equivalent to Joseph.
Notable people bearing this name include:
* József Braun (also known as József Barna; 1901–1943), Hungarian Olympic footballer
* József Cserm ...
, Hungarian gymnast who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics
* Ugrin Csák
Ugrin (III) from the kindred Csák ( hu, Csák nembeli (III.) Ugrin, hr, Ugrin Čak, sr, Угрин Чак; died in 1311) was a prominent Hungarian baron and oligarch in the early 14th century. He was born into an ancient Hungarian clan. He ac ...
, Hungarian nobleman and oligarch in the early 14th century
* Géza Csáth, physician, writer
* József Törley
József Törley (10 January 1858 – 28 July 1907) is credited as having established one of the most successful brands of sparkling wine outside of the Champagne region in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
In the 19th century, production of ...
, sparkling-wine producer
* István Donogán, Hungarian track and field athlete
* József Hátszeghy, Hungarian fencer
* Ferenc Herczeg
Ferenc Herczeg (born ''Franz Herzog'', 22 September 1863 in Versec, Kingdom of Hungary, Austrian Empire – 24 February 1954 in Budapest, Hungary) was a Hungarian playwright and author who promoted conservative nationalist opinion in his coun ...
, playwright and author who promoted conservative nationalist opinion in his country
* Tibor Harsányi
Tibor Harsányi (June 27, 1898 in Magyarkanizsa, Kingdom of Hungary – September 19, 1954 in Paris) was a Hungarian-born composer and pianist.
He studied at the Budapest Conservatory under Zoltán Kodály. He toured as a pianist around Europe ...
, composer and pianist
* Alexander Kasza, World War I flying ace credited with six aerial victories
* Dezső Kosztolányi
Dezső Kosztolányi (; March 29, 1885 – November 3, 1936) was a Hungarian writer, journalist, translator and also a speaker of Esperanto. He wrote in all literary genres, from poetry to essays to theatre plays. Building his own style, he used ...
, one of the most renowned Hungarian-language writer
* Vilmos Lázár
Vilmos Lázár de Szkáros (24 October 1817, Nagybecskerek (present-day Zrenjanin, Serbia) – 6 October 1849, Arad) was a honvéd colonel in the Hungarian Army. He was executed for his part in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, and is conside ...
, Hungarian general, one of the 13 Martyrs of Arad
* András Littay
András Littay (15 August 1884 Szabadka (Subotica), Austria-Hungary – 21 July 1967 Melbourne, Australia) was a Hungarian General during World War II. He was professor at the Budapest Military Academy and Commander of the VII Army Corps, ...
, Hungarian General during World War II
* Endre Madarász, Hungarian track and field athlete
* László Moholy-Nagy
László Moholy-Nagy (; ; born László Weisz; July 20, 1895 – November 24, 1946) was a Hungarian painter and photographer as well as a professor in the Bauhaus school. He was highly influenced by constructivism and a strong advocate of the i ...
, Hungarian painter and photographer, a notable professor of the Bauhaus school
* Károly Molter, Hungarian novelist
* Gyula Ortutay, Hungarian politician in FKGP
* Gyula Pártos, Hungarian architect
* Ferenc Rákosi, Hungarian field handball player who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics
* Mátyás Rákosi
Mátyás Rákosi (; born Mátyás Rosenfeld; 9 March 1892
– 5 February 1971) was a Hungarian communis ...
, Communist leader of Hungary
* Jenő Rátz, Hungarian military officer
* Michael Szilágyi
Michael Szilágyi de Horogszeg ( hu, horogszegi Szilágyi Mihály; c. 1400 – 1460) was a Hungarian general, Regent of Hungary, Count of Beszterce and Head of Szilágyi–Hunyadi Liga.
Family
He was born in the early 15th century as vice ...
, general and Regent of Hungary in 1458
* Carl von Than
Károly Antal Than de Apát – also called as Carl von Than – (20 December 1834 – 5 July 1908) was a Hungarian chemist who discovered carbonyl sulfide in 1867.
Life
AKároly Than was born in Óbecse, Kingdom of Hungary, Austrian Empire (t ...
, Hungarian chemist
* Mór Than
Mór Than (; 19 June 1828 – 11 March 1899) was a Hungarian painter. He painted in the Realist school and worked with several high-profile Hungarian and Austrian painters of his time. He travelled around Italy, in France and his native Hu ...
, Hungarian painter
* József Vértesy
József Vértesy (19 February 1901 – 21 December 1983) was a Hungarian water polo player who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics, in the 1928 Summer Olympics, and in the 1932 Summer Olympics. Born in Zombor, Austria-Hungary (toda ...
, Hungarian water polo player
* Jenő Vincze
Jenő Vincze ''( sr, Eugen Vince)'' (20 November 1908 – 20 November 1988) was a Hungarian footballer and a legend of Újpest FC, most famous for playing for the Hungarian national team in the 1938 World Cup Final.
Vincze started playing foo ...
, Hungarian footballer and a legend of Újpest
Újpest (; german: Neu-Pest, en, New Pest) is the 4th District in Budapest, Hungary. It is located on the left bank of the Danube River. The name Újpest means "New Pest" because the city was formed on the border of the city of Pest, Hungary i ...
, playing for the national team in the 1938 World Cup Final
* Henrik Werth
Henrik Werth (26 December 1881 – 28 May 1952) was a Hungarian military officer, who served as Chief of Army Staff during World War II.
Biography
Henrik Werth was born in Rezsőháza, Hungary ( Knićanin, today in Serbia), on 26 December 18 ...
, Hungarian military officer
Born after 1920 in Yugoslavia and Serbia
* Dalma Ružičić-Benedek
Dalma Ružičić-Benedek ( sr-cyr, Далма Ружичић-Бенедек, born 21 February 1982) is a Hungarian-born Serbian sprint canoer who has competed since 2003. She won twelve medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with s ...
, Hungarian-born sprint canoer
* Aranka Binder
Aranka Binder ( sr-cyrl, Аранка Биндер; born 19 June 1966) is a Serbian sport shooter of Hungarian ethnicity. She won a bronze medal in Women's Air Rifle in the 1992 Summer Olympics
The 1992 Summer Olympics ( es, Juegos Olímp ...
, sport shooter, bronze medal winner in Women's Air Rifle in the 1992 Summer Olympics
* Tamara Boros, Croatian table tennis player
* Zoltán Dani
Zoltán Dani ( hu, Dani Zoltán, sr-Cyrl, Золтан Дани; 23 July 1956) is a former officer of the Yugoslav army and former commander of the 3rd battery of the 250th Missile Brigade, which shot down a NATO F-117 Nighthawk near the vil ...
, a former colonel of the Yugoslav Army who shot down an F-117 Nighthawk during the Kosovo War
The Kosovo War was an armed conflict in Kosovo that started 28 February 1998 and lasted until 11 June 1999. It was fought by the forces of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (i.e. Serbia and Montenegro), which controlled Kosovo before the wa ...
* Lajos Engler
Lajos "Lala" Engler ( sr-cyr, Лајош "Лала" Енглер; 20 June 1928 – 1 May 2020), also credited as Lajoš Engler, was an ethnic Hungarian teacher and basketball player, who represented the Yugoslavia national basketball team interna ...
, basketball player
* Szilvia Erdélyi, table tennis player
* Krisztián Frisz, wrestler
* László Györe, tennis player
* Vilim Harangozó, table tennis player
* Ervin Holpert
Ervin Holpert ( sr-cyr, Ервин Холперт, April 22, 1986 in Sombor, SR Serbia, Yugoslavia) is a Serbian sprint canoer.
He won a bronze medal in the K-4 1000 m event at the 2012 Canoe Sprint European Championships in Zagreb
Zagreb ...
, sprint canoer
* Jožef Holpert, handball goalkeeper
* Zoltán Illés, Hungarian politician in Fidesz
* Karolj Kasap
Karolj "Karlo" Kasap "Kaszap Károly (August 5, 1954 in Ada) is a Yugoslav/ Serbian and later Canadian former wrestler who competed in the 1980 Summer Olympics and 1984 Summer Olympics for Yugoslavia and 1992 Summer Olympics
The ...
, wrestler
* Gabor Kasa, cyclist
* József Kasza
József Kasza ( sr-cyr, Јожеф Каса, Jožef Kasa, 6 February 1945 – 3 February 2016) was a Serbian politician, economist, and banker. An ethnic Hungarian, he led the Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians from 1995 to 2007.
He was the De ...
, politician, former leader of the Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians
* Ervin Katona
Ervin Katona (Serbian Cyrillic: Ервин Катона; born 5 January 1977) is a Serbian strongman competitor and regular entrant to the World's Strongest Man competition. He has competed in 99 International strongman competitions (fourth hig ...
, strongman competitor
* Zsombor Kerekes
Zsombor Kerekes (, born 13 September 1973) is a former Hungarian footballer.
Kerekes was a forward who was born in Senta, Serbia (back then still part of SFR Yugoslavia) and was a member of the Hungarian minority in Serbia. Despite being bo ...
, Hungary national football team player
* Mihály Kéri, footballer playing for Yugoslavia and the United States
* Mihalj Kertes
Mihalj Kertes ( sr-Cyrl, Михаљ Кертес, hu, Kertész Mihály; 29 August 194729 December 2022), nicknamed "Bracika", was a Yugoslav and Serbian politician. An ethnic Hungarians in Serbia, Hungarian, he became a member of the League o ...
, politician, close associate of Slobodan Milošević
* Tereza Kočiš
Tereza Kočiš ( sr-cyrl, Тереза Кочиш, born April 27, 1934 in Sombor) is a former Serbian gymnast who competed for Yugoslavia.
She represented Yugoslavia at the 1952 Summer Olympics, 1952 and 1960 Summer Olympics.
ReferencesTereza ...
, gymnast
* Norbert Könyves, Hungarian national football team player
* Renata Kubik
Renata Kubik ( sr-cyrl, Рената Кубик, 16 May 1983 in Sombor, SR Serbia, Yugoslavia) is a Serbian sprint canoer who has competed since mid-2000s. She won a bronze medal in the K-4 200 m event at the 2007 ICF Canoe Sprint World C ...
, sprint canoer
* Félix Lajkó
Félix Lajkó ( sr, Феликс Лајко, ''Feliks Lajko''; born 17 December 1974 in Bačka Topola, SR Serbia, SFR Yugoslavia) is a Hungarian violinist, zither player and composer. He plays a variety of musical styles: folk music (traditio ...
, violinist and composer
* Péter Lékó
Peter Leko ( hu, Lékó Péter; born September 8, 1979) is a Hungarian chess player and commentator. He became the world's youngest grandmaster in 1994. He narrowly missed winning the Classical World Chess Championship 2004: the match was draw ...
, Hungarian Chess Grand Master
* Sylvester Levay, Hungarian composer
* Vilmos Lóczi
Vilmos Lóczi ( sr-cyr, Вилмош Лоци; 19 January 1925 – 12 July 1991), also credited as Vilmoš Loci, was a Yugoslav basketball coach and player. He represented the Yugoslavia national basketball team internationally.
Lóczi was one o ...
, basketball player and coach
* Béla Mavrák, Hungarian tenor singer
* Đula Mešter
Đula Mešter ( sr-cyr, Ђула Мештер; hu, Mester Gyula, born 3 April 1972) is a Serbian volleyball player of Hungarian ethnicity who won the gold medal with the Yugoslav Men's National Team at the 2000 Summer Olympics. Standing at 2.03 ...
, FR Yugoslav volleyball player, Olympic champion
* Brižitka Molnar
Brižitka Molnar ( sr-cyrl, Брижитка Молнар; born 28 July 1985 in Torak, Serbia) is a retired Serbian volleyball player who plays as an outside hitter.
She competed in the 2008 Summer Olympics where she was eliminated with the ...
, volleyball player
* Antonija Nađ
Antonija Nađ ( sr-cyr, Антонија Нађ, born 8 May 1986 in Bezdan, SR Serbia, Yugoslavia) is a Serbian sprint canoer.
She won silver medals in the K-1 1000 m event at the 2008 Canoe Sprint European Championships in Mila ...
, sprint canoeist
* Albert Nađ
Albert Nađ (, ; born 29 October 1974) is a Serbian professional football manager and a former player who played as a defensive midfielder. He is the assistant manager at Partizan. At international level, Nađ represented Serbia and Montenegro a ...
, footballer
* Mate Nemeš, wrestler
* Viktor Nemeš, wrestler
* László Nemet
Ladislav Nemet ( sr-cyr, Ладислав Немет, hu, Német László; born September 7, 1956) is the Serbian Roman Catholic prelate who has been the Archbishop of Belgrade since November 2022. Before that, he was the Bishop of Zrenjanin bet ...
, Roman Catholic bishop of Zrenjanin (Nagybecskerek)
* Nemanja Nikolić, footballer
* Erzsebet Palatinus, table tennis player
* Béla Pálfi
Béla Pálfi ( sr-Cyrl, Бела Палфи, Bela Palfi; 16 February 1923 – 9 September 1995) was a Serbian footballer of Hungarian ethnicity who was part of Yugoslavia national football team at the 1950 FIFA World Cup. He later became a mana ...
, footballer
* Antónia Panda, sprint canoeist
* János Pénzes
János Pénzes (; born 10 August 1943 in Bajmok, Kingdom of Hungary) was the Hungarian-born Roman Catholic Emeritus Bishop of Subotica between 1989 and 2020.
On June 29, 1968, Pénzes was ordained a priest. On April 25, 1989, Pope John Paul II
...
, Roman Catholic bishop of Subotica (Szabadka)
* Žolt Peto, table tennis player
* Eva Ras, actress, writer, painter
* László Rátgéber, Hungarian basketball coach
* Magdolna Rúzsa
Magdolna is a given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Magdolna Komka, née Csábi, retired Hungarian high jumper
* Magdolna Kovács, Hungarian orienteering competitor
* Magdolna Nyári-Kovács (1921–2005), Hungarian fencer
* Magdolna ...
, singer, winner of the third season of Megasztár
''Megasztár - Voice of the Year'' was a Hungarian a music talent show that started in 2003 on TV2. While it is widely considered an unlicensed clone of the British television show ''Pop Idol'' (and sometimes even referred to as ''Hungarian Id ...
(Hungarian Idol)
* Nandor Sabo, wrestler
* Szebasztián Szabó
Szebasztián Szabó ( sr, Себастијан Сабо, Sebastijan Sabo; born 11 March 1996) is a Hungarian swimmer. He is a world record holder in the short course 50 metre butterfly. He competed in the men's 50 metre butterfly event at the 2 ...
, swimmer
* Monica Seles
Monica Seles (; hu, Széles Mónika, ; sr, Моника Селеш, Monika Seleš; born December 2, 1973) is a retired professional tennis player who represented Yugoslavia and the United States. A former world No. 1, she won nine Grand Sla ...
, former World No.1 female tennis player
* Árpád Sterbik
Arpad Sterbik Capar ( hu, Sterbik Árpád, ; sr, Арпад Штербик, Arpad Šterbik; born 20 November 1979) is a retired handball player who represented the national teams of Yugoslavia (later known as Serbia and Montenegro) and Spain.
...
, world champion handball goalkeeper
* Csaba Szilágyi, Serbian Olympic swimmer
* Mario Szenessy, German author, translator, and literary critic
* Lajos Szűcs, Hungarian national football team player, a gold medal winner at the 1968 Summer Olympics
* Marta Tibor, sprint canoer
* József Törtei, wrestler, bronze medal winner at the 1984 Summer Olympics
* Mihály Tóth, Hungarian footballer and a legend of Újpest
Újpest (; german: Neu-Pest, en, New Pest) is the 4th District in Budapest, Hungary. It is located on the left bank of the Danube River. The name Újpest means "New Pest" because the city was formed on the border of the city of Pest, Hungary i ...
, playing for the national team in the 1954 World Cup Final
* Tibor Várady, legal scholar former Minister of Justice of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (July-December 1992)
See also
* Hungarian-Serbian relations
* Serbs in Hungary
The Serbs in Hungary ( hu, Magyarországi szerbek, sr, Срби у Мађарској / ) are recognized as an ethnic minority, numbering 7,210 people or 0.1% of the total population (2011 census). The number of Serbs in Hungary has drastically d ...
* Ethnic groups of Vojvodina Vojvodina is a province in Republic of Serbia and one of the most ethnically diverse regions in Europe, home to 25 different ethnicities.
Serbs
*Serbs – There were 1,289,635 Serbs in Vojvodina or 66.76% of the population in the province. Serb ...
* Hungarian exonyms (Vojvodina)
Below is a list of Hungarian geographical names in the Vojvodina region of Serbia (Hungarian names are in parentheses).
{{horizontal TOC, nonum=yes
A
* Ada (Ada)
* Adorjan (Adorján)
* Aleksa Šantić (Sári, Babapuszta, Hadikkisfalu)
* Alibuna ...
* Hungarians in Slovakia
Hungarians are the largest ethnic minority in Slovakia. According to th2021 Slovak census 422,065 people (or 7.75% of the population) declared themselves Hungarians, while 462,175 (8.48% of the population) stated that Hungarian was their m ...
* Hungarians in Romania
The Hungarian minority of Romania ( hu, Romániai magyarok; ro, maghiarii din România) is the largest ethnic minority in Romania, consisting of 1,227,623 people and making up 6.1% of the total population, according to the 2011 Romanian cens ...
* Székelys
Notes
Further reading
*
References
Notes
* Karolj Brindza, Učešće jugoslovenskih Mađara u narodnooslobodilačkoj borbi, Vojvodina u borbi, Matica Srpska, Novi Sad, 1951.
* Borislav Jankulov, Pregled kolonizacije Vojvodine u XVIII i XIX veku, Novi Sad - Pančevo, 2003.
* Peter Rokai - Zoltan Đere - Tibor Pal - Aleksandar Kasaš, Istorija Mađara, Beograd, 2002.
* Enike A. Šajti, Mađari u Vojvodini 1918-1947, Novi Sad, 2010.
* Aleksandar Kasaš, Mađari u Vojvodini 1941-1946, Novi Sad, 1996.
External links
*
''The Encyclopedia of Vojvodina''
* ttp://www.unhcr.org/publ/RSDCOI/3ae6a6c34.html Ethnic Hungarian Minorities in Central and Eastern Europe
{{commons category, Hungarians in Serbia
Serbian people of Hungarian descent,
Vojvodina
Vojvodina ( sr-Cyrl, Војводина}), officially the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, is an autonomous province that occupies the northernmost part of Serbia. It lies within the Pannonian Basin, bordered to the south by the national capital ...
Ethnic groups in Vojvodina
Ethnic groups in Serbia
Serbia
Serbia (, ; Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe, Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Pannonian Bas ...