This is a checklist of amphibians found in
Northern America
Northern America is the northernmost subregion of North America. The boundaries may be drawn slightly differently. In one definition, it lies directly north of Middle America (including the Caribbean and Central America).Gonzalez, Joseph. 20 ...
, based mainly on publications by the
Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles
The Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles (SSAR) is an international herpetological society. It is a non-profit organization supporting education, conservation, and research related to reptiles and amphibians. Regular publications in ...
.
The information about range and status of almost all of these species can be found also for example in the
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species, also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data Book, founded in 1964, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biologi ...
site.
It includes all species of Bermuda, Canada, Greenland, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, and the United States
* alien species
Summary of 2006 IUCN Red List categories.
Conservation status –
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species, also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data Book, founded in 1964, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biologi ...
:
: – extinct, – extinct in the wild
: – critically endangered, – endangered, – vulnerable
: – near threatened, – least concern
: – data deficient, – not evaluated
:(v. 2013.2, the data are current as of March 5, 2014
)
and
Endangered Species Act
The Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA or "The Act"; 16 U.S.C. § 1531 et seq.) is the primary law in the United States for protecting imperiled species. Designed to protect critically imperiled species from extinction as a "consequence of ec ...
:
: – endangered, – threatened
:, – experimental nonessential or essential population
:, – endangered or threatened due to similarity of appearance
:(the data are current as of March 28, 2014
)
Order: Urodela
Suborder: Cryptobranchoidea
Family: Cryptobranchidae
:::
Hellbender, ''Cryptobranchus alleganiensis''
(Ozark hellbender, ''C. a. bishopi'': )
Suborder: Salamandroidea
Family:
Salamandridae
Salamandridae is a family of salamanders consisting of true salamanders and newts. Salamandrids are distinguished from other salamanders by the lack of rib or costal grooves along the sides of their bodies and by their rough skin. Their skin is v ...
=Subfamily: Pleurodelinae
=
:::Eastern newts
:::
Black-spotted newt
''Notophthalmus meridionalis'', the black-spotted newt or Texas newt, is a species of aquatic newt native to northeastern Mexico and southern Texas in the United States. This amphibian was put on the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species in 2008 w ...
, ''Notophthalmus meridionalis''
:::
Striped newt
The striped newt (''Notophthalmus perstriatus'') is a species of aquatic salamander native to the southeastern United States. It is a close relative of the eastern newt, with which it shares territory, and can be distinguished from the latter b ...
, ''Notophthalmus perstriatus''
:::
Eastern newt
The eastern newt (''Notophthalmus viridescens'') is a common newt of eastern North America. It frequents small lakes, ponds, and streams or nearby wet forests. The eastern newt produces tetrodotoxin, which makes the species unpalatable to predat ...
, ''Notophthalmus viridescens''
:::Pacific newts
:::
Rough-skinned newt, ''Taricha granulosa''
:::
Red-bellied newt
The red-bellied newt (''Taricha rivularis'') is a newt that is native to coastal woodlands in northern California and is terrestrial for most of its life.
Description
When full grown, the red-bellied newt measures between from its nose to its v ...
, ''Taricha rivularis''
:::
Sierra newt
The Sierra newt (''Taricha sierrae'') is a newt found west of the Sierra Nevada, from Shasta county to Tulare County, in California, Western North America.
Its adult length can range from . Its skin produces a potent toxin.
Subspecies
The S ...
, ''Taricha sierrae''
:::
California newt
The California newt or orange-bellied newt (''Taricha torosa''), is a species of newt endemic to California, in the Western United States. Its adult length can range from . Its skin produces the potent toxin tetrodotoxin.
Subspecies
''Taricha ...
, ''Taricha torosa''
Family: Plethodontidae
=Subfamily: Plethodontinae
=
:::Web-toed salamanders
:::
Limestone salamander
The limestone salamander (''Hydromantes brunus'') is a member of the lungless salamander family. Discovered in 1952, this species belongs to a genus endemic to California. It is endemic to a portion of the Merced River Canyon in Mariposa County, ...
, ''Hydromantes brunus''
:::
Mount Lyell salamander, ''Hydromantes platycephalus''
:::
Samwel Shasta salamander, ''Hydromantes samweli''
:::
Shasta salamander, ''Hydromantes shastae''
:::
Wintu Shasta salamander, ''Hydromantes wintu''
:::Climbing salamanders
:::
Green salamander
The green salamander (''Aneides aeneus'') is a species of lungless salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It and the Hickory Nut Gorge green salamander (''A. caryaensis'') are the only currently-described members of the genus ''Aneides'' that i ...
, ''Aneides aeneus''
:::
Hickory Nut Gorge green salamander
The Hickory Nut Gorge green salamander (''Aneides caryaensis'') is a species of lungless salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to the Hickory Nut Gorge in the state of North Carolina in the United States.
Taxonomy
It is a memb ...
, ''Aneides caryaensis''
:::
Clouded salamander, ''Aneides ferreus''
:::
Speckled black salamander, ''Aneides flavipunctatus'' and:
::::
Santa Cruz black salamander, ''Aneides (flavipunctatus) niger''
::::
Shasta salamander, ''Aneides iecanus''
:::
Sacramento Mountains salamander, ''Aneides hardii''
:::
Klamath black salamander, ''Aneides klamathensis''
:::
Arboreal salamander, ''Aneides lugubris''
:::
Wandering salamander, ''Aneides vagrans''
:::Dusky salamanders
:::
Seepage salamander, ''Desmognathus aeneus''
:::
Holbrook's southern dusky salamander, ''Desmognathus auriculatus'' and:
::::
Carolina swamp dusky salamander, ''Desmognathus valtos''
::::
Valentine's southern dusky salamander, ''Desmognathus valentinei'' and:
:::::
Pascagoula dusky salamander, ''Desmognathus pascagoula''
:::
Ouachita dusky salamander, ''Desmognathus brimleyorum''
:::
Northern dusky salamander, ''Desmognathus fuscus'' and:
::::
Spotted dusky salamander, ''Desmognathus conanti''
::::
Flat-headed salamander, ''Desmognathus planiceps''
:::
Imitator salamander, ''Desmognathus imitator''
:::''Desmognathus marmoratus''/''Desmognathus 'quadramaculatus'' complex:
::::
Shovel-nosed salamander, ''Desmognathus marmoratus'' and:
:::::
Golden shovel-nosed salamander, ''Desmognathus aureatus''
:::::
Black shovel-nosed salamander
The black shovel-nosed salamander (''Desmognathus melanius'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is Endemism, endemic to the United States.
It was described in 1956 but was later reclassified as synonymous with the shove ...
, ''Desmognathus melanius''
::::
Central shovel-nosed dusky salamander, ''Desmognathus intermedius''
::::Species split from the former
black-bellied salamander
The blackbelly salamander (''Desmognathus quadramaculatus'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to the United States. Its natural habitats are rivers, intermittent rivers, and freshwater springs. It is threaten ...
, ''Desmognathus quadramaculatus''
(complex of "black-bellied salamanders"):
:::::
Dwarf black-bellied salamander, ''Desmognathus folkertsi''
:::::
Nantahala black-bellied salamander, ''Desmognathus amphileucus''
:::::
Cherokee blackbellied salamander, ''Desmognathus gvnigeusgwotli''
:::::
Kanawha blackbellied salamander, ''Desmognathus kanawha''
:::::
Pisgah black-bellied salamander, ''Desmognathus mavrokoilius''
:::
Seal salamander, ''Desmognathus monticola''
:::''Desmognathus ochrophaeus'' complex:
::::
Mountain dusky salamander, ''Desmognathus ochrophaeus'' and:
:::::
Cumberland dusky salamander, ''Desmognathus abditus''
:::::
Carolina mountain dusky salamander, ''Desmognathus carolinensis''
:::::
Ocoee salamander
The ocoee salamander (''Desmognathus ocoee'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. This salamander has a variety of colors and patterns, and got its name from Tennessee state wildflower. Its natural habitats are temperate fore ...
, ''Desmognathus ocoee'' and:
::::::
Cherokee mountain dusky salamander, ''Desmognathus adatsihi''
::::::
Great Balsams mountain dusky salamander, ''Desmognathus balsameus''
::::::
Tallulah salamander, ''Desmognathus perlapsus''
:::::
Blue Ridge dusky salamander, ''Desmognathus orestes''
::::
Apalachicola dusky salamander, ''Desmognathus apalachicolae''
:::
Northern pygmy salamander, ''Desmognathus organi''
:::
Santeetlah dusky salamander, ''Desmognathus santeetlah''
:::
Black mountain salamander, ''Desmognathus welteri''
:::
Pygmy salamander
The pygmy salamander (''Desmognathus wrighti'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to the United States in the southern Appalachians in North Carolina and Tennessee.
''Desmognathus wrighti'' is a member of the ...
, ''Desmognathus wrighti''
:::Ensatina
:::
Ensatina
The ensatina (''Ensatina eschscholtzii'') is a species complex of plethodontid (lungless) salamanders found in coniferous forests, oak woodland and chaparral , ''Ensatina eschscholtzii''
:::Red Hills salamander
:::
Red Hills salamander
The Red Hills salamander (''Phaeognathus hubrichti'') is a fairly large, terrestrial salamander growing to about . Its body color is gray to brownish without markings, and its limbs are relatively short. It is the official state amphibian of Alab ...
, ''Phaeognathus hubrichti''
:::Woodland salamanders
:::
Ainsworth's salamander or Bay Springs salamander, ''Plethodon ainsworthi''
:::
Western slimy salamander
The western slimy salamander (''Plethodon albagula''), also known as the whitethroat slimy salamander or white-throated slimy salamander, is a species of salamander. It is endemic to the United States of America and found in two disjunct populati ...
, ''Plethodon albagula''
:::
Blue Ridge gray-cheeked salamander
The Blue Ridge gray-cheeked salamander (''Plethodon amplus'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae endemic to the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina, United States. It is one of 55 species in the genus ''Plethodon'' and on ...
, ''Plethodon amplus''
:::
Ozark zigzag salamander
The Ozark zigzag salamander (''Plethodon angusticlavius'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae endemic to the United States. It is one of 57 species in the genus ''Plethodon''. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, fres ...
, ''Plethodon angusticlavius''
:::
Scott Bar salamander
The Scott Bar salamander (''Plethodon asupak'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae, endemic to the United States, where it is restricted to a very small range in the Scott River drainage in Siskiyou County, California, at alt ...
, ''Plethodon asupak''
:::
Tellico salamander
The Tellico salamander (''Plethodon aureolus'') is a small woodland salamander resembling ''Plethodon glutinosus'' found in mountainous and lowland regions of southeastern Tennessee and extreme southwestern North Carolina. Little has been publish ...
, ''Plethodon aureolus''
:::
Caddo Mountain salamander
The Caddo Mountain salamander (''Plethodon caddoensis'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae endemic to Arkansas in the south-central United States, and only known from the Caddo Mountains, a part of the Ouachita Mountains.
T ...
, ''Plethodon caddoensis''
:::
Chattahoochee slimy salamander
The Chattahoochee slimy salamander (''Plethodon chattahoochee'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to the Appalachian Mountains in the United States, where it is found only in the Chattahoochee National Forest ...
, ''Plethodon chattahoochee''
:::
Cheoah Bald salamander
The Cheoah Bald salamander (''Plethodon cheoah'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae endemic to the state of North Carolina in the United States. Its natural habitat is temperate forests and it is threatened by habitat loss. ...
, ''Plethodon cheoah''
:::
Atlantic Coast slimy salamander
The Atlantic Coast slimy salamander (''Plethodon chlorobryonis'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to the United States, where it is distributed throughout the Southeastern United States from southeastern Vir ...
, ''Plethodon chlorobryonis''
:::
Red-backed salamander or eastern red-backed salamander, ''Plethodon cinereus''
:::
White-spotted slimy salamander, ''Plethodon cylindraceus''
:::
Northern zigzag salamander, ''Plethodon dorsalis''
:::
Dunn's salamander, ''Plethodon dunni''
:::
Northern ravine salamander, ''Plethodon electromorphus''
:::
Del Norte salamander, ''Plethodon elongatus''
:::
Fourche Mountain salamander
The Fourche Mountain salamander (''Plethodon fourchensis'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae endemic to the Ouachita Mountains in the central United States. Its natural habitat is temperate forests and it is threatened by ...
, ''Plethodon fourchensis''
:::
Northern slimy salamander, ''Plethodon glutinosus'' and:
::::
Southeastern slimy salamander, ''Plethodon grobmani''
::::
Mississippi slimy salamander, ''Plethodon mississippi''
:::
Valley and ridge salamander, ''Plethodon hoffmani''
:::
Peaks of Otter salamander, ''Plethodon hubrichti''
:::
Coeur d'Alene salamander, ''Plethodon idahoensis''
:::
Red-cheeked salamander, ''Plethodon jordani''
:::
Cumberland Plateau salamander
The Cumberland Plateau salamander (''Plethodon kentucki'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to the Cumberland Plateau, the southeastern United States. Its natural habitat is temperate forests. It is threatene ...
, ''Plethodon kentucki''
:::
Kiamichi slimy salamander, ''Plethodon kiamichi''
:::
Louisiana slimy salamander, ''Plethodon kisatchie''
:::
Larch Mountain salamander, ''Plethodon larselli''
:::
South Mountain graycheeked salamander, ''Plethodon meridianus''
:::
Southern gray-cheeked salamander
The southern gray-cheeked salamander (''Plethodon metcalfi'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae endemic to the area where North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia adjoin each other in the southeastern United States. The s ...
, ''Plethodon metcalfi''
:::
Northern gray-cheeked salamander, ''Plethodon montanus''
:::
Jemez Mountains salamander, ''Plethodon neomexicanus''
:::
Cheat Mountain salamander, ''Plethodon nettingi''
:::
Ocmulgee slimy salamander, ''Plethodon ocmulgee''
:::
Rich Mountain salamander
The Rich Mountain salamander (''Plethodon ouachitae'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to the Ouachita Mountains in western Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma. Its natural habitat is temperate forests. It is th ...
, ''Plethodon ouachitae''
:::
Pigeon Mountain salamander, ''Plethodon petraeus''
:::
White-spotted salamander, ''Plethodon punctatus''
:::
Ravine salamander or southern ravine salamander, ''Plethodon richmondi''
:::
Savannah slimy salamander, ''Plethodon savannah''
:::
Sequoyah slimy salamander
The Sequoyah slimy salamander (''Plethodon sequoyah'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae.
It is endemic to the Ouachita Mountains in the United States, where it is only known from Beavers Bend State Park in Oklahoma (alth ...
, ''Plethodon sequoyah''
:::
Southern red-backed salamander, ''Plethodon serratus''
:::
Shenandoah salamander, ''Plethodon shenandoah''
:::
Big Levels salamander, ''Plethodon sherando''
:::
Red-legged salamander, ''Plethodon shermani''
:::
Siskiyou Mountains salamander
The Siskiyou Mountains salamander (''Plethodon stormi''), also called the Siskiyou Mountain salamander, exists only in isolated locations along the Klamath River in northern California and southern Oregon. It is a close relative of the Del Norte ...
, ''Plethodon stormi''
:::
Southern Appalachian salamander
The southern Appalachian salamander (''Plethodon teyahalee'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae.
Distribution
''P. teyahalee'' is endemic to the southern Appalachian Mountains in the Southeastern United States, where it is ...
, ''Plethodon teyahalee''
:::
Van Dyke's salamander
Van Dyke's salamander (''Plethodon vandykei'') is a small woodland salamander in the family Plethodontidae, the lungless salamanders. These animals breathe through their skin and are largely terrestrial. Compared to other salamanders in ''Plethod ...
, ''Plethodon vandykei''
:::
South Carolina slimy salamander, ''Plethodon variolatus''
:::
Western redback salamander, ''Plethodon vehiculum''
:::
Southern zigzag salamander, ''Plethodon ventralis''
:::
Shenandoah Mountain salamander
The Shenandoah Mountain salamander (''Plethodon virginia'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae native to the Eastern United States.
Distribution
The species is endemic to the Shenandoah Mountains range of the Appalachian Mo ...
, ''Plethodon virginia''
:::
Webster's salamander, ''Plethodon websteri''
:::
Wehrle's salamander, ''Plethodon wehrlei'' and:
::::
Dixie Cavern salamander, ''Plethodon dixi''
::::
Blacksburg salamander, ''Plethodon jacksoni''
::::
Yellow-spotted woodland salamander, ''Plethodon pauleyi''
:::
Weller's salamander
Weller's salamander (''Plethodon welleri'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae.
This species in endemic to the southeastern mountain range of the United States. It is mainly found in North Carolina near Grandfather Mountain. ...
, ''Plethodon welleri''
:::
Yonahlossee salamander, ''Plethodon yonahlossee''
:::
Patch-nosed salamander, ''Urspelerpes brucei''
=Subfamily: Spelerpinae
=
:::Brook salamanders
:::Two-lined salamander (''Eurycea bislineata'') complex:
::::
Northern two-lined salamander
The northern two-lined salamander (''Eurycea bislineata'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae found in Canada and the United States. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, temperate shrubland, rivers, intermittent river ...
, ''Eurycea bislineata''
::::
Brown-backed salamander, ''Eurycea aquatica''
::::
Junaluska salamander, ''Eurycea junaluska''
::::
Blue Ridge two-lined salamander, ''Eurycea wilderae''
::::
Southern two-lined salamander, ''Eurycea cirrigera'' and:
:::::
Carolina sandhills salamander, ''Eurycea arenicola''
:::
Salado Springs salamander, ''Eurycea chisholmensis''
:::
Three-lined salamander, ''Eurycea guttolineata''
:::
Cascade Caverns salamander
The Cascade Caverns salamander (''Eurycea latitans''), or Cascade Caverns neotenic salamander, is a species of aquatic salamander endemic to Cascade Caverns in Kendall County, Texas. Like other species of cave salamanders, they are almost entire ...
, ''Eurycea latitans'' and:
::::
Comal blind salamander, ''Eurycea tridentifera''
:::
Long-tailed salamander, ''Eurycea longicauda''
:::
Cave salamander, ''Eurycea lucifuga''
:::''Eurycea multiplicata'' complex:
::::
Many-ribbed salamander, ''Eurycea multiplicata''
::::
Grotto salamander, ''Eurycea spelaea'' and:
:::::
Southern grotto salamander
The southern grotto salamander (''Eurycea braggi'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to northern Arkansas in the United States.
Taxonomy
It is now considered a member of the genus '' Eurycea'', but was ori ...
, ''Eurycea braggi''
:::::
Northern grotto salamander, ''Eurycea nerea''
::::
Ouachita streambed salamander, ''Eurycea subfluvicola''
::::
Oklahoma salamander
The Oklahoma salamander (''Eurycea tynerensis'') is a salamander in the family Plethodontidae, endemic to the United States. The species was first described by George A. Moore and R. Chester Hughes in 1939. Its natural habitats are temperate fo ...
, ''Eurycea tynerensis''
:::
San Marcos salamander, ''Eurycea nana''
:::
Georgetown salamander, ''Eurycea naufragia''
:::
Texas salamander
''Eurycea neotenes'', also known as the Texas salamander, Bexar County salamander, Edwards Plateau salamander, or Texas neotenic salamander, is a species of entirely aquatic, lungless salamander native to the United States. It is endemic to centr ...
, ''Eurycea neotenes''
:::
Blanco River Springs salamander, ''Eurycea pterophila''
:::''Eurycea quadridigitata'' complex:
::::
Southeastern dwarf salamander, ''Eurycea quadridigitata''
::::
Chamberlain's dwarf salamander, ''Eurycea chamberlaini''
::::
Hillis's dwarf salamander, ''Eurycea hillisi''
::::
Western dwarf salamander, ''Eurycea paludicola''
::::
Bog dwarf salamander, ''Eurycea sphagnicola''
:::
Barton Springs salamander
The Barton Springs salamander (''Eurycea sosorum'') is an endangered lungless salamander. It is endemic to Texas, United States. It was first found in Barton Springs in Austin, but is now also known from other localities in the nearby Travis ...
, ''Eurycea sosorum''
:::
Jollyville Plateau salamander, ''Eurycea tonkawae''
:::
Valdina Farms salamander
The Valdina Farms salamander (''Eurycea troglodytes'') is a species of aquatic salamander described from Valdina Farms Sinkhole in Medina County, Texas, United States. It is sometimes referred to as the Valdina blind salamander or sinkhole salama ...
, ''Eurycea troglodytes''
:::
Austin blind salamander
The Austin blind salamander (''Eurycea waterlooensis'') is an endangered species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae, endemic to Barton Springs in Austin, Texas, United States. Its name is derived from Waterloo, the original name of Austin ...
, ''Eurycea waterlooensis''
:::
Texas blind salamander
The Texas blind salamander (''Eurycea rathbuni'') is a rare cave-dwelling troglobite amphibian native to San Marcos, Hays County, Texas, specifically the San Marcos Pool of the Edwards Aquifer.
Description
The species has a broad, flat, snout ...
, ''Eurycea rathbuni''
:::
Blanco blind salamander
The Blanco blind salamander (''Eurycea robusta'') is a species of aquatic, lungless salamander native to the United States. It is endemic to a small region of the Blanco River near San Marcos in Hays County, Texas. Its habitat, deep in limestone ...
, ''Eurycea robusta''
:::
Georgia blind salamander, ''Eurycea wallacei''
:::Spring salamanders
:::
Berry Cave salamander, ''Gyrinophilus gulolineatus''
:::
Tennessee cave salamander
The Tennessee cave salamander (''Gyrinophilus palleucus'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae, endemic to the Appalachian Mountains in the United States. Its natural habitats are streams in caves. It is threatened by habitat ...
, ''Gyrinophilus palleucus''
:::
Spring salamander
The spring salamander (''Gyrinophilus porphyriticus'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae (lungless salamanders). It is found in Canada and the United States. The genus, ''Gyrinophilus'', means "tadpole lover" and refers to t ...
, ''Gyrinophilus porphyriticus''
:::
West Virginia spring salamander
The West Virginia spring salamander (''Gyrinophilus subterraneus'') is a species of troglobitic salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to West Virginia, the United States.
The salamander is only found in the General Davis Cave in ...
, ''Gyrinophilus subterraneus''
:::Red and mud salamanders
:::
Mud salamander
The mud salamander (''Pseudotriton montanus'') is a bright red salamander of the family Plethodontidae. It is found in streams, seeps and swamps and underneath logs, rocks and leaves. It is endemic to the eastern half of the United States with one ...
, ''Pseudotriton montanus'' and:
::::
Midland mud salamander, ''Pseudotriton'' (''montanus'') ''diastictus''
:::
Red salamander
The red salamander (''Pseudotriton ruber'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae endemic to the eastern United States. Its skin is orange/red with random black spots.
Its habitats are temperate forests, small creeks, ponds, fo ...
, ''Pseudotriton ruber''
:::Many-lined salamander
:::
Many-lined salamander, ''Stereochilus marginatus''
=Subfamily: Bolitoglossinae
=
:::Slender salamanders
:::Subgenus: ''Batrachoseps''
:::
California slender salamander
The California slender salamander (''Batrachoseps attenuatus'') is a lungless salamander Stebbins, Robert C. (2003). ''A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians'', 3rd Edition. Houghton Mifflin Company, that is found primarily in coastal ...
, ''Batrachoseps attenuatus''
:::
San Gabriel slender salamander, ''Batrachoseps gabrieli''
:::''Batrachoseps diabolicus'' group:
::::
Hell Hollow slender salamander, ''Batrachoseps diabolicus''
::::
Greenhorn Mountains slender salamander, ''Batrachoseps altasierrae''
::::
Sequoia slender salamander, ''Batrachoseps kawia''
::::
Kings River slender salamander, ''Batrachoseps regius''
:::''Batrachoseps nigriventris'' group:
::::
Black-bellied slender salamander
The black-bellied slender salamander (''Batrachoseps nigriventris'') is a small species of salamander that is endemic to California.
Distribution
This salamander prefers California chaparral and woodlands habitats of Coast live oak - ''Quercu ...
, ''Batrachoseps nigriventris''
::::
Fairview slender salamander, ''Batrachoseps bramei''
::::
Gregarious slender salamander, ''Batrachoseps gregarius''
::::
Relictual slender salamander, ''Batrachoseps relictus''
::::
Kern Canyon slender salamander, ''Batrachoseps simatus''
::::
Tehachapi slender salamander
The Tehachapi slender salamander (''Batrachoseps stebbinsi'') is a species of Lungless salamander, plethodontid salamander, and one of the larger members of genus ''Batrachoseps''. It is endemic to California, in Kern County, California, Kern Cou ...
, ''Batrachoseps stebbinsi''
:::''Batrachoseps pacificus'' group:
::::
Channel Islands slender salamander
The Channel Islands slender salamander (''Batrachoseps pacificus'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. Distribution and habitat
It is endemic to chaparral and woodlands, temperate forests, temperate shrubland, and temperat ...
, ''Batrachoseps pacificus''
::::
Arguello slender salamander, ''Batrachoseps wakei''
::::
Southern California slender salamander, ''Batrachoseps major'' (desert slender salamander ''B.'' (''m.'') ''aridus'': )
::::
Lesser slender salamander, ''Batrachoseps minor''
::::
Gabilan Mountains slender salamander, ''Batrachoseps gavilanensis''
::::
San Simeon slender salamander, ''Batrachoseps incognitus''
::::
Santa Lucia Mountains slender salamander, ''Batrachoseps luciae''
:::Subgenus: ''Plethopsis''
:::
Inyo Mountains salamander
The Inyo Mountains salamander (''Batrachoseps campi'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae that is endemic to California in the western United States.
Distribution
It's specifically endemic to the Inyo Mountains and limited t ...
, ''Batrachoseps campi''
:::
Kern Plateau salamander, ''Batrachoseps robustus''
:::
Oregon slender salamander
The Oregon slender salamander (''Batrachoseps wrighti'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae from the Northwestern United States.
Distribution
The Oregon slender salamander is endemic to north-central Oregon, found particular ...
, ''Batrachoseps wrighti''
=Subfamily: Hemidactyliinae
=
:::
Fourtoed salamander, ''Hemidactylium scutatum''
Family: Proteidae
:::
Dwarf waterdog
The dwarf waterdog (''Necturus punctatus'') is an aquatic salamander endemic to the Eastern United States. It is the smallest member of the family Proteidae.
Description
This species is usually between long. It has bushy, narrow gills and a com ...
, ''Necturus punctatus''
:::
Alabama waterdog, ''Necturus alabamensis'' and:
::::
Mobile waterdog, ''Necturus lodingi'' (sometimes recognized,
:::
Gulf Coast waterdog, ''Necturus beyeri''
:::
Neuse River waterdog, ''Necturus lewisi''
:::
Common mudpuppy, ''Necturus maculosus'' and:
::::
Red River mudpuppy
The Red River waterdog (''Necturus louisianensis''), also called Louisiana waterdog, is a species of aquatic salamander in the family Proteidae.
Taxonomy
Some taxonomic authorities consider this salamander to be a subspecies of the common mu ...
, ''Necturus (maculosus) louisianensis''
:::
Apalachicola waterdog, ''Necturus moleri''
:::
Escambia waterdog, ''Necturus mounti''
Family: Ambystomatidae
:::
Ringed salamander, ''Ambystoma annulatum''
:::
Streamside salamander, ''Ambystoma barbouri''
:::
Frosted flatwoods salamander
The frosted flatwoods salamander (''Ambystoma cingulatum'') is a small (9-13.5 cm total length), elongated species of mole salamander. It has a small, indistinct head, short legs, and a long, rounded tail. Typical coloration consists of ...
, ''Ambystoma cingulatum'' and:
::::
Reticulated flatwoods salamander
The reticulated flatwoods salamander (''Ambystoma bishopi'') is a species of mole salamander, an amphibian in the family Ambystomatidae. The species is native to a small portion of the southeastern coastal plain of the United States in the wester ...
, ''Ambystoma bishopi''
:::
California tiger salamander, ''Ambystoma californiense'' (Santa Barbara and Sonoma Counties , central California )
:::
Northwestern salamander
The northwestern salamander (''Ambystoma gracile'') is a species of mole salamander that inhabits the northwest Pacific coast of North America. These fairly large salamanders grow to 8.7 in (220 mm) in length. It is found from southeastern ...
, ''Ambystoma gracile''
:::
Jefferson salamander
The Jefferson salamander (''Ambystoma jeffersonianum'') is a mole salamander native to the northeastern United States, southern and central Ontario, and southwestern Quebec. It was named after Jefferson College in Pennsylvania.
It is typically ...
, ''Ambystoma jeffersonianum''
:::
Blue-spotted salamander
The blue-spotted salamander (''Ambystoma laterale'') is a mole salamander native to the Great Lakes states and northeastern United States, and parts of Ontario and Quebec in Canada. Their range is known to extend to James Bay to the north, and ...
, ''Ambystoma laterale''
:::
Mabee's salamander, ''Ambystoma mabeei''
:::
Long-toed salamander
The long-toed salamander (''Ambystoma macrodactylum'') is a mole salamander in the family Ambystomatidae. This species, typically long when mature, is characterized by its mottled black, brown, and yellow pigmentation, and its long outer fourth ...
, ''Ambystoma macrodactylum'' (Santa Cruz long-toed salamander, ''A. m. croceum'': )
:::
Spotted salamander, ''Ambystoma maculatum''
:::
Western tiger salamander, ''Ambystoma mavortium'' (Sonoran tiger salamander, ''A. m. stebbinsi'': )
:::
Marbled salamander
The marbled salamander (''Ambystoma opacum'') is a species of mole salamander found in the eastern United States.
Description
The marbled salamander is a stocky and boldly banded salamander. The marbled salamander exhibits sexual dimorphism w ...
, ''Ambystoma opacum''
:::
Mole salamander, ''Ambystoma talpoideum''
:::
Small-mouthed salamander
The small-mouth salamander (''Ambystoma texanum'') is a species of mole salamander found in the central United States, from the Great Lakes region in Michigan to Nebraska, south to Texas, and east to Tennessee, with a population in Canada, in Pe ...
, ''Ambystoma texanum''
:::
Eastern tiger salamander, ''Ambystoma tigrinum''
Family: Amphiumidae
:::
Two-toed amphiuma, ''Amphiuma means''
:::
One-toed amphiuma
The one-toed amphiuma (''Amphiuma pholeter'') is an aquatic, eel-like salamander native to the southeastern United States. It was unknown to science until 1950, when it was collected by herpetologist W. T. Neill. It is rarely observed in the ...
, ''Amphiuma pholeter''
:::
Three-toed amphiuma
''Amphiuma tridactylum'', the three-toed amphiuma, is a species of aquatic salamander native to the Southeastern United States.
Description
The three-toed amphiuma looks rather eel-like, with an elongate, dark gray-black, or brown colored b ...
, ''Amphiuma tridactylum''
Family:
Dicamptodontidae
The Pacific giant salamanders (frequently stylized as Giant Pacific Salamanders or GPS) are members of the genus ''Dicamptodon''. They are large salamanders endemic to the Pacific Northwest in North America. They are included in the family Ambyst ...
:::
Idaho giant salamander, ''Dicamptodon aterrimus''
:::
Cope's giant salamander, ''Dicamptodon copei''
:::
California giant salamander
The California giant salamander (''Dicamptodon ensatus'') is a species of salamander in the family Ambystomatidae. ''Dicamptodon ensatus'' is endemic to California, in the western United States. The species once additionally included individuals ...
, ''Dicamptodon ensatus''
:::
Coastal giant salamander
The coastal giant salamander (''Dicamptodon tenebrosus'') is a species of salamander in the family Dicamptodontidae (Pacific giant salamanders). It is endemic to the Pacific Northwest of North America. There are three closely related species to ...
, ''Dicamptodon tenebrosus''
Family:
Rhyacotritonidae
The torrent salamanders or Cascade salamanders are a family of salamanders (Rhyacotritonidae) with only one genus, ''Rhyacotriton''. The torrent salamanders are endemic to the United States in the Pacific Northwest (including northwestern Calif ...
:::
Cascade torrent salamander
The Cascade torrent salamander (''Rhyacotriton cascadae'') is a species of salamander in the family Rhyacotritonidae. It is endemic to the Pacific Northwest in the United States where it is found from Skamania County in Washington south to Lane ...
, ''Rhyacotriton cascadae''
:::
Columbia torrent salamander
The Columbia torrent salamander (''Rhyacotriton kezeri'') is a species of salamander in the family Rhyacotritonidae, endemic to the Pacific Northwest in the United States. It is found in the coastal areas of Washington to northwestern Oregon.
It ...
, ''Rhyacotriton kezeri''
:::
Olympic torrent salamander
The Olympic torrent salamander (''Rhyacotriton olympicus'') is a species of salamander in the family Rhyacotritonidae. This is a small salamander (up to 10 cm total length) that lives in clear, cold, mountain streams. It is medium to dark br ...
, ''Rhyacotriton olympicus''
:::
Southern torrent salamander
The southern torrent salamander (''Rhyacotriton variegatus'') is a member of the salamander family Rhyacotritonidae. This species of torrent salamander is found the farthest south in the region. It is a small salamander endemic to the Pacific Nor ...
, ''Rhyacotriton variegatus''
Suborder: Sirenoidea
Family: Sirenidae
:::Dwarf sirens
:::
Southern dwarf siren, ''Pseudobranchus axanthus''
:::
Northern dwarf siren, ''Pseudobranchus striatus''
:::Sirens
:::
Lesser siren
The lesser siren (''Siren intermedia'') is a species of aquatic salamander native to the eastern United States and northern Mexico. They are referred to by numerous common names, including two-legged eel, dwarf siren, and mud eel. The specific ep ...
, ''Siren intermedia''
:::
Greater siren
The greater siren (''Siren lacertina'') is an eel-like amphibian and one of the three members of the genus ''Siren''. The largest of the sirens and one of the largest amphibians in North America, the greater siren resides in the coastal plains of ...
, ''Siren lacertina''
:::
Reticulated siren
The reticulated siren (''Siren reticulata''), also known commonly as the leopard eel, is a species of aquatic salamander in the family Sirenidae. The species, which is endemic to the southeastern United States, was first formally described in 2 ...
, ''Siren reticulata''
Order: Anura
Suborder: Archaeobatrachia
Family: Ascaphidae
:::
Rocky Mountain tailed frog, ''Ascaphus montanus''
:::
Coastal tailed frog
The tailed frogs are two species of frogs in the genus ''Ascaphus'', the only taxon in the family Ascaphidae . The "tail" in the name is actually an extension of the male cloaca. The tail is one of two distinctive anatomical features adapting the ...
, ''Ascaphus truei''
Suborder:
Mesobatrachia
The Mesobatrachia (Ancient Greek ''μέσος'' (mésos, "middle") + ''batrachia'' ("frogs")) is a paraphyletic group of relatively primitive frogs. At the end of 2016, it contained 3 superfamilies ( Pelobatoidea, Pelodytoidea and Pipoidea), 6 f ...
Family:
Pipidae
The Pipidae are a family of primitive, tongueless frogs. The 41 species in the family Pipidae are found in tropical South America (genus ''Pipa'') and sub-Saharan Africa (the three other genera).
Description
Pipid frogs are highly aquatic and ...
:::
African clawed frog, ''Xenopus laevis''
*
:::
Western clawed frog
The western clawed frog (''Xenopus tropicalis'') is a species of frog in the family Pipidae, also known as tropical clawed frog. It is the only species in the genus ''Xenopus'' to have a diploid genome. Its genome has been sequenced, making it ...
, ''Xenopus tropicalis''
*
Family: Rhinophrynidae
:::
Burrowing toad
The Rhinophrynidae are a family of frogs containing one extant genus, the monotypic ''Rhinophrynus'', and a number of fossil genera. The family is sometimes known as the Mexican burrowing toads or simply burrowing toads.
''Rhinophrynus'' occurs ...
, ''Rhinophrynus dorsalis''
Family: Scaphiopodidae
:::North American spadefoot toads
:::
Couch's spadefoot, ''Scaphiopus couchii''
:::
Eastern spadefoot, ''Scaphiopus holbrookii''
:::
Hurter's spadefoot, ''Scaphiopus hurterii''
:::Western spadefoot toads
:::
Plains spadefoot, ''Spea bombifrons''
:::
Western spadefoot, ''Spea hammondii''
:::
Great Basin spadefoot, ''Spea intermontana''
:::
Mexican spadefoot, ''Spea multiplicata''
Suborder: Neobatrachia
Family: Bufonidae
:::
American toad, ''Anaxyrus americanus''
:::
Wyoming toad, ''Anaxyrus baxteri''
:::
Western toad, ''Anaxyrus boreas'' and:
::::
Amargosa toad
The Amargosa toad (''Anaxyrus nelsoni'') is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It was at one time considered to be a subspecies of the western toad. It is threatened by habitat loss and is classified by the IUCN as being "Critically end ...
, ''Anaxyrus nelsoni''
:::
Arroyo toad
The arroyo toad (''Anaxyrus californicus'') is a species of true toads in the family Bufonidae, endemic to California (U.S.) and Baja California state (México). It is currently classified as an Endangered species on the IUCN Red List of Threate ...
, ''Anaxyrus californicus''
:::
Yosemite toad
The Yosemite toad (''Anaxyrus canorus'', formerly ''Bufo canorus'') is a species of true toad in the family Bufonidae. Endemic to the Sierra Nevada of California, the species ranges from the Alpine County to Fresno County. Yosemite toads are only ...
, ''Anaxyrus canorus''
:::
Great Plains toad
The Great Plains toad, ''Anaxyrus cognatus'', is a relatively large species of true toad native to central North America.
Distribution
The amphibian is native throughout the Canadian Prairies (northern Great Plains) in southern Alberta, Manitoba ...
, ''Anaxyrus cognatus''
:::
Chihuahuan green toad, ''Anaxyrus debilis''
:::
Black toad
The black toad (''Anaxyrus exsul''), also known as the Inyo toad or Deep Springs toad, is a true toad that lives only in scattered oases in the Deep Springs Valley of Inyo County, California. In fact, its original scientific name, ''Bufo exsul'', ...
, ''Anaxyrus exsul''
:::
Fowler's toad
Fowler's toad (''Anaxyrus fowleri'') is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. The species is native to North America, where it occurs in much of the eastern United States and parts of adjacent Canada. It was previously considered a subspec ...
, ''Anaxyrus fowleri''
:::
Canadian toad
The Canadian toad (''Anaxyrus hemiophrys''), also known as the Dakota toad, is a species of toad that ranges from the prairie regions of western Canada south to parts of the United States upper midwest. It belongs to the family Bufonidae, the "tr ...
, ''Anaxyrus hemiophrys''
:::
Houston toad, ''Anaxyrus houstonensis''
:::
Arizona toad
The Arizona toad (''Anaxyrus microscaphus'') is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the south-western United States, where its natural habitats are temperate lowland forests, rivers and streams, swamps, freshwater marshes, ...
, ''Anaxyrus microscaphus''
:::
Hot Creek toad, ''Anaxyrus monfontanus''
:::
Railroad Valley toad, ''Anaxyrus nevadensis''
:::
Red-spotted toad
The red-spotted toad (''Anaxyrus punctatus'', formerly ''Bufo punctatus'') is a toad in the family Bufonidae found in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico.
Description
It is a small toad species growing to in length. It has a f ...
, ''Anaxyrus punctatus''
:::
Oak toad
The oak toad (''Anaxyrus quercicus'') is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the coastal regions of southeastern United States. , ''Anaxyrus quercicus''
:::
Sonoran green toad
The Sonoran green toad (''Anaxyrus retiformis''; in Spanish "sapo verde de Sonora" or "sapo verde sonorense") is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is found in northern Mexico and the southwestern United States.
Distribution and habit ...
, ''Anaxyrus retiformis''
:::
Texas toad, ''Anaxyrus speciosus''
:::
Southern toad, ''Anaxyrus terrestris''
:::
Woodhouse's toad
Woodhouse's toad (''Anaxyrus woodhousii'') is a medium-sized () true toad native to the United States and Mexico. There are three recognized subspecies. ''A. woodhousii'' tends to hybridize with '' Anaxyrus americanus'' where their ranges overlap ...
, ''Anaxyrus woodhousii''
:::
Dixie Valley toad
The Dixie Valley toad (''Anaxyrus williamsi'' or ''Bufo williamsi'') is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Churchill County in the state of Nevada in the United States. It was the first new toad species to be described ...
, ''Anaxyrus williamsi''
:::
Colorado River toad, ''Incilius alvarius''
:::
Coastal plains toad, ''Incilius nebulifer'' (formerly in ''
Incilius valliceps
The Gulf Coast toad (''Incilius valliceps'') is a species of toad native to eastern and southeastern Mexico and Central America as far south as Costa Rica.
Description
The Gulf Coast toad is a medium-sized toad species, ranging from in leng ...
'')
:::
South American cane toad, ''Rhinella marina'' and:
::::
Mesoamerican Cane toad, ''Rhinella horribilis''
Family: Hylidae
=Subfamily: Hylinae
=
:::Tree frogs
:::
Pine Barrens tree frog, ''Hyla andersonii'' (''Dryophytes andersonii''
)
:::
Canyon tree frog
The canyon tree frog (''Dryophytes arenicolor'') is a species of tree frog native to the rocky plateau areas of southern United States, primarily in New Mexico and Arizona, but it also ranges to Utah, Texas, and Colorado, and as far south as the ...
, ''Hyla arenicolor'' (''Dryophytes arenicolor''
)
:::
Bird-voiced tree frog
The bird-voiced tree frog (''Dryophytes avivoca'') is a species of frog in the family Hylidae, endemic to the United States. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, shrub-dominated wetlands, and swamps.
Description
The bird-voiced tree frog ...
, ''Hyla avivoca'' (''Dryophytes avivoca''
)
:::
Cope's gray treefrog, ''Hyla chrysoscelis'' (''Dryophytes chrysoscelis''
)
:::
American green tree frog
The American green tree frog (''Dryophytes cinereus'' or ''Hyla cinerea'') is a common arboreal species of New World tree frog belonging to the family Hylidae. This nocturnal insectivore is moderately sized and has a bright green to reddish-brow ...
, ''Hyla cinerea'' (''Dryophytes cinereus''
)
:::
Pine woods tree frog, ''Hyla femoralis'' (''Dryophytes femoralis''
)
:::
Barking tree frog, ''Hyla gratiosa'' (''Dryophytes gratiosus''
)
:::
Squirrel tree frog, ''Hyla squirella'' (''Dryophytes squirellus''
)
:::
Gray tree frog
The gray treefrog (''Dryophytes versicolor'') is a species of small arboreal holarctic tree frog native to much of the eastern United States and southeastern Canada.
It is sometimes referred to as the eastern gray treefrog, northern gray tree ...
, ''Hyla versicolor'' (''Dryophytes versicolor''
)
:::
Arizona tree frog, ''Hyla wrightorum'' (''Dryophytes wrightorum''
) (formerly in ''
Hyla eximia
''Dryophytes eximius'', commonly known as the mountain tree frog, is a species of frog in the family Hylidae endemic to Mexico. Its natural habitats are mesquite
Mesquite is a common name for several plants in the genus '' Prosopis'', which ...
'')
:::Chorus frogs
:::
Mountain chorus frog, ''Pseudacris brachyphona'' and:
::::
Collinses’ mountain chorus frog, ''Pseudacris collinsorum''
:::
Brimley's chorus frog
Brimley's chorus frog (''Pseudacris brimleyi'') is a species of frog in the family Hylidae, endemic to the United States, and is named for North Carolina zoologist C.S. Brimley.
Its natural habitats are subtropical forests, rivers, intermittent ...
, ''Pseudacris brimleyi''
:::
California tree frog
The California tree frog or California chorus frog (''Pseudacris cadaverina'') is a "true" tree frog (family Hylidae) from southern California (USA) and Baja California (Mexico). Until recently, the California tree frog was classified in the genu ...
, ''Pseudacris cadaverina''
:::
Spotted chorus frog
The spotted chorus frog or Clark's tree frog (''Pseudacris clarkii'') is a small, nocturnal tree frog native to the grasslands and prairies of the central United States and Tamaulipas, Mexico. It is found from central Kansas, Oklahoma, and northe ...
, ''Pseudacris clarkii''
:::
Spring peeper
The spring peeper (''Pseudacris crucifer'') is a small chorus frog widespread throughout the eastern United States and Canada. They prefer permanent ponds due to their advantage in avoiding predation; however, they are very adaptable with respect ...
, ''Pseudacris crucifer''
:::
Western chorus frog, ''Pseudacris triseriata'' and:
::::
Upland chorus frog
The upland chorus frog (''Pseudacris feriarum'') is a species of chorus frog found in the United States. It was recently separated from the Western chorus frog, (''Pseudacris triseriata''), being identified as an individual species rather than a ...
, ''Pseudacris feriarum'' and:
:::::
Cajun chorus frog, ''Pseudacris fouquettei''
::::
New Jersey chorus frog, ''Pseudacris kalmi''
:::
Pacific tree frog
The Pacific tree frog (''Pseudacris regilla''), also known as the Pacific chorus frog, has a range spanning the Pacific Northwest, from Northern California, Oregon, and Washington to British Columbia in Canada and extreme southern Alaska. They l ...
, ''Pseudacris regilla'' and:
::::
Baja California tree frog, ''Pseudacris hypochondriaca''
::::
Sierran tree frog, ''Pseudacris sierra''
:::
Illinois chorus frog, ''Pseudacris illinoensis'' or ''Pseudacris streckeri illinoensis''
:::
Boreal chorus frog
The boreal chorus frog (''Pseudacris maculata'') is a species of chorus frog native to Canada from central Quebec to eastern British Columbia and north to the Northwest Territories and the southern portion of the Yukon.Bee, M. A., Cook, J. M., L ...
, ''Pseudacris maculata''
:::
Southern chorus frog
The southern chorus frog (''Pseudacris nigrita'') is a species of frog in the family Hylidae, endemic to the southeastern United States. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, temperate grassland, shrub-dominated wetlands, swamps, freshwate ...
, ''Pseudacris nigrita''
:::
Little grass frog, ''Pseudacris ocularis''
:::
Ornate chorus frog
The ornate chorus frog (''Pseudacris ornata'') is a species of chorus frog endemic to the Southeastern United States. Their distribution ranges from North Carolina, east to the very eastern part of Louisiana, and south to northern parts of Flori ...
, ''Pseudacris ornata''
:::
Strecker's chorus frog, ''Pseudacris streckeri''
:::Cricket frogs
:::
Cricket frog
Cricket frogs, genus ''Acris'', are small, North American frogs of the family Hylidae. They occur in northern Mexico ( Coahuila), the United States east of the Rocky Mountains, and in southern Ontario, Canada.
They are more aquatic than other ...
, ''Acris crepitans'' and:
::::
Blanchard's cricket frog, ''Acris (crepitans) blanchardi''
:::
Southern cricket frog, ''Acris gryllus''
:::Other tree frogs
:::
Cuban tree frog
The Cuban tree frog (''Osteopilus septentrionalis'') is a large species of tree frog that is native to Cuba, the Bahamas, and the Cayman Islands; but has become invasive in several other places around the Americas. Its wide diet and ability to ...
, ''Osteopilus septentrionalis''
*
:::
Mexican tree frog, ''Smilisca baudinii''
:::
Lowland burrowing tree frog, ''Smilisca fodiens''
Family: Pelodryadidae
:::(Australian treefrogs)
:::
Australian green tree frog, ''Ranoidea caerulea''
*
Family: Ranidae
:::Typical frogs
:::
Northern red-legged frog
The northern red-legged frog (''Rana aurora'') is a species of amphibian, whose range is the coastal region stretching from southwest British Columbia to southern Mendocino County in Northern California, and is protected in Oregon and Californ ...
, ''Rana aurora'' and:
::::
California red-legged frog, ''Rana draytonii''
:::
Foothill yellow-legged frog
The foothill yellow-legged frog (''Rana boylii'') is a small-sized frog from the genus ''Rana'' in the family Ranidae. This species can be found in the Coast Ranges from northern Oregon, through California, and into Baja California, Mexico as ...
, ''Rana boylii''
:::
Cascades frog
The Cascades frog (''Rana cascadae'') is a species of frog in the family Ranidae found in the Pacific Northwest, mainly in the Cascade Range and Olympic Mountains.
Description
Appearance
The Cascades frog has a green to brown color on its b ...
, ''Rana cascadae''
:::
Columbia spotted frog
The Columbia spotted frog (''Rana luteiventris'') is a North American species of frog. It is green to brown in color with spots on the dorsal surface. The belly and upper lip are white in color. Individuals can be distinguished from other ''Ran ...
, ''Rana luteiventris''
:::
Southern mountain yellow-legged frog, ''Rana muscosa'' and:
::::
Sierra Nevada yellow-legged frog
The Sierra Nevada yellow-legged frog or Sierra Nevada Mountain yellow-legged frog (''Rana sierrae'') is a true frog endemic to the Sierra Nevada of California and Nevada in the United States. It was formerly considered '' Rana muscosa'' until a 2 ...
, ''Rana sierrae''
:::
Oregon spotted frog, ''Rana pretiosa''
:::Water frogs
:::
American bullfrog
The American bullfrog (''Lithobates catesbeianus''), often simply known as the bullfrog in Canada and the United States, is a large true frog native to eastern North America. It typically inhabits large permanent water bodies such as swamps, po ...
, ''Lithobates catesbeianus''
:::
Gopher frog, ''Lithobates capito''
:::
Crawfish frog, ''Lithobates areolatus''
:::
Mississippi gopher frog
The Mississippi gopher frog (''Lithobates sevosus''), also known commonly as the dark gopher frog, the dusky gopher frog, and the St. Tammany gopher frog, is a critically endangered species of frog in the family Ranidae (true frogs). The speci ...
or dusky gopher frog, ''Lithobates sevosus''
:::
Rio Grande leopard frog, ''Lithobates berlandieri''
:::
Plains leopard frog
The Plains leopard frog (''Lithobates blairi'') is a spotted frog found in North America. It is sometimes referred to as Blair's leopard frog, named after the noted zoology, zoologist and University of Texas professor, Dr. W. Frank Blair.
Descri ...
, ''Lithobates blairi''
:::
Chiricahua leopard frog
The Chiricahua leopard frog (''Lithobates chiricahuensis'' syn. ''Rana chiricahuensis'') is a species of frog in the family Ranidae, the true frogs. Distribution and habitat
It is native to Mexico and the United States (Arizona and New Mexico) ...
, ''Lithobates chiricahuensis'' and:
::::
Ramsey Canyon leopard frog, ''Lithobates subaquavocalis'' ,
:::
Green frog, ''Lithobates clamitans'' or ''Rana clamitans''
:::
Vegas Valley leopard frog
The Vegas Valley leopard frog (''Lithobates fisheri''), also known as the Las Vegas leopard frog, is an extinct species of frog. It once occurred in the Las Vegas Valley, as well as Tule Springs, Clark County, southern Nevada in the United State ...
, ''Lithobates fisheri''
:::
Pig frog, ''Lithobates grylio''
:::
River frog, ''Lithobates heckscheri''
:::
Florida bog frog, ''Lithobates okaloosae'' or ''Rana okaloosae''
:::
Relict leopard frog
The relict leopard frog (''Lithobates onca'') is a species of frog in the family Ranidae, endemic to the United States. It is found along the Colorado river in extreme northwestern Arizona, and adjacent Nevada and southwestern Utah, although its ...
, ''Lithobates onca'' or ''Rana onca''
:::
Pickerel frog
The pickerel frog (''Lithobates palustris'', formerly ''Rana palustris'') is a small North American frog, characterized by the appearance of seemingly "hand-drawn" squares on its dorsal surface.
Distinguishing features
The pickerel frog is a m ...
, ''Lithobates palustris''
:::
Northern leopard frog, ''Lithobates pipiens'' or ''Rana pipiens'' and:
::::
Mid-Atlantic coast leopard frog, ''Lithobates kauffeldi''
:::
Mink frog
The mink frog (''Lithobates septentrionalis'') is a small species of frog native to the United States and Canada. They are so named for their scent, which reportedly smells like a mink. The scent is more akin to that of rotting onions to those u ...
, ''Lithobates septentrionalis''
:::
Southern leopard frog
''Lithobates sphenocephalus'' or ''Rana sphenocephala'', commonly known as the southern leopard frog, is a medium-sized anuran in the family Ranidae (the true frogs). It is native to eastern North America from Kansas to New York to Florida. It is ...
, ''Lithobates sphenocephalus''
:::
Wood frog, ''Lithobates sylvaticus''
:::
Tarahumara frog, ''Lithobates tarahumarae'' or ''Rana tarahumarae''
:::
Carpenter frog, ''Lithobates virgatipes''
:::
Lowland leopard frog
The lowland leopard frog (''Lithobates yavapaiensis'') is a species of frog in the family Ranidae that is found in Mexico and the United States.
Its natural habitats are temperate forests, rivers, intermittent rivers, freshwater lakes, and fres ...
, ''Lithobates yavapaiensis''
:::
Japanese wrinkled frog, ''Glandirana rugosa''
* (
Hawaii
Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pacific Ocean about from the U.S. mainland. It is the only U.S. state outside North America, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only stat ...
only)
Family:
Craugastoridae
Craugastoridae, commonly known as fleshbelly frogs, is a family of New World direct-developing frogs. As delineated here, following the Amphibian Species of the World, it contains 129 species. They are found from the southern United States south ...
:::
Barking frog, ''Craugastor augusti''
Family: Eleutherodactylidae
=Subfamily: Eleutherodactylinae
=
:::
Coquí
Coquí is the common name for several species of small frogs in the genus ''Eleutherodactylus'' native to Puerto Rico. They are onomatopoeically named for the very loud mating call which the males of two species, the common coqui and the upland ...
, ''Eleutherodactylus coqui''
* (
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico (; abbreviated PR; tnq, Boriken, ''Borinquen''), officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico ( es, link=yes, Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico, lit=Free Associated State of Puerto Rico), is a Caribbean island and Unincorporated ...
only)
:::
Rio Grande chirping frog, ''Eleutherodactylus cystignathoides'' , only:
::::
Rio Grande chirping frog, ''Eleutherodactylus (cystignathoides) campi''
:::
Spotted chirping frog, ''Eleutherodactylus guttilatus''
:::
Antilles coqui, ''Eleutherodactylus johnstonei''
(
Bermuda
)
, anthem = "God Save the King"
, song_type = National song
, song = " Hail to Bermuda"
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, image_map2 =
, mapsize2 =
, map_caption2 =
, subdivision_type = Sovereign state
, subdivision_name =
, e ...
, introduced), and:
::::
Montserrat whistling frog, ''Eleutherodactylus montserratae''
(Bermuda)
:::
Cliff chirping frog, ''Eleutherodactylus marnockii''
:::
Greenhouse frog, ''Eleutherodactylus planirostris''
*
Family: Leptodactylidae
=Subfamily:
Leptodactylinae
The Leptodactylinae are a subfamily of leptodactylid frogs distributed between southern North America (Texas, USA, and Sonora, Mexico) and South America to Brazil. Their sister taxon is the clade comprising the Leiuperinae and Paratelmatobiinae. ...
=
:::
Mexican white-lipped frog
''Leptodactylus fragilis'', known under many common names such as the Mexican white-lipped frog, American white-lipped frog or simply white-lipped frog, is a species of leptodactylid frog. Its distribution ranges from the Lower Rio Grande Vall ...
, ''Leptodactylus fragilis''
Family:
Microhylidae
The Microhylidae, commonly known as narrow-mouthed frogs, are a geographically widespread family of frogs. The 683 species are in 63 genera and 11 subfamilies, which is the largest number of genera of any frog family.
Evolution
A molecular phylo ...
=Subfamily:
Gastrophryninae
The Microhylidae, commonly known as narrow-mouthed frogs, are a geographically widespread family of frogs. The 683 species are in 63 genera and 11 subfamilies, which is the largest number of genera of any frog family.
Evolution
A molecular phylo ...
=
:::
Sheep frog, ''Hypopachus variolosus''
=Subfamily:
Microhylinae
The Microhylinae are a subfamily of microhylid frogs. It contains 9 genera. Phylogenetic studies have estimated the family Microhylidae to be about 52 million years old.
Genera
The following genera are recognised in the subfamily Microhylinae:
...
=
:::North American narrow-mouthed frogs
:::
Eastern narrow-mouthed toad, ''Gastrophryne carolinensis''
:::
Western narrow-mouthed toad, ''Gastrophryne olivacea'' and:
::::
Sinaloan narrow-mouthed toad, ''Gastrophryne mazatlanensis''
Family:
Dendrobatidae
Poison dart frog (also known as dart-poison frog, poison frog or formerly known as poison arrow frog) is the common name of a group of frogs in the Family (biology), family Dendrobatidae which are native to tropical Central and South America. T ...
=Subfamily: Dendrobatinae
=
:::
Green-and-black poison dart frog, ''Dendrobates auratus''
* (
Hawaii
Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pacific Ocean about from the U.S. mainland. It is the only U.S. state outside North America, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only stat ...
only)
See also
*
List of reptiles of North America north of Mexico
This is a checklist of American reptiles found in Northern America, based primarily on publications by the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles (SSAR). It includes all species of Bermuda, Canada, Greenland, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, an ...
*
List of U.S. state reptiles
Twenty-eight U.S. states have named an official state reptile. As with other United States state symbols, state symbols, states compare admirable aspects of the reptile and of the state, within designating statutes. Schoolchildren often start ca ...
*
List of U.S. state amphibians
*
List of threatened reptiles and amphibians of the United States
*
List of U.S. state birds
A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to:
People
* List (surname)
Organizations
* List College, an undergraduate division of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America
* SC Germania List, German rugby union ...
*
List of birds of North America
The lists of birds in the light blue box below are divided by biological family. The lists are based on ''The AOS Check-list of North American Birds'' of the American Ornithological Society and ''The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World'' su ...
*
List of U.S. state mammals
A state mammal is the official mammal of a U.S. state as designated by a state's legislature. The first column of the table is for those denoted as the state mammal, and the second shows the state marine mammals. Animals with more specific designa ...
*
List of mammals of North America
*
Lists of reptiles by region
The following are the regional reptiles lists by continent.
Continent
List of reptiles of Africa, Africa
*List of reptiles of the Canary Islands, Canary Islands
*List of reptiles of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of ...
*
Lists of amphibians by region
Notes
References
Further reading
*
*
*
External links
8th Edition of Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of North America North of Mexicopublished by th
Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles (SSAR) available on the website of the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists
*
*
University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
for the Identification of Amphibians in North America north of Mexico
*
ttp://www.iucnredlist.org/ The IUCN Red List of Threatened SpeciesEndangered Species Program – US Fish & Wildlife ServiceSpecies Search – US Fish & Wildlife ServiceEndangered Species Act – National Marine Fisheries Service – NOAA
{{North America topic, List of amphibians of
*
.
.
North America
North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...
Amphibians
Amphibians are four-limbed and ectothermic vertebrates of the class Amphibia. All living amphibians belong to the group Lissamphibia. They inhabit a wide variety of habitats, with most species living within terrestrial, fossorial, arbore ...