Drudkh is a Ukrainian
black metal
Black metal is an extreme metal, extreme subgenre of heavy metal music. Common traits include Tempo#Beats per minute, fast tempos, a Screaming (music)#Black metal, shrieking vocal style, heavily distorted Electric guitar, guitars played with t ...
band. It currently consists of (former member of
Hate Forest
Hate Forest is a Ukrainian black metal band formed by Roman Saenko, the leading member of Drudkh, Dark Ages, and Blood of Kingu. Thurios joined the band in 1998 after the recording of ''Scythia''. The music is mostly very fast, but occasionall ...
and
Dark Ages), Thurios (former member of
Astrofaes), Krechet, and Vlad. All four also belonged to
Blood of Kingu
Blood of Kingu was a black metal band from Ukraine formed in 2005 by Roman Saenko, the main member of Drudkh, Dark Ages and Hate Forest.
Lyrically, Blood of Kingu deals with Sumerian/ Ancient Egyptian and Indo-European mythology and history. ...
until it was disbanded. Their lyrics and artistic themes embrace
Slavic mythology
Slavic mythology or Slavic religion is the religious beliefs, myths, and ritual practices of the Slavs before Christianisation, which occurred at various stages between the 8th and the 13th century. The South Slavs, who likely settled in the B ...
and
Ukrainian nationalism
Ukrainian nationalism refers to the promotion of the unity of Ukrainians as a people and it also refers to the promotion of the identity of Ukraine as a nation state. The nation building that arose as nationalism grew following the French Revol ...
. Many of the band's lyrics are derived from the works of nineteenth- and twentieth-century Ukrainian poets (
Oleksandr Oles
Oleksandr Oles (real name Oleksandr Ivanovych Kandyba) ( uk, Олександр Іванович Олесь) (1878–1944) was a prominent Ukrainian writer and poet. He is the father of another Ukrainian poet and political activist, Oleh Olzhych, ...
,
Oleh Olzhych
Oleh Olzhych (July 8, 1907, Zhytomyr, Russian Empire - 9 June 1944, Sachsenhausen concentration camp, Germany) was a Ukrainian poet and political activist. Born as Oleh Kandyba, he was forced to emigrate from Ukraine in 1923 due to occupation by t ...
,
Maik Yohansen
Maik (Mykhailo) Hervasiiovych Yohansen or Mike Johansen ( uk, Майк Гервасійович Йогансен; pseudonyms Villi Vetselius illy Wetzeliusand M. Kramar; 16 October 1895, Kharkiv, Ukraine – 27 October 1937, Kyiv, Ukraine) – wa ...
, etc.) and especially
Taras Shevchenko
Taras Hryhorovych Shevchenko ( uk, Тарас Григорович Шевченко , pronounced without the middle name; – ), also known as Kobzar Taras, or simply Kobzar (a kobzar is a bard in Ukrainian culture), was a Ukraine, Ukrainian p ...
.
Drudkh have been particularly secretive throughout the course of their career, even for a black metal band, giving no interviews and not releasing the lyrics to several of their albums. From their conception until 2009, Drudkh did not have any official website, but in May 2009,
Season of Mist
Season of Mist is an independent record label and record distributor with subsidiaries in France and the United States. The record label was founded in 1996 by Michael S. Berberian in Marseille, France. From the start releasing black metal, pag ...
launched an official
Myspace, operated by the label rather than the band.
History
Drudkh has released eleven albums, two EPs, four splits, and two compilations of material from the band's early splits and EPs. Their early releases were released on CD through the
English
English usually refers to:
* English language
* English people
English may also refer to:
Peoples, culture, and language
* ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England
** English national ide ...
extreme metal
Extreme metal is a loosely defined umbrella term for a number of related heavy metal music subgenres that have developed since the early 1980s. It has been defined as a "cluster of metal subgenres characterized by sonic, verbal, and visual tran ...
record label
Supernal Music, with the exception of the EP (which was a vinyl release), and, again with the exception of the EP, on vinyl through two
Finnish
Finnish may refer to:
* Something or someone from, or related to Finland
* Culture of Finland
* Finnish people or Finns, the primary ethnic group in Finland
* Finnish language, the national language of the Finnish people
* Finnish cuisine
See also ...
black metal labels,
Northern Heritage and Faustian Distribution. More recent releases have been through Season of Mist, which has also issued remastered versions of the band's earlier albums as
digipak
Optical disc packaging is the packaging that accompanies CDs, DVDs, and other formats of optical discs. Most packaging is rigid or semi-rigid and designed to protect the media from scratches and other types of exposure damage.
Jewel case
A ...
s.
The band's first album, ''
Forgotten Legends
''Forgotten Legends'' is the first full-length album by Ukrainian black metal band Drudkh. The album's sound and atmosphere have often been compared favourably to those of Burzum. The lyrics to the album are not publicly known and have never be ...
'', was released on August 18, 2003. The album establishes the band's trademark epic sound; its three tracks and one
outro span nearly forty minutes, with the longest track, "False Dawn", nearing the sixteen-minute mark. ''
Terrorizer
Terrorizer is an American grindcore band formed in 1986 in Los Angeles, California. After disbanding, its members gained recognition by playing in influential extreme metal bands, such as Morbid Angel ( David Vincent, Pete Sandoval), Napalm ...
'' included ''Forgotten Legends'' in its Top 40 Black Metal albums list.
''
Autumn Aurora
''Autumn Aurora'' is the second album by Ukrainian black metal band Drudkh, released in 2004. It is the first Drudkh album to incorporate synthesizers and, as with its predecessor, its lyrics have never been released.
Some releases of ''Autum ...
'' followed on November 28, 2004. While continuing its predecessor's general mood and atmosphere, it distinguishes itself by incorporating
synthesizer
A synthesizer (also spelled synthesiser) is an electronic musical instrument that generates audio signals. Synthesizers typically create sounds by generating waveforms through methods including subtractive synthesis, additive synthesis and ...
s and other such
keyboard instrument
A keyboard instrument is a musical instrument played using a keyboard, a row of levers which are pressed by the fingers. The most common of these are the piano, organ, and various electronic keyboards, including synthesizers and digital piano ...
s. ''Autumn Aurora'' has frequently been cited as Drudkh's finest album, although some fans give the nod to the later ''
Blood in Our Wells
''Blood in Our Wells'' ( uk, Кров у наших криницях, Krov u nashykh krynytsyakh) is the fourth album by Ukrainian black metal band Drudkh, released in 2006. The name of the album comes from a line of the 1935 poem by Oleh Olzhych. ...
''. This record had a strong critical success: for example, it was chosen as the best album of the year by
Chronicles of Chaos web-zine.
After ''Autumn Aurora'', Amorth (drums, keyboards) joined the band and replaced Yuriy.
''
The Swan Road
''The Swan Road'' ( uk, Лебединий шлях, Lebedýnyi šljax) is the third album by the Ukrainian black metal band Drudkh, released in 2005. It is characterized by shorter songs and more prominent lyrics than are found on previous Drud ...
'' (''Лебединий шлях''), released on March 14, 2005, marked a departure in a number of ways. It was well-reviewed and is the first Drudkh album to have Ukrainian lyrics, all of which are adapted or taken directly from the work ''
The Haidamakas'' (
1841) by
Taras Shevchenko
Taras Hryhorovych Shevchenko ( uk, Тарас Григорович Шевченко , pronounced without the middle name; – ), also known as Kobzar Taras, or simply Kobzar (a kobzar is a bard in Ukrainian culture), was a Ukraine, Ukrainian p ...
, narrating about the
Ukrainian anti-Polish uprising of 1768. Its CD booklet included prints of Shevchenko's notebooks, which many non-Ukrainian-speaking fans mistook for song lyrics. The addition of Shevchenko's poetry can also be said to have given Drudkh's music a more pronounced
nationalistic leaning, a move continued on the next album.
On March 23, 2006, Drudkh released ''Blood in Our Wells'' (''Кров у наших криницях''), once again through Supernal Music, in a deluxe edition (limited to 1000 hand-numbered copies) and a normal CD edition. On this album, poetry from four nineteenth- and twentieth-century Ukrainian poets (including
Oleksandr Oles
Oleksandr Oles (real name Oleksandr Ivanovych Kandyba) ( uk, Олександр Іванович Олесь) (1878–1944) was a prominent Ukrainian writer and poet. He is the father of another Ukrainian poet and political activist, Oleh Olzhych, ...
and
Lina Kostenko
Lina Vasylivna Kostenko ( uk, Ліна Василівна Костенко; born 19 March 1930) is a Ukrainian poet, journalist, writer, publisher, and former Soviet dissident. A founder and leading representative of the Sixtiers poetry movem ...
) serves as lyrical material, and the album itself was dedicated to
Stepan Bandera
Stepan Andriyovych Bandera ( uk, Степа́н Андрі́йович Банде́ра, Stepán Andríyovych Bandéra, ; pl, Stepan Andrijowycz Bandera; 1 January 1909 – 15 October 1959) was a Ukrainian far-right leader of the radical, terr ...
, leader of the
Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists
The Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists ( uk, Організація українських націоналістів, Orhanizatsiya ukrayins'kykh natsionalistiv, abbreviated OUN) was a Ukrainian ultranationalist political organization estab ...
. Musically, the album adds
progressive rock
Progressive rock (shortened as prog rock or simply prog; sometimes conflated with art rock) is a broad genre of rock music that developed in the United Kingdom and United States through the mid- to late 1960s, peaking in the early 1970s. Init ...
influences and increased use of traditional
heavy metal soloing into the mix, while retaining the band's tradition of blending black metal and Ukrainian folk music. Because several tracks sample the Ukrainian poetic film ''
Mamay'' (2003), the album has greater use of cinematic elements than its predecessors. It was Drudkh's first record to appear in the ''
Terrorizer
Terrorizer is an American grindcore band formed in 1986 in Los Angeles, California. After disbanding, its members gained recognition by playing in influential extreme metal bands, such as Morbid Angel ( David Vincent, Pete Sandoval), Napalm ...
'' Top 40 year list, placing at number 35.
After the release of ''Blood in Our Wells'', Amorth was exiled from the band, and new members Krechet (bass) and Vlad (drums) joined.
On October 19, 2006, Drudkh released ''
Songs of Grief and Solitude'' (''Пісні скорботи і самітності''). This release is composed of folk music, with much of the music containing melodic elements from previous Drudkh compositions (for example, "The Cranes Will Never Return Here" is based on a riff from "Solitude" on ''Blood in Our Wells'', and "Archaic Dance" is based on a riff from "Glare of 1768" on ''The Swan Road''). It is entirely instrumental, with barely any drumming, and prominently features wind instruments. The album received mixed reviews, with some fans criticizing the band for reusing old material, and others praising the band's radical reconstruction of its own sound.
On April 16, 2007, Supernal Music released Drudkh's ''
Anti-Urban'', a 45-RPM 10 inch coloured vinyl limited to 999 hand-numbered copies containing exclusive tracks available only to Supernal Music customers.
Season of Mist
Season of Mist is an independent record label and record distributor with subsidiaries in France and the United States. The record label was founded in 1996 by Michael S. Berberian in Marseille, France. From the start releasing black metal, pag ...
later re-released it as a
mini CD
Mini CDs, or pocket CDs, are CDs with a smaller diameter and one-third the storage capacity of a standard 120 mm disc.
Formats
Amongst the various formats are the
*Mini CD single, a small disc. The format is mainly used for audio CD si ...
in 2009 as part of the deluxe box-set edition of ''
Microcosmos'', and it was also included on the band's collection ''Eastern Frontier in Flames''.
The band's next release, a full-length black metal album titled ''
Estrangement'' (''Вiдчуженiсть''), was released on August 25, 2007, again as a limited deluxe edition (1000 hand-numbered copies) and as a normal CD.
The album, which had the working title ''River of Tears'', had been rumored to have a "
Burzum
Burzum (; ) was a Norwegian music project founded by Varg Vikernes in 1991. Although Burzum never played live performances, it became a part of the early Norwegian black metal scene and is considered one of the most influential acts in black m ...
ic" feel before its release, and in some ways, this was borne out by the album's release; its songs were in many ways significantly more minimalistic than those on ''Blood in Our Wells''. Its lyrics were based completely on the 1931-1932 works of Ukrainian poet Oleh Olzhych. Reception to the album has been largely positive, with many fans hailing it as a return to the band's roots or praising the band's musicianship demonstrated in the album's many solos. Notably, the album also featured the band's first prominent use of blast beats since ''The Swan Road''. A spoken introduction in the first track is taken from the 1995 Ukrainian feature film ' about Bandera's life and assassination.
In Autumn 2008, the band signed with the
French label Season of Mist. On June 22 (July 14 in the
United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...
), 2009, the seventh Drudkh album ''Microcosmos'' was released through the label Underground Activists, published by Season of Mist. The standard CD version is a
digipak
Optical disc packaging is the packaging that accompanies CDs, DVDs, and other formats of optical discs. Most packaging is rigid or semi-rigid and designed to protect the media from scratches and other types of exposure damage.
Jewel case
A ...
; a limited edition box set also contained an MCD re-release of ''Anti-Urban''. The lyrics are once again taken from
Ukrainian
Ukrainian may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to Ukraine
* Something relating to Ukrainians, an East Slavic people from Eastern Europe
* Something relating to demographics of Ukraine in terms of demography and population of Ukraine
* So ...
poets, like
Ivan Franko
Ivan Yakovych Franko (Ukrainian: Іван Якович Франко, pronounced ˈwɑn ˈjɑkowɪtʃ frɐnˈkɔ 27 August 1856 – 28 May 1916) was a Ukrainian poet, writer, social and literary critic, journalist, interpreter, economist, ...
,
Oleh Olzhych
Oleh Olzhych (July 8, 1907, Zhytomyr, Russian Empire - 9 June 1944, Sachsenhausen concentration camp, Germany) was a Ukrainian poet and political activist. Born as Oleh Kandyba, he was forced to emigrate from Ukraine in 1923 due to occupation by t ...
, or
Bohdan Rubchak. The outro is sampled from ''Assassination''. The album was praised by critics, ranking eleventh in ''Terrorizer''s Top 40 Albums of 2009
[ and third in Haunting the Chapel's (]Stereogum
''Stereogum'' is a daily Internet publication that focuses on music news, reviews, interviews, and commentary. The site was created in January 2002 by Scott Lapatine.
''Stereogum'' was one of the first MP3 blogs and has received several award ...
's metal section) Top 30 Metal Albums of 2009.
In November 2009, Season of Mist began re-releasing Drudkh's whole catalogue, starting with remastered reissues of ''Forgotten Legends'' and ''Autumn Aurora'', and finishing with new editions of ''Songs of Grief and Solitude'' and ''Estrangement'' in June 2010.
Drudkh's eighth full-length album, '' Handful of Stars'' (''Пригорща зірок''), was released on September 21, 2010, via Season of Mist
Season of Mist is an independent record label and record distributor with subsidiaries in France and the United States. The record label was founded in 1996 by Michael S. Berberian in Marseille, France. From the start releasing black metal, pag ...
. Critics and fans noticed the changes in style and sound: it was much clearer than previous efforts and bore influence from post-rock
Post-rock is a form of experimental rock characterized by a focus on exploring textures and timbre over traditional rock song structures, chords, or riffs. Post-rock artists are often instrumental, typically combining rock instrumentation with ...
. The record received mixed reviews as a result, though it appeared in ''Haunting the Chapel'' Top 50 Albums of 2010 at 8 position.[ Again, for lyrics was used the poetry of Ukrainian authors, such as Oleksa Stefanovych and Svyatoslav Gordynskyj. The release of the new Drudkh full-length was supported with '' Slavonic Chronicles'' mini album, which consisted of two covers of ]Master's Hammer
Master's Hammer are a black metal band from the Czech Republic. The band has remained active with several lineup changes between 1987 and 1995, with a reunion from 2009 to the present.
It is considered one of the most representative groups of i ...
and Sacrilegium
Devil Doll is an Italian-Slovenian rock band formed in 1987 by the mysterious " Mr. Doctor". The band has gained a cult following, taking influences from gothic rock, classical and Slavonic folk music, and fronted by the sprechgesang of Mr. Doc ...
. It was released as a CD only with a deluxe edition of ''Handful of Stars'' and also as 10" LP including a download card to get the digital version of the record. As opposed to ''Handful of Stars'', ''Slavonic Chronicles'' was much more stylistically similar to their older works like ''Blood in Our Wells''.
The post-rock direction, that was present at ''Handful of Stars'', has been developed in a new project titled Old Silver Key by Drudkh members with French musician Neige of Alcest
Alcest is a French post-black metal band from Bagnols-sur-Cèze, founded and led by Neige (Stéphane Paut). It began in 2000 as a black metal solo project by Neige, soon a trio, but following the release of their first demo in 2001, band membe ...
on vocals. This supergroup Supergroup or super group may refer to:
* Supergroup (music), a music group formed by artists who are already notable or respected in their fields
* Supergroup (physics), a generalization of groups, used in the study of supersymmetry
* Supergroup ...
signed to Season of Mist and released debut record titled '' Tales of Wanderings'' on September 16 (September 27 in North America), 2011.
Drudkh's album '' Eternal Turn of the Wheel'', recorded in summer 2011, was released on February 24 (March 13 in North America), 2012, through Season of Mist.
Drudkh's tenth album, ''A Furrow Cut Short'', was released on April 20, 2015.
Politics
Drudkh has been accused of being a National Socialist black metal
National Socialist black metal, also known as NSBM, Aryan black metal, and Neo-Nazi black metal, is a political movement and subgenre within the black metal music scene that promotes neo-Nazism, Fascism, and white supremacist ideologies. NSBM a ...
(NSBM) band. The band has denied this, and also denies links to fascism or any other political ideology. However, Hate Forest
Hate Forest is a Ukrainian black metal band formed by Roman Saenko, the leading member of Drudkh, Dark Ages, and Blood of Kingu. Thurios joined the band in 1998 after the recording of ''Scythia''. The music is mostly very fast, but occasionall ...
, Saenko's previous band, was more explicitly involved in the NSBM scene, and Drudkh's music has referenced the Ukrainian Insurgent Army
The Ukrainian Insurgent Army ( uk, Українська повстанська армія, УПА, translit=Ukrayins'ka povstans'ka armiia, abbreviated UPA) was a Ukrainian nationalist paramilitary and later partisan formation. During World ...
, a Ukrainian nationalist
Ukrainian nationalism refers to the promotion of the unity of Ukrainians as a people and it also refers to the promotion of the identity of Ukraine as a nation state. The nation building that arose as nationalism grew following the French Revol ...
formation from World War II that committed ethnic cleansing
Ethnic cleansing is the systematic forced removal of ethnic, racial, and religious groups from a given area, with the intent of making a region ethnically homogeneous. Along with direct removal, extermination, deportation or population transfer ...
. One reference is the sixth and final track of the album ''Blood in Our Wells
''Blood in Our Wells'' ( uk, Кров у наших криницях, Krov u nashykh krynytsyakh) is the fourth album by Ukrainian black metal band Drudkh, released in 2006. The name of the album comes from a line of the 1935 poem by Oleh Olzhych. ...
'' being titled "Ukrainian Insurgent Army", named after the entity founded by the Bandera faction of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists
The Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists ( uk, Організація українських націоналістів, Orhanizatsiya ukrayins'kykh natsionalistiv, abbreviated OUN) was a Ukrainian ultranationalist political organization estab ...
. Said album was also dedicated to Stepan Bandera
Stepan Andriyovych Bandera ( uk, Степа́н Андрі́йович Банде́ра, Stepán Andríyovych Bandéra, ; pl, Stepan Andrijowycz Bandera; 1 January 1909 – 15 October 1959) was a Ukrainian far-right leader of the radical, terr ...
,[ a Ukrainian nationalist and divisive figure of Ukrainian history.][ Yaroslav Hrytsak. (2005). Historical Memory and Regional Identity. In ''Galicia: A Multicultured Land.'' Christopher Hann and ]Paul Robert Magocsi
Paul Robert Magocsi (born January 26, 1945 in Englewood, New Jersey) is an American professor of history, political science, and Chair of Ukrainian Studies at the University of Toronto. He has been with the university since 1980, and became a Fe ...
(Eds.) Toronto: University of Toronto Press
The University of Toronto Press is a Canadian university press founded in 1901. Although it was founded in 1901, the press did not actually publish any books until 1911.
The press originally printed only examination books and the university calen ...
. pp. 185–209
Regarding NSBM allegations toward Drudkh and his relationship with Saenko, Konstantin Zmievsky, drummer for Khors
Khors, Хорсъ is a Slavic god of uncertain functions mentioned since the 12th century. Generally interpreted as a sun god, sometimes as a moon god. The meaning of the theonym is also unknown: most often his name has been combined with th ...
, stated, "I played with Astrofaes from 1996 to 2000, for four years, and we played black metal with black metal style of lyrics and we’ve never been interested in national socialism or neo-Nazis and stuff like this. Later, I joined Hate Forest... I played with them for maybe two years, we played only one show. I know the guys very well and they’ve never been Nazis or neo-Nazis."
Members
Current
* Roman Saenko (Роман Саєнко) – guitars (2003–present)
* Thurios (Roman Blahykh, Роман Благих) – vocals, guitars (2003–present)
* Krechet – bass (2006–present)
* Vlad (Vladyslav Petrov, Владислав Петров) – drums, keyboards (2006–present)
Former
* Yuriy Synytsky (also session for Lucifugum, 2001–2007; also in Blood of Kingu) – session drums
* Amorth – session drums (2005)
Discography
;Studio albums
*''Forgotten Legends
''Forgotten Legends'' is the first full-length album by Ukrainian black metal band Drudkh. The album's sound and atmosphere have often been compared favourably to those of Burzum. The lyrics to the album are not publicly known and have never be ...
'' (2003)
*''Autumn Aurora
''Autumn Aurora'' is the second album by Ukrainian black metal band Drudkh, released in 2004. It is the first Drudkh album to incorporate synthesizers and, as with its predecessor, its lyrics have never been released.
Some releases of ''Autum ...
'' (2004)
*''The Swan Road
''The Swan Road'' ( uk, Лебединий шлях, Lebedýnyi šljax) is the third album by the Ukrainian black metal band Drudkh, released in 2005. It is characterized by shorter songs and more prominent lyrics than are found on previous Drud ...
'' (2005)
*''Blood in Our Wells
''Blood in Our Wells'' ( uk, Кров у наших криницях, Krov u nashykh krynytsyakh) is the fourth album by Ukrainian black metal band Drudkh, released in 2006. The name of the album comes from a line of the 1935 poem by Oleh Olzhych. ...
'' (2006)
*'' Songs of Grief and Solitude'' (2006)
*'' Estrangement'' (2007)
*'' Microcosmos'' (2009)
*'' Handful of Stars'' (2010)
*'' Eternal Turn of the Wheel'' (2012)
*'' A Furrow Cut Short'' (2015)
*'' They Often See Dreams About the Spring'' (2018)
*'' All Belong to the Night'' (2022)
;EPs
*'' Anti-Urban'' (2007)
*'' Slavonic Chronicles'' (2010)
;Splits
*''Thousands of Moons Ago / The Gates'' (2014; split with Winterfylleth
Winterfylleth (Ƿinterfylleþ) was the Anglo-Saxon or Old English name for the month of October. It marked and celebrated the beginning of winter.
The name of the month was recorded by Bede thus:
See also
* Anglo-Saxon
* Germanic calendar
* ...
)
*''One Who Talks With The Fog / Pyre Era, Black!'' (2016; split with Hades Almighty
Hades Almighty is a Norwegian black metal band from Bergen, Norway. They were formed in 1992, originally under the moniker Hades. They were forced to change their name to Hades Almighty in 1998, following complaints from an American band with a ...
)
*''Betrayed By The Sun / Mirages'' (2016; split with Grift)
*''Somewhere Sadness Wanders / Schnee (IV)'' (2017; split with Paysage d'Hiver)
;Compilations
*''Eastern Frontier in Flames'' (2014; compiles the band's material from their EPs and splits to date)
*''A Few Lines in Archaic Ukrainian'' (2019; compiles songs from their three most recent splits to date)
References
External links
Drudkh
at Encyclopaedia Metallum
Encyclopaedia Metallum: The Metal Archives (commonly known as Metal Archives per the URL or abbreviated as MA) is an online encyclopedia based upon musical artists who predominantly perform heavy metal music along with its various sub-genres. E ...
Drudkh
at Last.fm
Last.fm is a music website founded in the United Kingdom in 2002. Using a music recommender system called "Audioscrobbler", Last.fm builds a detailed profile of each user's musical taste by recording details of the tracks the user listens to, e ...
Drudkh
at Metal Storm
Metal Storm Limited was a research and development company based in Brisbane, Australia, that specialized in electronically initiated superposed load weapons technology and owned the proprietary rights to the electronic ballistics technolog ...
{{Authority control
Ukrainian folk metal musical groups
Ukrainian black metal musical groups
Musical groups established in 2003
Musical quartets
Season of Mist artists
Musical groups from Kharkiv