A clos (French 'enclosure') is a walled

vineyard A vineyard (; also ) is a plantation of grape-bearing vines, grown mainly for winemaking, but also raisins, table grapes and non-alcoholic grape juice. The science, practice and study of vineyard production is known as viticulture. Vineyards ...

. Walled vineyards protected the grapes from

theft Theft is the act of taking another person's property or services without that person's permission or consent with the intent to deprive the rightful owner of it. The word ''theft'' is also used as a synonym or informal shorthand term for some ...

and may improve the

mesoclimate In viticulture, there are several levels of regional climates that are used to describe the ''terroir'' or immutable characteristics of an area. These levels can be as broad as a macroclimate which includes entire wine regions or as small as a mic ...

. They were often the vineyards of

Cistercian The Cistercians, () officially the Order of Cistercians ( la, (Sacer) Ordo Cisterciensis, abbreviated as OCist or SOCist), are a Catholic religious order of monks and nuns that branched off from the Benedictines and follow the Rule of Saint ...

monasteries. The word is often used in the name of famous wines even when the wall no longer exists.

By country

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

Bordeaux Bordeaux ( , ; Gascon oc, Bordèu ; eu, Bordele; it, Bordò; es, Burdeos) is a port city on the river Garonne in the Gironde department, Southwestern France. It is the capital of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, as well as the prefectur ...

Château Léoville-Las Cases Château Léoville-Las Cases is a winery in the Saint-Julien appellation of the Bordeaux region of France. Château Léoville-Las Cases is also the name of the red wine produced by this property. The wine produced here was classified as one o ...

, Clos Haut-Peyraguey, Clos Fourtet, Clos des Jacobins, Clos de l'Oratoire, Clos de Plince, Clos Saint-Martin *

Burgundy Burgundy (; french: link=no, Bourgogne ) is a historical territory and former administrative region and province of east-central France. The province was once home to the Dukes of Burgundy from the early 11th until the late 15th century. The c ...

: Clos Napoléon (

Fixin Fixin is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in the Bourgogne region on the Grand Crus route in eastern France. The French archaeologist Roland Martin (1912–1997) died in Fixin. Wine Fixin is one of the wine communes of Côte de Nu ...

Chambertin-Clos de Bèze Chambertin-Clos de Bèze is an ''Appellation d'origine contrôlée'' (AOC) and Grand Cru vineyard for red wine in the Côte de Nuits subregion of Burgundy, with Pinot noir as the main grape variety. Chambertin-Clos de Bèze is located within the co ...

, Clos de Tart, Clos des Lambrays,

Clos de la Roche Clos de la Roche is an ''Appellation d'origine contrôlée'' for red wine in the Côte de Nuits subregion of Burgundy, with Pinot noir as the main grape variety. K. MacNeil ''The Wine Bible'' pg 191-195 Workman Publishing 2001 It is situated in t ...

Clos Saint-Denis Clos Saint-Denis is an ''Appellation d'origine contrôlée'' (AOC) and Grand Cru vineyard for red wine in the Côte de Nuits subregion of Burgundy, with Pinot noir as the main grape variety.K. MacNeil ''The Wine Bible'' pg 191-195 Workman Publishi ...

La Romanée La Romanée is an ''Appellation d'origine contrôlée'' (AOC) and Grand Cru vineyard for red wine in the Côte de Nuits subregion of Burgundy, with Pinot noir as the main grape variety.K. MacNeil ''The Wine Bible'' pg 191-195 Workman Publishing ...

together with La Romanée-Conti,

Clos de Vougeot Clos de Vougeot, also known as Clos Vougeot, is a wall-enclosed vineyard, a ''clos'', in the Burgundy wine region, and an ''Appellation d'origine contrôlée'' (AOC) for red wine from this vineyard. It was named for the River Vouge, which is in ...

, Clos des Réas ( Vougeot), Corton-Clos du Roi, Clos des Ursules, Clos des Mouches (

Beaune Beaune () is the wine capital of Burgundy in the Côte d'Or department in eastern France. It is located between Lyon and Dijon. Beaune is one of the key wine centers in France, and the center of Burgundy wine production and business. The annua ...

), Clos des Épeneaux (

Pommard Pommard () is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department and Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of eastern France. Famous for its Côte de Beaune wine production, Pommard is situated directly south of Beaune along the Route des Grands Crus. The D973 run ...

), Clos du Val (

Auxey-Duresses Auxey-Duresses () is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of eastern France. The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Alcéens'' or ''Alcéennes''. Geography Auxey-Duresses is a wine-growing commune ...

), Clos des Chênes ( Volnay),

Montrachet ''For the restaurant, see Montrachet (restaurant)'' Montrachet (pronounced ''Mon-rashay''; ) is an ''Appellation d'origine contrôlée'' (AOC) and Grand Cru vineyard for white wine made of Chardonnay in the Côte de Beaune subregion of Burgundy. I ...

Champagne Champagne (, ) is a sparkling wine originated and produced in the Champagne wine region of France under the rules of the appellation, that demand specific vineyard practices, sourcing of grapes exclusively from designated places within it, spe ...

: Clos des Goisses (

Mareuil-sur-Aÿ Mareuil-sur-Ay (, literally ''Mareuil on Ay'') is a former commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France. Since January 2016, Mareuil-sur-Aÿ is part of the administrative commune Aÿ-Champagne. Its population was 1,113 in 2019. The ...

), Clos du Mesnil (

Le Mesnil-sur-Oger Le Mesnil-sur-Oger (, literally ''Le Mesnil on Oger'') is a commune in the Marne department in the Grand Est region in north-eastern France. Champagne The village's vineyards are located in the Côte des Blancs subregion of Champagne, and are ...

; see

Champagne Krug Krug Champagne is a Champagne house founded by Joseph Krug in 1843. It is based principally in Reims, the main city in France's Champagne region and is one of the famous Champagne houses that formed part of the Grandes marques. Today the house ...

), Clos Saint Hilaire (

; see

Billecart-Salmon Billecart-Salmon is a medium-sized champagne house in Mareuil-sur-Aÿ, France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions an ...

) *

Alsace Alsace (, ; ; Low Alemannic German/ gsw-FR, Elsàss ; german: Elsass ; la, Alsatia) is a cultural region and a territorial collectivity in eastern France, on the west bank of the upper Rhine next to Germany and Switzerland. In 2020, it had ...

: Clos Sainte-Hune in

Grand Cru Cru is a wine term used to indicate a high-quality vineyard or group of vineyards. It is a French word which is traditionally translated as "growth", as is the past participle of the verb "croître" (to grow); it literally means 'grown'. The ...

Rosacker ( Hunawihr), Clos Sainte-Odile (

Obernai Obernai ( Alsatian: ''Owernah''; german: Oberehnheim) commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Alsace in north-eastern France. It lies on the eastern slopes of the Vosges mountains. Obernai is a rapidly growing city, its number of inhabitants havin ...

), Clos Saint-Urbain (Turkheim) *

Loire The Loire (, also ; ; oc, Léger, ; la, Liger) is the longest river in France and the 171st longest in the world. With a length of , it drains , more than a fifth of France's land, while its average discharge is only half that of the Rhône ...

: Clos de la Coulée-de-Serrant, Clos du Papillon ( Savennières), Le Grand Clos (

Bourgueil Bourgueil () is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department in central France. Population Bourgueil wine Bourgueil is an ''appellation d'origine contrôlée'' (AOC) for wine in the Loire Valley region, and produces primarily red wine from the ...

) *

Rhône The Rhône ( , ; wae, Rotten ; frp, Rôno ; oc, Ròse ) is a major river in France and Switzerland, rising in the Alps and flowing west and south through Lake Geneva and southeastern France before discharging into the Mediterranean Sea. At Ar ...

: Clos des Papes, Clos du Mont-Olivet, Clos de l'Oratoire des Papes (

Châteauneuf-du-Pape Châteauneuf-du-Pape (; Provençal: Castèu-Nòu-De-Papo) is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in Southeastern France. The village lies about to the east of the Rhône and north of the town of Avign ...

) * South West France: Clos La Coutale, Clos de Gamot, Clos Lapeyre, Clos Triguedina (

Cahors Cahors (; oc, Caors ) is a commune in the western part of Southern France. It is the smallest prefecture among the 13 departments that constitute the Occitanie Region. The main city of the Lot department and the historical center of the Quer ...

)

Switzerland ). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...

Vaud Vaud ( ; french: (Canton de) Vaud, ; german: (Kanton) Waadt, or ), more formally the canton of Vaud, is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation. It is composed of ten districts and its capital city is Lausanne. Its coat of arms b ...

: Clos des Abbayes, Clos des Moines ( Dézaley), Clos du Paradis (

Aigle , neighboring_municipalities= Vaud: Yvorne, Leysin, Ormont-Dessous, Ollon; Valais: Vouvry, Collombey-Muraz , twintowns = L'Aigle (France), Tübingen (Germany), Bassersdorf (Switzerland) } Aigle (French language, French for "eagle", ; frp, ...

), Clos du Rocher, Clos des Rennauds (

Yvorne Yvorne is a municipality of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland, located in the district of Aigle. Geography Yvorne has an area, , of . Of this area, or 47.5% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 39.6% is forested. Of the rest of the ...

) *

Valais Valais ( , , ; frp, Valês; german: Wallis ), more formally the Canton of Valais,; german: Kanton Wallis; in other official Swiss languages outside Valais: it, (Canton) Vallese ; rm, (Chantun) Vallais. is one of the cantons of Switzerland, 26 ...

: Clos Grand Brûlé, Clos des Montibeux (

Leytron Leytron is a municipality in the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. History Leytron is first mentioned in 1219 as ''Leitrun''. Geography Leytron has an area, , of . Of this area, or 27.1% is used for agricultural ...

), Clos de Balavaud (

Vétroz Vétroz is a municipality in the district of Conthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. Geography Vétroz has an area, , of . Of this area, or 47.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 19.7% is forested. Of the rest of the ...

)

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

Rheingau The Rheingau (; ) is a region on the northern side of the Rhine between the German towns of Wiesbaden and Lorch near Frankfurt, reaching from the Western Taunus to the Rhine. It is situated in the German state of Hesse and is part of the Rheing ...

Hattenheim Hattenheim is a ''Stadtteil'' in Eltville am Rhein, Hesse, Germany. It lies within the Rheingau wine region. Points of interest * Burg Hattenheim * Eberbach Abbey (Kloster Eberbach) * Schloss Reichartshausen * Steinberg, Kloster Eberbach ...

er Pfaffenberg and

Steinberg Steinberg Media Technologies GmbH (trading as Steinberg) is a German musical software and hardware company based in Hamburg. It develops music writing, recording, arranging, and editing software, most notably Cubase, Nuendo, and Dorico. It also ...

(

Eberbach Abbey Eberbach Abbey (German: Kloster Eberbach) is a former Cistercian monastery in Eltville in the Rheingau, Germany. On account of its Romanesque and early Gothic buildings it is considered one of the most significant architectural heritage sites in ...

Neroberg Neroberg is a hill in Wiesbaden in Hesse Hesse (, , ) or Hessia (, ; german: Hessen ), officially the State of Hessen (german: links=no, Land Hessen), is a States of Germany, state in Germany. Its capital city is Wiesbaden, and the largest urba ...

(

Wiesbaden Wiesbaden () is a city in central western Germany and the capital of the state of Hesse. , it had 290,955 inhabitants, plus approximately 21,000 United States citizens (mostly associated with the United States Army). The Wiesbaden urban area ...

) *

Rheinhessen Rhenish Hesse or Rhine HesseDickinson, Robert E (1964). ''Germany: A regional and economic geography'' (2nd ed.). London: Methuen, p. 542. . (german: Rheinhessen) is a region and a former government district () in the German state of Rhineland- ...

: Schlossmühle in Heidesheim, Niersteiner Glöck

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...

Napa Valley Napa Valley is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) located in Napa County in California's Wine Country. It was established by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF) on January 27, 1981. Napa Valley is considered one of the premier ...

: Clos Du Val, Clos Pegase *

Sonoma Valley Sonoma Valley is a valley located in southeastern Sonoma County, California, in the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area. Known as the birthplace of the California wine industry, the valley is home to some of the earliest vineyards an ...

: Clos Du Bois

South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring countri ...

Stellenbosch Stellenbosch (; )A Universal Pronounc ...

: Clos Malverne

México

* Valle de Guadalupe: Clos de Tres Cantos

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Clos (Vineyard) Vineyards Wine terminology