Annibale Carracci (; November 3, 1560 – July 15, 1609) was an Italian painter and instructor, active in Bologna and later in Rome. Along with his brother and cousin, Annibale was one of the progenitors, if not founders of a leading strand of the

Baroque The Baroque (, ; ) is a style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished in Europe from the early 17th century until the 1750s. In the territories of the Spanish and Portuguese empires including t ...

style, borrowing from styles from both north and south of their native city, and aspiring for a return to classical monumentality, but adding a more vital dynamism. Painters working under Annibale at the gallery of the Palazzo Farnese would be highly influential in Roman painting for decades.

Early career

Annibale Carracci - Self-Portrait - WGA4448

Annibale Carracci was born in Bologna, and in all likelihood was first apprenticed within his family. In 1582, Annibale, his brother Agostino and his cousin Ludovico Carracci opened a painters' studio, initially called by some the ''Academy of the Desiderosi'' (desirous of fame and learning) and subsequently the ''Incamminati'' (progressives; literally "of those opening a new way"). Considered "the first major art school based on life drawing", the ''Accademia degli Incamminati'' was the model for later art schools throughout Europe. While the Carraccis laid emphasis on the typically Florentine linear draftsmanship, as exemplified by Raphael and

Andrea del Sarto Andrea del Sarto (, , ; 16 July 1486 – 29 September 1530) was an Italian painter from Florence, whose career flourished during the High Renaissance and early Mannerism. He was known as an outstanding fresco decorator, painter of altar-pieces, ...

, their interest in the glimmering colours and mistier edges of objects derived from the

Venetian Venetian often means from or related to: * Venice, a city in Italy * Veneto, a region of Italy * Republic of Venice (697–1797), a historical nation in that area Venetian and the like may also refer to: * Venetian language, a Romance language s ...

painters, notably the works of Venetian oil painter Titian, which Annibale and Agostino studied during their travels around Italy in 1580–81 at the behest of the elder Caracci

Lodovico Lodovico is an Italian masculine given name, and may refer to: * Cigoli (1559–1613), Italian painter and architect * Lodovico, Count Corti (1823–1888), Italian diplomat * Lodovico Agostini (1534–1590), Italian composer * Lodovico Altieri (180 ...

. This eclecticism was to become the defining trait of the artists of the Baroque Emilian or

Bolognese School The Bolognese School of painting, also known as the ''School of Bologna'', flourished between the 16th and 17th centuries in Bologna, which rivalled Florence and Rome as the center of painting in Italy. Its most important representatives i ...

. In many early Bolognese works by the Carraccis, it is difficult to distinguish the individual contributions made by each. For example, the frescoes on the story of ''Jason'' for Palazzo Fava in Bologna (c. 1583–84) are signed ''Carracci'', which suggests that they all contributed. In 1585, Annibale completed an altarpiece of the ''Baptism of Christ'' for the church of Santi Gregorio e Siro in Bologna. In 1587, he painted the ''Assumption'' for the church of San Rocco in Reggio Emilia. In 1587–88, Annibale is known to have had travelled to Parma and then

Venice Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto Regions of Italy, region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 ...

, where he joined his brother Agostino. From 1589 to 1592, the three Carracci brothers completed the frescoes on the ''Founding of Rome'' for Palazzo Magnani in Bologna. By 1593, Annibale had completed an altarpiece, ''Virgin on the throne with St John and St Catherine'', in collaboration with Lucio Massari. His ''Resurrection of Christ'' also dates from 1593. In 1592, he painted an ''Assumption'' for the Bonasoni chapel in San Francesco. During 1593–94, all three Carraccis were working on frescoes in

Palazzo Sampieri A palace is a grand residence, especially a royal residence, or the home of a head of state or some other high-ranking dignitary, such as a bishop or archbishop. The word is derived from the Latin name palātium, for Palatine Hill in Rome which ...

in Bologna.

Frescoes in Palazzo Farnese

Annibale Carracci Ritratto Turrini Oxford

Based on the prolific and masterful frescoes by the Carracci in Bologna, Annibale was recommended by the Duke of Parma, Ranuccio I Farnese, to his brother, the

Cardinal Odoardo Farnese Odoardo Farnese (6 December 1573 – 21 February 1626) was an Italian nobleman, the second son of Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma and Maria of Portugal, known for his patronage of the arts. He became a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church in 1 ...

, who wished to decorate the piano nobile of the cavernous Roman Palazzo Farnese. In November–December 1595, Annibale and Agostino traveled to Rome to begin decorating the ''Camerino'' with stories of Hercules, appropriate since the room housed the famous Greco-Roman antique sculpture of the hypermuscular Farnese Hercules. Annibale meanwhile developed hundreds of preparatory sketches for the major work, wherein he led a team painting frescoes on the ceiling of the grand salon with the secular ''

quadri riportati ''Quadro riportato'' (plural ''quadri riportati'') is the Italian phrase for "carried picture" or "transported paintings". It is used in art to describe gold-framed easel paintings or framed paintings that are seen in a normal perspective and pai ...

'' of ''

The Loves of the Gods ''The Loves of the Gods'' is a monumental fresco cycle, completed by the Bolognese artist Annibale Carracci and his studio, in the Farnese Gallery which is located in the west wing of the Palazzo Farnese, now the French Embassy, in Rome. The f ...

'', or as the biographer

Giovanni Bellori Giovanni Pietro Bellori (15 January 1613 – 19 February 1696), also known as Giovan Pietro Bellori or Gian Pietro Bellori, was an Italian painter and antiquarian, but, more famously, a prominent biographer of artists of the 17th century, equiva ...

described it, ''Human Love governed by Celestial Love''. Although the ceiling is riotously rich in illusionistic elements, the narratives are framed in the restrained classicism of High Renaissance decoration, drawing inspiration from, yet more immediate and intimate, than Michelangelo's Sistine Ceiling as well as Raphael's

Vatican Logge Vatican may refer to: Vatican City, the city-state ruled by the pope in Rome, including St. Peter's Basilica, Sistine Chapel, Vatican Museum The Holy See * The Holy See, the governing body of the Catholic Church and sovereign entity recognized ...

and Villa Farnesina frescoes. His work would later inspire the untrammelled stream of Baroque illusionism and energy that would emerge in the grand frescoes of

Cortona Cortona (, ) is a town and ''comune'' in the province of Arezzo, in Tuscany, Italy. It is the main cultural and artistic centre of the Val di Chiana after Arezzo. Toponymy Cortona is derived from Latin Cortōna, and from Etruscan 𐌂𐌖𐌓� ...

Lanfranco Lanfranco (active in Modena from c. 1099 to 1110) was an Italian architect. His only known work is the Modena Cathedral. Record of his work there is in the early 13th-century manuscript ''Relatio de innovatione ecclesie sancti Gemeniani'' in the ...

, and in later decades

Andrea Pozzo Andrea Pozzo (; Latinized version: ''Andreas Puteus''; 30 November 1642 – 31 August 1709) was an Italian Jesuit brother, Baroque painter, architect, decorator, stage designer, and art theoretician. Pozzo was best known for his grandiose fresc ...

and Gaulli. Throughout the 17th and 18th centuries, the Farnese Ceiling was considered the unrivaled masterpiece of fresco painting for its age. They were not only seen as a pattern book of heroic figure design, but also as a model of technical procedure; Annibale's hundreds of preparatory drawings for the ceiling became a fundamental step in composing any ambitious history painting.

Contrast with Caravaggio

The 17th-century critic

, in his survey entitled ''Idea'', praised Carracci as the paragon of Italian painters, who had fostered a "renaissance" of the great tradition of Raphael and

Michelangelo Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (; 6 March 1475 – 18 February 1564), known as Michelangelo (), was an Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet of the High Renaissance. Born in the Republic of Florence, his work was insp ...

. On the other hand, while admitting

Caravaggio Michelangelo Merisi (Michele Angelo Merigi or Amerighi) da Caravaggio, known as simply Caravaggio (, , ; 29 September 1571 – 18 July 1610), was an Italian painter active in Rome for most of his artistic life. During the final four years of hi ...

's talents as a painter, Bellori deplored his over-naturalistic style, if not his turbulent morals and persona. He thus viewed the ''

Caravaggisti The Caravaggisti (or the "Caravagesques") were stylistic followers of the late 16th-century Italian Baroque painter Caravaggio. His influence on the new Baroque style that eventually emerged from Mannerism was profound. Caravaggio never establish ...

'' styles with the same gloomy dismay. Painters were urged to depict the Platonic ideal of beauty, not Roman street-walkers. Yet Carracci and Caravaggio patrons and pupils did not all fall into irreconcilable camps. Contemporary patrons, such as Marquess Vincenzo Giustiniani, found both applied showed excellence in ''maniera'' and ''modeling''. By the 21st century, observers had warmed to the rebel myth of Caravaggio, and often ignored the profound influence on art that Carracci had. Caravaggio almost never worked in fresco, regarded as the test of a great painter's mettle. On the other hand, Carracci's best works are in fresco. Thus the somber canvases of Caravaggio, with benighted backgrounds, are suited to the contemplative altars, and not to well-lit walls or ceilings such as this one in the Farnese. Wittkower was surprised that a Farnese cardinal surrounded himself with frescoes of libidinous themes, indicative of a "considerable relaxation of counter-reformatory morality". This thematic choice suggests Carracci may have been more rebellious relative to the often-solemn religious passion of Caravaggio's canvases. Wittkower states Carracci's "frescoes convey the impression of a tremendous joie de vivre, a new blossoming of vitality and of an energy long repressed". In the 21st century, most connoisseurs making the pilgrimage to the

Cerasi Chapel The Cerasi Chapel or Chapel of the Assumption ( it, Cappella Cerasi, Cappella dell'Assunta) is one of the side chapels in the left transept of the Basilica of Santa Maria del Popolo in Rome. It contains significant paintings by Michelangelo Merisi ...

in Santa Maria del Popolo would ignore Carracci's ''

Assumption of the Virgin The Assumption of Mary is one of the four Catholic_Mariology#Dogmatic_teachings, Marian dogmas of the Catholic Church. Pope Pius XII defined it in 1950 in his apostolic constitution ''Munificentissimus Deus'' as follows: We proclaim and d ...

'' altarpiece (1600–1601) and focus on the flanking Caravaggio works. It is instructive to compare Carracci's ''Assumption'' with Caravaggio's ''

Death of the Virgin The Death of the Virgin Mary is a common subject in Western Christian art, the equivalent of the Dormition of the Theotokos in Eastern Orthodox art. This depiction became less common as the doctrine of the Assumption gained support in the Roman ...

''. Among early contemporaries, Carracci was an innovator. He re-enlivened Michelangelo's visual fresco vocabulary, and posited a muscular and vivaciously brilliant pictorial landscape, which had been becoming progressively crippled into a Mannerist tangle. While Michelangelo could bend and contort the body into all the possible perspectives, Carracci in the Farnese frescoes had shown how it could dance. The "ceiling"-frontiers, the wide expanses of walls to be frescoed would, for the next decades, be thronged by the monumental brilliance of the Carracci followers, and not Caravaggio's followers. Annibale Carracci Madonna con Bambino, santa Lucia, san Giovannino e angelo, Feigen collection

Annibale Carracci Madonna con Bambino, santa Lucia, san Giovannino e angelo, Feigen collection

In the century following his death, to a lesser extent than

Bernini Gian Lorenzo (or Gianlorenzo) Bernini (, , ; Italian Giovanni Lorenzo; 7 December 159828 November 1680) was an Italian sculptor and architect. While a major figure in the world of architecture, he was more prominently the leading sculptor of his ...

and Cortona, Carracci and baroque art in general came under criticism from neoclassic critics such as

Winckelmann Winckelmann may refer to: * George Winckelmann (1884–1962), a Finnish lawyer and a diplomat * Johann Joachim Winckelmann (1717–1768), a German art historian and archaeologist * Johann Just Winckelmann Johann Just Winckelmann (19 August 1620 ...

and even later from the prudish John Ruskin, as well as admirers of Caravaggio. Carracci in part was spared opprobrium because he was seen as an emulator of the highly admired Raphael, and in the Farnese frescoes, attentive to the proper themes such as those of antique mythology.

Landscapes, genre art and drawings

On July 8, 1595, Annibale completed the painting of ''

Saint Roch Giving Alms ''Saint Roch Giving Alms'' is an oil on canvas painting by Annibale Carraci, commissioned between 1587 and 1588 by the Confraternity of San Rocco in Reggio Emilia, a body for whom he produced several works. His largest work on panel or canvas (a ...

'', now in Dresden Gemäldegalerie. Other significant late works painted by Carracci in Rome include ''

Domine quo vadis? ''Domine, quo vadis?'' is a 1602 painting by the Italian Baroque painter Annibale Carracci (1560–1609), depicting a scene from the apocryphal Acts of Peter. It is housed in the National Gallery, where it is given the title ''Christ appearing to ...

'' (c. 1602), which reveals a striking economy in figure composition and a force and precision of gesture that influenced on Poussin and through him, the language of gesture in painting. Carracci was remarkably eclectic in thematic, painting landscapes, genre scenes, and portraits, including a series of autoportraits across the ages. He was one of the first Italian painters to paint a canvas wherein

landscape A landscape is the visible features of an area of land, its landforms, and how they integrate with natural or man-made features, often considered in terms of their aesthetic appeal.''New Oxford American Dictionary''. A landscape includes the ...

took priority over figures, such as his masterful '' The Flight into Egypt''; this is a genre in which he was followed by Domenichino (his favorite pupil) and

Claude Lorrain Claude Lorrain (; born Claude Gellée , called ''le Lorrain'' in French; traditionally just Claude in English; c. 1600 – 23 November 1682) was a French painter, draughtsman and etcher of the Baroque era. He spent most of his life in It ...

. Carracci's art also had a less formal side that comes out in his caricatures (he is generally credited with inventing the form) and in his early genre paintings, which are remarkable for their lively observation and free handling and his painting of ''The Beaneater''. He is described by biographers as inattentive to dress, obsessed with work: his self-portraits (such as that in Parma) vary in his depiction.

Under a melancholic humor

It is not clear how much work Annibale completed after finishing the major gallery in the Palazzo Farnese. In 1606, Annibale signed a ''Madonna of the bowl''. However, in a letter from April 1606, Cardinal Odoardo Farnese bemoaned that a "heavy melancholic humor" prevented Annibale from painting for him. Throughout 1607, Annibale was unable to complete a commission for the Duke of Modena of a ''Nativity''. There is a note from 1608, where in Annibale stipulates to a pupil that he will spend at least two hours a day in his studio. There is little documentation from the man or time to explain why his brush was stilled. In 1609, Annibale died and was buried, according to his wish, near Raphael in the

Pantheon Pantheon may refer to: * Pantheon (religion), a set of gods belonging to a particular religion or tradition, and a temple or sacred building Arts and entertainment Comics *Pantheon (Marvel Comics), a fictional organization * ''Pantheon'' (Lone St ...

of Rome. It is a measure of his achievement that artists as diverse as

, Poussin, and

Rubens Sir Peter Paul Rubens (; ; 28 June 1577 – 30 May 1640) was a Flemish artist and diplomat from the Duchy of Brabant in the Southern Netherlands (modern-day Belgium). He is considered the most influential artist of the Flemish Baroque traditio ...

praised his work. Many of his assistants or pupils in projects at the Palazzo Farnese and Herrera Chapel would become among the pre-eminent artists of the next decades, including Domenichino, Francesco Albani,

Giovanni Lanfranco Giovanni Lanfranco (26 January 1582 – 30 November 1647) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period. Biography Giovanni Gaspare Lanfranco was born in Parma, the third son of Stefano and Cornelia Lanfranchi, and was placed as a page in the ho ...

, Domenico Viola,

Guido Reni Guido Reni (; 4 November 1575 – 18 August 1642) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period, although his works showed a classical manner, similar to Simon Vouet, Nicolas Poussin, and Philippe de Champaigne. He painted primarily religious ...

, Sisto Badalocchio, and others.

Chronology of works

Annibale_Carracci_-_The_Mystic_Marriage_of_St_Catherine_-_WGA4423

Madonna_Enthroned_with_Saint_Matthew,_Annibale_Carracci,_1588

Paintings

* ''

Butcher's Shop ''Butcher's Shop'' is the title of two paintings by the Italian Baroque painter Annibale Carracci, both dating from the early 1580s. They are now in the collections of Christ Church Picture Gallery, Oxford, and the Kimbell Art Museum in Fort Wor ...

'' (1580s)—Oil on canvas, 185 × 266 cm, Christ Church Picture Gallery, Oxford * ''

The Beaneater The ''Bean eater'' (Italian: ''Mangiafagioli'') is a painting by the Italian Baroque painter Annibale Carracci. Dating from 1580–1590 (probably 1583–1584), it is housed in the gallery of Palazzo Colonna of Rome. The painting is connected t ...

'' (1580–1590)—Oil on canvas, 57 × 68 cm,

Galleria Colonna Galleria Alberto Sordi, until 2003 Galleria Colonna, is a shopping arcade in Rome, Italy named after the actor Alberto Sordi. It was designed in the early 1900s by the architect Dario Carbone and constructed on the Via del Corso as Galleria Co ...

, Rome * '' Descent From the Cross'' (1580–1600)—St. Ann's, Manchester * '' Crucifixion with Saints'' (1583)—Oil on canvas, 305 × 210 cm, Santa Maria della Carità, Bologna * '' The Laughing Youth'' (1583)—Oil on paper, Galleria Borghese, Rome * '' Corpse of Christ'' (c. 1583–1585)—Oil on canvas, 70.7 × 88.8 cm, Staatsgalerie Stuttgart * '' The Baptism of Christ'' (1584)—Oil on canvas, Santi Gregorio e Siro, Bologna * '' An Allegory of Truth and Time'' (1584-1585)—

Royal Collection The Royal Collection of the British royal family is the largest private art collection in the world. Spread among 13 occupied and historic royal residences in the United Kingdom, the collection is owned by King Charles III and overseen by the ...

( Hampton Court) * ''

Pietà with Saints Clare, Francis and Mary Magdalene ''Pietà with Saints Clare, Francis and Mary Magdalene'' is a 1585 oil on canvas painting by Annibale Carracci, now in the Galleria nazionale di Parma. It was produced for the high altar of the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin, Capuchin church in ...

'' (1585)—Oil on canvas, Galleria nazionale di Parma, Parma * '' The Mystic Marriage of St Catherine'' (1585–1587)—Oil on canvas,

Museo Nazionale di Capodimonte Museo di Capodimonte is an art museum located in the Palace of Capodimonte, a grand Bourbon palazzo in Naples, Italy. The museum is the prime repository of Neapolitan painting and decorative art, with several important works from other Italian ...

, Naples * '' Madonna Enthroned with St Matthew'' (1588)—Oil on canvas, 384 × 255 cm, Gemäldegalerie, Dresden * ''

Venus with a Satyr and Two Cupids ''Venus with a Satyr and Two Cupids'' or ''The Bacchante'' (''La Baccante'') is a 1588-1590 oil on canvas painting by Annibale Carracci, now in the Uffizi in Florence. Its dating is based on its strong Venetian influence - the artist was briefly ...

'' (c. 1588)—Oil on canvas, 112 × 142 cm, Uffizi, Florence * '' Self-Portrait in Profile'' (1590s)—Oil on canvas, Uffizi, Florence * ''

'' (c. 1590)—Oil on canvas, 130 × 97 cm,

Museo del Prado The Prado Museum ( ; ), officially known as Museo Nacional del Prado, is the main Spanish national art museum, located in central Madrid. It is widely considered to house one of the world's finest collections of European art, dating from the ...

* '' The Virgin Appears to the Saints Luke and Catherine'' (1592)—Oil on canvas, 401 × 226 cm, Musée du Louvre, Paris * '' Fishing'' (before 1595)—Oil on canvas, 136 × 253 cm, Musée du Louvre * ''

Hunting Hunting is the human activity, human practice of seeking, pursuing, capturing, or killing wildlife or feral animals. The most common reasons for humans to hunt are to harvest food (i.e. meat) and useful animal products (fur/hide (skin), hide, ...

'' (before 1595)—Oil on canvas, 136 × 253 cm, Musée du Louvre * ''

Venus, Adonis and Cupid ''Venus, Adonis and Cupid'' is a painting created c. 1595 by Annibale Carracci. The painting is in the Museo del Prado, Madrid. Annibale Carracci was one of the most well known Italian Baroque painters of the seventeenth century. The Carracci bro ...

'' (c. 1595)—Oil on canvas, 212 × 268 cm,

, Madrid * ''

'' (1595)—Oil on canvas, Gemäldegalerie, Dresden * '' The Choice of Heracles'' (c. 1596)—Oil on canvas, 167 × 273 cm,

, Naples * ''

Mocking of Christ The mocking of Jesus occurred several times, after his trial and before his crucifixion according to the canonical gospels of the New Testament. It is considered part of Jesus' passion. According to the gospel narratives, Jesus had predicted th ...

'' (c. 1596)—Oil on canvas, 60 × 69.5 cm,

Pinacoteca Nazionale List of national galleries is a list of national art galleries. {{tocright Africa * Iziko South African National Gallery, Cape Town, South Africa *National Art Gallery of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia The Americas *Galería Nacional, San Juan, Puer ...

* ''

Jupiter and Juno The Villa Farnese, also known as Villa Caprarola, is a pentagonal mansion in the town of Caprarola in the province of Viterbo, Northern Lazio, Italy, approximately north-west of Rome. This villa should not be confused with the Palazzo Farnese an ...

'' (c. 1597)—

Farnese Gallery, Rome ''The Loves of the Gods'' is a monumental fresco cycle, completed by the Bolognese artist Annibale Carracci and his studio, in the Farnese Gallery which is located in the west wing of the Palazzo Farnese, now the French Embassy, in Rome. The fre ...

* Frescoes (1597–1605) in the Palazzo Farnese, Rome * '' River Landscape'' (c. 1599)—Oil on canvas,

National Gallery of Art The National Gallery of Art, and its attached Sculpture Garden, is a national art museum in Washington, D.C., United States, located on the National Mall, between 3rd and 9th Streets, at Constitution Avenue NW. Open to the public and free of char ...

, Washington, D.C. * '' Pietà'' (1599–1600)—Oil on canvas, 156 × 149 cm,

, Naples * ''

The Madonna and Sleeping Child with the Infant St John the Baptist ''The Madonna and Sleeping Child with the Infant St John the Baptist'' or ''Il Silenzio'' (''The Silence'') is oil on canvas painting by Annibale Carracci, now in the Royal Collection. It is currently on display in Hampton Court Palace. It was pr ...

'' (1599-1600)-Oil on canvas, 51.2 x 68.4 cm, Royal Collection (Hampton Court) * ''

Rest on the Flight into Egypt The Rest on the Flight into Egypt is a subject in Christian art showing Mary, Joseph, and the infant Jesus resting during their flight into Egypt. The Holy Family is normally shown in a landscape. The subject did not develop until the secon ...

'' (c. 1600)—Oil on canvas, diameter 82.5 cm, Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg * ''

The Three Marys at the Tomb ''The Three Marys at the Tomb'' is a c. 1410–26 panel painting usually attributed to Hubert van Eyck, now in the Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam. The painting was included at the seminal Exposition des primitifs flamands à Bruges in 1 ...

'' (c.1600)Oil on canvas, Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg * '' Assumption of the Virgin Mary'' (1600–1601)—Oil on panel, 245 × 155 cm, Santa Maria del Popolo, Rome * ''

'' (1601–1602)—Oil on panel, 77.4 × 56.3 cm, National Gallery, London * ''

Pietà with Saint Francis and Saint Mary Magdalene ''Pietà with Saint Francis and Saint Mary Magdalene'' is a 1602-1607 oil on canvas painting by Annibale Carraci. Now in the Louvre, it was Napoleonic looting, looted from the Mattei family chapel in San Francesco a Ripa in Rome by Napoleon's tro ...

''-Oil on canvas, 277 x 186 cm, Louvre, Paris * '' The Flight into Egypt'' (1603)—Oil on canvas, 122 × 230 cm, Galleria Doria Pamphilj, Rome * '' Sleeping Venus'' (c. 1603)—Oil on canvas, 190 × 328 cm, Musée Condé, Chantilly, Oise * '' The Martyrdom of St Stephen'' (1603–1604)—Oil on canvas, 51 × 68 cm, Louvre, Paris * ''

Self-portrait A self-portrait is a representation of an artist that is drawn, painted, photographed, or sculpted by that artist. Although self-portraits have been made since the earliest times, it is not until the Early Renaissance in the mid-15th century tha ...

'' (c. 1604)—Oil on wood, 42 × 30 cm, Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg * ''

Portable Altarpiece with Pietà and Saints ''Portable Altarpiece with Pietà and Saints'' is a 1603 oil on canvas painting by Annibale Carracci in a gold, ebony and copper frame. It is now in the Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica in Rome. A small altarpiece commissioned by cardinal Odoard ...

'' (1604–1605)—Oil on copper and panel, 37 × 24 cm (central panel), 37 × 12 cm (each wing), Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica, Rome * '' The Birth of the Virgin'' (1605-1609)-Oil on canvas, Louvre, Paris * '' Lamentation of Christ'' (1606)—Oil on canvas, 92.8 × 103.2 cm, National Gallery, London

Drawings

* ''Atlante'' Red chalk, Louvre, Paris * Drawings (exhibit,

)

Works after Carracci

* ''Venus and Adonis'' (c. 1595)—Oil on canvas, 217 × 246 cm,

Kunsthistorisches Museum The Kunsthistorisches Museum ( "Museum of Art History", often referred to as the "Museum of Fine Arts") is an art museum in Vienna, Austria. Housed in its festive palatial building on the Vienna Ring Road, it is crowned with an octagonal do ...

, Vienna

Paintings

The tradition of Italian Renaissance painting and the mature Renaissance artists like Raphael, Michelangelo, Correggio, Titian and Veronese are all painters who had a considerable influence on the work of the Carracci, in his use of colours. Carraci laid the foundations for the birth of Baroque painting. The preceding sterile Mannerist style had its recovery now in the Baroque painting in the early sixteenth century, succeeding in an original synthesis of the many schools. The paintings of Annibale are inspired by the Venetian pictorial taste and especially the paintings of

Paolo Veronese Paolo Caliari (152819 April 1588), known as Paolo Veronese ( , also , ), was an Italian Renaissance painter based in Venice, known for extremely large history paintings of religion and mythology, such as ''The Wedding at Cana'' (1563) and ''The ...

. The work that show traces of it are the ''Madonna Enthroned with Saint Matthew'', a work made for Reggio Emilia and now in the Gemäldegalerie, Dresden, and the ''Mystic Marriage of Saint Catherine of Alexandria'' (ca. 1575), now preserved at the Gallerie dell'Accademia in Venice. File:Annibale Carracci - Christ Wearing the Crown of Thorns, Supported by Angels - WGA04427.jpg, ''Christ Wearing the Crown of Thorns, Supported by Angels'' File:Annibale Carracci - The Samaritan Woman at the Well - WGA4446.jpg, ''The Samaritan Woman at the Well'' File:Annibale Carracci Madonna del silienzio.jpg, ''The silent Madonna with Saint John the Baptist'' File:Annibale Carracci susanna.jpg, ''Susanna in the bath'' File:Annibale Carracci, Pietà, Kunsthistorichen, Vienna.jpg, ''Pietà'', Kunsthistoriche Museum, Vienna File:Annibale Carracci - Lamentation of Christ - WGA4436.jpg, ''Lamentation of Christ'' File:Carracci, Annibale - Madonna and Child with St John - Google Art Project.jpg, '' Madonna and Child with St John'' File:Annibale Carracci San Rocco e l'Angelo.jpg, ''Saint Roch and the Angel'' File:Annibale Carracci, Autoritratto .jpg, Self-portrait, c. 1580 File:Annibale Carracci, attrib., Portrait of an African Slave Woman, ca. 1580s. Oil on canvas, 60 x 39 x 2 cm (fragment of a larger painting.jpg, ''Portrait of an African Woman Holding a Clock'', c. 1585''Apollo'' (8 March 2017).
Pick of the fair: Tomasso Brothers
. Retrieved 14 June 2020. File:Annibale Carracci - The Temptation of St Anthony Abbot (detail) - WGA4426.jpg, ''The Temptation of St Anthony Abbot'' (detail), 1597–98 File:Carracci, Annibale - Head of an Old Man - Google Art Project.jpg, ''Head of an Old Man'' File:Annibale Carracci ritratto del medico Bossi.jpg, ''Portrait of Dr Bossi'' File:Annibale Carracci - Venus and Adonis - WGA4429.jpg, ''Venus and Adonis'', c. 1595 File:Jupiter and Juno Annibale Carracci fragment.jpg, ''Jupiter and Juno'', 1602, Palazzo Farnese File:Annibale Carracci - Sleeping Venus - WGA4449.jpg, ''Sleeping Venus'' File:Annibale Carracci - The Choice of Heracles - WGA4416.jpg, ''The Judgment of Hercules'', 1596, National Museum of Capodimonte File:Annibale Carracci - Venus with a Satyr and Cupids - WGA4430.jpg, ''

'', 1590 File:'Boy Drinking' by Annibale Carracci, 1582-83.JPG, ''Boy Drinking'' by Annibale Carracci, 1582–83 File:Carracci - Der Bohnenesser.jpeg, ''

'', 1580–1590,

, Rome File:Carracci-Butcher's shop.jpg, ''

'', 1580, Christ Church Picture Gallery, Oxford File:Annibale Carracci - The Butcher's Shop - Google Art Project.jpg, ''

The Butcher's Shop ''Butcher's Shop'' is the title of two paintings by the Italian Baroque painter Annibale Carracci, both dating from the early 1580s. They are now in the collections of Christ Church Picture Gallery, Oxford, and the Kimbell Art Museum in Fort ...

'', 1580, Kimbell Art Museum

Footnotes

References

Catholic Encyclopedia: Carracci
* Christiansen, Keith

In ''Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History''. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–. (October 2003) * * * H. Keazor: ''"Distruggere la maniera?": die Carracci-Postille'', Freiburg im Breisgau, 2002. * C. Dempsey: ''Annibale Carracci and the beginnings of baroque style'', Harvard, 1977; 2nd ed. Fiesole, 2000. * A. W. A. Boschloo: ''Annibale Carracci in Bologna: visible reality in art after the Council of Trent'', 's-Gravenhage, 1974. * C. Goldstein: ''Visual fact over verbal fiction: a study of the Carracci and the criticism, theory, and practice of art in Renaissance and baroque Italy'', Cambridge, 1988. * D. Posner: ''Annibale Carracci: a study in the reform of Italian painting around 1590'', 2 vol., New York, 1971. * S. Ginzburg: ''Annibale Carracci a Roma: gli affreschi di Palazzo Farnese'', Rome, 2000. * C. Loisel: ''Inventaire général des dessins italiens'', vol. 7: Ludovico, Agostino, Annibale Carracci (Musée du Louvre: Cabinet des Dessins), Paris, 2004. * B. Bohn: ''Ludovico Carracci and the art of drawing'', London, 2004. * ''Annibale Carracci'', catalogo della mostra a cura di D. Benati, E. Riccomini, Bologna-Roma, 2006–2007. * M. C. Terzaghi: ''Caravaggio, Annibale Carracci, Guido Reni tra le ricevute del Banco Herrera & Costa'', Roma, 2007. * H. Keazor: ''"Il vero modo". Die Malereireform der Carracci'', (Neue Frankfurter Forschungen zur Kunst 5), Berlin: Gebrüder Mann Verlag, 2007. * C. Robertson: ''The Invention of Annibale Carracci'' (Studi della Bibliotheca Hertziana, 4), Milano, 2008. * F. Gage: "Invention, Wit and Melancholy in the Art of Annibale Carracci." ''Intellectual History Review'' 24.3 (2014): 389–413. Special Issue, The Nature of Invention. Edited by Alexander Marr and Vera Keller.

External links

*
Annibale Carracci artistic context, technique and artworks

Annibale Carracci at the WikiGallery.org

Annibale Carracci, ''Christ Healing the Sick'', 16th century, etching, Bryn Mawr College Art and Artifact Collections

''Jusepe de Ribera, 1591–1652''
an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Carracci (see index)
''Painters of reality: the legacy of Leonardo and Caravaggio in Lombardy''
an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Carracci (see index) {{DEFAULTSORT:Carracci, Annibale 1560 births 1609 deaths 16th-century Italian painters Italian male painters 17th-century Italian painters Painters from Bologna Italian Baroque painters Burials at the Pantheon, Rome Sibling artists Catholic painters