The 7th century BC began the first day of 700 BC and ended the last day of 601 BC. Map of Assyria

The Neo-Assyrian Empire continued to dominate the

Near East The ''Near East''; he, המזרח הקרוב; arc, ܕܢܚܐ ܩܪܒ; fa, خاور نزدیک, Xāvar-e nazdik; tr, Yakın Doğu is a geographical term which roughly encompasses a transcontinental region in Western Asia, that was once the hist ...

during this century, exercising formidable power over neighbors like

Babylon ''Bābili(m)'' * sux, 𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠 * arc, 𐡁𐡁𐡋 ''Bāḇel'' * syc, ܒܒܠ ''Bāḇel'' * grc-gre, Βαβυλών ''Babylṓn'' * he, בָּבֶל ''Bāvel'' * peo, 𐎲𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎽𐎢 ''Bābiru'' * elx, 𒀸𒁀𒉿𒇷 ''Babi ...

and Egypt. In the last two decades of the century, however, the empire began to unravel as numerous enemies made alliances and waged war from all sides. The Assyrians finally left the world stage permanently when their capital

Nineveh Nineveh (; akk, ; Biblical Hebrew: '; ar, نَيْنَوَىٰ '; syr, ܢܝܼܢܘܹܐ, Nīnwē) was an ancient Assyrian city of Upper Mesopotamia, located in the modern-day city of Mosul in northern Iraq. It is located on the eastern ban ...

was destroyed in 612 BC. These events gave rise to the Neo-Babylonian Empire, which would dominate the region for much of the following century. The Zhou Dynasty continues in

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

and the Late Period begins in Egypt with the

26th dynasty The Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XXVI, alternatively 26th Dynasty or Dynasty 26) dynasty was the last native dynasty to rule Egypt before the Persian conquest in 525 BC (although others followed). The dynasty's reign (664–525 ...

starting with the coronation of Psamtik I. The state of Văn Lang in Vietnam is also believed to be formed around the time.

Events

690s BC

* 699 BC: Khallushu succeeds Shuttir-Nakhkhunte as king of the Elamite Empire. *

697 BC The year 697 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 57 '' Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 697 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar e ...

: Death of King Huan of Zhou, King of the Zhou Dynasty of

. *

696 BC The year 696 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 58 '' Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 696 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar e ...

: King Zhuang of Zhou becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of

. *

: The Cimmerians ravage

Phrygia In classical antiquity, Phrygia ( ; grc, Φρυγία, ''Phrygía'' ) was a kingdom in the west central part of Anatolia, in what is now Asian Turkey, centered on the Sangarios River. After its conquest, it became a region of the great empires ...

, possible migration of the Armenians. * 691 BC: King Sennacherib of Assyria defeats king Humban-nimena of

Elam Elam (; Linear Elamite: ''hatamti''; Cuneiform Elamite: ; Sumerian: ; Akkadian: ; he, עֵילָם ''ʿēlām''; peo, 𐎢𐎺𐎩 ''hūja'') was an ancient civilization centered in the far west and southwest of modern-day Iran, stretc ...

in the Battle of Halule. *

690 BC The year 690 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 64 ''Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 690 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar ...

: Taharqa, a king of the

Twenty-fifth Dynasty The Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XXV, alternatively 25th Dynasty or Dynasty 25), also known as the Nubian Dynasty, the Kushite Empire, the Black Pharaohs, or the Napatans, after their capital Napata, was the last dynasty of th ...

, ascends the throne of Egypt (approximate date). * 690s BC: — W'rn Hywt of D'mt in Ethiopia appears in the inscriptional record and mentions the king of Saba', Karib'il Watar. * c. 690 BC-

664 BC The year 664 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 90 '' Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 664 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar e ...

— Sphinx of Taharqa, from Temple T, Kawa, Nubia, is made. Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt. It is now kept at The British Museum, London.

680s BC

* 689 BC: King Sennacherib of Assyria sacks

. *

687 BC The year 687 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 67 ''Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 687 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar ...

Gyges Gyges can refer to: * One of the Hecatoncheires from Greek mythology * King Gyges of Lydia * Ogyges * Ring of Gyges The Ring of Gyges ( grc, Γύγου Δακτύλιος, ''Gúgou Daktúlios'', ) is a hypothetical magic ring mentioned by the p ...

becomes king of

Lydia Lydia (Lydian language, Lydian: ‎𐤮𐤱𐤠𐤭𐤣𐤠, ''Śfarda''; Aramaic: ''Lydia''; el, Λυδία, ''Lȳdíā''; tr, Lidya) was an Iron Age Monarchy, kingdom of western Asia Minor located generally east of ancient Ionia in the mod ...

. *

: Hezekiah succeeded by Manasseh as king of Judah. *

682 BC The year 682 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 72 ''Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 682 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar er ...

: Death of King Zhuang of Zhou, King of the Zhou Dynasty of

. *

681 BC The year 681 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 73 '' Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 681 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar e ...

: King Xi of Zhou becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of

. *

: Esarhaddon succeeds Sennacherib as king of Assyria.

670s BC This article concerns the period 679 BC – 670 BC. Events and trends * 677 BC—Esarhaddon leads the Assyrian army against rebellious Arab tribes, advances as far as the Brook of Egypt. * 676 BC— Zhou Hui Wang becomes emperor of the Zhou Dynas ...

677 BC The year 677 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 77 '' Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 677 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar e ...

: Death of King Xi of Zhou, King of the Zhou Dynasty of

. *

: Esarhaddon leads the Assyrian army against rebellious Arab tribes, advances as far as the

Brook of Egypt The Brook of Egypt is the name used in some English translations of the Bible for the Hebrew ''Naḥal Mizraim'' ("River of Egypt"), used for the river defining the westernmost border of the Land of Israel. A number of scholars in the past have ...

. *

676 BC The year 676 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 78 ''Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 676 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar ...

: King Hui of Zhou becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of

. *

675 BC The year 675 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 79 ''Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 675 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar er ...

: Esarhaddon begins the rebuilding of

. *

674 BC The year 674 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 80 ''Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 674 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar er ...

: Esarhaddon puts down a revolt in Ashkelon supported by Taharqa, king of Egypt. In response, the

Assyrians Assyrian may refer to: * Assyrian people, the indigenous ethnic group of Mesopotamia. * Assyria, a major Mesopotamian kingdom and empire. ** Early Assyrian Period ** Old Assyrian Period ** Middle Assyrian Empire ** Neo-Assyrian Empire * Assyrian ...

invade Egypt, but Taharqa is able to hold the invaders off. *

673 BC The year 673 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 81 ''Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 673 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar ...

: Tullus Hostilius becomes king of Rome. * 671 BC: Esarhaddon again invades Egypt, capturing Memphis as well as a number of the royal family.

660s BC

* 669 BC: Assurbanipal succeeds his father Esarhaddon as king of Assyria. * 669 BC: Argos defeats Sparta for the last time, this time using a hoplite phalanx, at the battle of Hysiae. *

668 BC The year 668 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 86 ''Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 668 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar ...

: Shamash-shum-ukin, son of Esarhaddon, becomes King of

. *

: Egypt revolts against Assyria. *

, capital of Assyria becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from Thebes in Egypt. *

667 BC The year 667 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 87 '' Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 667 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar ...

Byzantium Byzantium () or Byzantion ( grc, Βυζάντιον) was an ancient Greek city in classical antiquity that became known as Constantinople in late antiquity and Istanbul today. The Greek name ''Byzantion'' and its Latinization ''Byzantium'' cont ...

founded by

Megara Megara (; el, Μέγαρα, ) is a historic town and a municipality in West Attica, Greece. It lies in the northern section of the Isthmus of Corinth opposite the island of Salamis Island, Salamis, which belonged to Megara in archaic times, befo ...

n colonists under Byzas. (traditional date) *

: First naval battle in Greek recorded history, between Corinth and Corcyra. *

: Assurbanipal captures and sacks Thebes, Egypt. *

: Psammetichus I succeeds Necho I as king of

Lower Egypt Lower Egypt ( ar, مصر السفلى '; ) is the northernmost region of Egypt, which consists of the fertile Nile Delta between Upper Egypt and the Mediterranean Sea, from El Aiyat, south of modern-day Cairo, and Dahshur. Historically, ...

. *

: Taharqa appoints his nephew Tantamani as his successor of Upper Egypt. * February 11, 660 BC—Traditional founding date of

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

by Emperor Jimmu. * 660 BC: First known use of the Demotic script. * 660 BC: Psammetichus I drives the Assyrians out of Egypt. * 660 BC: Estimated date of the impact that created the Kaali crater

650s BC This article concerns the period 659 BC – 650 BC. Events and trends Occupation begins at Maya site of Piedras Negras, Guatemala. First evidence of written Olmec language from the New World. Pyramid building continues. *657 BC—Cypselus be ...

650s BC This article concerns the period 659 BC – 650 BC. Events and trends *Occupation begins at Maya site of Piedras Negras, Guatemala. *First evidence of written Olmec language from the New World. Pyramid building continues. *657 BC—Cypselus be ...

The Spartan Creed Tyrtaeus (; grc-gre, Τυρταῖος ''Tyrtaios''; fl. mid-7th century BC) was a Greek elegiac poet from Sparta. He wrote at a time of two crises affecting the city: a civic unrest threatening the authority of kings and elders, later recalled ...

by Ancient Greek poet Tyrtaeus *

: Occupation begins at Maya site of

Piedras Negras, Guatemala Piedras Negras is the modern name for a ruined Maya city, city of the pre-Columbian era, pre-Columbian Maya civilization located on the north bank of the Usumacinta River in the Petén (department), Petén department of northwestern Guatemala. P ...

. *

657 BC The year 657 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 97 ''Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 657 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar ...

: Cypselus becomes the first tyrant of Corinth. *

656 BC The year 656 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 98 ''Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 656 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calenda ...

: Psammetichus extends his control over all of Egypt. End of

. *

653 BC The year 653 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 101 ''Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 653 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar ...

: Atta-Khumma-In-Shushinak and Khumbanigash II succeed Shilhak-In-Shushinak and Tempti-Khumma-In-Shushinak as kings of the Elamite Empire. *

: Atlanersa becomes ruler of the Napatan kingdom of Kush after the collapse of the 25th Dynasty of Egypt. * 652 BC:

Babylonia Babylonia (; Akkadian: , ''māt Akkadī'') was an ancient Akkadian-speaking state and cultural area based in the city of Babylon in central-southern Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq and parts of Syria). It emerged as an Amorite-ruled state c. ...

rises in revolt under Shamash-shum-ukin against the Assyrians. * 652 BC:

Achaemenid dynasty The Achaemenid dynasty ( Old Persian: ; Persian: ; Ancient Greek: ; Latin: ) was an ancient Persian royal dynasty that ruled the Achaemenid Empire, an Iranian empire that stretched from Egypt and Southeastern Europe in the west to the In ...

in Persia. *

651 BC The year 651 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 103 ''Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 651 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar e ...

: King Xiang of Zhou becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of

. *

650 BC The year 650 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 104 ''Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 650 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar e ...

: The town of Abdera in Thrace is founded by colonists from

Clazomenae Klazomenai ( grc, Κλαζομεναί) or Clazomenae was an ancient Greek city on the coast of Ionia and a member of the Ionian League. It was one of the first cities to issue silver coinage. Its ruins are now located in the modern town Urla n ...

. *

: A climate change affects all the Bronze Age cultures in Europe with colder and wetter climate, and tribes from the Scandinavian Nordic Bronze Age cultures are pushed downwards into the European continent.

640s BC This article concerns the period 649 BC – 640 BC. Events and trends Assyrian king Ashurbanipal founds a library, which includes our earliest complete copy of the ''Epic of Gilgamesh''. 649 BC — Indabigash succeeds Tammaritu as a king of t ...

640s BC This article concerns the period 649 BC – 640 BC. Events and trends *Assyrian king Ashurbanipal founds a library, which includes our earliest complete copy of the ''Epic of Gilgamesh''. * 649 BC — Indabigash succeeds Tammaritu as a king of t ...

: Assyrian king

Ashurbanipal Ashurbanipal (Neo-Assyrian language, Neo-Assyrian cuneiform: , meaning "Ashur (god), Ashur is the creator of the heir") was the king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire from 669 BCE to his death in 631. He is generally remembered as the last great king o ...

founds library, which included our earliest complete copy of the '' Epic of Gilgamesh''. * 649 BC:

Indabigash Indabibi was a ruler of ancient Elam in 649 BCE and perhaps 648. He is sometimes referred to as Indabigash. He was the successor of Tammaritu II and the predecessor of Humban-Haltash III. Elam was located to the east of the more powerful Assyrian Em ...

succeeds

Tammaritu Tammaritu may refer to: * Tammaritu (son of Teumman) (died 653 BCE), King of Elam from 664 to 653 BCE * Tammaritu I, ruler of Elam from 653 to 652 BCE * Tammaritu II, ruler of Elam from 652 until 650 or 649 BCE {{disambiguation, hn ...

as a king of the Elamite Empire. * 649 BC:

n revolt under Shamash-shum-ukin is crushed by the Assyrians. * 648 BC: Pankration becomes an event at the

Ancient Olympic Games The ancient Olympic Games (Ὀλυμπιακοὶ ἀγῶνες; la, Olympia, neuter plural: "the Olympics") were a series of athletic competitions among representatives of city-states and were one of the Panhellenic Games of Ancient Greece. ...

. * April 6, 648 BC: Earliest Greek-chronicled

solar eclipse A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby obscuring the view of the Sun from a small part of the Earth, totally or partially. Such an alignment occurs during an eclipse season, approximately every six month ...

. * 647 BC: King Assurbanipal of Assyria sacks Susa. *

642 BC The year 642 BC was a year of the Roman calendar, pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 112 ''Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 642 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Do ...

Ancus Marcius Ancus Marcius was the legendary fourth king of Rome, who traditionally reigned 24 years. Upon the death of the previous king, Tullus Hostilius, the Roman Senate appointed an interrex, who in turn called a session of the assembly of the people who ...

becomes king of Rome (traditional date). *c.

641 BC The year 641 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 113 ''Ab urbe condita''. The denomination 641 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar er ...

Josiah Josiah ( or ) or Yoshiyahu; la, Iosias was the 16th king of Judah (–609 BCE) who, according to the Hebrew Bible, instituted major religious reforms by removing official worship of gods other than Yahweh. Josiah is credited by most biblical s ...

becomes king of Judah. * 640 BC: Decisive victory of Assyria over Elamite Empire; Assurbanipal captures its last king

Khumma-Khaldash III Humban-haltash III or Umanaldash was the last major ruler of Elam. He belonged to the Humban-Tahrid, "Neo-Elamite", dynasty (c.830–521 BC). He became king 650 BC. During his kingdom, the Assyrian people attacked Elam and occupied Madektu. Th ...

, annexes Elam, and lays waste the country.Potts, D. T. (1999) "The Archaeology of Elam: Formation and Transformation of an Ancient Iranian State" (Cambridge World Archaeology)

630s BC

632 BC The year 632 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 122 ''Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 632 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar e ...

: Cylon, Athenian noble, seizes the

Acropolis An acropolis was the settlement of an upper part of an ancient Greek city, especially a citadel, and frequently a hill with precipitous sides, mainly chosen for purposes of defense. The term is typically used to refer to the Acropolis of Athens, ...

in a failed attempt to become king. *

: In the Battle of Chengpu, the Chinese kingdom of Jin and her allies defeat the kingdom of

Chu Chu or CHU may refer to: Chinese history * Chu (state) (c. 1030 BC–223 BC), a state during the Zhou dynasty * Western Chu (206 BC–202 BC), a state founded and ruled by Xiang Yu * Chu Kingdom (Han dynasty) (201 BC–70 AD), a kingdom of the Ha ...

and her allies. * 631 BC: Founding of Cyrene, a Greek colony in Libya ( North Africa) (approximate date). * 631 BC:

Sadyates Lydia ( Lydian: ‎𐤮𐤱𐤠𐤭𐤣𐤠, ''Śfarda''; Aramaic: ''Lydia''; el, Λυδία, ''Lȳdíā''; tr, Lidya) was an Iron Age kingdom of western Asia Minor located generally east of ancient Ionia in the modern western Turkish provin ...

becomes king of

620s BC This article concerns the period 629 BC – 620 BC. Events and trends * c. 627 BC—Death of Assurbanipal, king of Assyria; he is succeeded by Assur-etel-ilani. * 627 BC—Creation of Durrës, at the time Epidamnus. * 627 BC—Spring and Autumn ...

* 627 BC: Death of Assurbanipal, king of Assyria; he is succeeded by Assur-etel-ilani (approximate date). *

626 BC The year 626 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 128 ''Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 626 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar e ...

Nabopolassar Nabopolassar (Babylonian cuneiform: , meaning "Nabu, protect the son") was the founder and first king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, ruling from his coronation as king of Babylon in 626 BC to his death in 605 BC. Though initially only aimed at res ...

revolts against Assyria, founds the Neo-Babylonian Empire. *

625 BC The year 625 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 129 ''Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 625 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar e ...

: Medes and Babylonians assert their independence from Assyria and attack

(approximate date). *

623 BC This article concerns the period 629 BC – 620 BC. Events and trends * c. 627 BC—Death of Assurbanipal, king of Assyria; he is succeeded by Assur-etel-ilani. * 627 BC—Creation of Durrës, at the time Epidamnus. * 627 BC—Spring and Aut ...

: Sin-shar-ishkun succeeds his brother Assur-etel-ilani as king of Assyria (approximate date). *

622 BC The year 622 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 132 ''Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 622 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calenda ...

: Text of

Deuteronomy Deuteronomy ( grc, Δευτερονόμιον, Deuteronómion, second law) is the fifth and last book of the Torah (in Judaism), where it is called (Hebrew: hbo, , Dəḇārīm, hewords Moses.html"_;"title="f_Moses">f_Moseslabel=none)_and_th ...

found in the Temple in Jerusalem. The Hebrew prophet

Ezekiel Ezekiel (; he, יְחֶזְקֵאל ''Yəḥezqēʾl'' ; in the Septuagint written in grc-koi, Ἰεζεκιήλ ) is the central protagonist of the Book of Ezekiel in the Hebrew Bible. In Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, Ezekiel is acknow ...

said to be born this year.

610s BC This article concerns the period 619 BC – 610 BC. Events and trends 619 BC—Death of Ji Zheng, King of the Zhou Dynasty of China. 618 BC—Silphium discovered in Cyrene according to Theophrastus. * 618 BC— Ji Renchen becomes King of the ...

* 619 BC: Alyattes becomes king of

. * 619 BC: Death of King Xiang of Zhou, King of the Zhou Dynasty of

. * 618 BC: King Qing of Zhou becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of

. *

616 BC The year 616 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 138 '' Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 616 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar ...

: Lucius Tarquinius Priscus becomes king of Rome. *

614 BC The year 614 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 140 ''Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 614 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar ...

: Sack of

Ashur Ashur, Assur, or Asur may refer to: Places * Assur, an Assyrian city and first capital of ancient Assyria * Ashur, Iran, a village in Iran * Asur, Thanjavur district, a village in the Kumbakonam taluk of Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu, India * Assu ...

by the Medes and Babylonians. *

613 BC The year 613 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 141 ''Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 613 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar e ...

: Death of King Qing of Zhou, King of the Zhou Dynasty of

. *

612 BC The year 612 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 142 ''Ab urbe condita'' . The denomination 612 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar e ...

: King Kuang of Zhou becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of

. *

: An alliance of Medes,

ns and Susianians besiege and conquer

. King Sin-shar-ishkun of Assyria is killed in the sack. *

: Ashur-uballit II attempts to keep the Assyrian empire alive by establishing himself as king at Harran. *

, capital of

becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from

, capital of Assyria. * 610 BC: Necho II succeeds Psammetichus I as king of Egypt.

600s BC The 7th century BC began the first day of 700 BC and ended the last day of 601 BC. The Neo-Assyrian Empire continued to dominate the Near East during this century, exercising formidable power over neighbors like Babylon and Egypt. In the last t ...

609 BC 6 (six) is the natural number following 5 and preceding 7. It is a composite number and the smallest perfect number. In mathematics Six is the smallest positive integer which is neither a square number nor a prime number; it is the second smalles ...

: King

of Judah dies in the Battle of Megiddo against Pharaoh Necho II of Egypt, who is on his way north to aid the rump Assyrian state of Ashur-uballit II. *

: The Babylonians defeat the

Assyrian army The Neo-Assyrian Empire arose in the 10th century BC. Ashurnasirpal II is credited for utilizing sound strategy in his wars of conquest. While aiming to secure defensible frontiers, he would launch raids further inland against his opponents as a ...

of Ashur-uballit II and capture Harran. Ashur-uballit, the last Assyrian king, disappears from history. *

: Jehoahaz succeeds his father

as King of Judah, but is quickly deposed by Necho, who installs Jehoahaz's brother Jehoiakim in his place. *

607 BC The year 607 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 147 ''Ab urbe condita''. The denomination 607 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar er ...

: Death of King Kuang of Zhou, King of the Zhou Dynasty of

. *

606 BC The year 606 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 148 ''Ab urbe condita''. The denomination 606 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar er ...

: King Ding of Zhou becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of

. * 605 BC:

Battle of Carchemish The Battle of Carchemish was fought about 605 BC between the armies of Egypt allied with the remnants of the army of the former Assyrian Empire against the armies of Babylonia, allied with the Medes, Persians, and Scythians. This was while Nebuc ...

: Crown Prince

Nebuchadnezzar Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylonian cuneiform: ''Nabû-kudurri-uṣur'', meaning "Nabu, watch over my heir"; Biblical Hebrew: ''Nəḇūḵaḏneʾṣṣar''), also spelled Nebuchadrezzar II, was the second king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, ruling ...

defeats the army of Necho II of Egypt, securing the

n conquest of Assyria. The Babylonians pursue the Egyptians through

Syria Syria ( ar, سُورِيَا or سُورِيَة, translit=Sūriyā), officially the Syrian Arab Republic ( ar, الجمهورية العربية السورية, al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), is a Western Asian country loc ...

and

Palestine __NOTOC__ Palestine may refer to: * State of Palestine, a state in Western Asia * Palestine (region), a geographic region in Western Asia * Palestinian territories, territories occupied by Israel since 1967, namely the West Bank (including East ...

. * 605 BC:

Nebuchadnezzar II Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylonian cuneiform: ''Nabû-kudurri-uṣur'', meaning "Nabu, watch over my heir"; Biblical Hebrew: ''Nəḇūḵaḏneʾṣṣar''), also spelled Nebuchadrezzar II, was the second king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, ruling ...

succeeds his father

as King of

. * 601 BC: An alliance of Medes (from western Iran) and Scythians (who originated from the

Eurasian Steppe The Eurasian Steppe, also simply called the Great Steppe or the steppes, is the vast steppe ecoregion of Eurasia in the temperate grasslands, savannas and shrublands biome. It stretches through Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova and Transnistri ...

) invade the northern and eastern parts of Assyria. * 600 BC: Foundation of Capua. * 600 BC: India—Age of the

Mahajanapadas The Mahājanapadas ( sa, great realm, from ''maha'', "great", and '' janapada'' "foothold of a people") were sixteen kingdoms or oligarchic republics that existed in ancient India from the sixth to fourth centuries BCE during the second urban ...

—16 polities rule India— Kasi,

Kosala The Kingdom of Kosala (Sanskrit: ) was an ancient Indian kingdom with a rich culture, corresponding to the area within the region of Awadh in present-day Uttar Pradesh to Western Odisha. It emerged as a janapada, small state during the late Ve ...

, Anga, Magadha,

Vajji The Vajjika (Pāli: ) or Vrijika (Sanskrit: ) League, Confederacy, or Sangha, also called simply Vajji (Pāli: ) or Vriji (Sanskrit: ), was an ancient Indo-Aryan tribal league which existed during the later Iron Age period in north-east South ...

(or Vṛji), Malla, Chedi, Vatsa (or Vamsa),

Kuru Kuru may refer to: Anthropology and history * Kuru (disease), a type of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy associated with the cannibalistic funeral practices of the Fore people * Kuru (mythology), part of Meithei mythology * Kuru Kingdom, ...

, Panchala, Matsya (or Maccha), Surasena, Assaka, Avanti,

Gandhara Gandhāra is the name of an ancient region located in the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent, more precisely in present-day north-west Pakistan and parts of south-east Afghanistan. The region centered around the Peshawar Vall ...

, Kamboja * 600 BC: Foundation of Milan by Celts (approximate date). * 600 BC: Foundation of Marseille by

Phoceans Phocaea or Phokaia (Ancient Greek: Φώκαια, ''Phókaia''; modern-day Foça in Turkey) was an ancient Ionian Greek city on the western coast of Anatolia. Greek colonists from Phocaea founded the colony of Massalia (modern-day Marseille, in F ...

(traditional date). * 600 BC: Smyrna sacked and destroyed. * 600 BC:

builds the

Hanging Gardens of Babylon The Hanging Gardens of Babylon were one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World listed by Hellenic culture. They were described as a remarkable feat of engineering with an ascending series of tiered gardens containing a wide variety of tre ...

Inventions, discoveries, introductions

* The Chinese invent printing. * First metal coins used by the

ns of western Anatolia. Until c.

525 BC The year 525 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 229 '' Ab urbe condita''. The denomination 525 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar e ...

, coins bore an image on one side only. * Greeks adopt coins from Asia Minor. * Iron allegedly discovered in

. * 7th century BC –

4th century BC The 4th century BC started the first day of 400 BC and ended the last day of 301 BC. It is considered part of the Classical era, epoch, or historical period. This century marked the height of Classical Greek civilization in all of its aspects ...

– Etruscan cemetery of La

Banditaccia Cerveteri () is a town and ''comune'' of northern Lazio in the region of the Metropolitan City of Rome. Known by the ancient Romans as Caere, and previously by the Etruscans as Caisra or Cisra, and as Agylla (or ) by the Greeks, its modern name de ...

, Cerveteri is made.

Sovereign states

See:

List of sovereign states in the 7th century BC ; Political entities in the 8th century BC – Political entities in the 6th century BC – Political entities by century This is a list of states or polities that existed in the 7th century BC. Africa Americas Europe North and We ...

Notes

{{DEFAULTSORT:7th Century Bc -3 -93