This is a list of events that happened in

2009 File:2009 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The vertical stabilizer of Air France Flight 447 is pulled out from the Atlantic Ocean; Barack Obama becomes the first African American to become President of the United States; 2009 Iran ...

in Mexico. The article also lists the most important political leaders during the year at both federal and state levels.

Incumbents

Federal government

* President: Felipe Calderón *

Interior Secretary The United States secretary of the interior is the head of the United States Department of the Interior. The secretary and the Department of the Interior are responsible for the management and conservation of most federal land along with natural ...

(SEGOB):

Fernando Gómez Mont Fernando Francisco Gómez Mont Urueta (born January 11, 1963) is a Mexican people, Mexican lawyer and politician who served as Secretary of the Interior (Mexico), Secretary of the Interior. He was appointed by President Felipe Calderón on Nove ...

Secretary of Foreign Affairs In many countries, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is the government department responsible for the state's diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral relations affairs as well as for providing support for a country's citizens who are abroad. The entit ...

(SRE): Patricia Espinosa * Communications Secretary (SCT) **

Luis Téllez Luis Manuel Enrique Téllez Kuenzler (born October 13, 1958) is a Mexican economist. He is a former Secretary of Energy in the cabinet of Ernesto Zedillo and served as Secretary of Communications and Transportation in the cabinet of President Fel ...

, until March 3 ** Juan Molinar Horcasitas, starting March 3 * Education Secretary (SEP) **

Josefina Vázquez Mota Josefina Eugenia Vázquez Mota ( o̞.se̞'fi.na'βas.ke̞s'mo̞.ta (born 20 January 1961, in Mexico City) is a businessperson and politician who was the presidential candidate of the National Action Party (PAN) for the 2012 elections. Vázque ...

, until April 4 **

Alonso Lujambio Alonso José Ricardo Lujambio Irazábal (2 September 1962 – 25 September 2012) was a Mexican academic and politician who served as Secretary of Public Education in the cabinet of President Felipe Calderón. Lujambio served as member of the ...

, starting April 6 *

Secretary of Defense A defence minister or minister of defence is a cabinet official position in charge of a ministry of defense, which regulates the armed forces in sovereign states. The role of a defence minister varies considerably from country to country; in som ...

(SEDENA):

Guillermo Galván Galván Guillermo Galván Galván (born January 19, 1943) is a Mexican general. He formerly served as secretary of National Defense for the government of Felipe Calderon. He was succeeded 1 December 2012 by Salvador Cienfuegos Zepeda. He holds a mast ...

Secretary of Navy The secretary of the Navy (or SECNAV) is a statutory officer () and the head (chief executive officer) of the Department of the Navy, a military department (component organization) within the United States Department of Defense. By law, the sec ...

(SEMAR): Mariano Francisco Saynez Mendoza * Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS):

Javier Lozano Alarcón Javier Lozano Alarcón (born November 21, 1962) is a Mexican politician who served Secretary of Labor in the cabinet of President Felipe Calderón. He was elected as a senator to the LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress, representing Puebla. ...

* Secretary of Welfare (SEDESOL) ** Ernesto Cordero Arroyo, until December 9 **

Heriberto Félix Guerra Jesús Heriberto Félix Guerra (born 12 March 1962) is a Mexican economist and entrepreneur invited to the policy since 2004, a supporter of the National Action Party. He graduated in economics from the Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Su ...

, starting December 9 * Tourism Secretary (SECTUR):

Rodolfo Elizondo Torres Rodolfo Elizondo Torres (born July 18, 1946 in Durango) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the . Elizondo Torres holds a bachelor's degree in administration from the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education (ITESM). Political ...

* Secretary of the Environment (SEMARNAT): Juan Rafael Elvira Quesada * Secretary of Health (SALUD): José Ángel Córdova * Secretary of Public Security (SSP):

Genaro García Luna Genaro García Luna (born July 10, 1968) is a former Mexican government official and engineer. He served as Secretary of Public Security in the federal cabinet of Felipe Calderón. Since his term working for the Mexican government, García L ...

Secretary of Finance and Public Credit The Secretariat of the Treasury and Public Credit ( es, Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público, SHCP) is the finance ministry of Mexico. The Secretary of the Treasury is the head of the department, and is a member of the federal executive ...

(SHCP) ** Agustín Carstens, until December 9 ** Ernesto Cordero Arroyo, starting December 9 * Secretariat of Energy (Mexico) (SENER): Georgina Yamilet Kessel Martínez, starting December 1 *

Secretary of Agriculture The United States secretary of agriculture is the head of the United States Department of Agriculture. The position carries similar responsibilities to those of agriculture ministers in other governments. The department includes several organi ...

(SAGARPA) ** Alberto Cárdenas, until September 7 **Francisco Javier Mayorga Castañeda, starting September 7 * Secretary of Public Function (FUNCIÓN PÚBLICA): Salvador Vega Casillas *

Secretary of Agrarian Reform The secretary of agrarian reform (Filipino: ''Kalihim ng Repormang Pansakahan'') is the head of the Department of Agrarian Reform and is a member of the president’s Cabinet. List References External linksDAR website {{DEFAULTSORT:Sec ...

(SRA): Germán Martínez *

Secretary of Economy In Mexico, the Secretariat of Economy ( Spanish: ''Secretaría de Economía''; abbreviated "SE") is the government department in charge of matters related to the economy. The Secretary of Economy is a member of the federal executive cabinet app ...

(SE):

Gerardo Ruiz Mateos Gerardo Ruiz Mateos (born in Mexico City) is a Mexican engineer and politician and the former Secretariat of Economy In Mexico, the Secretariat of Economy ( Spanish: ''Secretaría de Economía''; abbreviated "SE") is the government department i ...

* Attorney General of Mexico (PRG) **

Eduardo Medina-Mora Icaza Eduardo Tomás Medina-Mora Icaza (Mexico City; 30 January 1957) is a Mexican lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Mexico from 10 March 2015 to 8 October 2019, when the Mexican Senate approved his resignation following an ongo ...

, until September 7 **

Arturo Chávez Chávez Arturo Chávez Chávez (born 4 September 1960) is a Mexican prosecutor who served as Attorney General of Mexico in the cabinet of President Felipe Calderón from 2009 until 2011. He previously served as Attorney General of Chihuahua during ...

, starting September 24

Supreme Court

* President of the Supreme Court:

Guillermo Iberio Ortiz Mayagoitia Guillermo Iberio Ortiz Mayagoitia (born 10 February 1941) is a Mexican jurist and former Supreme Court Justice. He previously served as the President (Chief Justice) of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation from 2 January 2007 to 31 December 2 ...

Governors

Aguascalientes Aguascalientes (; ), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Aguascalientes ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Aguascalientes), is one of the 32 states which comprise the Political divisions of Mexico, Federal Entities of Mexico. At 22°N and ...

: Luis Armando Reynoso, ( National Action Party, PAN) * Baja California:

José Guadalupe Osuna Millán José Guadalupe Osuna Millán (born December 10, 1955) is a Mexican economist and politician member of the National Action Party (PAN) who served as Governor of Baja California. Personal life and education Osuna graduated in Economics from t ...

, (PAN) *

Baja California Sur Baja California Sur (; 'South Lower California'), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Baja California Sur ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Baja California Sur), is the least populated state and the 31st admitted state of the 32 federal ent ...

Narciso Agúndez Montaño Narciso Agúndez Montaño (born 26 October 1958) is a Mexican former politician who served as governor of Baja California Sur from 2005 to 2011. Elected on February 6, 2005, he took office on April 5, 2005, and is the second member of Party of t ...

( Party of the Democratic Revolution, PRD) *

Campeche Campeche (; yua, Kaampech ), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Campeche ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Campeche), is one of the 31 states which make up the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. Located in southeast Mexico, it is bordered by ...

** Jorge Carlos Hurtado Valdez, ( Institutional Revolutionary Party, PRI), until September 15. ** Fernando Ortega Bernés, (PRI), starting September 16 *

Chiapas Chiapas (; Tzotzil language, Tzotzil and Tzeltal language, Tzeltal: ''Chyapas'' ), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Chiapas ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Chiapas), is one of the states that make up the Political divisions of Mexico, ...

Juan Sabines Guerrero Juan José Sabines Guerrero (born August 20, 1968) is a Mexican politician, son of the former Governor of Chiapas, Juan Sabines Gutiérrez and nephew of the writer Jaime Sabines. Until, 2006 he was member of the Institutional Revolutionary Part ...

, (

Coalition for the Good of All The Coalition for the Good of All ( es, Coalición por el Bien de Todos) was a left-wing coalition created by the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD), Convergence and the Labor Party (PT) to support Andrés Manuel López Obrador as a candid ...

) *

Chihuahua Chihuahua may refer to: Places *Chihuahua (state), a Mexican state **Chihuahua (dog), a breed of dog named after the state **Chihuahua cheese, a type of cheese originating in the state **Chihuahua City, the capital city of the state **Chihuahua Mun ...

José Reyes Baeza Terrazas José Reyes Baeza Terrazas (born 20 September 1961) is a Mexican politician and lawyer. In 2004, he was elected Governor of Chihuahua as a member of the Institutional Revolutionary Party for the term ending in 2010. Prior to that, he was Chair o ...

( Institutional Revolutionary Party, PRI) *

Coahuila Coahuila (), formally Coahuila de Zaragoza (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Coahuila de Zaragoza ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Coahuila de Zaragoza), is one of the 32 states of Mexico. Coahuila borders the Mexican states of N ...

Humberto Moreira Valdés Humberto Moreira Valdés (born 28 July 1966) is a Mexican politician who served as President of the . He was Governor of the State of Coahuila from 2005 to 2011. Moreira was included in a list of the "10 most corrupt Mexicans" published by '' ...

, ( Institutional Revolutionary Party PRI) * Colima: **

Silverio Cavazos Jesús Silverio Cavazos Ceballos (15 December 1968 – 21 November 2010) was a Mexican politician, the Governor of Colima from 2005 to 2009, elected after the death of Gustavo Vázquez Montes. He was a member of the Institutional Revolutionary ...

, ( Institutional Revolutionary Party, PRI), until 1 November ** Mario Anguiano Moreno, ( Institutional Revolutionary Party, PRI) from 1 November *

Durango Durango (), officially named Estado Libre y Soberano de Durango ( en, Free and Sovereign State of Durango; Tepehuán: ''Korian''; Nahuatl: ''Tepēhuahcān''), is one of the 31 states which make up the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico, situated in ...

Ismael Hernández Ismael Alfredo Hernández Deras (born Victoria de Durango, February 20, 1964) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) who served as Governor of the State of Durango from September 15, 2004 to Sept ...

, ( Institutional Revolutionary Party PRI) *

Guanajuato Guanajuato (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Guanajuato ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Guanajuato), is one of the 32 states that make up the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 46 municipalities and its capital city i ...

Juan Manuel Oliva Juan Manuel Oliva Ramírez (born March 21, 1960 León, Guanajuato) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party who served as Governor of Guanajuato from 2006 to 2012. Juan Manuel Oliva, a journalist who studied at the Es ...

, ( National Action Party, PAN) * Guerrero:

René Juárez Cisneros René Juárez Cisneros (8 June 195626 July 2021) was a Mexican economist and politician affiliated with the PRI. Biography He served as Senator of the LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Guerrero. He served as Governor of Gu ...

, ( Institutional Revolutionary Party PRI) * Hidalgo:

Miguel Ángel Osorio Chong Miguel Ángel Osorio Chong (; 5 August 1964) is a Mexican politician who served as the Secretary of the Interior in the cabinet of Enrique Peña Nieto. He was Governor of Hidalgo until April 2011. Early life Born in Pachuca, Hidalgo, he is a ...

, ( Institutional Revolutionary Party PRI) *

Jalisco Jalisco (, , ; Nahuatl: Xalixco), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Jalisco ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Jalisco ; Nahuatl: Tlahtohcayotl Xalixco), is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the 32 Federal En ...

Emilio González Márquez Emilio González Márquez (born 12 November 1960 in Lagos de Moreno, Jalisco) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party (PAN). He served as Governor of Jalisco. Political career González was an active member of the ...

, ( Institutional Revolutionary Party PRI) *

State of Mexico The State of Mexico ( es, Estado de México; ), officially just Mexico ( es, México), is one of the 32 federal entities of the United Mexican States. Commonly known as Edomex (from ) to distinguish it from the name of the whole country, it is ...

: Enrique Pena Nieto, ( Institutional Revolutionary Party PRI) *

Michoacán Michoacán, formally Michoacán de Ocampo (; Purépecha: ), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Michoacán de Ocampo ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Michoacán de Ocampo), is one of the 32 states which comprise the Federal Entities of ...

Lázaro Cárdenas Batel Lázaro Cárdenas Batel (born 2 April 1964) is a Mexican politician. He served as governor of Michoacán from 2002 to 2008, representing the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD). Prior to his election to that office in 2001, he had represen ...

, ( Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) (until 15 February);

Leonel Godoy Rangel Leonel Godoy Rangel (born June 5, 1950 in Lázaro Cárdenas, Michoacán) is a Mexican lawyer, politician, and former Governor of Michoacán. He is a former president of the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD). Political career Leonel G ...

( Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) (from 15 February) *

Morelos Morelos (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Morelos ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Morelos), is one of the 32 states which comprise the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 36 municipalities and its capital city is Cuer ...

Marco Antonio Adame Marco Antonio Adame Castillo (born 6 December 1960) is a Mexican politician, medical doctor, and member of the National Action Party (PAN). He served as governor of Morelos for the term of 2006—2012. Adame studied medicine and surgery at ...

(PAN). * Nayarit:

Ney González Sánchez Ney González Sánchez (born January 25, 1963) is a Mexican politician and the former Governor of Nayarit (2005–September 18, 2011). González Sánchez studied law in the Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit (UAN) He is married to Maria del Rosar ...

Nuevo León Nuevo León () is a state in the northeast region of Mexico. The state was named after the New Kingdom of León, an administrative territory from the Viceroyalty of New Spain, itself was named after the historic Spanish Kingdom of León. With a ...

: **

José Natividad González Parás José Natividad González Parás (born March 30, 1949 in Monterrey) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party. He is a former federal deputy and former governor of Nuevo León (2003–2009) He is also marr ...

, ( Institutional Revolutionary Party, PRI), until 3 October **

Rodrigo Medina de la Cruz Rodrigo Medina de la Cruz (born September 9, 1972 Monterrey, Nuevo Leon) is Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He served as Governor of Nuevo León from 2009 to 2015. He was linked by ''Operation Tor ...

, ( Institutional Revolutionary Party, PRI), from 3 October * Oaxaca:

Ulises Ruiz Ortiz Ulises Ruiz Ortiz (born April 9, 1958) is a Mexican politician and former governor of the State of Oaxaca. He took office in 2004 as a member of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). Controversies Ruiz Ortiz was accused by some of murd ...

, ( Institutional Revolutionary Party PRI) *

Puebla Puebla ( en, colony, settlement), officially Free and Sovereign State of Puebla ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Puebla), is one of the 32 states which comprise the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 217 municipalities and its cap ...

Mario Marín Torres is a character (arts), character created by Japanese video game designer Shigeru Miyamoto. He is the title character of the ''Mario (franchise), Mario'' franchise and the mascot of Japanese video game company Nintendo. Mario has appeared in ...

, ( Institutional Revolutionary Party PRI) *

Querétaro Querétaro (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Querétaro ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Querétaro, links=no; Otomi language, Otomi: ''Hyodi Ndämxei''), is one of the Political divisions of Mexico, 32 federal entities of Mexico. I ...

Francisco Garrido Patrón Francisco Garrido Patrón (born 1953) is a Mexican politician who was Governor of Querétaro The governor of Querétaro is the chief executive of the Mexican state of Querétaro. According to the Constitution of the Free and Sovereign State o ...

( National Action Party, PAN) * Quintana Roo:

Félix González Canto Félix Arturo González Canto (born 23 August 1968) is a Mexican politician and economist, affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). From 2005 until 2011 he was the governor of the state of Quintana Roo. He has previously hel ...

, ( Institutional Revolutionary Party PRI) *

San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of San Luis Potosí ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de San Luis Potosí), is one of the 32 states which compose the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 58 municipalities and i ...

: **

Jesús Marcelo de los Santos Fraga Jesus ( AD 30 or 33) was a Jewish preacher and religious leader who most Christians believe to be the incarnation of God and Muslims believe was a prophet. Jesus may also refer to: People Religious figures * Elymas Bar-Jesus, a Jew in the ''Ac ...

, ( Institutional Revolutionary Party, PRI), until 25 September **

Fernando Toranzo Fernández Fernando Toranzo Fernández (born September 12, 1950) is a Mexican politician who served as the Governor of San Luis Potosí The governor of San Luis Potosí exercises the role of the executive branch of government in the Mexican state of San ...

, ( Institutional Revolutionary Party, PRI), from 25 September *

Sinaloa Sinaloa (), officially the Estado Libre y Soberano de Sinaloa ( en, Free and Sovereign State of Sinaloa), is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the Administrative divisions of Mexico, Federal Entities of Mexico. It is d ...

: Jesús Aguilar Padilla, ( Institutional Revolutionary Party, PRI) *

Sonora Sonora (), officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Sonora ( en, Free and Sovereign State of Sonora), is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the Administrative divisions of Mexico, Federal Entities of Mexico. The state is d ...

: **

Eduardo Bours José Eduardo Robinson Bours Castelo (born December 17, 1956) is a Mexican businessman who served as governor of Sonora under the Institutional Revolutionary Party, PRI. He is a member of the Robinson Bours family which immigrated from the Uni ...

, ( Institutional Revolutionary Party, PRI), until 12 September **

Guillermo Padrés Elías Guillermo Padrés Elías (born 29 June 1969 in Arizpe, Mexico but raised in Cananea, Mexico) is a Mexican politician and a member of the '' Partido Acción Nacional'' ("National Action Party", PAN). He served as Governor of Sonora from 2009 to 2 ...

, ( National Action Party, PAN), from 12 September * Tabasco:

Andrés Rafael Granier Melo Andres or Andrés may refer to: *Andres, Illinois, an unincorporated community in Will County, Illinois, US *Andres, Pas-de-Calais, a commune in Pas-de-Calais, France * Andres (name) *Hurricane Andres * "Andres" (song), a 1994 song by L7 See als ...

, ( Institutional Revolutionary Party PRI) * Tamaulipas:

Eugenio Hernández Flores Eugenio Javier Hernández Flores (born October 17, 1959 in Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas), is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He was the mayor of Ciudad Victoria from 2001 to 2004 and Governor of t ...

, ( Institutional Revolutionary Party PRI) * Tlaxcala:

Héctor Ortiz Ortiz Héctor Israel Ortiz Ortiz (born 28 July 1950 in Oaxaca) is a Mexican lawyer and politician who served as Governor of Tlaxcala. Professional career Héctor Ortiz holds a bachelor's degree in law. He has been professor of law at the '' Universi ...

( National Action Party, PAN) * Veracruz: Fidel Herrera Beltrán ( Institutional Revolutionary Party PRI) * Yucatán: Ivonne Ortega Pacheco ( Institutional Revolutionary Party PRI) * Zacatecas:

Amalia García Amalia Dolores García Medina (born October 6, 1951) is a Mexican politician and a former governor of Zacatecas. Early life García was born into a political family. When she was five, her father Francisco Garcia Estrada was elected govern ...

( Party of the Democratic Revolution PRD) * Head of Government of the Federal District: Marcelo Ebrard (PRD)

Events

Barack Obama bids farewell to family of Felipe Calderon 4-16-09

*January– A

Swine flu pandemic The 2009 swine flu pandemic, caused by the H1N1 influenza virus and declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) from June 2009 to August 2010, is the third recent flu pandemic involving the H1N1 virus (the first being the 1918–1920 Span ...

occur right after the U.S. first case of the Flu. * February 11 – Mexico's National Institute of Anthropology and History announces the discovery of a 16th-century mass grave at the Tlatelolco archaeological site in Mexico City. * March 4 – 2009 Mexico prison riot: A riot at a prison near

Ciudad Juárez Ciudad Juárez ( ; ''Juarez City''. ) is the most populous city in the Mexican state of Chihuahua. It is commonly referred to as Juárez and was known as El Paso del Norte (''The Pass of the North'') until 1888. Juárez is the seat of the Ju� ...

, Mexico, kills at least 20 inmates and injures seven others. * March 17 – At least 11 people are killed and four injured in a bus accident outside Saltillo,

, Mexico. * April 10 – Mexico City closes

freshwater Fresh water or freshwater is any naturally occurring liquid or frozen water containing low concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids. Although the term specifically excludes seawater and brackish water, it does include ...

supplies to 5,000,000 people for 36 hours to combat shortages. * April 19 – Eight corrections officers are killed in an ambush during a prisoner transfer in Nayarit, Mexico. * April 25 – Mexico's government declares a

state of emergency A state of emergency is a situation in which a government is empowered to be able to put through policies that it would normally not be permitted to do, for the safety and protection of its citizens. A government can declare such a state du ...

combat Combat ( French for ''fight'') is a purposeful violent conflict meant to physically harm or kill the opposition. Combat may be armed (using weapons) or unarmed ( not using weapons). Combat is sometimes resorted to as a method of self-defense, or ...

the outbreak of swine influenza. * April 27 –

2009 Guerrero earthquake 9 (nine) is the natural number following and preceding . Evolution of the Arabic digit In the beginning, various Indians wrote a digit 9 similar in shape to the modern closing question mark without the bottom dot. The Kshatrapa, Andhra a ...

: A 5.6-magnitude earthquake strikes near Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico. * May 16 – The Gulf drug cartel liberates 59 inmates from a prison in Zacatecas, Mexico. * May 22 – A 5.7-magnitude earthquake strikes Chiautla de Tapia,

, Mexico. * June 6 –

2009 Hermosillo daycare center fire The ABC Day Care Center Fire in Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico, took place on Friday, June 5, 2009. Forty four children died that day and the death toll subsequently rose as additional children succumbed to their injuries. As of June 7, 44 toddlers an ...

: a fire at a

day-care center Child care, otherwise known as day care, is the care and supervision of a child or multiple children at a time, whose ages range from two weeks of age to 18 years. Although most parents spend a significant amount of time caring for their child(r ...

kills at least 40 people in Hermosillo, Mexico. * July 3 – A 6.0 magnitude earthquake centred in the Sea of Cortez shakes western Mexico. * July 5 – Mexico holds its

legislative election A general election is a political voting election where generally all or most members of a given political body are chosen. These are usually held for a nation, state, or territory's primary legislative body, and are different from by-elections ( ...

. * August 3 – Several earthquakes, including one of 6.9 magnitude, hit northwestern Mexico. * August 7 –

2009 Guanajuato and Hidalgo shootings The 2009 Guanajuato and Hidalgo shootings were several shootouts that occurred on August 6, 2009 in Mexico between police and gunmen resulting in the seizure by police of 1.2 million pesos (more than $92,000), cocaine, assault rifles, police uni ...

: Shootouts leave at least 11 dead in the escalating violence since Mexico's continuing national crackdown on the illegal drug trade. *August 4 – President

Felipe Calderon Felipe is the Spanish variant of the name Philip, which derives from the Greek adjective ''Philippos'' "friend of horses". Felipe is also widely used in Portuguese-speaking Brazil alongside Filipe, the form commonly used in Portugal. Noteworthy ...

receives

Honduras Honduras, officially the Republic of Honduras, is a country in Central America. The republic of Honduras is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Oce ...

President Manuel Zelaya in ''Los Pinos'' after a ''coup d'etat''. * August 15 – A prison riot in the Mexican state of

leaves at least 19 people dead and 20 injured. * August 21 – Mexico decriminalises the use of small amounts of

marijuana Cannabis, also known as marijuana among other names, is a psychoactive drug from the cannabis plant. Native to Central or South Asia, the cannabis plant has been used as a drug for both recreational and entheogenic purposes and in various tra ...

, cocaine, heroin and other drugs for "personal use". * September 9 –

Aeroméxico Flight 576 Aeroméxico Flight 576 was a Mexican domestic passenger flight from Cancún to Mexico City that was hijacked on 9 September 2009. The plane was flown to Mexico City International Airport where the passengers were released. A short while later, th ...

, a Boeing 737 carrying 104 people, is hijacked shortly after take-off from Cancún, and forced to land at

Mexico City International Airport Mexico City International Airport ( es, link=yes, Aeropuerto Internacional de la Ciudad de México, AICM); officially ''Aeropuerto Internacional Benito Juárez'' (Benito Juárez International Airport) is the main international airport serving ...

. * September 16 – Gunmen kill 10 people at a drug rehabilitation clinic in Mexico. * December 16 – Mexican drug lord

Arturo Beltrán Leyva Marcos Arturo Beltrán Leyva (September 27, 1961 – December 16, 2009) was a Mexican drug lord who, alongside his brothers, founded and led the Beltrán-Leyva Cartel. Prior to founding his own organization, Beltran-Leyva was a longtime high-ra ...

, leader of the Beltrán-Leyva Cartel, is killed by personnel of the Mexican Navy during a shootout in Cuernavaca, Morelos. * December 21 – Mexico City's Legislative Assembly legalizes same-sex marriage and LGBT adoption. * December 25 – The death by gunshot wound of '' Expresiones de Tulum'' journalist

Alberto Velázquez Alberto Camilo Velázquez (born 16 July 1934) is a Uruguayan former cyclist. He competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics and the 1960 Summer Olympics The 1960 Summer Olympics ( it, Giochi Olimpici estivi del 1960), officially known as the Games ...

, the 12th journalist to be killed in Mexico in 2009, is announced.

Awards

Belisario Domínguez Medal of Honor The Belisario Domínguez Medal of Honor (Spanish: ''Medalla de Honor "Belisario Domínguez" del Senado de la República'') is the highest award bestowed by the Mexican Senate. It forms part of the Mexican Honors System and is currently Mexico's ...

–

Javier Barros Sierra Javier Barros Sierra (25 February 1915 – 5 May 1971) was a Mexican engineer and rector of the National Autonomous University of Mexico during the 1968 Tlatelolco massacre. Career Born in Mexico City, he studied civil engineering at the Nationa ...

( post mortem) * Order of the Aztec Eagle *

National Prize for Arts and Sciences The National Prize for Arts and Sciences ( es, Premio Nacional de Ciencias y Artes) is awarded annually by the Government of Mexico in six categories. It is part of the Mexican Honours System and was established in 1945. The prize is a gold medal a ...

* National Public Administration Prize * Ohtli Award **

Viola Casares Viola Casares (born 1944) was the founder of a group called Fuerza Unida - an activist group in San Antonio, Texas. Life and Activism In the 1990s, Viola Casares and 1,250 Mexican and Mexican-American women workers at Levi Strauss & Company we ...

Jimmie V. Reyna Jimmie V. Reyna (born November 11, 1952) is an American lawyer, former president of the Hispanic National Bar Association, and a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit.

** Esperanza Andrade ** Gil Cedillo ** Gloria Molina **

Enrique Morones Enrique Morones is the founder and former executive director of San Diego-based human rights organization Border Angels 1986-2019. Currently he is the executive director of Gente Unida, a human rights border coalition. He also is founder of House ...

Janet Murguía Janet Murguía (born September 6, 1960) is a civil rights activist in the United States. She is president of UnidosUS, formerly National Council of La Raza (NCLR), a Hispanic advocacy organization. Her twin sister Mary and elder brother Carlos ar ...

Popular culture

Sports

2009 Primera División de México Clausura 9 (nine) is the natural number following and preceding . Evolution of the Arabic digit In the beginning, various Indians wrote a digit 9 similar in shape to the modern closing question mark without the bottom dot. The Kshatrapa, Andhra and ...

* 2009 Primera División de México Apertura *

2009 InterLiga The 2009 InterLiga was the 6th edition of the tournament that determined the last two Mexican spots in the 2009 Copa Libertadores. Venues Qualification The eight qualified teams were the eight best-positioned teams in the 2008 Apertura gene ...

* 2009 CONCACAF Champions League Finals *

2009 CONCACAF U-17 Championship The 2009 CONCACAF U17 Championship was the football championship tournament for under-17 in the CONCACAF region (North America, Central America and the Caribbean), and was formatted to determine the four CONCACAF representatives to advance to the ...

2009 CONCACAF Beach Soccer Championship The 2009 CONCACAF Beach Soccer Championship, also known as the 2009 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup qualifiers for (CONCACAF), was a qualifying tournament held during June 17 – 21, 2009 in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico that determined which two participa ...

Homenaje a Dos Leyendas (2009) ''Homenaje a Dos Leyendas'' (2009) (Spanish for "Homage to Two Legends") was a professional wrestling supercard show event, scripted and produced by Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL; "World Wrestling Council"). The ''Dos Leyendas'' show took ...

* 2009 FIA WTCC Race of Mexico *

2009 LATAM Challenge Series season 2009 LATAM Challenge Series season was the third season of LATAM Challenge Series. Schedule Results Races Points table * ''see 2009 Formula Renault seasons'' {{LATAM Challenge Series Championship LATAM LATAM Airlines Group S.A. is ...

2009 NASCAR Corona Series season The 2009 NASCAR Corona Series was the sixth season of the Corona Series, which was sanctioned by NASCAR Mexico. New for this season All five previous NASCAR Mexico series champions raced the full schedule in 2009. The Rookie of the Year champio ...

* 2009 NASCAR Mini Stock Series season * 2009 Chihuahua Express * 2009 Carrera Panamericana *

2009 International Rally of Nations The International Rally of Nations is an international Demonstration (people), Rally event held in México for the first time in 2009. According to the organization, "the idea of this event is to bring the emotional side of the Olympic Games or t ...

2009 NORCECA Beach Volleyball Circuit (Manzanillo) The 2009 NORCECA Beach Volleyball Circuit at Manzanillo was held October 2 through October 4, 2009, in Manzanillo, Mexico. It was the sixth leg of the NORCECA Beach Volleyball Circuit 2009. The tournament was dedicated to the memory of Alejandro S ...

* 2009 NORCECA Beach Volleyball Circuit (Puerto Vallarta) *

2009 NORCECA Beach Volleyball Circuit (Tijuana) The 2009 NORCECA Beach Volleyball Circuit at Tijuana was held September 25–27, 2009 in Tijuana, Mexico. It was the fifth leg of the NORCECA Beach Volleyball Circuit 2009. Women's competition Men's competition Results on September 27, 2009 ...

2009 Mexican Figure Skating Championships The 2009 Mexican Figure Skating Championships took place between 8 and 15 November 2008 in Cuautitlán Izcalli. Skaters competed in the disciplines of men's singles and ladies' singles on the senior level. The results were used to choose the Mex ...

2009 FIVB Women's Junior World Championship The 2009 Women's Junior Volleyball World Championship, FIVB Women's Junior Volleyball World Championship was held in Tijuana and Mexicali, Mexico from July 16 to 25, 2009. 16 teams participated in the tournament. Qualification process * Czech R ...

* Mexico at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics *

2009 Caribbean Series The fifty-first edition of the Caribbean Series (''Serie del Caribe'') was played in . It was held from February 2 through February 7 with the champions teams from Dominican Republic (Tigres del Licey), Mexico (Venados de Mazatlán), Puerto Rico ( ...

Music

List of number-one albums of 2009 (Mexico) The highest-selling compact discs and music downloads in Mexico are ranked in the Top 100 Mexico record chart published weekly by AMPROFON (Asociación Mexicana de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas), a non-profit organization made up of M ...

Film

* ''

All inclusive An all-inclusive resort is a holiday resort that includes at a minimum lodging, three meals daily, soft drinks, most alcoholic drinks, gratuities, and possibly other services in the price. Many also offer sports and non-motorized watersports and ...

'' * '' Amar'' * ''

Amar a morir ''Amar a morir'' ("Love to Die") is a 2009 Mexican-Colombian drama film. The film marks Fernando Lebrija's directorial debut. The movie was filmed in Mexico City, in the State of Michoacán and in the town of Ocelotitlán, Michoacán. Plot A ...

'' * '' Cabeza de Buda'' * ''

Otra película de huevos y un pollo The Otra is the largest river in the Sørlandet region of Norway. It begins in Setesdalsheiene mountains at the lake Breidvatnet in Bykle municipality in Agder county, just south of the border with Vinje municipality in Vestfold og Telemark count ...

'' * '' Tlatelolco: México 68'' * '' Recién Cazado'' * '' Sólo quiero caminar'' * ''

Secretos de familia ''Secretos de Familia (Family Secrets)'' is a Mexican telenovela, remake of '' Brothers & Sisters'' by Azteca in 2013. In January 2013, confirmed cast included Sergio Basañez and Anette Michel as the protagonists. From May 13 to October 4, 2013, ...

'' * '' Nikté''

Literature

TV

Telenovelas

* ''

Un gancho al corazón ''Un Gancho Al Corazón'' (English title: ''A Blow to the Heart'') is a Mexican telenovela produced by Angelli Nesma Medina for Televisa that aired from August 25, 2008, to June 26, 2009. It is based on the Argentine telenovela ''Sos mi vida''. ...

'' * '' Mañana es para siempre'' * ''

Atrévete a soñar ''Atrévete a Soñar'' (English: ''Dare to dream'') is a Mexican teen telenovela, produced by Luis de Llano for Televisa, under the license of Ideas del Sur. ''Atrévete a Soñar'' is an adaptation of the Argentine telenovela, ''Patito Feo'' ('' ...

'' * ''

Verano de amor ''Verano de amor'' (English title: ''Summer of Love'') is a Mexican telenovela produced by Televisa. It is a remake of a famous Argentine telenovela, ''Verano del 98'', adapted for the Mexican audience. It premiered on February 9, 2009, and ended ...

'' * '' Mi pecado'' * ''

Camaleones ''Camaleones'' (''Chameleons'') is a 2009/2010 Mexican neo-noir vigilante heist thriller telenovela produced by Televisa. The soap opera premiered on Mexico's Canal de las Estrellas, replacing the completed TV series ''Verano de Amor''. ''Cama ...

'' * ''

Hasta que el dinero nos separe ''Hasta que el dinero nos separe'' is a Mexican telenovela premiered on Canal de las Estrellas on June 29, 2009, and concluded on May 16, 2010. The series is created and produced for Televisa by Emilio Larrosa, based on the Colombian telenovela ' ...

'' * ''

Sortilegio Sortilegio (literally "Sortilege", "Love Spell" in English-speaking markets) is a Mexican telenovela produced by Carla Estrada, in her final telenovela for Televisa in 2009. and stars Jacqueline Bracamontes and William Levy as main protagonists, ...

'' * '' Alma de Hierro'' * ''

Pasión Morena Passion, the Passion or the Passions may refer to: Emotion * Passion (emotion), a very strong feeling about a person or thing * Passions (philosophy), emotional states as used in philosophical discussions * Stoic passions, various forms of emotio ...

'' * '' Eternamente tuya'' * ''

Pobre diabla Pobre Diabla may refer to: *Pobre Diabla (Mexican TV series), a 2009 telenovela *Pobre Diabla (Peruvian TV series), a 2000 telenovela *"Pobre Diabla", a song by Don Omar from the album ''The Last Don Live ''The Last Don Live'' is a live album by ...

'' * ''

Los exitosos Pérez Los exitosos Pérez (The Successful Perezes) is the adaptation for Mexico of the Argentine telenovela '' Los Exitosos Pells''. It's a co-production of Endemol and Telefe. Mexican producer José Alberto Castro acts as it executive producer. With a ...

'' * '' Corazón salvaje'' * '' Mujer comprada''

Notable deaths

Fantasy Island Ricardo Montalban (cropped)

* January 11 –

Ricardo Martínez de Hoyos Ricardo Martínez de Hoyos (October 28, 1918 – January 11, 2009) was a Mexican painter noted for his figurative work on unreal atmospheres. He was one of several children from a very large family to make a mark in his field, along with Oliverio ...

, 90, Mexican painter, pneumonia. * January 14 – Ricardo Montalbán, 88, Mexican-born American actor ('' Fantasy Island'', '' Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan''), heart failure. *February 6 – Claudio Reyes Núñez, politician , president of

Otáez Municipality Otáez is a Municipalities of Durango, municipality in the Mexico, Mexican List of states of Mexico, state of Durango. The municipal seat lies at Otáez. The municipality covers an area of 906.5 km². As of 2010, the municipality had a total ...

, Durango; murdered. * February 7 – Jorge Reyes, 56, Mexican musician (Chac Mool), heart attack. * February 22 – Francisco Javier Rodríguez Aceves, politician , former president of

Petatlán (municipality) Petatlán Municipality is one of the 81 municipalities of Guerrero, in south-western Mexico. The municipal seat lies at Petatlán. The municipality covers an area of . As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 44,485. Geography, cli ...

, Guerrero: murdered. * February 24 – Octavio Manuel Carrillo Castellanos, politician , municipal president of

Vista Hermosa, Michoacán Vista Hermosa (Spanish: "beautiful view") is a municipality in the Mexican state of Michoacán, located approximately northwest of the state capital of Morelia. Geography The municipality of Vista Hermosa is located at an elevation between in t ...

; murdered. * March 3 –

Luis Mena Arroyo Luis Mena Arroyo (April 27, 1920 Churintzio – March 3, 2009) was a Mexican Auxiliary Bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Mexico from 1961 to 1964 and, with personal title of Archbishop, from 1979 until 1995. Between those stints, he wa ...

, 88, Mexican prelate, Auxiliary Bishop of Mexico. *March 7 – , Gonzalo Paz Torres, , N/A, , Chief of city council, , 7 March 2009, ,

Tancítaro Tancítaro is a city and municipality in the western part of the Mexican state of Michoacán, in Southwestern Mexico. Its municipal seat is the City of Tancítaro. The area has been called "the avocado capital of the world." An Avocado Festival ...

, Michoacán, , *March 14 – Dimas Arzeta Cisneros, politician , former president of

Tecpán de Galeana Tecpán may refer to: *Tecpán Guatemala, a municipality in Chimaltenango *Tecpán de Galeana (municipality) Tecpan de Galeana is one of the 81 municipalities of Guerrero, in south-western Mexico. The municipal seat lies at Tecpan de Galeana. ...

, Guerrero; murdered. * March 18 –

Luis Rojas Mena Luis Rojas Mena (June 21, 1917 – March 18, 2009) was a Mexican Bishop of the Roman Catholic Church. Rojas Mena was born in Jalpa de Cánovas, Guanajuato Guanajuato (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Guanajuato ( es, Estado Libre ...

, 91, Mexican Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Culiacán (1969–1993). * March 22 – Abismo Negro, 37, Mexican

lucha libre Lucha libre (, meaning "freestyle wrestling" or literally translated as "free fight") is the term used in Latin America for professional wrestling. Since its introduction to Mexico in the early 20th century, it has developed into a unique form ...

professional wrestler, drowned. * March 23 –

Raúl Macías Raúl Macías Guevara (July 28, 1934 in Mexico City – March 23, 2009) was a Mexican professional boxer, actor and boxing trainer. He took the NBA World Bantamweight Championship on March 9, 1955. Widely known as "Ratón" Macías, or "Mouse" M ...

, 74, Mexican

boxer Boxer most commonly refers to: * Boxer (boxing), a competitor in the sport of boxing *Boxer (dog), a breed of dog Boxer or boxers may also refer to: Animal kingdom * Boxer crab * Boxer shrimp, a small group of decapod crustaceans * Boxer snipe ee ...

, cancer. * March 26 – Griselda Álvarez, 95, Mexican politician and writer,

Governor of Colima According to the Political Constitution of the Free and Sovereign State of Colima, the exercise of the Executive Power of this Mexican entity is placed in a single individual, called the Constitutional Governor of the Free and Sovereign State of ...

(1979–1985),

natural causes In many legal jurisdictions, the manner of death is a determination, typically made by the coroner, medical examiner, police, or similar officials, and recorded as a vital statistic. Within the United States and the United Kingdom, a distinct ...

. * April 3 – Nicolás León Hernández, politician , former municipal president of Isla del Cayacal, Michoacán; murdered. *April 7 – Gustavo Bucio Rodríguez, politician , candidate for Deputy in Michoacán; murdered. *April 20 – Alfonso Rivera Cruz, municipal president pro tempore of

Zapotitlán Tablas (municipality) Zapotitlán Tablas is a municipality in the Mexican state of Guerrero. The municipal seat lies at Zapotitlán Tablas Zapotitlán Tablas is a city and seat of the municipality of Zapotitlán Tablas, in the state of Guerrero, south-western ...

, Guerrero; murdered. * April 23 – Felipe Solís Olguín, 64, Mexican

archaeologist Archaeology or archeology is the scientific study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscap ...

, curator of the National Anthropology Museum, cardiac arrest. * April 30 –

Amparo Arozamena Amparo Arozamena (August 24, 1916 – April 30, 2009) was a Mexican actress of film and television, best known for her character roles in the 1960s. During the same decade, she became most noted for her role of "Doña Chole" in the Telesistema ...

, 92, Mexican actress, heart attack. * May 5 –

Manuel Capetillo Manuel Antonio Capetillo Villaseñor (15 April 1926 – 5 May 2009) was a Mexican film actor, bullfighter, singer, and songwriter from Ixtlahuacán de los Membrillos, Jalisco. On 5 May 2009, Capetillo died of respiratory insufficiency, in Chac ...

, bullfighter, singer, and actor; respiratory illness (b. 1926) * May 5 – Benjamín Flores, 24, Mexican

, brain injury during a match. *June 2 – Luis Carlos Ramírez López, politician , president of Ocampo Municipality; murdered. *June 11 – Efraín Gutiérrez Arcos, politician , former municipal president of

Santa Ana Maya Santa Ana Maya Municipality is one of the municipalities of Michoacán, bordering on the state of Guanajuato and Lake Cuitzeo Lake Cuitzeo () is a lake in the central part of Mexico, in the state of Michoacán. It has an area of . The lake is a ...

, Michoacán; murdered. *June 23 — Manuel Saval, 53, actor (b. 1956) *July 14 **Héctor Manuel Meixueiro Muñoz, politician , president of

Namiquipa Municipality Namiquipa is one of the 67 municipalities of Chihuahua, in northern Mexico. The municipal seat lies at Namiquipa. As of 2010, the municipality had a total population of 22,880, up from 20,314 as of 2005. As of 2010, the town of Namiquipa had ...

, Chihuahua; murdered. **Ismael Rivera, politician, treasurer of the municipality of Namiquipa, Chihuahua; murdered. * July 19 –

Guillermo Schulenburg Guillermo von der Schulenburg Prado, often referred to simply as Guillermo Schulenburg (June 12, 1916 – July 19, 2009), was the abbot of the Basilica of Guadalupe in Mexico City from 1963 to 1996. He was appointed Abbot of the Basilica of Guadal ...

, 93, Mexican Abbot of the Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe (1963–1996),

. * July 22 –

Marco Antonio Nazareth Marco Antonio Nazareth (12 April 1986 – 22 July 2009) was a Mexican professional boxer. Professional career Nazareth began his professional career in 2005, and until 2009 he racked up a record of four wins and three losses in seven bouts. ...

, 23, Mexican

cerebral hemorrhage Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), also known as cerebral bleed, intraparenchymal bleed, and hemorrhagic stroke, or haemorrhagic stroke, is a sudden bleeding into the tissues of the brain, into its ventricles, or into both. It is one kind of bleed ...

. * August 20 ** Carlos González Nova, 92, Mexican businessman, founder of

Comercial Mexicana Tiendas Comercial Mexicana S.A. de C.V., colloquially known as La Comercial and La Comer, was a Mexican hypermarket group that operated mainly in Mexico City and Central Mexico. It was founded in 1930 and operated by Controladora Comercial Mex ...

supermarket chain. **Armando Chavarría Barrera, politician , Deputy from Chilpancingo, Guerrero; murdered. * August 29 –

Yolanda Varela Yolanda Varela was a Mexican actress. Born in Mexico City on 30 March 1930, she started acting at a very early age. She studied ballet in the National Institute of the Performing Arts. Varela was the leading actress in many Mexican films and some ...

, 79, Mexican film actress,

. * September 6 – Jose Francisco Fuentes, 43, politician;

shot Shot may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media * ''Shot'' (album), by The Jesus Lizard *''Shot, Illusion, New God'', an EP by Gruntruck *''Shot Rev 2.0'', a video album by The Sisters of Mercy * "Shot" (song), by The Rasmus * ''Shot'' (2017 fi ...

. *October 9 – Estanislao García Santelis, politician, municipal president of Puerto Palomas, Chihuahua; murdered. *October 16 – José Sánchez Chávez, politician , former municipal president of

Tiquicheo Tiquicheo de Nicolás Romero is a municipality located in the Mexican state of Michoacán. The municipality has an area of 1,429.65 square kilometres (4.89% of the surface of the state) and is bordered to the north by the municipality of Tzitzio, ...

, Michoacán; murdered. * October 25 – Lázaro Pérez Jiménez, 66, Mexican

Roman Catholic Bishop In the Catholic Church, a bishop is an Holy Orders, ordained Minister (Catholic Church), minister who holds the fullness of the Sacraments of the Catholic Church, sacrament of Holy orders in the Catholic Church, holy orders and is responsible ...

Celaya Celaya (; ) is a city and its surrounding municipalities of Mexico, municipality in the state of Guanajuato, Mexico, located in the southeast quadrant of the state. It is the third most populous city in the state, with a 2005 census population of 3 ...

. * November 6 – Manuel Arvizu, 90, Mexican

of Jesús María del Nayar. * November 7 –

Bernardo Garza Sada Bernardo Garza Sada (1930 – 7 November 2009) was a Mexican businessman who founded the Grupo ALFA conglomerate in 1974. He also served as ALFA's former president. Additionally, Garza Sada was a member of the company's board of directors for two ...

, 79, Mexican businessman, founder of ALFA. * November 16 –

Antonio de Nigris Antonio de Nigris Guajardo (; 1 April 1978 – 15 November 2009) was a Mexican professional footballer who played as a striker. During his career, which was cut short at 31 by a fatal heart attack, he played in six countries, also representin ...

, 31, Mexican

football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal. Unqualified, the word ''football'' normally means the form of football that is the most popular where the word is used. Sports commonly c ...

player, heart failure. * November 28 – Joaquín Vargas Gómez, 84, Mexican media owner, founder of MVS Comunicaciones,

. *December 4: Leticia Palma (Zoyla Gloria Ruiz Moscoso), 82, actress (''En la palma de tu mano''), (b. 1926) * December 7 – Lorenzo Ochoa Salas, Mexican archeologist. * December 16 –

, 48, Mexican

drug lord A drug lord, drug baron, kingpin or narcotrafficker is a high-ranking crime boss who controls a sizable network of people involved in the illegal drug trade. Such figures are often difficult to bring to justice, as they are normally not directly ...

References

External links

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