File:1993 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Oslo I Accord is signed in an attempt to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict; The Russian White House
The White House ( rus, Белый дом, r=Bely dom, p=ˈbʲɛlɨj ˈdom; officially The House of the Government of the Russian Federation, rus, Дом Правительства Российской Федерации, r=Dom pravitelstva Ross ...
is shelled during the 1993 Russian constitutional crisis
The 1993 Russian constitutional crisis, also known as the 1993 October Coup, Black October, the Shooting of the White House or Ukaz 1400, was a political stand-off and a constitutional crisis between the Russian president Boris Yeltsin and t ...
; Czechoslovakia
, rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי,
, common_name = Czechoslovakia
, life_span = 1918–19391945–1992
, p1 = Austria-Hungary
, image_p1 ...
is peacefully dissolved into the Czech Republic
The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The ...
and Slovakia
Slovakia (; sk, Slovensko ), officially the Slovak Republic ( sk, Slovenská republika, links=no ), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the s ...
; In the United States, the ATF
The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (BATFE), commonly referred to as the ATF, is a domestic law enforcement agency within the United States Department of Justice. Its responsibilities include the investigation and preven ...
besieges a compound belonging to David Koresh
David Koresh (; born Vernon Wayne Howell; August 17, 1959 – April 19, 1993) was an American cult leader who played a central role in the Waco siege of 1993. As the head of the Branch Davidians, a religious sect and offshoot of the Davidian Se ...
and the Branch Davidians
The Branch Davidians (or the General Association of Branch Davidian Seventh-day Adventists) were an apocalyptic new religious movement founded in 1955 by Benjamin Roden. They regard themselves as a continuation of the General Association of ...
in a search for illegal weapons, which ends in the building being set alight and killing most inside; Eritrea gains independence; A major snow storm
A winter storm is an event in which wind coincides with varieties of precipitation that only occur at freezing temperatures, such as snow, mixed snow and rain, or freezing rain. In temperate continental climates, these storms are not necessar ...
passes over the United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territori ...
and Canada
Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ...
, leading to over 300 fatalities; Drug lord and narcoterrorist
Narcoterrorism, in its original context, is understood to refer to the attempts of narcotics traffickers to influence the policies of a government or a society through violence and intimidation, and to hinder the enforcement of anti-drug laws by t ...
Pablo Escobar is killed by Colombian special forces; Ramzi Yousef
Ramzi Ahmed Yousef ( ur, , translit=''Ramzī Ahmad Yūsuf''; born 20 May 1967 or 27 April 1968) is a Pakistani convicted terrorist who was one of the main perpetrators of the 1993 World Trade Center bombing and the bombing of Philippine Airlines ...
and other Islamic terrorists detonate a truck bomb in the subterranean garage of the North Tower of the World Trade Center
World Trade Centers are sites recognized by the World Trade Centers Association.
World Trade Center may refer to:
Buildings
* List of World Trade Centers
* World Trade Center (2001–present), a building complex that includes five skyscrapers, a ...
in the United States., 300x300px, thumb
rect 0 0 200 200 Oslo I Accord
rect 200 0 400 200 1993 Russian constitutional crisis
The 1993 Russian constitutional crisis, also known as the 1993 October Coup, Black October, the Shooting of the White House or Ukaz 1400, was a political stand-off and a constitutional crisis between the Russian president Boris Yeltsin and t ...
rect 400 0 600 200 Dissolution of Czechoslovakia
rect 0 200 300 400 1993 World Trade Center bombing
rect 300 200 600 400 Waco siege
The Waco siege, also known as the Waco massacre, was the law enforcement siege of the compound that belonged to the religious sect Branch Davidians. It was carried out by the U.S. federal government, Texas state law enforcement, and the U.S. ...
rect 0 400 200 600 Pablo Escobar
rect 200 400 400 600 1993 Storm of the Century
The 1993 Storm of the Century (also known as the 93 Superstorm, The No Name Storm, or the Great Blizzard of '93/1993) was a cyclonic storm that formed over the Gulf of Mexico on March 12, 1993. The cold weather, heavy snowfall, high winds and s ...
rect 400 400 600 600 Independence of Eritrea
1993 was designated as:
* International Year for the World's Indigenous People
The year 1993 in the
Kwajalein Atoll in the
Marshall Islands
The Marshall Islands ( mh, Ṃajeḷ), officially the Republic of the Marshall Islands ( mh, Aolepān Aorōkin Ṃajeḷ),'' () is an independent island country and microstate near the Equator in the Pacific Ocean, slightly west of the Intern ...
had only 364 days, since its calendar advanced 24 hours to the
Eastern Hemisphere side of the
International Date Line, skipping
August 21, 1993.
Events
January
*
January 1
January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the yea ...
**
Czechoslovakia
, rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי,
, common_name = Czechoslovakia
, life_span = 1918–19391945–1992
, p1 = Austria-Hungary
, image_p1 ...
ceases to exist, as the
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The ...
and
Slovakia
Slovakia (; sk, Slovensko ), officially the Slovak Republic ( sk, Slovenská republika, links=no ), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the s ...
separate in the
Dissolution of Czechoslovakia.
** The
European Economic Community eliminates trade barriers and creates a European
single market.
*
January 3 – In Moscow, Presidents
George H. W. Bush (United States) and
Boris Yeltsin
Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin ( rus, Борис Николаевич Ельцин, p=bɐˈrʲis nʲɪkɐˈla(j)ɪvʲɪtɕ ˈjelʲtsɨn, a=Ru-Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin.ogg; 1 February 1931 – 23 April 2007) was a Soviet and Russian politician wh ...
(Russia) sign the
second Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty.
*
January 5
Events Pre-1600
*1477 – Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is defeated and killed in a conflict with René II, Duke of Lorraine; Burgundy subsequently becomes part of France.
1601–1900
* 1675 – Battle of Colmar: The French a ...
** US$7.4 million is stolen from the
Brink's
The Brink's Company is an American private security and protection company headquartered outside Richmond, Virginia. Its core business is Brink's Inc.; its sister brand Brink's Home Security company operates separately and is headquartered in ...
Armored Car Depot in
Rochester, New York
Rochester () is a city in the U.S. state of New York, the seat of Monroe County, and the fourth-most populous in the state after New York City, Buffalo, and Yonkers, with a population of 211,328 at the 2020 United States census. Located in W ...
, in the fifth largest robbery in U.S. history.
** , a
Liberian-registered
oil tanker
An oil tanker, also known as a petroleum tanker, is a ship designed for the bulk transport of oil or its products. There are two basic types of oil tankers: crude tankers and product tankers. Crude tankers move large quantities of unrefined cru ...
, runs aground off the Scottish island of
Mainland, Shetland, causing a massive oil spill.
*
January 6
**
Douglas Hurd
Douglas Richard Hurd, Baron Hurd of Westwell, (born 8 March 1930) is a British Conservative Party politician who served in the governments of Margaret Thatcher and John Major from 1979 to 1995.
A career diplomat and political secretary to P ...
is the first high-ranking British official to visit
Argentina
Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...
since the
Falklands War.
**
January 6–
20 – The
Bombay riots
In the Bombay riots in December 1992 and January 1993, an estimated 900 people died. The riots were mainly due to escalations of hostilities after large scale protests by Muslims in reaction to the 1992 Babri Masjid Demolition by Hindu Karsev ...
take place in
Mumbai
Mumbai (, ; also known as Bombay — List of renamed Indian cities and states#Maharashtra, the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian States and union territories of India, state of Maharashtra and the ''de facto'' fin ...
.
*
January 7 – The
Fourth Republic of Ghana
Ghana (; tw, Gaana, ee, Gana), officially the Republic of Ghana, is a country in West Africa. It abuts the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean to the south, sharing borders with Ivory Coast in Ghana–Ivory Coast border, the west, Burkina ...
is inaugurated, with
Jerry Rawlings
Jerry John Rawlings (22 June 194712 November 2020) was a Ghanaian military officer and politician who led the country for a brief period in 1979, and then from 1981 to 2001. He led a military junta until 1992, and then served two terms as the de ...
as president.
*
January 8–
17 – The
Braer Storm of January 1993, the most intense
extratropical cyclone on record for the northern Atlantic Ocean, occurs.
*
January 13
** The
Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) is signed.
**
Iraq disarmament crisis
The Iraq disarmament crisis was claimed as one of primary issues that led to the multinational invasion of Iraq on 20 March 2003. Since the 1980s, Iraq was widely assumed to have been producing and extensively running the programs of biologi ...
:
US, British and French aircraft attack Iraqi Surface to Air Missile sites in Southern Iraq.
*
January 14 – The Polish ferry sinks off the coast of
Rügen
Rügen (; la, Rugia, ) is Germany's largest island. It is located off the Pomeranian coast in the Baltic Sea and belongs to the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.
The "gateway" to Rügen island is the Hanseatic city of Stralsund, where ...
in the
Baltic Sea
The Baltic Sea is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that is enclosed by Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden and the North and Central European Plain.
The sea stretches from 53°N to 66°N latitude and ...
, killing 54 people.
*
January 19
Events Pre-1600
* 379 – Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius at Sirmium to ''Augustus'', and gives him authority over all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire.
* 649 – Conquest of Kucha: The forces of Kucha surrend ...
- Iraq disarmament crisis:
Iraq
Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, the Persian Gulf and K ...
refuses to allow UNSCOM inspectors to use its own aircraft to fly into Iraq and begins military operations in the demilitarized zone between Iraq and
Kuwait
Kuwait (; ar, الكويت ', or ), officially the State of Kuwait ( ar, دولة الكويت '), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated in the northern edge of Eastern Arabia at the tip of the Persian Gulf, bordering Iraq to the nort ...
, and the northern
Iraqi no-fly zones
The Iraqi no-fly zones conflict was a low-level conflict in the two no-fly zones (NFZs) in Iraq that were proclaimed by the United States, United Kingdom, and France after the Gulf War of 1991. The United States stated that the NFZs were intend ...
. U.S. forces fire approximately 40 Tomahawk cruise missiles at
Baghdad
Baghdad (; ar, بَغْدَاد , ) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab world after Cairo. It is located on the Tigris near the ruins of the ancient city of Babylon and the Sassanid Persian capital of Ctesiphon. I ...
factories linked to Iraq's illegal nuclear weapons program (→
January 1993 airstrikes on Iraq
During January 1993, numerous coalition airstrikes occurred against Iraq in response to actions by the latter predominantly due to the No-Fly Zone in Southern Iraq.
Prelude
Just after the Gulf War ended, there were fears that Iraq might invade ...
). Iraq then informs UNSCOM that it will be able to resume its flights.
*
January 20 –
Bill Clinton
William Jefferson Clinton ( né Blythe III; born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He previously served as governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981 and agai ...
is
sworn in as the 42nd
President of the United States
The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States ...
.
*
January 24
Events Pre-1600
* 41 – Claudius is proclaimed Roman emperor by the Praetorian Guard after they assassinate the previous emperor, his nephew Caligula.
* 914 – Start of the First Fatimid invasion of Egypt.
*1438 – The Cou ...
– In
Turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in ...
, thousands protest against the murder of journalist
Uğur Mumcu
Uğur Mumcu (; 22 August 1942 – 24 January 1993)
um:ag was a .
*
January 25 –
Social Democrat
Social democracy is a political, social, and economic philosophy within socialism that supports political and economic democracy. As a policy regime, it is described by academics as advocating economic and social interventions to promote soc ...
Poul Nyrup Rasmussen
Poul Oluf Nyrup Rasmussen (, informally Poul Nyrup, born 15 June 1943) is a retired Danish politician. Rasmussen was Prime Minister of Denmark from 25 January 1993 to 27 November 2001 and President of the Party of European Socialists (PES) from ...
succeeds
Conservative
Conservatism is a cultural, social, and political philosophy that seeks to promote and to preserve traditional institutions, practices, and values. The central tenets of conservatism may vary in relation to the culture and civilization in ...
Poul Schlüter
Poul Holmskov Schlüter (; 3 April 1929 – 27 May 2021) was a Danish politician who served as Prime Minister of Denmark from 1982 to 1993. He was the first member of the Conservative People's Party to become Prime Minister, as well as the first ...
as
Prime Minister of Denmark
The prime minister of Denmark ( da, Danmarks statsminister, fo, Forsætisráðharri, kl, Ministeriuneq) is the head of government in the Kingdom of Denmark comprising the three constituent countries: Denmark, Greenland and the Faroe Island ...
.
*
January 26
Events Pre-1600
* 661 – The Rashidun Caliphate is effectively ended with the assassination of Ali, the last caliph.
*1531 – The 6.4–7.1 Lisbon earthquake kills about thirty thousand people.
* 1564 – The Council of Tren ...
–
Václav Havel
Václav Havel (; 5 October 193618 December 2011) was a Czech statesman, author, poet, playwright, and former dissident. Havel served as the last president of Czechoslovakia from 1989 until the dissolution of Czechoslovakia in 1992 and then ...
is elected President of the Czech Republic.
February
![WTC 1993 ATF Commons](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/WTC_1993_ATF_Commons.jpg)
*
February 4 – Members of the right-wing Austrian
Freedom Party of Austria
The Freedom Party of Austria (german: Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs, FPÖ) is a right-wing populist and national-conservative political party in Austria. It was led by Norbert Hofer from September 2019 to 1 June 2021.Staff (1 June 2021"Aus ...
split to form the
Liberal Forum
The Liberal Forum (german: Liberales Forum, LiF) was a centrist, liberal political party in Austria. The party was active from February 1993 to January 2014, when the party merged into NEOS – The New Austria.
A member of the Liberal Intern ...
in protest against the increasing nationalistic bent of the party.
*
February 10
Events Pre-1600
* 1258 – Mongol invasions: Baghdad falls to the Mongols, bringing the Islamic Golden Age to an end.
* 1306 – In front of the high altar of Greyfriars Church in Dumfries, Robert the Bruce murders John Comyn, spar ...
**
Lien Chan
Lien Chan (; born 27 August 1936) is a Taiwanese politician. He was the Chairman of the Taiwan Provincial Government from 1990 to 1993, Premier of the Republic of China from 1993 to 1997, Vice President of the Republic of China from 1996 to 20 ...
is named by
Lee Teng-hui to succeed
Hau Pei-tsun
Hau Pei-tsun (, 8 August 1919 – 30 March 2020) was a Chinese politician and military officer who was the Premier of the Republic of China (ROC) from 1 June 1990 to 27 February 1993, and the longest-serving Chief of the General Staff of the R ...
as
Premier of the Republic of China
The Premier of the Republic of China, officially the President of the Executive Yuan ( Chinese: 行政院院長), is the head of the government of the Republic of China of Taiwan and leader of the Executive Yuan. The premier is nominally the ...
.
** ''
Mani pulite
''Mani pulite'' (; Italian language, Italian for "clean hands") was a nationwide judicial investigation into political corruption in Italy held in the early 1990s, resulting in the demise of the so-called "History of the Italian Republic#First ...
'' scandal: Italian legislator
Claudio Martelli
Claudio Martelli (born 24 September 1943) is an Italian politician. He was the right-hand man of Bettino Craxi, the socialist Prime Minister from 1983–1987.
Biography
Martelli was born at Gessate, in the province of Milan.
He graduated in Phi ...
resigns, followed by various politicians over the next two weeks.
*
February 14
**
Glafcos Clerides
Glafcos Ioannou Clerides ( el, Γλαύκος Ιωάννου Κληρίδης; 24 April 1919 – 15 November 2013) was a Cypriot politician and barrister who served as the fourth president of Cyprus from 1993 to 2003. At the time of his death, ...
defeats incumbent
George Vasiliou
Giorgos Vasos Vassiliou ( el, Γιώργος Βασιλείου; born 20 May 1931) is a Cypriot politician who served as the third president of Cyprus from 1988 to 1993. He was also the founder and leader of the Cypriot United Democrats party (E ...
in the Cypriot presidential election.
**
Albert Zafy
Albert Zafy (1 May 1927 – 13 October 2017) was a Malagasy politician and educator who served as President of Madagascar from 27 March 1993 to 5 September 1996. In 1988, he founded the National Union for Democracy and Development (UNDD).
In ...
defeats
Didier Ratsiraka
Didier Ignace Ratsiraka (; 4 November 1936 – 28 March 2021) was a Malagasy politician and naval officer who was President of Madagascar from 1975 to 1993 and from 1997 to 2002. At the time of his death, he was the longest-serving President o ...
in the Madagascar presidential election.
*
February 22
Events Pre-1600
* 1076 – Having received a letter during the Lenten synod of 14–20 February demanding that he abdicate, Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
* 1316 – The Battle of Picotin, between Ferd ...
–
United Nations Security Council Resolution 808
United Nations Security Council resolution 808, adopted unanimously on 22 February 1993, after reaffirming Resolution 713 (1991) and subsequent resolutions on the situation in former Yugoslavia, including resolutions 764 (1992), 771 (1992) and 7 ...
is voted on, deciding that "an international tribunal shall be established" to prosecute violations of international law in
Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia (; sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Jugoslavija, Југославија ; sl, Jugoslavija ; mk, Југославија ;; rup, Iugoslavia; hu, Jugoszlávia; rue, label=Pannonian Rusyn, Югославия, translit=Juhoslavija ...
. The tribunal is established on
May 25
Events Pre-1600
* 567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans.
*240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet.
* 1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes Tol ...
by
Resolution 827.
*
February 26 –
World Trade Center bombing
The 1993 World Trade Center bombing was a terrorist attack on the World Trade Center in New York City, U.S., carried out on February 26, 1993, when a van bomb detonated below the North Tower of the complex. The urea nitrate–hydrogen gas en ...
: In New York City, a van bomb parked below the North Tower of the
World Trade Center
World Trade Centers are sites recognized by the World Trade Centers Association.
World Trade Center may refer to:
Buildings
* List of World Trade Centers
* World Trade Center (2001–present), a building complex that includes five skyscrapers, a ...
explodes, killing six people and injuring over one thousand.
March
*
March 5 –
Macedonian Palair Flight 301, an
F-100 F-100 or F100 may refer to:
Aerospace and defense
* North American F-100 Super Sabre, a fighter aircraft formerly in the service of the United States Air Force
* Fokker 100, a regional jet
* Pratt & Whitney F100, afterburning turbofan engine
* ' ...
on a flight to
Zürich
, neighboring_municipalities = Adliswil, Dübendorf, Fällanden, Kilchberg, Maur, Oberengstringen, Opfikon, Regensdorf, Rümlang, Schlieren, Stallikon, Uitikon, Urdorf, Wallisellen, Zollikon
, twintowns = Kunming, San Francisco
Zürich ...
, crashes shortly after take-off from
Skopje
Skopje ( , , ; mk, Скопје ; sq, Shkup) is the capital and List of cities in North Macedonia by population, largest city of North Macedonia. It is the country's political, cultural, economic, and academic centre.
The territory of Sk ...
, killing 83 of the 97 on board.
*
March 8
Events Pre-1600
* 1010 – Ferdowsi completes his epic poem ''Shahnameh''.
*1126 – Following the death of his mother, queen Urraca of León, Alfonso VII is proclaimed king of León.
* 1262 – Battle of Hausbergen between bou ...
– The Moon moves into its nearest point to Earth, called perigee, at the same time as its fullest phase of the Lunar Cycle. The Moon appears to be 14% bigger and 30% brighter than the year's other full moons. The next time these two events coincided was in 2008.
*
March 11
Events Pre-1600
* 222 – Roman emperor Elagabalus is murdered alongside his mother, Julia Soaemias. He is replaced by his 14-year old cousin, Severus Alexander.
* 843 – Triumph of Orthodoxy: Empress Theodora II restores the ven ...
–
Janet Reno
Janet Wood Reno (July 21, 1938 – November 7, 2016) was an American lawyer who served as the 78th United States attorney general. She held the position from 1993 to 2001, making her the second-longest serving attorney general, behind only Wi ...
is confirmed by the
United States Senate
The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States.
The composition and pow ...
and sworn in the next day, becoming the first female Attorney General of the United States.
*
March 12
**
1993 Bombay bombings: Several bombs explode in
Bombay
Mumbai (, ; also known as Bombay — the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the ''de facto'' financial centre of India. According to the United Nations, as of 2018, Mumbai is the second-m ...
, India, killing 257 and injuring hundreds more.
**
North Korea nuclear weapons program
North Korea has a military nuclear weapons program and, as of early 2020, is estimated to have an arsenal of approximately 30 to 40 nuclear weapons and sufficient production of fissile material for six to seven nuclear weapons per year. :
North Korea
North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the northern half of the Korean Peninsula and shares borders with China and Russia to the north, at the Yalu (Amnok) and T ...
announces that it plans to withdraw from the
Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty
The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, commonly known as the Non-Proliferation Treaty or NPT, is an international treaty whose objective is to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology, to promote cooperation ...
and refuses to allow inspectors access to nuclear sites, beginning the
1993-94 North Korean Nuclear Crisis.
*
March 13
Events Pre-1600
*624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Muslims and Quraysh.
*1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War.
*1591 – At the Battle of Tond ...
–
15 – The
Great Blizzard of 1993 strikes the eastern U.S., bringing record snowfall and other severe weather all the way from
Cuba
Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...
to
Quebec
Quebec ( ; )According to the Canadian government, ''Québec'' (with the acute accent) is the official name in Canadian French and ''Quebec'' (without the accent) is the province's official name in Canadian English is one of the thirtee ...
; it reportedly kills 184 people.
*
March 13
Events Pre-1600
*624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Muslims and Quraysh.
*1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War.
*1591 – At the Battle of Tond ...
–
1993 Australian federal election:
Paul Keating
Paul John Keating (born 18 January 1944) is an Australian former politician and unionist who served as the 24th prime minister of Australia from 1991 to 1996, holding office as the leader of the Australian Labor Party (ALP). He previously serv ...
's
Labor
Labour or labor may refer to:
* Childbirth, the delivery of a baby
* Labour (human activity), or work
** Manual labour, physical work
** Wage labour, a socioeconomic relationship between a worker and an employer
** Organized labour and the la ...
Government
A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state.
In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is ...
is re-elected with an increased majority, defeating the
Liberal
Liberal or liberalism may refer to:
Politics
* a supporter of liberalism
** Liberalism by country
* an adherent of a Liberal Party
* Liberalism (international relations)
* Sexually liberal feminism
* Social liberalism
Arts, entertainment and m ...
/
National
National may refer to:
Common uses
* Nation or country
** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen
Places in the United States
* National, Maryland, c ...
Coalition led by
John Hewson
John Robert Hewson AM (born 28 October 1946) is an Australian former politician who served as leader of the Liberal Party from 1990 to 1994. He led the Liberal-National Coalition to defeat at the 1993 Australian federal election.
Hewson wa ...
.
*
March 17
Events Pre-1600
* 45 BC – In his last victory, Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger in the Battle of Munda.
* 180 – Commodus becomes sole emperor of the Roman Empire at the age of ei ...
– The
Kurdistan Workers' Party
The Kurdistan Workers' Party or PKK is a Kurdish militant political organization and armed guerrilla movement, which historically operated throughout Kurdistan, but is now primarily based in the mountainous Kurdish-majority regions of sout ...
announces a unilateral
ceasefire
A ceasefire (also known as a truce or armistice), also spelled cease fire (the antonym of 'open fire'), is a temporary stoppage of a war in which each side agrees with the other to suspend aggressive actions. Ceasefires may be between state act ...
in
Iraq
Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, the Persian Gulf and K ...
.
*
March 24
Events Pre-1600
* 1199 – King Richard I of England is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting in France, leading to his death on April 6.
*1387 – English victory over a Franco- Castilian-Flemish fleet in the Battle of Margate o ...
** The Israeli
Knesset
The Knesset ( he, הַכְּנֶסֶת ; "gathering" or "assembly") is the unicameral legislature of Israel. As the supreme state body, the Knesset is sovereign and thus has complete control of the entirety of the Israeli government (with ...
elects
Ezer Weizman
Ezer Weizman (; he, עֵזֶר וַיצְמָן ''Ezer Vaytsman''; 15 June 1924 – 24 April 2005) was the seventh President of Israel, first elected in 1993 and re-elected in 1998. Before the presidency, Weizman was commander of the Israeli Ai ...
as
President of Israel
The president of the State of Israel ( he, נְשִׂיא מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, Nesi Medinat Yisra'el, or he, נְשִׂיא הַמְדִינָה, Nesi HaMedina, President of the State) is the head of state of Israel. The posi ...
.
** South Africa officially abandons its
nuclear weapons programme. President de Klerk announces that the country's six warheads had already been dismantled in
1989
File:1989 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Cypress structure collapses as a result of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, killing motorists below; The proposal document for the World Wide Web is submitted; The Exxon Valdez oil tanker runs ...
.
*
March 27
Events Pre-1600
*1309 – Pope Clement V imposes excommunication and interdiction on Venice, and a general prohibition of all commercial intercourse with Venice, which had seized on Ferrara, a papal fiefdom.
* 1329 – Pope John XXII ...
**
Jiang Zemin
Jiang Zemin (17 August 1926 – 30 November 2022) was a Chinese politician who served as general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from 1989 to 2002, as chairman of the Central Military Commission from 1989 to 2004, and as pr ...
becomes
President of the People's Republic of China.
** Following a rash of
integrist
In politics, integralism, integrationism or integrism (french: intégrisme) is an interpretation of Catholic social teaching that argues for an authoritarian and anti- pluralist Catholic state, wherever the preponderance of Catholics withi ...
murders (including those of foreigners),
Algeria
)
, image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg
, map_caption =
, image_map2 =
, capital = Algiers
, coordinates =
, largest_city = capital
, relig ...
breaks
diplomatic relations with Iran, accusing the country of interfering in its interior affairs.
**
Mahamane Ousmane
Mahamane Ousmane (born 20 January 1950), press release no. 179, is a Nigerien politician. He was the first democratically elected and fourth President of Niger, serving from 16 April 1993, U.S. Department of State. until he was deposed in a mili ...
is elected president of
Niger
)
, official_languages =
, languages_type = National languages[March 28
Events Pre-1600
* AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate.
* 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Di ...](_blank)
–
1993 French legislative election
French legislative elections took place on 21 and 28 March 1993 to elect the tenth National Assembly of the Fifth Republic.
Since 1988, President François Mitterrand and his Socialist cabinets had relied on a relative parliamentary majority. ...
:
Rally for the Republic (Gaullist party) wins a majority and
Édouard Balladur
Édouard Balladur (; born 2 May 1929) is a French politician who served as Prime Minister of France under François Mitterrand from 29 March 1993 to 17 May 1995. He unsuccessfully ran for president in the 1995 French presidential election, c ...
becomes
Prime Minister
A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister i ...
.
*
March 29
Events Pre-1600
* 845 – Paris is sacked by Viking raiders, probably under Ragnar Lodbrok, who collects a huge ransom in exchange for leaving.
* 1430 – The Ottoman Empire under Murad II captures Thessalonica from the Republic of ...
– The
65th Academy Awards
The 65th Academy Awards ceremony, presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), honored films released in 1992 in the United States and took place on March 29, 1993, at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles beg ...
, hosted by
Billy Crystal
William Edward Crystal (born March 14, 1948)On page 17 of his book ''700 Sundays'', Crystal displays his birth announcement, which gives his first two names as "William Edward", not "William Jacob" is an American actor, comedian, and filmmaker. ...
, are held at the
Dorothy Chandler Pavilion
The Dorothy Chandler Pavilion is one of the halls in the Los Angeles Music Center, which is one of the largest performing arts centers in the United States. The Music Center's other halls include the Mark Taper Forum, Ahmanson Theatre, and Walt ...
in
Los Angeles
Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the List of municipalities in California, largest city in the U.S. state, state of California and the List of United States cities by population, sec ...
, with ''
Unforgiven
''Unforgiven'' is a 1992 American Revisionist Western film starring, directed, and produced by Clint Eastwood, and written by David Webb Peoples. The film tells the story of William Munny, an aging outlaw and killer who takes on one more job, ...
'' winning
Best Picture
This is a list of categories of awards commonly awarded through organizations that bestow film awards, including those presented by various film, festivals, and people's awards.
Best Actor/Best Actress
*See Best Actor#Film awards, Best Actress#F ...
.
April
* April–May –
1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak: Thirteen people are killed by
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is one of two potentially fatal syndromes of zoonotic origin caused by species of hantavirus. These include
Black Creek Canal virus (BCCV), New York orthohantavirus (NYV), Monongahela virus (MGLV), ''Sin Nomb ...
, mainly in the
Southwestern United States.
* April–October –
Great Flood of 1993
The Great Flood of 1993 (or Great Mississippi and Missouri Rivers Flood of 1993) was a flood that occurred in the Midwestern United States, along the Mississippi and Missouri rivers and their tributaries, from April to October 1993. The flood wa ...
: The
Mississippi
Mississippi () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States, bordered to the north by Tennessee; to the east by Alabama; to the south by the Gulf of Mexico; to the southwest by Louisiana; and to the northwest by Arkansas. Miss ...
and
Missouri Rivers flood large portions of the American Midwest.
*
April 8 – The
Republic of Macedonia
North Macedonia, ; sq, Maqedonia e Veriut, (Macedonia before February 2019), officially the Republic of North Macedonia,, is a country in Southeast Europe. It gained independence in 1991 as one of the successor states of Yugoslavia. It ...
is admitted to the
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmoniz ...
.
*
April 16
Events Pre-1600
* 1457 BC – Battle of Megido - the first battle to have been recorded in what is accepted as relatively reliable detail.
* 69 – Defeated by Vitellius' troops at Bedriacum, Otho commits suicide.
* 73 – Masad ...
–
Bosnian War: the enclave of
Srebrenica
Srebrenica ( sr-cyrl, Сребреница, ) is a town and municipality located in the easternmost part of Republika Srpska, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is a small mountain town, with its main industry being salt mining and a nearby ...
is declared a UN-protected "safe area".
*
April 19
Events Pre-1600
* AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Piso's plot to kill the Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested.
* 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persi ...
–
Waco siege
The Waco siege, also known as the Waco massacre, was the law enforcement siege of the compound that belonged to the religious sect Branch Davidians. It was carried out by the U.S. federal government, Texas state law enforcement, and the U.S. ...
: A 51-day stand-off at the Branch Davidian compound near
Waco, Texas
Waco ( ) is the county seat of McLennan County, Texas, United States. It is situated along the Brazos River and I-35, halfway between Dallas and Austin. The city had a 2020 population of 138,486, making it the 22nd-most populous city in the st ...
, ends with a fire that kills 76 people, including
David Koresh
David Koresh (; born Vernon Wayne Howell; August 17, 1959 – April 19, 1993) was an American cult leader who played a central role in the Waco siege of 1993. As the head of the Branch Davidians, a religious sect and offshoot of the Davidian Se ...
.
*
April 20
Events Pre-1600
* 1303 – The Sapienza University of Rome is instituted by a bull of Pope Boniface VIII.
1601–1900
*1653 – Oliver Cromwell dissolves England's Rump Parliament.
*1657 – English Admiral Robert Blake destroys ...
– The
Council for National Academic Awards
The Council for National Academic Awards (CNAA) was the national degree-awarding authority in the United Kingdom from 1965 until its dissolution on 20 April 1993.
Background
The establishment followed the recommendation of the UK government Com ...
, the national degree-awarding authority in the United Kingdom, is officially dissolved.
*
April 21 – The Supreme Court in
La Paz,
Bolivia, sentences former dictator
Luis Garcia Meza
Luis is a given name. It is the Spanish form of the originally Germanic name or . Other Iberian Romance languages have comparable forms: (with an accent mark on the i) in Portuguese and Galician, in Aragonese and Catalan, while is archaic ...
to 30 years in jail without parole for murder, theft, fraud and violating the constitution.
*
April 23
** The
World Health Organization
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health. The WHO Constitution states its main objective as "the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of ...
declares
tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by '' Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections show no symptoms, i ...
a global emergency.
**
Eritreans vote overwhelmingly for independence from
Ethiopia
Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the ...
in a
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmoniz ...
-monitored referendum, the
1993 Eritrean independence referendum
An independence referendum was held in Eritrea, at the time part of Ethiopia, between 23 and 25 April 1993. The result was 99.83% in favour, with a 98.5% turnout. Independence from Ethiopia was declared on 27 April.
Conduct
The UN Observer Mis ...
.
*
April 26
Events Pre-1600
* 1336 – Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch) ascends Mont Ventoux.
*1348 – Czech king Karel IV founds the Charles University in Prague, which was later named after him and was the first university in Central Europe.
* 1 ...
–
Oscar Luigi Scalfaro
Oscar Luigi Scalfaro (; 9 September 1918 – 29 January 2012) was the president of Italy from 1992 to 1999. A member of Christian Democracy (DC), he became an independent politician after the DC's dissolution in 1992, and was close to the centr ...
appoints
Carlo Azeglio Ciampi
Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (; 9 December 1920 – 16 September 2016) was an Italian politician and banker who was the prime minister of Italy from 1993 to 1994 and the president of Italy from 1999 to 2006.
Biography Education
Ciampi was born i ...
Prime Minister of Italy
The Prime Minister of Italy, officially the President of the Council of Ministers ( it, link=no, Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri), is the head of government of the Italian Republic. The office of president of the Council of Ministers is ...
.
*
April 27
**
Eritrea: Eritrean independence is declared verified by the
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmoniz ...
.
**
1993 Yemeni parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Yemen on 27 April 1993, the first after Yemeni unification. The General People's Congress emerged as the largest party, winning 123 of the 301 seats. Voter turnout was 84.8%.
Electoral system
The country cont ...
: The
General People's Congress of Yemen wins a
plurality of 121 seats.
**
1993 Zambia national football team plane crash
On the evening of 27 April 1993, a DHC-5 Buffalo transport aircraft of the Zambian Air Force crashed into the Atlantic Ocean shortly after taking off from Libreville, Gabon. The flight was carrying most of the Zambian national football team t ...
: All members of the
Zambia national football team
The Zambia national football team represents Zambia in men's international association football and it is governed by the Football Association of Zambia (FAZ). During the 1980s, they were known as the KK 11, after founding president Dr. Kenneth ...
die in a
plane crash
An aviation accident is defined by the Convention on International Civil Aviation Annex 13 as an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft, which takes place from the time any person boards the aircraft with the ''intention of fl ...
off Libreville, Gabon en route to
Dakar
Dakar ( ; ; wo, Ndakaaru) (from :wo:daqaar, daqaar ''tamarind''), is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Senegal, largest city of Senegal. The city of Dakar proper has a population of 1,030,594, whereas the population of the Dakar ...
,
Senegal
Senegal,; Wolof: ''Senegaal''; Pulaar: 𞤅𞤫𞤲𞤫𞤺𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭 (Senegaali); Arabic: السنغال ''As-Sinighal'') officially the Republic of Senegal,; Wolof: ''Réewum Senegaal''; Pulaar : 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 ...
.
*
April 30
Events Pre-1600
*311 – The Diocletianic Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire ends.
*1315 – Enguerrand de Marigny is hanged at the instigation of Charles, Count of Valois.
*1492 – Spain gives Christopher Columbus hi ...
– Tennis player
Monica Seles
Monica Seles (; hu, Széles Mónika, ; sr, Моника Селеш, Monika Seleš; born December 2, 1973) is a retired professional tennis player who represented Yugoslavia and the United States. A former world No. 1, she won nine Grand Sla ...
– at this time the top-ranked player in women's tennis – is stabbed during a match at the
1993 Citizen Cup in
Hamburg
(male), (female) en, Hamburger(s),
Hamburgian(s)
, timezone1 = Central (CET)
, utc_offset1 = +1
, timezone1_DST = Central (CEST)
, utc_offset1_DST = +2
, postal ...
,
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
.
May
*
May 1
Events Pre-1600
* 305 – Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman emperor.
* 880 – The Nea Ekklesia is inaugurated in Constantinople, setting the model for all later cross-in-square Orthodox churches.
*1169 – N ...
** A
Tamil Tigers
The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE; ta, தமிழீழ விடுதலைப் புலிகள், translit=Tamiḻīḻa viṭutalaip pulikaḷ, si, දෙමළ ඊළාම් විමුක්ති කොටි, t ...
suicide bomber
A suicide attack is any violent attack, usually entailing the attacker detonating an explosive, where the attacker has accepted their own death as a direct result of the attacking method used. Suicide attacks have occurred throughout histor ...
assassinates President
Ranasinghe Premadasa of
Sri Lanka.
Dingiri Banda Wijetunga
Sri Lankabhimanya Dingiri Banda Wijetunga ( si, ඩිංගිරි බණ්ඩා විජේතුංග, ta, டிங்கிரி பண்ட விஜேதுங்க; 15 February 1916 – 21 September 2008) was the fourth Presid ...
becomes the
third executive president of
Sri Lanka.
*
May 4
Events Pre-1600
* 1256 – The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull ''Licet ecclesiae catholicae''.
* 1415 – Religious reformers John Wycliffe and Jan Hus ar ...
–
UNOSOM II
United Nations Operation in Somalia II (UNOSOM II) was the second phase of the United Nations intervention in Somalia and took place from March 1993 until March 1995, following the outbreak of the Somali Civil War in 1991.
UNOSOM II carried on ...
assumes the
Somalia
Somalia, , Osmanya script: 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒖; ar, الصومال, aṣ-Ṣūmāl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constituti ...
n duties of the dissolved
UNITAF
The Unified Task Force (UNITAF) was a United States-led, United Nations-sanctioned multinational force which operated in Somalia from 5 December 1992 until 4 May 1993. A United States initiative (code-named Operation Restore Hope), U ...
.
*
May 9
Events Pre-1600
* 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria.
*1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy.
*1386 – England and Portugal formally rati ...
–
Juan Carlos Wasmosy
Juan Carlos Wasmosy Monti (born December 15, 1938) was the president of Paraguay from August 15, 1992 until August 15, 1998. He was a member of the Colorado Party, and the country's first freely elected president, as well as the first civilian ...
becomes the first democratically elected
President of Paraguay
The president of Paraguay ( es, Presidente del Paraguay), officially known as the President of the Republic of Paraguay ( es, Presidente de la República del Paraguay), is according to the Constitution of Paraguay the head of the executive bran ...
in nearly 40 years, after defeating
Domingo Laíno
Domingo Isabelino Laíno Figueredo (born July 8, 1935 in Asunción, Paraguay) is a Paraguayan politician, economist, and activist. The first leader of the Authentic Radical Liberal Party, a Senator, and a former Member of the Chamber of Deputie ...
in the
1993 Paraguayan general election
General elections were held in Paraguay on 9 May 1993.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume II'', p425 They were the first free elections in the country's 182-year history, the first with no military candidate ...
.
*
May 15
Events Pre-1600
* 221 – Liu Bei, Chinese warlord, proclaims himself emperor of Shu Han, the successor of the Han dynasty.
* 392 – Emperor Valentinian II is assassinated while advancing into Gaul against the Frankish usurper Arbog ...
–
Niamh Kavanagh
Niamh Kavanagh ( ; born 13 February 1968) is an Irish singer who sang the winning entry at the Eurovision Song Contest 1993.
The 1993 Eurovision Song Contest was held in Millstreet, County Cork, Republic of Ireland. She sang "In Your Eyes" ...
wins the
Eurovision Song Contest for Ireland with ''
In Your Eyes
IN, In or in may refer to:
Places
* India (country code IN)
* Indiana, United States (postal code IN)
* Ingolstadt, Germany (license plate code IN)
* In, Russia, a town in the Jewish Autonomous Oblast
Businesses and organizations
* Independ ...
''.
*
May 16 – The
Grand National Assembly of Turkey
The Grand National Assembly of Turkey ( tr, ), usually referred to simply as the TBMM or Parliament ( tr, or ''Parlamento''), is the unicameral Turkish legislature. It is the sole body given the legislative prerogatives by the Turkish Const ...
elects Prime Minister
Süleyman Demirel as
President of Turkey
The president of Turkey, officially the president of the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanı), is the head of state and head of government of Turkey. The president directs the executive branch of the national govern ...
. After Demirel becomes president, the acting
Prime Minister of Turkey is
Erdal İnönü
Erdal İnönü (6 June 1926 – 31 October 2007) was a Turkish theoretical physicist and politician, who served as the interim Prime Minister of Turkey between 16 May and 25 June 1993. He also served as the Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey from ...
of
Social Democratic Populist Party for 40 days.
*
May 24 –
Eritrea gains independence from
Ethiopia
Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the ...
.
*
May 25
Events Pre-1600
* 567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans.
*240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet.
* 1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes Tol ...
– The
International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia is created in
The Hague
The Hague ( ; nl, Den Haag or ) is a city and municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea. The Hague is the country's administrative centre and its seat of government, and while the official capital o ...
.
*
May 28
Events Pre-1600
*585 BC – A solar eclipse occurs, as predicted by the Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling Cyaxares in the Battle of the Eclipse, leading to a truce. This is one of the cardinal dates from ...
– Eritrea and
Monaco
Monaco (; ), officially the Principality of Monaco (french: Principauté de Monaco; Ligurian: ; oc, Principat de Mónegue), is a sovereign city-state and microstate on the French Riviera a few kilometres west of the Italian region of Lig ...
gain entry to the United Nations.
June
*
June 1
Events Pre-1600
*1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu.
* 1252 – Alfonso X is proclaimed k ...
** Large protests erupt against
Slobodan Milošević's regime in
Belgrade; opposition leader
Vuk Drašković
Vuk Drašković ( sr-cyrl, Вук Драшковић, ; born 29 November 1946) is a Serbian writer and politician. He is the leader of the Serbian Renewal Movement, and served as the war-time Deputy Prime Minister of the Federal Republic of Yugo ...
and his wife Danica are arrested.
**
President of Guatemala
The president of Guatemala ( es, Presidente de Guatemala), officially known as the President of the Republic of Guatemala ( es, Presidente de la República de Guatemala), is the head of state and head of government of Guatemala, elected to a s ...
Jorge Serrano Elías
Jorge Antonio Serrano Elías (born 26 April 1945) is a Guatemalan politician who served as President of Guatemala from January 14, 1991 to June 1, 1993.
Life and career
Serrano was born 26 April 1945 in Guatemala City as the son of Jorge Adán ...
is forced to flee the country after an attempted
self-coup
A self-coup, also called autocoup (from the es, autogolpe), is a form of coup d'état in which a nation's head, having come to power through legal means, tries to stay in power through illegal means. The leader may dissolve or render powerless ...
.
**
1993 Burundian presidential election: The first multiparty elections in Burundi since the country's independence lead to the election of
Melchior Ndadaye
Melchior Ndadaye (28 March 1953 – 21 October 1993) was a Burundian intellectual and politician. He was the first democratically elected and first Hutu president of Burundi after winning the landmark 1993 election. Though he moved to attempt to ...
, leader of the
Front for Democracy in Burundi
The Front for Democracy in Burundi (french: link=no, Front pour la Démocratie au Burundi, FRODEBU) is a Hutu progressive political party in Burundi.
History
It was formed by followers of Melchior Ndadaye from the disbanded Burundi Workers ...
. The next day's
legislative election
A general election is a political voting election where generally all or most members of a given political body are chosen. These are usually held for a nation, state, or territory's primary legislative body, and are different from by-elections ( ...
sees his party win with an overwhelming majority.
*
June 5
** The
National Assembly of Venezuela
The National Assembly ( es, Asamblea Nacional) is the legislature for Venezuela that was first elected in 2000. It is a unicameral body made up of a variable number of members, who were elected by a "universal, direct, personal, and secret" vo ...
designates
Ramón José Velásquez
Ramón José Velásquez Mujica (28 November 1916 – 24 June 2014) was a Venezuelan politician, historian, journalist, and lawyer. He served as the president of Venezuela between 1993 and 1994.
Background and personal life
Velásquez was born ...
as successor of suspended
President
President most commonly refers to:
*President (corporate title)
* President (education), a leader of a college or university
* President (government title)
President may also refer to:
Automobiles
* Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ...
Carlos Andrés Pérez.
** Twenty-four
Pakistan
Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 243 million people, and has the world's second-lar ...
i troops in the
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmoniz ...
forces are killed in
Mogadishu
Mogadishu (, also ; so, Muqdisho or ; ar, مقديشو ; it, Mogadiscio ), locally known as Xamar or Hamar, is the capital and most populous city of Somalia. The city has served as an important port connecting traders across the Indian Oc ...
,
Somalia
Somalia, , Osmanya script: 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒖; ar, الصومال, aṣ-Ṣūmāl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constituti ...
.
*
June 6
** Following the
Revolutionary Nationalist Movement
The Revolutionary Nationalist Movement ( es, Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario , MNR) is a centre-right conservative political party in Bolivia and was the leading force behind the Bolivian National Revolution from 1952 to 1964. It influenc ...
's victory,
Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada
Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada Sánchez Bustamante (born 1 July 1930), often referred to as Goni, is a Bolivian businessman and politician who served as the 61st president of Bolivia from 1993 to 1997 and from 2002 to 2003. A member of the Revolu ...
becomes President of Bolivia.
**
Mongolia
Mongolia; Mongolian script: , , ; lit. "Mongol Nation" or "State of Mongolia" () is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of , with a population of just 3.3 million, ...
holds its first direct presidential elections.
*
June 8
Events Pre-1600
* 218 – Battle of Antioch: With the support of the Syrian legions, Elagabalus defeats the forces of emperor Macrinus.
* 452 – Attila leads a Hun army in the invasion of Italy, devastating the northern province ...
– The PKK-declared ceasefire ends in
Iraq
Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, the Persian Gulf and K ...
.
*
June 14
Events Pre-1600
* 1158 – The city of Munich is founded by Henry the Lion on the banks of the river Isar.
* 1216 – First Barons' War: Prince Louis of France takes the city of Winchester, abandoned by John, King of England, and soon ...
– Multipartyists win a referendum on the future of the one-party system in
Malawi
Malawi (; or aláwi Tumbuka: ''Malaŵi''), officially the Republic of Malawi, is a landlocked country in Southeastern Africa that was formerly known as Nyasaland. It is bordered by Zambia to the west, Tanzania to the north and northeas ...
.
*
June 18
Events Pre-1600
* 618 – Li Yuan becomes Emperor Gaozu of Tang, initiating three centuries of Tang dynasty rule over China.
* 656 – Ali becomes Caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate.
* 860 – Byzantine–Rus' War: A fleet of about ...
–
Iraq disarmament crisis
The Iraq disarmament crisis was claimed as one of primary issues that led to the multinational invasion of Iraq on 20 March 2003. Since the 1980s, Iraq was widely assumed to have been producing and extensively running the programs of biologi ...
: Iraq refuses to allow UNSCOM weapons inspectors to install remote-controlled monitoring cameras at two missile engine test stands.
*
June 22
Events Pre-1600
* 217 BC – Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom.
* 168 BC – Battle of Pydna: Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus defeat Macedonian King Perseus ...
– Japan's
New Party Sakigake
The , also known as the New Harbinger Party, was a political party in Japan that broke away from the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) on 22 June 1993. The party was created by Masayoshi Takemura. The party was centrist, and had many reformist an ...
breaks away from the
Liberal Democratic Party.
*
June 24
Events Pre-1600
*1312 BC – Mursili II launches a campaign against the Kingdom of Azzi-Hayasa.
* 109 – Roman emperor Trajan inaugurates the Aqua Traiana, an aqueduct that channels water from Lake Bracciano, northwest of Rome. ...
– UK mathematician
Andrew Wiles
Sir Andrew John Wiles (born 11 April 1953) is an English mathematician and a Royal Society Research Professor at the University of Oxford, specializing in number theory. He is best known for proving Fermat's Last Theorem, for which he was awa ...
wins worldwide fame after presenting his proof of
Fermat's Last Theorem
In number theory, Fermat's Last Theorem (sometimes called Fermat's conjecture, especially in older texts) states that no three positive integers , , and satisfy the equation for any integer value of greater than 2. The cases and have been ...
, a problem that had been unsolved for more than three centuries.
*
June 25
Events Pre-1600
* 524 – The Franks are defeated by the Burgundians in the Battle of Vézeronce.
* 841 – In the Battle of Fontenay-en-Puisaye, forces led by Charles the Bald and Louis the German defeat the armies of Lothair I of ...
**
Kim Campbell
Avril Phaedra Douglas "Kim" Campbell (born March 10, 1947) is a Canadian politician, diplomat, lawyer, and writer who served as the 19th prime minister of Canada from June 25 to November 4, 1993. Campbell is the first and so far only female ...
becomes the 19th, and first female,
Prime Minister of Canada
The prime minister of Canada (french: premier ministre du Canada, link=no) is the head of government of Canada. Under the Westminster system, the prime minister governs with the confidence of a majority the elected House of Commons; as su ...
.
**
Tansu Çiller
Tansu Çiller (; born 24 May 1946) is a Turkish academic, economist and politician who served as the 22nd Prime Minister of Turkey from 1993 to 1996. She is Turkey's first and only female prime minister to date. As the leader of the True Path ...
of
True Path Party
The True Path Party ( tr, Doğru Yol Partisi, DYP) was a centre-right political party in Turkey, active from 1983 to 2007. For most of its history, the party's central figure was Süleyman Demirel, a former Prime Minister of Turkey who previously ...
forms the new government of
Turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in ...
.
**
Zoran Lilić
Zoran Lilić (Serbian Cyrillic: Зоран Лилић; born 27 August 1954) is a Serbian and former Yugoslav politician. He served as President of the National Assembly of Serbia from 1992 to 1994, and as President of the Federal Republic of ...
succeeds
Dobrica Ćosić
Dobrica Ćosić ( sr, Добрица Ћосић, ; 29 December 1921 – 18 May 2014) was a Yugoslav and Serbian politician, writer, and political theorist.
Ćosić was twice awarded the prestigious NIN award for literature and Medal of Pushkin f ...
as
President of Yugoslavia
The president of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, or the president of the Republic for short, was the head of state of that country from 14 January 1953 to 4 May 1980. Josip Broz Tito was the only person to occupy the office. Tito ...
.
** The
litas is introduced as the new currency of
Lithuania.
**
Jacques Attali
Jacques José Mardoché Attali (; born 1 November 1943) is a French economic and social theorist, writer, political adviser and senior civil servant, who served as a counselor to President François Mitterrand from 1981 to 1991, and was the firs ...
resigns as President of the
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development.
*
June 26
Events Pre-1600
* 4 – Augustus adopts Tiberius.
* 221 – Roman emperor Elagabalus adopts his cousin Alexander Severus as his heir and receives the title of Caesar.
* 363 – Roman emperor Julian is killed during the retreat fr ...
–
28 –
Typhoon Koryn causes massive damage to the
Philippines
The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no),
* bik, Republika kan Filipinas
* ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas
* cbk, República de Filipinas
* hil, Republ ...
, China and
Macau
Macau or Macao (; ; ; ), officially the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (MSAR), is a city and special administrative region of China in the western Pearl River Delta by the South China Sea. With a p ...
.
*
June 27
Events Pre-1600
* 1358 – The Republic of Ragusa is founded.
*1497 – Cornish rebels Michael An Gof and Thomas Flamank are executed at Tyburn, London, England.
* 1499 – Americo Vespucci, on Spanish financed trip, sights coa ...
– U.S. President
Bill Clinton
William Jefferson Clinton ( né Blythe III; born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He previously served as governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981 and agai ...
orders a
cruise missile attack on Iraqi intelligence headquarters in the
Al-Mansur
Abū Jaʿfar ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad al-Manṣūr (; ar, أبو جعفر عبد الله بن محمد المنصور; 95 AH – 158 AH/714 CE – 6 October 775 CE) usually known simply as by his laqab Al-Manṣūr (المنصور) w ...
District of
Baghdad
Baghdad (; ar, بَغْدَاد , ) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab world after Cairo. It is located on the Tigris near the ruins of the ancient city of Babylon and the Sassanid Persian capital of Ctesiphon. I ...
, in response to an Iraqi plot to assassinate former U.S. President
George H. W. Bush during his visit to Kuwait in mid-April.
July
*
July 5
Events Pre-1600
* 328 – The official opening of Constantine's Bridge built over the Danube between Sucidava (Corabia, Romania) and Oescus ( Gigen, Bulgaria) by the Roman architect Theophilus Patricius.
* 1316 – The Burgundian a ...
**
Iraq disarmament crisis
The Iraq disarmament crisis was claimed as one of primary issues that led to the multinational invasion of Iraq on 20 March 2003. Since the 1980s, Iraq was widely assumed to have been producing and extensively running the programs of biologi ...
: UN inspection teams leave Iraq. Iraq then agrees to
UNSCOM
United Nations Special Commission (UNSCOM) was an inspection regime created by the United Nations to ensure Iraq's compliance with policies concerning Iraqi production and use of weapons of mass destruction after the Gulf War. Between 1991 and 19 ...
demands and the inspection teams return.
** Electrochemist
Faiza Al-Kharafi
Faiza Mohammed Al-Kharafi ( ar, فايزة الخرافي, translit=Fāyzah al-Kharāfī; born 1946) is a Kuwaiti chemist and academic. She was the president of Kuwait University from 1993 to 2002, and the first woman to head a major university ...
is appointed rector (president) of
Kuwait University
Kuwait University ( ar, جامعة الكويت, abbreviated as Kuniv) is a public university located in Kuwait City, Kuwait.
History
Kuwait University (KU), (in Arabic: جامعة الكويت), was established in October 1966 under Act N. 29 ...
, the first woman to head a major university in the Middle East.
*
July 7
Events Pre-1600
* 1124 – The city of Tyre falls to the Venetian Crusade after a siege of nineteen weeks.
* 1456 – A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her execution.
* 1520 – Spanish ''conquistad ...
–
9 – The
19th G7 summit
The 19th G7 Summit was held in Tokyo, Japan, on July 7–9, 1993. The venue for the summit meetings was the State Guesthouse in Tokyo, Japan.Japan, Ministry of Foreign Affairs ( MOFA) Summit Meetings in the Past. Accessed 2009-03-11. 2009-04-30.
...
is held in Tokyo, Japan.
*
July 7
Events Pre-1600
* 1124 – The city of Tyre falls to the Venetian Crusade after a siege of nineteen weeks.
* 1456 – A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her execution.
* 1520 – Spanish ''conquistad ...
–
Hurricane Calvin lands in Mexico. It is the second Pacific hurricane on record to land in Mexico in July and kills 34.
*
July 12
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – The armies of Titus attack the walls of Jerusalem after a six-month siege. Three days later they breach the walls, which enables the army to destroy the Second Temple.
* 927 – King Constantine II o ...
– The 7.7
Hokkaidō earthquake affected northern Japan with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (''Severe'') and triggers a devastating
tsunami
A tsunami ( ; from ja, 津波, lit=harbour wave, ) is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other underwater exp ...
that kills 230 on the small island of
Okushiri, Hokkaido
is a town on Okushiri Island, located in Hiyama Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan.
As of September 2016, the town has an estimated population of 2,812, and a density of 20 persons per km2. The total area is 142.98 km2.
Hiyama Prefectural Na ...
.
*
July 19
Events Pre-1600
*AD 64 – The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation and rages on for six days, destroying half of the city.
* 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is ...
–
1993 Japanese general election
General elections were held in Japan on 18 July 1993 to elect the 511 members of the House of Representatives. The Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), which had been in power since 1955, lost their majority in the House. An eight-party coalition go ...
: The loss of majority of the Liberal Democratic Party results in a coalition taking power.
*
July 25
Events Pre-1600
* 306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops.
* 315 – The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I's victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge. ...
– In a
terrorist attack
Terrorism, in its broadest sense, is the use of criminal violence to provoke a state of terror or fear, mostly with the intention to achieve political or religious aims. The term is used in this regard primarily to refer to intentional violen ...
members of the
Azanian People's Liberation Army
The Azanian People's Liberation Army (APLA), formerly known as Poqo, was the military wing of the Pan Africanist Congress, an African nationalist movement in South Africa. In the Xhosa language, the word 'Poqo' means 'pure'.
After attacks on ...
open fire on a congregation inside
St James Church in
Kenilworth, Cape Town
Kenilworth is a suburb in Cape Town, South Africa.
Geography
Kenilworth is bordered by Wynberg to the south and Claremont to the north. Kenilworth railway station is on the main line from Cape Town to Simon's Town. Main Road (which runs fro ...
, killing eleven and injuring fifty.
*
July 26
Events Pre-1600
* 657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I.
* 811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is se ...
**
Miguel Indurain wins the
1993 Tour de France
The 1993 Tour de France was the 80th edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 3 to 25 July. It consisted of 20 stages, over a distance of .
The winner of the previous two years, Miguel Induráin, successfully defended his title. The poin ...
.
**
Asiana Airlines Flight 733
Asiana Airlines Flight 733 (OZ733, AAR733, registration HL7229) was a domestic Asiana Airlines passenger flight from Seoul-Gimpo International Airport (SEL at the time, now GMP) to Mokpo Airport (MPK), South Korea. The Boeing 737 crashed on July ...
crashes into Mt. Ungeo in
Haenam, South Korea; 68 are killed.
*
July 29
Events Pre-1600
* 587 BC – The Neo-Babylonian Empire sacks Jerusalem and destroys the First Temple.
* 615 – Pakal ascends the throne of Palenque at the age of 12.
* 904 – Sack of Thessalonica: Saracen raiders under Leo ...
– The
Israeli Supreme Court
ar, المحكمة العليا
, image = Emblem of Israel dark blue full.svg
, imagesize = 100px
, caption = Emblem of Israel
, motto =
, established =
, location = Givat Ram, Jerusalem
, coordina ...
acquits accused
Nazi
Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in ...
death camp guard
John Demjanjuk
John Demjanjuk (born Ivan Mykolaiovych Demjanjuk; uk, Іван Миколайович Дем'янюк; 3 April 1920 – 17 March 2012) was a Ukrainian-American who served as a Trawniki man and Nazi camp guard at Sobibor extermination camp, ...
of all charges and he is set free.
August
* August – The
European Exchange Rate Mechanism
The European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM II) is a system introduced by the European Economic Community on 1 January 1999 alongside the introduction of a single currency, the euro (replacing ERM 1 and the euro's predecessor, the ECU) as ...
margin was expanded to 15% to accommodate
speculation against the
French franc
The franc (, ; sign: F or Fr), also commonly distinguished as the (FF), was a currency of France. Between 1360 and 1641, it was the name of coins worth 1 livre tournois and it remained in common parlance as a term for this amount of money. It w ...
and other currencies.
*
August 5
Events Pre-1600
*AD 25 – Guangwu claims the throne as Emperor of China, restoring the Han dynasty after the collapse of the short-lived Xin dynasty.
* 70 – Fires resulting from the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem are ...
– The discovery of the
Tel Dan Stele, the first archaeological confirmation of the existence of the
Davidic line, is announced.
*
August 9
Events Pre-1600
*48 BC – Caesar's Civil War: Battle of Pharsalus: Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus and Pompey flees to Egypt.
* 378 – Gothic War: Battle of Adrianople: A large Roman army led by Emperor Valens ...
– King
Albert II of Belgium
, house = Belgium
, father = Leopold III of Belgium
, mother = Astrid of Sweden
, birth_date =
, birth_place = Stuyvenberg Castle, Laeken, Brussels, Belgium
, death_date =
, death_place =
, signature = Albert II of Belgium Signat ...
is sworn into office nine days after the death of his brother, King
Baudouin I
Baudouin (;, ; nl, Boudewijn Albert Karel Leopold Axel Maria Gustaaf, ; german: Balduin Albrecht Karl Leopold Axel Maria Gustav. 7 September 1930 – 31 July 1993), Dutch name Boudewijn, was King of the Belgians from 17 July 1951 until his dea ...
.
*
August 13
Events Pre-1600
*29 BC – Octavian holds the first of three consecutive triumphs in Rome to celebrate the victory over the Dalmatian tribes.
* 523 – John I becomes the new Pope after the death of Pope Hormisdas.
* 554 – Emp ...
– More than 130 die in the collapse of Royal Plaza Hotel at
Nakhon Ratchasima
Nakhon Ratchasima ( th, นครราชสีมา, ) is one of the four major cities of Isan, Thailand, known as the "big four of Isan". The city is commonly known as Korat (, ), a shortened form of its name. It is the governmental seat of ...
in
Thailand
Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is b ...
's worst hotel disaster.
*
August 21 –
NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil List of government space agencies, space program ...
loses radio contact with the
Mars Observer
The ''Mars Observer'' spacecraft, also known as the ''Mars Geoscience/Climatology Orbiter'', was a robotic space probe launched by NASA on September 25, 1992, to study the Martian surface, atmosphere, climate and magnetic field. During the int ...
orbiter 3 days before the spacecraft is scheduled to enter orbit around
Mars
Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System, only being larger than Mercury. In the English language, Mars is named for the Roman god of war. Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin at ...
.
*
August 28
Events Pre-1600
* 475 – The Roman general Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his capital city, Ravenna.
* 489 – Theodoric, king of the Ostrogoths, defeats Odoacer at the Battle of Isonzo, forcing his way ...
–
Ong Teng Cheong
Ong Teng Cheong ( zh, c=王鼎昌, p=Wáng Dǐngchāng; 22 January 1936 – 8 February 2002) was a Singaporean politician who served as the fifth president of Singapore between 1993 and 1999. He was also the first elected president in Singapor ...
becomes the first
President of Singapore
The president of Singapore is the head of state of the Republic of Singapore. The role of the president is to safeguard the reserves and the integrity of the public service. The presidency is largely ceremonial, with the Cabinet led by the prime ...
elected by the population.
*
August 31
Events Pre-1600
* 1056 – After a sudden illness a few days previously, Byzantine Empress Theodora dies childless, thus ending the Macedonian dynasty.
* 1057 – Abdication of Byzantine Emperor Michael VI Bringas after just one year ...
– Russia completes removing its troops from
Lithuania.
September
*
September 13
Events Pre-1600
* 585 BC – Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victories over the Sabines, and the surrender of Collatia.
* 509 BC – The Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus on Rome's Capitoline Hi ...
**
1993 Norwegian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Norway on 12 and 13 September 1993.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1438 It was the first European election where the two largest parties fielded a female leade ...
: The Labour Party wins a plurality of the seats and Prime Minister
Gro Harlem Brundtland
Gro Brundtland (; born Gro Harlem, 20 April 1939) is a Norwegian politician ( Arbeiderpartiet), who served three terms as the 29th prime minister of Norway (1981, 1986–89, and 1990–96) and as the director-general of the World Health Organizat ...
retains office.
**
Oslo I Accord: Following initially secret talks from earlier in the year,
PLO leader
Yasser Arafat
Mohammed Abdel Rahman Abdel Raouf al-Qudwa al-Husseini (4 / 24 August 1929 – 11 November 2004), popularly known as Yasser Arafat ( , ; ar, محمد ياسر عبد الرحمن عبد الرؤوف عرفات القدوة الحسيني, Mu ...
and
Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
i prime minister
Yitzhak Rabin
Yitzhak Rabin (; he, יִצְחָק רַבִּין, ; 1 March 1922 – 4 November 1995) was an Israeli politician, statesman and general. He was the fifth Prime Minister of Israel, serving two terms in office, 1974–77, and from 1992 until h ...
shake hands in Washington, D.C. after signing a peace accord.
*
September 15
Events Pre-1600
* 994 – Major Fatimid victory over the Byzantine Empire at the Battle of the Orontes.
*1440 – Gilles de Rais, one of the earliest known serial killers, is taken into custody upon an accusation brought against him by ...
–
21 –
Hurricane Gert
Hurricane Gert was a large tropical cyclone that caused extensive flooding and mudslides throughout Central America and Mexico in September 1993. The seventh named storm and third hurricane of the annual hurricane season, Gert originated as ...
crosses from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean through Central America and Mexico.
*
September 17 – Russian troops withdraw from Poland.
*
September 19
Events Pre-1600
* 85 – Nerva, suspected of complicity of the death of Domitian, is declared emperor by Senate. The Senate then annuls laws passed by Domitian and orders his statues to be destroyed.
* 634 – Siege of Damascus: Th ...
–
1993 Polish parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Poland on 19 September 1993. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1491 In the Sejm elections, 52.13% of citizens cast their votes, and 95.7% of them were counted as ...
: A coalition of the
Democratic Left Alliance
The Democratic Left Alliance () was a social-democratic political party in Poland. It was formed in 9 July 1991 as an electoral alliance of centre-left parties, and became a single party on 15 April 1999. It was the major coalition party in Pol ...
and the
Polish People's Party
The Polish People's Party ( pl, Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe, PSL) is an agrarian political party in Poland. It is currently led by Władysław Kosiniak-Kamysz.
Its history traces back to 1895, when it held the name People's Party, although i ...
led by
Waldemar Pawlak
Waldemar Pawlak (born 5 September 1959) is a Polish politician. He has twice served as Prime Minister of Poland, briefly in 1992 and again from 1993 to 1995. From November 2007 to November 2012 he served as Deputy Prime Minister and the Minist ...
comes into power.
*
September 22
Events Pre-1600
* 904 – The warlord Zhu Quanzhong kills Emperor Zhaozong, the penultimate emperor of the Tang dynasty, after seizing control of the imperial government.
* 1236 – The Samogitians defeat the Livonian Brothers of th ...
–
Big Bayou Canot train disaster
On September 22, 1993, an Amtrak train derailed on the CSX Transportation Big Bayou Canot Bridge near Mobile, Alabama, United States. It was caused by displacement of a span and deformation of the rails when a tow of heavy barges collided with ...
: A bridge collapses while the Amtrak ''
Sunset Limited'' is in the process of crossing it, killing 47 people.
*
September 23 – The
International Olympic Committee
The International Olympic Committee (IOC; french: link=no, Comité international olympique, ''CIO'') is a non-governmental sports organisation based in Lausanne, Switzerland. It is constituted in the form of an association under the Swiss ...
selects
Sydney, Australia, to host the
2000 Summer Olympics
The 2000 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the XXVII Olympiad and also known as Sydney 2000 ( Dharug: ''Gadigal 2000''), the Millennium Olympic Games or the Games of the New Millennium, was an international multi-sport event held from ...
.
*
September 24
Events Pre-1600
*787 – Second Council of Nicaea: The council assembles at the church of Hagia Sophia.
*1568 – Spanish naval forces defeat an English fleet, under the command of John Hawkins, at the Battle of San Juan de Ulúa near ...
– The
Cambodia
Cambodia (; also Kampuchea ; km, កម្ពុជា, UNGEGN: ), officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochinese Peninsula in Southeast Asia, spanning an area of , bordered by Thailan ...
n monarchy is restored, with
Norodom Sihanouk as king.
*
September 26
Events
Pre-1600
*46 BC – Julius Caesar dedicates a temple to Venus Genetrix, fulfilling a vow he made at the Battle of Pharsalus.
* 715 – Ragenfrid defeats Theudoald at the Battle of Compiègne.
*1087 – William II is crown ...
** The first mission in
Biosphere 2 ends after two years.
**
PoSAT-1
PoSAT-1, the first Portuguese satellite, was launched into orbit on 26 September 1993, on the 59th flight of the Ariane 40 launch vehicle. The launch took place in the Centre Spatial Guyanais, French Guiana. About 20 minutes and 35 seconds aft ...
(the first Portuguese satellite) is launched on board French rocket
Ariane 4
The Ariane 4 was a European expendable space launch system, developed by the '' Centre national d'études spatiales'' (CNES), the French space agency, for the European Space Agency (ESA). It was manufactured by ArianeGroup and marketed by Ari ...
.
*
September 27
Events Pre-1600
*1066 – William the Conqueror and his army set sail from the mouth of the Somme river, beginning the Norman conquest of England.
* 1331 – The Battle of Płowce is fought, between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teuton ...
–
War in Abkhazia:
Fall of Sukhumi –
Eduard Shevardnadze
Eduard Ambrosis dze Shevardnadze ( ka, ედუარდ ამბროსის ძე შევარდნაძე}, romanized: ; 25 January 1928 – 7 July 2014) was a Soviet and Georgian politician and diplomat who governed Georgia fo ...
accuses Russia of passive complicity.
*
September 30
Events Pre-1600
* 489 – The Ostrogoths under Theoderic the Great defeat the forces of Odoacer for the second time.
* 737 – The Turgesh drive back an Umayyad invasion of Khuttal, follow them south of the Oxus, and capture their b ...
–
Latur earthquake: A 6.2 earthquake occurs in the vicinity of
Maharashtra, India having a maximum
Mercalli intensity
The Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MM, MMI, or MCS), developed from Giuseppe Mercalli's Mercalli intensity scale of 1902, is a seismic intensity scale used for measuring the intensity of shaking produced by an earthquake. It measures the eff ...
of VIII (''Severe''), killing 9,748 and injuring 30,000.
October
*
October 3
Events Pre-1600
* 2457 BC – Gaecheonjeol, Hwanung (환웅) purportedly descended from heaven. South Korea's National Foundation Day.
* 52 BC – Gallic Wars: Vercingetorix, leader of the Gauls, surrenders to the Romans under Juliu ...
–
4–
Battle of Mogadishu: The U.S. Army conducts
Operation Gothic Serpent
Operation Gothic Serpent was a military operation conducted in Mogadishu, Somalia, by an American force code-named ''Task Force Ranger'' during the Somali Civil War in 1993. The primary objective of the operation was to capture Mohamed Farra ...
in the city of
Mogadishu
Mogadishu (, also ; so, Muqdisho or ; ar, مقديشو ; it, Mogadiscio ), locally known as Xamar or Hamar, is the capital and most populous city of Somalia. The city has served as an important port connecting traders across the Indian Oc ...
, Somalia, deploying Task Force Ranger. Two U.S. Army
UH-60 Blackhawk
The Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk is a four-blade, twin-engine, medium-lift utility military helicopter manufactured by Sikorsky Aircraft. Sikorsky submitted the S-70 design for the United States Army's Utility Tactical Transport Aircraft System ( ...
s are shot down and the operation leaves over 1,000 Somalians dead and over 74 Americans wounded in action, 18 killed and 1 captured.
*
October 4
Events Pre-1600
*AD 23 – Rebels sack the Chinese capital Chang'an during a peasant rebellion.
*1209 – Otto IV is crowned Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by Pope Innocent III.
*1302 – The Byzantine–Venetian War comes t ...
– The
Russian constitutional crisis culminates with Russian military and security forces, using tanks and clearing the
White House of Russia
The White House ( rus, Белый дом, r=Bely dom, p=ˈbʲɛlɨj ˈdom; officially The House of the Government of the Russian Federation, rus, Дом Правительства Российской Федерации, r=Dom pravitelstva Ross ...
Parliament building by force, quashing a mass uprising against President
Boris Yeltsin
Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin ( rus, Борис Николаевич Ельцин, p=bɐˈrʲis nʲɪkɐˈla(j)ɪvʲɪtɕ ˈjelʲtsɨn, a=Ru-Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin.ogg; 1 February 1931 – 23 April 2007) was a Soviet and Russian politician wh ...
.
*
October 5
Events Pre-1600
* 610 – Heraclius arrives at Constantinople, kills Byzantine Emperor Phocas, and becomes emperor.
* 816 – King Louis the Pious is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by the Pope.
* 869 – The Fourth Coun ...
– China performs a
nuclear test
Nuclear weapons tests are experiments carried out to determine nuclear weapons' effectiveness, Nuclear weapon yield, yield, and explosive capability. Testing nuclear weapons offers practical information about how the weapons function, how detona ...
, ending a worldwide ''de facto''
moratorium.
*
October 10
Events Pre-1600
* 680 – The Battle of Karbala marks the Martyrdom of Husayn ibn Ali.
* 732 – Charles Martel's forces defeat an Umayyad army near Tours, France.
*1471 – Sten Sture the Elder, the Regent of Sweden, with ...
– The South Korean ferry ''
Seohae'' capsizes off
Pusan
Busan (), officially known as is South Korea's most populous city after Seoul, with a population of over 3.4 million inhabitants. Formerly romanized as Pusan, it is the economic, cultural and educational center of southeastern South Korea, ...
, South Korea; 292 are killed.
*
October 11
Events Pre-1600
*1138 – A massive earthquake strikes Aleppo; it is one of the most destructive earthquakes ever.
*1142 – A peace treaty ends the Jin–Song wars.
* 1311 – The peerage and clergy restrict the authority of Engl ...
–
28 – The
UNMIH
The United Nations Mission in Haiti (UNMIH) was a peacekeeping operation carried out by the United Nations between September 1993 and June 1996. The Mission was reestablished (''MINUSTAH'') in April 2004, after a rebellion took over most of Hai ...
is prevented from entering
Haiti by its military-led regime. On
October 18
Events Pre-1600
* 33 – Heartbroken by the deaths of her sons Nero and Drusus, and banished to the island of Pandateria by Tiberius, Agrippina the Elder dies of self-inflicted starvation.
* 320 – Pappus of Alexandria, Greek philos ...
,
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmoniz ...
economic sanctions (abolished in August) are reinstated. U.S. President Bill Clinton sends 6 American warships to enforce them.
*
October 13
Events Pre-1600
* 54 – Roman emperor Claudius dies from poisoning under mysterious circumstances. He is succeeded by his adoptive son Nero, rather than by Britannicus, his son with Messalina.
* 409 – Vandals and Alans cross the P ...
**
1993 Greek legislative election:
Andreas Papandreou
Andreas Georgiou Papandreou ( el, Ανδρέας Γεωργίου Παπανδρέου, ; 5 February 1919 – 23 June 1996) was a Greek economist, politician and a dominant figure in Greek politics, known for founding the political party PASOK, ...
begins his second term as
Prime Minister of Greece.
** The fifth summit of the
Francophonie opens in
Mauritius
Mauritius ( ; french: Maurice, link=no ; mfe, label= Mauritian Creole, Moris ), officially the Republic of Mauritius, is an island nation in the Indian Ocean about off the southeast coast of the African continent, east of Madagascar. It ...
.
** The
1993 Finisterre earthquakes
The 1993 Finisterre Range earthquakes occurred in October 1993, beneath the Finisterre Range, north of Markham Valley in Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea. The earthquake sequence began on October 13 with a 6.9 mainshock, followed by 6.5 and ...
in Papua New Guinea kill at least 60 due to landslides.
*
October 19
Events Pre-1600
* 202 BC – Second Punic War: At the Battle of Zama, Roman legions under Scipio Africanus defeat Hannibal Barca, leader of the army defending Carthage.
* 439 – The Vandals, led by King Gaiseric, take Carthage in ...
–
Benazir Bhutto becomes the Prime Minister of Pakistan for the second time.
*
October 21
Events Pre-1600
*1096 – A Seljuk Turkish army successfully fights off the People's Crusade.
*1097 – First Crusade: Crusaders led by Godfrey of Bouillon, Bohemund of Taranto, and Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse, begin the Siege of A ...
– A coup in
Burundi results in the death of president
Melchior Ndadaye
Melchior Ndadaye (28 March 1953 – 21 October 1993) was a Burundian intellectual and politician. He was the first democratically elected and first Hutu president of Burundi after winning the landmark 1993 election. Though he moved to attempt to ...
and sparks the
Burundi Civil War
The Burundian Civil War was a civil war in Burundi lasting from 1993 to 2005. The civil war was the result of longstanding Ethnic conflict, ethnic divisions between the Hutu and the Tutsi ethnic groups. The conflict began following the first Mult ...
.
*
October 25
Events Pre-1600
* 285 (or 286) – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers.
* 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II a ...
–
1993 Canadian federal election:
Jean Chrétien and his
Liberal Party
The Liberal Party is any of many political parties around the world. The meaning of ''liberal'' varies around the world, ranging from liberal conservatism on the right to social liberalism on the left.
__TOC__ Active liberal parties
This is a li ...
defeat the governing
Progressive Conservative Party, which falls to a historic low of two seats.
November
*
November 1
Events Pre-1600
*365 – The Alemanni cross the Rhine and invade Gaul. Emperor Valentinian I moves to Paris to command the army and defend the Gallic cities.
* 996 – Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of Freisin ...
– The
Maastricht Treaty
The Treaty on European Union, commonly known as the Maastricht Treaty, is the foundation treaty of the European Union (EU). Concluded in 1992 between the then-twelve Member state of the European Union, member states of the European Communities, ...
takes effect, formally establishing the
European Union
The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated total population of about 447million. The EU has often been de ...
.
*
November 4
Events Pre-1600
*1429 – Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War: Joan of Arc liberates Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier.
*1493 – Christopher Columbus reaches Leeward Island and Puerto Rico.
*1501 – Catherine of Aragon (later Henry VIII's ...
–
Jean Chrétien becomes the 20th
Prime Minister of Canada
The prime minister of Canada (french: premier ministre du Canada, link=no) is the head of government of Canada. Under the Westminster system, the prime minister governs with the confidence of a majority the elected House of Commons; as su ...
.
*
November 5
Events Pre-1600
*1138 – Lý Anh Tông is enthroned as emperor of Vietnam at the age of two, beginning a 37-year reign.
*1499 – The '' Catholicon'', written in 1464 by Jehan Lagadeuc in Tréguier, is published; this is the first Bre ...
– The
Parliament of the United Kingdom
The Parliament of the United Kingdom is the supreme legislative body of the United Kingdom, the Crown Dependencies and the British Overseas Territories. It meets at the Palace of Westminster, London. It alone possesses legislative suprema ...
passes the
Railways Act 1993
The Railways Act 1993c 43 was introduced by John Major's Conservative government and passed on 5 November 1993. It provided for the restructuring of the British Railways Board (BRB), the public corporation that owned and operated the national ra ...
, setting out the procedures for
privatisation of British Rail
The privatisation of British Rail was the process by which ownership and operation of the railways of Great Britain passed from government control into private hands. Begun in 1994, it had been completed by 1997. The deregulation of the indust ...
.
*
November 9 –
Bosnian Croat forces destroy the ''
Stari Most
Stari Most ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, Stari most, Стари мост, Old Bridge), also known as Mostar Bridge, is a rebuilt 16th-century Ottoman bridge in the city of Mostar in Bosnia and Herzegovina that crosses the river Neretva and connects the two ...
'', or Old Bridge of
Mostar
, settlement_type = City
, image_skyline = Mostar (collage image).jpg
, image_caption = From top, left to right: A panoramic view of the heritage town site and the Neretva river from Lučki Bridge, Koski Mehmed Pasha ...
,
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country at the crossroads of south and southeast Europe, located in the Balkans. Bosnia and H ...
, by tank fire.
*
November 12
Events Pre-1600
* 954 – The 13-year-old Lothair III is crowned at the Abbey of Saint-Remi as king of the West Frankish Kingdom.
*1028 – Future Byzantine empress Zoe takes the throne as empress consort to Romanos III Argyros.
* 13 ...
–
London Convention: Marine dumping of
radioactive waste
Radioactive waste is a type of hazardous waste that contains radioactive material. Radioactive waste is a result of many activities, including nuclear medicine, nuclear research, nuclear power generation, rare-earth mining, and nuclear weapons r ...
is outlawed.
*
November 14
Events Pre-1600 1601–1900
*1680 – German astronomer Gottfried Kirch discovers the Great Comet of 1680, the first comet to be discovered by telescope.
*1770 – James Bruce discovers what he believes to be the source of the Nile.
...
– In
a status referendum, residents of
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico (; abbreviated PR; tnq, Boriken, ''Borinquen''), officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico ( es, link=yes, Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico, lit=Free Associated State of Puerto Rico), is a Caribbean island and unincorporated ...
vote by a slim margin to maintain
Commonwealth status.
*
November 17
Events Pre-1600
* 887 – Emperor Charles the Fat is deposed by the Frankish magnates in an assembly at Frankfurt, leading his nephew, Arnulf of Carinthia, to declare himself king of the East Frankish Kingdom in late November.
* 1183 & ...
–
22 – The
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) passes the legislative houses in the United States, Canada and Mexico.
* November 17
** In Nigeria, General
Sani Abacha
Sani Abacha (20 September 1943 – 8 June 1998) was a Nigerian military officer and politician who ruled as the military head of state of Nigeria from 1993 until his death in 1998. He seized power on 17 November 1993 in the last successful c ...
ousts the government of
Ernest Shonekan
Chief Ernest Adegunle Oladeinde Shonekan (9 May 1936 – 11 January 2022) was a Nigerian lawyer and statesman who served as the interim Head of State of Nigeria from 26 August 1993 to 17 November 1993. He was titled Abese of Egbaland from ...
in a military coup.
** The first meeting of the
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC ) is an inter-governmental forum for 21 member economies in the Pacific Rim that promotes free trade throughout the Asia-Pacific region. summit opens in
Seattle
Seattle ( ) is a seaport city on the West Coast of the United States. It is the seat of King County, Washington. With a 2020 population of 737,015, it is the largest city in both the state of Washington and the Pacific Northwest regio ...
.
*
November 20
Events Pre-1600
* 284 – Diocletian is chosen as Roman emperor.
* 762 – During the An Shi Rebellion, the Tang dynasty, with the help of Huihe tribe, recaptures Luoyang from the rebels.
* 1194 – Palermo is conquered by Henry ...
– An Avioimpex
Yakovlev Yak-42D
The Yakovlev Yak-42 (russian: Яковлев Як-42; NATO reporting name: "Clobber") is a 100/120-seat three-engined mid-range passenger jet developed in the mid 1970s to replace the technically obsolete Tupolev Tu-134. It was the first airlin ...
crashes into Mount Trojani near
Ohrid
Ohrid ( mk, Охрид ) is a city in North Macedonia and is the seat of the Ohrid Municipality. It is the largest city on Lake Ohrid and the List of cities in North Macedonia, eighth-largest city in the country, with the municipality recording ...
,
Macedonia. All 8 crew members and 115 of the 116 passengers are killed.
*
November 28
Events Pre-1600
* 587 – Treaty of Andelot
The Treaty of Andelot (or Pact of Andelot) was signed at Andelot-Blancheville in 587 between King Guntram of Burgundy and Queen Brunhilda of Austrasia. Based on the terms of the accord, Brun ...
– ''
The Observer
''The Observer'' is a British newspaper published on Sundays. It is a sister paper to ''The Guardian'' and '' The Guardian Weekly'', whose parent company Guardian Media Group Limited acquired it in 1993. First published in 1791, it is the ...
'' reveals that a channel of communications has existed between the
Provisional Irish Republican Army
The Irish Republican Army (IRA; ), also known as the Provisional Irish Republican Army, and informally as the Provos, was an Irish republican paramilitary organisation that sought to end British rule in Northern Ireland, facilitate Irish reu ...
and the British government, despite the government's persistent denials.
*
November 30
Events Pre-1600
* 978 – Franco-German war of 978–980: Holy Roman Emperor Otto II lifts the siege of Paris and withdraws. 1601–1900
*1707 – Queen Anne's War: The second Siege of Pensacola comes to end with the failure of the Br ...
** An agreement establishing the Permanent Tripartite Commission for East African Co-operation is signed.
** U.S. President
Bill Clinton
William Jefferson Clinton ( né Blythe III; born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He previously served as governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981 and agai ...
signs the
Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act
The Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act ( Pub.L. 103–159, 107 Stat. 1536, enacted November 30, 1993), often referred to as the Brady Act or the Brady Bill, is an Act of the United States Congress that mandated federal background checks on ...
.
December
*
December 2
Events Pre-1600
*1244 – Pope Innocent IV arrives at Lyon for the First Council of Lyon.
* 1409 – The University of Leipzig opens. 1601–1900
*1697 – St Paul's Cathedral, rebuilt to the design of Sir Christopher Wren followin ...
** ''
STS-61
STS-61 was the first NASA Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission, and the fifth flight of the Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. The mission launched on 2 December 1993 from Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida. The mission restored the spacebor ...
'':
NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil List of government space agencies, space program ...
launches the Space Shuttle ''
Endeavour'' on a mission to repair an optical flaw in the
Hubble Space Telescope
The Hubble Space Telescope (often referred to as HST or Hubble) is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990 and remains in operation. It was not the first space telescope, but it is one of the largest and most vers ...
.
**
Colombian drug lord
Pablo Escobar is gunned down by police.
*
December 5
Events Pre-1600
* 63 BC – Cicero gives the fourth and final of the Catiline Orations.
* 633 – Fourth Council of Toledo opens, presided over by Isidore of Seville.
* 1033 – The Jordan Rift Valley earthquake destroys multipl ...
**
Omar Bongo
El Hadj Omar Bongo Ondimba (born Albert-Bernard Bongo; 30 December 1935 – 8 June 2009) was a Gabonese politician who was the second President of Gabon for 42 years, from 1967 until his death in 2009. Omar Bongo was promoted to key positions as ...
is re-elected as
President of Gabon
The president of Gabon is the head of state of Gabon. A total of three people have served as president (not counting two acting presidents) since the post was formed in 1960.
Description of the office
Election
The president of the republic is ...
in the country's first multiparty elections.
**
Rafael Caldera Rodríguez
Rafael Antonio Caldera Rodríguez ( (); 24 January 1916 – 24 December 2009), twice elected the president of Venezuela, served for two five-year terms (1969–1974 and 1994–1999), becoming the longest serving democratically elected lead ...
is elected President of Venezuela for the second time, succeeding interim president
Ramón José Velásquez
Ramón José Velásquez Mujica (28 November 1916 – 24 June 2014) was a Venezuelan politician, historian, journalist, and lawyer. He served as the president of Venezuela between 1993 and 1994.
Background and personal life
Velásquez was born ...
.
*
December 7
Events Pre-1600
*43 BC – Marcus Tullius Cicero is assassinated in Formia on orders of Marcus Antonius.
* 574 – Byzantine Emperor Justin II, suffering recurring seizures of insanity, adopts his general Tiberius and proclaims him ...
** In
Garden City, New York, six people are murdered and 19 injured in the
Long Island Rail Road massacre
The 1993 Long Island Rail Road shooting occurred on December 7, 1993, aboard a Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) train in Garden City Park, New York. As the train arrived at Merillon Avenue station, passenger Colin Ferguson began firing at other pass ...
, a racially motivated mass shooting perpetrated by Colin Ferguson, a black Jamaican immigrant.
** The 32-member Transitional Executive Committee holds its first meeting in
Cape Town
Cape Town ( af, Kaapstad; , xh, iKapa) is one of South Africa's three capital cities, serving as the seat of the Parliament of South Africa. It is the legislative capital of the country, the oldest city in the country, and the second largest ...
, marking the first meeting of an official government body in South Africa with Black members.
**
President of Ivory Coast
This article lists the heads of state of Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, since the country gained independence from France in 1960. Alassane Ouattara has been serving as President of Ivory Coast since 4 December 2010.
...
Félix Houphouët-Boigny
Félix Houphouët-Boigny (; 18 October 1905 – 7 December 1993), affectionately called Papa Houphouët or Le Vieux ("The Old One"), was the first president of Ivory Coast, serving from 1960 until his death in 1993. A tribal chief, he wo ...
dies at 88, the oldest African head of state. He is succeeded four days later by
Henri Konan Bédié
Aimé Henri Konan Bédié (born 5 May 1934) is an Ivorian politician. He was President of Ivory Coast from 1993 to 1999. He is currently the President of the Democratic Party of Ivory Coast - African Democratic Rally (PDCI-RDA). .
*
December 8
Events Pre-1600
* 395 – Later Yan is defeated by its former vassal Northern Wei at the Battle of Canhe Slope.
* 757 – The poet Du Fu returns to Chang'an as a member of Emperor Xuanzong's court, after having escaped the city durin ...
– U.S. President
Bill Clinton
William Jefferson Clinton ( né Blythe III; born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He previously served as governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981 and agai ...
signs into law the
North American Free Trade Agreement.
*
December 11
Events Pre-1600
* 220 – Emperor Xian of Han is forced to abdicate the throne by Cao Cao's son Cao Pi, ending the Han dynasty.
* 361 – Julian enters Constantinople as sole Roman Emperor.
* 861 – Assassination of the Abba ...
** One of the three blocks of the Highland Towers near
Kuala Lumpur
, anthem = ''Maju dan Sejahtera''
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, pushpin_map = Malaysia#Southeast Asia#Asia
, pushpin_map_caption =
, coordinates =
, sub ...
,
Malaysia
Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...
collapses, killing 48.
**
1993 Chilean presidential election
General elections were held in Chile on 11 December 1993 to elect the President, members of the Chamber of Deputies and elected members of the Senate.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume II'', p262 Eduardo Frei ...
:
Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle
Eduardo Alfredo Juan Bernardo Frei Ruiz–Tagle (; born 24 June 1942) is a Chilean politician and civil engineer who served as president of Chile from 1994 to 2000. He was also a Senator, fulfilling the role of President of the Senate from 2006 ...
is elected with 58% of the vote.
*
December 13
Events Pre-1600
*1294 – Saint Celestine V resigns the papacy after only five months to return to his previous life as an ascetic hermit.
* 1545 – The Council of Trent begins as the embodiment of the Counter-Reformation.
* 1577 & ...
** Former
Prime Minister of Canada
The prime minister of Canada (french: premier ministre du Canada, link=no) is the head of government of Canada. Under the Westminster system, the prime minister governs with the confidence of a majority the elected House of Commons; as su ...
Kim Campbell
Avril Phaedra Douglas "Kim" Campbell (born March 10, 1947) is a Canadian politician, diplomat, lawyer, and writer who served as the 19th prime minister of Canada from June 25 to November 4, 1993. Campbell is the first and so far only female ...
resigns as leader of the
Progressive Conservative Party and is succeeded as leader by
Jean Charest
John James "Jean" Charest (; born June 24, 1958) is a Canadian lawyer and former politician who served as the 29th premier of Quebec from 2003 to 2012 and the fifth deputy prime minister of Canada in 1993. Charest was elected to the House o ...
.
** The
Majilis of
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country located mainly in Central Asia and partly in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the north and west, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbeki ...
approves the nuclear
Non-Proliferation Treaty
The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, commonly known as the Non-Proliferation Treaty or NPT, is an international treaty whose objective is to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology, to promote cooperation ...
and agrees to dismantle the more than 100 missiles left on its territory by the fall of the USSR.
*
December 15
Events Pre-1600
* 533 – Vandalic War: Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of Tricamarum.
* 687 – Pope Sergius I is elected as a compromise between antipopes Paschal and Theodor ...
– The
Uruguay Round
The Uruguay Round was the 8th round of multilateral trade negotiations (MTN) conducted within the framework of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), spanning from 1986 to 1993 and embracing 123 countries as "contracting parties". The R ...
of
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) talks reach a successful conclusion after seven years.
*
December 17
Events Pre-1600
* 497 BC – The first Saturnalia festival was celebrated in ancient Rome.
* 546 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoths under king Totila plunder the city, by bribing the Byzantine garrison.
* 920 – Romanos I Lekap ...
–
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
's
Supreme Court rules that former President
Fernando Collor de Mello
Fernando Affonso Collor de Mello (; born 12 August 1949) is a Brazilian politician who served as the 32nd president of Brazil from 1990 to 1992, when he resigned in a failed attempt to stop his impeachment trial by the Brazilian Senate. Collor ...
may not hold elected office again until 2000 due to
political corruption.
*
December 20
Events Pre-1600
*AD 69 – Antonius Primus enters Rome to claim the title of Emperor for Nero's former general Vespasian.
* 1192 – Richard I of England is captured and imprisoned by Leopold V of Austria on his way home to England a ...
** The
United Nations General Assembly
The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA or GA; french: link=no, Assemblée générale, AG) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN), serving as the main deliberative, policymaking, and representative organ of the UN. Curr ...
votes to appoint a
U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights
The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, commonly known as the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) or the United Nations Human Rights Office, is a department of the Secretariat of the United Nati ...
.
** The first corrected images from the
Hubble Space Telescope
The Hubble Space Telescope (often referred to as HST or Hubble) is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990 and remains in operation. It was not the first space telescope, but it is one of the largest and most vers ...
are taken.
*
December 21
Events Pre-1600
*AD 69 – The Roman Senate declares Vespasian emperor of Rome, the last in the Year of the Four Emperors.
*1124 – Pope Honorius II is consecrated, having been elected after the controversial dethroning of Pope Celes ...
– The
Hungarian Parliament
The National Assembly ( hu, Országgyűlés, lit=Country Assembly) is the parliament of Hungary. The unicameral body consists of 199 (386 between 1990 and 2014) members elected to 4-year terms. Election of members is done using a semi-propo ...
elects
Péter Boross
Péter Boross (born 27 August 1928) is a retired Hungarian politician and former member of the Hungarian Democratic Forum (MDF) who served as Prime Minister of Hungary from December 1993 to July 1994. He assumed the position upon the death of his ...
Prime Minister of Hungary
The prime minister of Hungary ( hu, Magyarország miniszterelnöke) is the head of government of Hungary. The prime minister and the Cabinet are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Parliament, to their political part ...
following the death of
József Antall
József Tihamér Antall Jr. ( hu, ifjabb Antall József Tihamér, ; 8 April 1932 – 12 December 1993) was a Hungarian teacher, librarian, historian, and statesman who served as the first democratically elected Prime Minister of Hungary, holdi ...
on December 12.
*
December 30
** The
Congress Party gains a parliamentary majority in India after the defection of 10
Janata Dal
Janata Dal (“People’s Party”) was an Indian political party which was formed through the merger of Janata Party factions, the Lok Dal, Indian National Congress (Jagjivan), and the Jan Morcha united on 11 October 1988 on the birth annive ...
party lawmakers.
** Representatives of
Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
and the
Holy See
The Holy See ( lat, Sancta Sedes, ; it, Santa Sede ), also called the See of Rome, Petrine See or Apostolic See, is the jurisdiction of the Pope in his role as the bishop of Rome. It includes the apostolic episcopal see of the Diocese of R ...
sign the
Fundamental Agreement Between the Holy See and the State of Israel, preparing for the establishment of
diplomatic relations
Diplomacy comprises spoken or written communication by representatives of states (such as leaders and diplomats) intended to influence events in the international system.Ronald Peter Barston, ''Modern diplomacy'', Pearson Education, 2006, p. 1 ...
.
**
Argentina
Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...
passes a measure allowing President
Carlos Menem and all future presidents to run for a second consecutive term. It also shortens presidential terms to 4 years and removes the requirement for the president to be
Roman Catholic
Roman or Romans most often refers to:
*Rome, the capital city of Italy
* Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD
* Roman people, the people of ancient Rome
*'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a let ...
.
Date unknown
* 1992–
1993 Jack in the Box ''E. coli'' outbreak occurs in the United States when 732 people, mostly children, are infected with the ''Escherichia coli'' O157:H7 bacterium originating from undercooked beef patties in hamburgers; four die.
* Severe floods hit South Asia, killing over 4,000 people in
Bangladesh
Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mos ...
, India and
Nepal
Nepal (; ne, :ne:नेपाल, नेपाल ), formerly the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal ( ne,
सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल ), is a landlocked country in S ...
.
* Wildfires in
California
California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the m ...
destroy over and 700 homes.
Births
January
![Zayn Wiki](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Zayn_Wiki.jpg)
*
January 1
January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the yea ...
–
Larry Nance Jr.
Larry Donnell Nance Jr. (born January 1, 1993) is an American professional basketball player for the New Orleans Pelicans of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for the Wyoming Cowboys, where he was considered ...
, American basketball player
*
January 2 –
Bryson Tiller
Bryson Djuan Tiller (born January 2, 1993) is an American singer and rapper. Born in Louisville, Kentucky, he began his career in 2011 with a mixtape entitled ''Killer Instinct Vol. 1''. Tiller initially gained mainstream success in 2015 follo ...
, American rapper, singer and songwriter
*
January 4 –
Scott Redding
Scott Christopher Redding (born 4 January 1993) is a British motorcycle racer. For 2022 he is contracted to ride in Superbike World Championship with BMW Motorrad WorldSBK team after the 2020 and 2021 seasons with Ducati factory WSBK team ridi ...
, English Grand Prix motorcycle racer
*
January 6 –
Jesús Manuel Corona
Jesús Manuel Corona Ruíz (; born 6 January 1993), popularly known by his nickname Tecatito, is a Mexican professional footballer who plays as a winger for La Liga club Sevilla and the Mexico national team.
Tecatito began his career in 201 ...
, Mexican footballer
*
January 7 –
Jan Oblak
Jan Oblak (born 7 January 1993) is a Slovenian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for La Liga club Atlético Madrid and captains the Slovenia national team. He is frequently ranked as one of the best goalkeepers in the world.
O ...
, Slovenian footballer
*
January 9
**
Ashley Argota, American actress and singer
**
Katarina Johnson-Thompson
Katarina Mary Johnson-Thompson (born 9 January 1993) is an English athlete primarily known as an elite multi-eventer, both as a heptathlete and an indoor pentathlete. She has been World Champion in both disciplines, and a double Commonwealth ...
, English heptathlete
**
Aminata Savadogo
Aminata Savadogo (born 9 January 1993), occasionally known as simply Aminata, is a Latvian singer, songwriter, record producer, and model.
She represented Latvia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2015 with the song " Love Injected". She released ...
, Latvian singer-songwriter
*
January 12
Events Pre-1600
* 475 – Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople, and his general, Basiliscus gains control of the empire.
* 1528 – Gustav I of Sweden is crowned King of Sweden, having already rei ...
**
D.O.
Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO or D.O., or in Australia DO USA) is a medical degree conferred by the 38 osteopathic medical schools in the United States. DO and Doctor of Medicine (MD) degrees are equivalent: a DO graduate may become licens ...
, South Korean singer and actor
**
Zayn Malik
Zain Javadd Malik ( ; born 12 January 1993), known mononymously as Zayn, is an English pop and R&B singer. Zayn auditioned as a solo contestant for the British music competition television series ''The X Factor'' in 2010. After being eliminate ...
, British singer
*
January 13
**
Max Whitlock
Max Antony Whitlock (born 13 January 1993) is a British artistic gymnast. With fourteen medals and six titles in Olympic and world championships, Whitlock is the most successful gymnast in his nation's history, and the most successful pommel ...
, English artistic gymnast
**
Tyler Barnhardt
Tyler Davis Barnhardt (born January 13, 1993) is an American actor. He is known for his roles as Matthew Roe in the American period drama television series '' Underground'' and Charlie St. George in the American teen drama streaming television s ...
, american actor
*
January 14 –
Mariya Lasitskene
Mariya Aleksandrovna Lasitskene (russian: Мария Александровна Ласицкене, ; ; born 14 January 1993) is a Russian athlete who specialises in the high jump. She is the 2020 Olympic champion and three-time world champion ...
, Russian track and field athlete
* January 15 – Paulina Vega, Colombian model and television presenter
* January 22 – Netta Barzilai, Israeli singer
*
January 25 – Iris Mittenaere, French beauty queen and model
* January 28
** John Brooks (soccer, born 1993), John Brooks, German-born American soccer player
** Will Poulter, English actor
* January 29 – Kyary Pamyu Pamyu, Japanese model, blogger, and recording artist
February
![Emmelie de Forest, ESC2013 press conference 12 (crop)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Emmelie_de_Forest%2C_ESC2013_press_conference_12_%28crop%29.jpg)
* February 6 – Tinashe, American actress and singer
* February 7 – Diego Laxalt, Uruguayan footballer
* February 1 – Karl Geiger, German ski-jumper
* February 17
** Elhaida Dani, Albanian singer-songwriter
** Marc Márquez, Spanish four time MotoGP world champion
* February 19 – Victoria Justice, American actress and singer
* February 28 – Emmelie de Forest, Danish singer and songwriter
March
![FRA-ARG (11) - Paul Pogba (cropped)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/FRA-ARG_%2811%29_-_Paul_Pogba_%28cropped%29.jpg)
* March 1 – Juan Bernat, Spanish footballer
* March 2
** Pandelela Rinong, Malaysian diver
** Mariya Yaremchuk, Ukrainian pop singer
* March 3 – Antonio Rüdiger, German footballer
* March 4 – Bobbi Kristina Brown, American media personality and singer (d. 2015)
*
March 5
** Fred (footballer, born 1993), Fred, Brazilian footballer
** Harry Maguire, English footballer
* March 9 – Suga (rapper), Suga, South Korean rapper and songwriter
* March 10 – Peniel Shin, Peniel, South Korean based rapper
*
March 11
Events Pre-1600
* 222 – Roman emperor Elagabalus is murdered alongside his mother, Julia Soaemias. He is replaced by his 14-year old cousin, Severus Alexander.
* 843 – Triumph of Orthodoxy: Empress Theodora II restores the ven ...
** Jodie Comer, English actress
** Anthony Davis (basketball), Anthony Davis, American basketball player
* March 14 – Anna Ewers, German model
* March 15
** Alia Bhatt, British actress and singer in Bollywood
** Paul Pogba, French footballer
** Mark Scheifele, Canadian ice hockey player
* March 18 – Mana Iwabuchi, Japanese footballer
* March 19 – Hakim Ziyech, Moroccan footballer
* March 20 – Sloane Stephens, American tennis player
* March 23 – Lee Hyun-woo (actor, born 1993), Lee Hyun-woo, South Korean actor and singer
*
March 24
Events Pre-1600
* 1199 – King Richard I of England is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting in France, leading to his death on April 6.
*1387 – English victory over a Franco- Castilian-Flemish fleet in the Battle of Margate o ...
– Mackenzie Dern, American mixed martial artist and Brazilian Jiu Jitsu practitioner
*
March 29
Events Pre-1600
* 845 – Paris is sacked by Viking raiders, probably under Ragnar Lodbrok, who collects a huge ransom in exchange for leaving.
* 1430 – The Ottoman Empire under Murad II captures Thessalonica from the Republic of ...
– Thorgan Hazard, Belgian footballer
* March 30
** Anitta (singer), Anitta, Brazilian singer and dancer
** Ji Soo, South Korean actor
April
![Madeleine Martin](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Madeleine_Martin.jpg)
* April 2
** Shin Jae-ha, South Korean actor
** Keshorn Walcott, Trinidadian javelin thrower
* April 10 – Sofia Carson, American actress and singer
* April 12 – Ryan Nugent-Hopkins, Canadian ice hockey player
*
April 16
Events Pre-1600
* 1457 BC – Battle of Megido - the first battle to have been recorded in what is accepted as relatively reliable detail.
* 69 – Defeated by Vitellius' troops at Bedriacum, Otho commits suicide.
* 73 – Masad ...
** Chance the Rapper, American rapper
** Mirai Nagasu, Japanese-American figure skater
* April 24 – Ben Davies (footballer, born 1993), Ben Davies, Welsh footballer
* April 25 – Raphaël Varane, French footballer
* April 28 – Eva Samková, Czech snowboarder
*
April 30
Events Pre-1600
*311 – The Diocletianic Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire ends.
*1315 – Enguerrand de Marigny is hanged at the instigation of Charles, Count of Valois.
*1492 – Spain gives Christopher Columbus hi ...
– Arnór Ingvi Traustason, Icelandic footballer
May
![Miranda Cosgrove KCA 2021](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Miranda_Cosgrove_KCA_2021.jpg)
* May 6 – Naomi Scott, English actress, singer and musician
* May 8 – Kayla Williams (gymnast), Kayla Williams, American gymnast
*
May 9
Events Pre-1600
* 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria.
*1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy.
*1386 – England and Portugal formally rati ...
– Ryosuke Yamada, Japanese idol
* May 10
** Tímea Babos, Hungarian tennis player
** Halston Sage, American actress
* May 13
** Romelu Lukaku, Belgian football player
** Stefan Kraft, Austrian ski jumper
** Debby Ryan, American actress and singer
** Tones and I, Australian singer-songwriter
* May 14
** Miranda Cosgrove, American actress and singer
** Kristina Mladenovic, French tennis player
*
May 16
** IU (singer), IU, South Korean singer-songwriter and actress
** Atticus Mitchell, Canadian actor and musician
* May 18 – Jessica Watson, Australian sailor
*
May 28
Events Pre-1600
*585 BC – A solar eclipse occurs, as predicted by the Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling Cyaxares in the Battle of the Eclipse, leading to a truce. This is one of the cardinal dates from ...
– Jonnie Peacock, English Paralympic athlete
* May 29 – Richard Carapaz, Ecuadorian cyclist
June
![George Ezra at Glastonbury Abbey 2014](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/George_Ezra_at_Glastonbury_Abbey_2014.jpg)
* June 3 – Sabrina Gonzalez Pasterski, American theoretical physicist
*
June 6
** Frida Gustavsson, Swedish model
** Ashley Spencer (athlete), Ashley Spencer, American track and field athlete
* June 7
** Swae Lee, American singer, rapper and songwriter
** George Ezra, English singer-songwriter
** Park Ji-yeon, South Korean singer and actress
* June 10 – Scott McLaughlin (racing driver), Scott McLaughlin, New Zealand racing driver
* June 12 – Robbie Henshaw, Irish rugby union player
* June 13 – Thomas Partey, Ghanaian footballer
*
June 14
Events Pre-1600
* 1158 – The city of Munich is founded by Henry the Lion on the banks of the river Isar.
* 1216 – First Barons' War: Prince Louis of France takes the city of Winchester, abandoned by John, King of England, and soon ...
– Gunna (rapper), Gunna, American rapper
* June 15 – Carolina Marín, Spanish badminton player
* June 16
** Park Bo-gum, South Korean actor
** Alex Len, Ukrainian basketball player
* June 17 – Jean Marie Froget, Mauritian swimmer
* June 20 – Sead Kolašinac, German-Bosinian footballer
* June 21
** Caroline Brasch Nielsen, Danish model
** Matej Palčič, Slovenian footballer
*
June 22
Events Pre-1600
* 217 BC – Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom.
* 168 BC – Battle of Pydna: Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus defeat Macedonian King Perseus ...
– Loris Karius, German footballer
*
June 25
Events Pre-1600
* 524 – The Franks are defeated by the Burgundians in the Battle of Vézeronce.
* 841 – In the Battle of Fontenay-en-Puisaye, forces led by Charles the Bald and Louis the German defeat the armies of Lothair I of ...
– Barney Clark (actor), Barney Clark, British actor
*
June 26
Events Pre-1600
* 4 – Augustus adopts Tiberius.
* 221 – Roman emperor Elagabalus adopts his cousin Alexander Severus as his heir and receives the title of Caesar.
* 363 – Roman emperor Julian is killed during the retreat fr ...
– Ariana Grande, American singer, songwriter, and actress
*
June 27
Events Pre-1600
* 1358 – The Republic of Ragusa is founded.
*1497 – Cornish rebels Michael An Gof and Thomas Flamank are executed at Tyburn, London, England.
* 1499 – Americo Vespucci, on Spanish financed trip, sights coa ...
– Gabriela Gunčíková, Czech singer
* June 28
** Bradley Beal, American basketball player
** Beanie Feldstein, American actress
** Jung Dae-hyun, South Korean singer
* June 29 – Alyssa Valdez, Filipino volleyball player
* June 30 – Alexander Evtushenko, Russian racing cyclist
July
![Cher Lloyd 2013](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Cher_Lloyd_2013.jpg)
* July 1 – Raini Rodriguez, American actress and singer
* July 2
** Yassine Meriah, Tunisian footballer
** Ieva Zasimauskaitė, Lithuanian singer
** Saweetie, American rapper
* July 3
** Mathias Anderle, American singer-songwriter and actor
** Vincent Lacoste, French actor
* July 4 – Mate Pavić, Croatian tennis player
* July 6 – Jana Burčeska, Macedonian singer
*
July 7
Events Pre-1600
* 1124 – The city of Tyre falls to the Venetian Crusade after a siege of nineteen weeks.
* 1456 – A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her execution.
* 1520 – Spanish ''conquistad ...
** Ally Brooke, American singer
** Shakhram Giyasov, Uzbekistani boxer
* July 8 – Ergys Kaçe, Albanian footballer
* July 9 – DeAndre Yedlin, American soccer player
* July 10 – Florian Sénéchal, French racing cyclist
* July 11 – Rebecca Bross, American gymnast
* July 14 – Sayaka Yamamoto, Japanese singer
* July 16
** Alexander Ipatov, Ukrainian-Turkish chess grandmaster
** Ganna Rizatdinova, Ukrainian rhythmic gymnast
* July 18
** Alex Esmail, British actor and wrestler
** Taemin, South Korean singer-songwriter, actor, and dancer.
* July 20
** Alycia Debnam-Carey, Australian actress
** Lucas Digne, French footballer
** Debrah Scarlett, Norwegian-Swiss singer
* July 21 – Haziq Kamaruddin, Malaysian archer
*
July 26
Events Pre-1600
* 657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I.
* 811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is se ...
** Elizabeth Gillies, American actress
** Taylor Momsen, American singer, songwriter, and model
** Stormzy, English rapper
* July 27
** Omer Atzili, Israeli footballer
** Jordan Spieth, American golfer
* July 28
** Harry Kane, English footballer
** Cher Lloyd, English singer
* July 30 – Andre Gomes, Portuguese footballer
August
![Maia Mitchell in 2019,2](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Maia_Mitchell_in_2019%2C2.jpg)
* August 1 – Leon Thomas III, American actor and singer
* August 10 – Andre Drummond, American basketball player
* August 11
** Gita Gutawa, Indonesian soprano, actress, and songwriter
** Alireza Jahanbakhsh, Iranian footballer
** Alyson Stoner, American actress, singer and dancer
* August 12
** Ewa Farna, Polish singer
** Luna (South Korean singer), Luna, South Korean singer, musical actress, and television presenter
*
August 13
Events Pre-1600
*29 BC – Octavian holds the first of three consecutive triumphs in Rome to celebrate the victory over the Dalmatian tribes.
* 523 – John I becomes the new Pope after the death of Pope Hormisdas.
* 554 – Emp ...
** Artur Gachinski, Russian figure skater
** Johnny Gaudreau, American ice hockey player
* August 15
** Clinton N'Jie, Cameroonian footballer
** Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain, English footballer
* August 16 – Cameron Monaghan, American actor
* August 17
** Ederson Moraes, Brazilian football goalkeeper
** Sarah Sjöström, Swedish swimmer
** Yoo Seung-ho, South Korean actor
* August 18
** Jung Eun-ji, South Korean singer, songwriter, actress, and voice actress
** Maia Mitchell, Australian actress and singer
* August 20 – Laura Glauser, French handballer
* August 24 – Marina Rajčić, Montenegrin handballer
* August 26 – Keke Palmer, American actress and singer
*
August 28
Events Pre-1600
* 475 – The Roman general Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his capital city, Ravenna.
* 489 – Theodoric, king of the Ostrogoths, defeats Odoacer at the Battle of Isonzo, forcing his way ...
** Sora Amamiya, Japanese voice actress
** Shira Naor, Israeli actress
* August 29
** Lucas Cruikshank, American comedian, actor, & YouTuber
** Liam Payne, British singer-songwriter
* August 30 – Paco Alcácer, Spanish footballer
*
August 31
Events Pre-1600
* 1056 – After a sudden illness a few days previously, Byzantine Empress Theodora dies childless, thus ending the Macedonian dynasty.
* 1057 – Abdication of Byzantine Emperor Michael VI Bringas after just one year ...
**Haruka Imai, Japanese figure skater
**Pablo Marí, Spanish footballer
September
![Mex-Kor (3) (cropped)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Mex-Kor_%283%29_%28cropped%29.jpg)
* September 1
** Ilona Mitrecey, French singer
** Silje Norendal, Norwegian snowboarder
* September 3 – Dominic Thiem, Austrian tennis player
* September 4 – Yannick Carrasco, Belgian footballer
* September 10 – Ruggero Pasquarelli, Italian singer and actor
* September 12 – Kelsea Ballerini, American singer
*
September 13
Events Pre-1600
* 585 BC – Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victories over the Sabines, and the surrender of Collatia.
* 509 BC – The Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus on Rome's Capitoline Hi ...
– Niall Horan, Irish singer-songwriter
*
September 15
Events Pre-1600
* 994 – Major Fatimid victory over the Byzantine Empire at the Battle of the Orontes.
*1440 – Gilles de Rais, one of the earliest known serial killers, is taken into custody upon an accusation brought against him by ...
** Dennis Schröder, German basketball player
** JP Tokoto, American basketball player
* September 16 – Bryson DeChambeau, American golfer
*
September 17 – Sofiane Boufal, French-Moroccan footballer
* September 20 – Julian Draxler, German footballer
* September 21 – Ante Rebić, Croatian footballer
*
September 23 – Pontus Åberg, Swedish ice hockey player
*
September 24
Events Pre-1600
*787 – Second Council of Nicaea: The council assembles at the church of Hagia Sophia.
*1568 – Spanish naval forces defeat an English fleet, under the command of John Hawkins, at the Battle of San Juan de Ulúa near ...
** Sonya Deville, American professional wrestler
** Ben Platt, American actor and singer
* September 25
** Rosalía (singer), Rosalía, Spanish singer, songwriter and record producer
** Abdel Nader, Egyptian-American basketball player
*
September 26
Events
Pre-1600
*46 BC – Julius Caesar dedicates a temple to Venus Genetrix, fulfilling a vow he made at the Battle of Pharsalus.
* 715 – Ragenfrid defeats Theudoald at the Battle of Compiègne.
*1087 – William II is crown ...
– Michael Kidd-Gilchrist, American basketball player
*
September 27
Events Pre-1600
*1066 – William the Conqueror and his army set sail from the mouth of the Somme river, beginning the Norman conquest of England.
* 1331 – The Battle of Płowce is fought, between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teuton ...
** Patrick Mölleken, German actor, dubber, and voice-over artist
** Monica Puig, Puerto Rican tennis player
* September 28 – Jodie Williams, British sprint runner
* September 29
** Lee Hong-bin, Hongbin, South Korean singer and actor
** Milad Mohammadi, Iranian footballer
** Carlos Salcedo, Mexican footballer
October
![Letitia Wright by Gage Skidmore](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/Letitia_Wright_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg)
* October 1 – Christian Bravo, Chilean footballer
* October 2
** Michy Batshuayi, Belgian footballer
** Lasha Talakhadze, Georgian weightlifter
* October 6 – Adam Gemili, British sprinter
* October 8
** Garbiñe Muguruza, Spanish professional tennis player
** Barbara Palvin, Hungarian model
** Molly Quinn, American actress
* October 9
** Lauren Davis, American tennis player
** Scotty McCreery, American singer
* October 16
** Wílmar Barrios, Colombian footballer
** Caroline Garcia, French tennis player
*
October 19
Events Pre-1600
* 202 BC – Second Punic War: At the Battle of Zama, Roman legions under Scipio Africanus defeat Hannibal Barca, leader of the army defending Carthage.
* 439 – The Vandals, led by King Gaiseric, take Carthage in ...
– Youna Dufournet, French artistic gymnast
* October 23 – Fabinho (footballer, born 1993), Fabinho, Brazilian footballer
* October 29 – India Eisley, American actress
* October 31
** Letitia Wright, Guyanese-British actress
**Zarah Sultana, British politician, Member of Parliament for Coventry South
November
![2017 FRIENDLY MATCH RUSSIA v ARGENTINA - Paulo Dybala 01](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/2017_FRIENDLY_MATCH_RUSSIA_v_ARGENTINA_-_Paulo_Dybala_01.jpg)
*
November 4
Events Pre-1600
*1429 – Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War: Joan of Arc liberates Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier.
*1493 – Christopher Columbus reaches Leeward Island and Puerto Rico.
*1501 – Catherine of Aragon (later Henry VIII's ...
– Elisabeth Seitz, German artistic gymnast
* November 13 – Julia Michaels, American singer and songwriter
*
November 14
Events Pre-1600 1601–1900
*1680 – German astronomer Gottfried Kirch discovers the Great Comet of 1680, the first comet to be discovered by telescope.
*1770 – James Bruce discovers what he believes to be the source of the Nile.
...
** Luis Gil (soccer), Luis Gil, American soccer player
** Samuel Umtiti, Cameroonian-French footballer
* November 15
** Paulo Dybala, Argentine footballer
** Melitina Staniouta, Belarusian individual rhythmic gymnast
* November 16
** Pete Davidson, American comedian and actor
** Dakota Earnest, American gymnast
*
November 17
Events Pre-1600
* 887 – Emperor Charles the Fat is deposed by the Frankish magnates in an assembly at Frankfurt, leading his nephew, Arnulf of Carinthia, to declare himself king of the East Frankish Kingdom in late November.
* 1183 & ...
– Taylor Gold, American Olympic snowboarder
* November 19 – Suso (footballer), Suso, Spanish footballer
* November 21 – Elena Myers, American motorcycle racer
* November 22 – Adèle Exarchopoulos, French actress
* November 25 – Danny Kent, English motorcycle racer
*
November 28
Events Pre-1600
* 587 – Treaty of Andelot
The Treaty of Andelot (or Pact of Andelot) was signed at Andelot-Blancheville in 587 between King Guntram of Burgundy and Queen Brunhilda of Austrasia. Based on the terms of the accord, Brun ...
** David Nofoaluma, Australian-Samoan rugby league player
** Stephanie Park, Canadian paralympic wheelchair basketball player
* November 29 – David Lambert (actor), David Lambert, American actor
*
November 30
Events Pre-1600
* 978 – Franco-German war of 978–980: Holy Roman Emperor Otto II lifts the siege of Paris and withdraws. 1601–1900
*1707 – Queen Anne's War: The second Siege of Pensacola comes to end with the failure of the Br ...
** Yuri Chinen, Japanese idol
** Mia Goth, English actress and model
December
![Meghan Trainor in 2020](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Meghan_Trainor_in_2020.png)
*
December 5
Events Pre-1600
* 63 BC – Cicero gives the fourth and final of the Catiline Orations.
* 633 – Fourth Council of Toledo opens, presided over by Isidore of Seville.
* 1033 – The Jordan Rift Valley earthquake destroys multipl ...
– Ross Barkley, English footballer
*
December 8
Events Pre-1600
* 395 – Later Yan is defeated by its former vassal Northern Wei at the Battle of Canhe Slope.
* 757 – The poet Du Fu returns to Chang'an as a member of Emperor Xuanzong's court, after having escaped the city durin ...
– AnnaSophia Robb, American actress, singer and model
*
December 11
Events Pre-1600
* 220 – Emperor Xian of Han is forced to abdicate the throne by Cao Cao's son Cao Pi, ending the Han dynasty.
* 361 – Julian enters Constantinople as sole Roman Emperor.
* 861 – Assassination of the Abba ...
– Yalitza Aparicio, Mexican actress and preschool teacher
* December 16 – Thiago Braz da Silva, Brazilian pole vaulter
*
December 17
Events Pre-1600
* 497 BC – The first Saturnalia festival was celebrated in ancient Rome.
* 546 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoths under king Totila plunder the city, by bribing the Byzantine garrison.
* 920 – Romanos I Lekap ...
– Kiersey Clemons, American actress and singer
* December 18
** Ana Porgras, Romanian artistic gymnast
** Riria, Japanese actress
*
December 20
Events Pre-1600
*AD 69 – Antonius Primus enters Rome to claim the title of Emperor for Nero's former general Vespasian.
* 1192 – Richard I of England is captured and imprisoned by Leopold V of Austria on his way home to England a ...
** Andrea Belotti, Italian footballer
** Yana Egorian, Russian sabre fencer
* December 22
** Raphaël Guerreiro, Portuguese footballer
** Meghan Trainor, American singer-songwriter, musician, and producer
Deaths
January
![André the Giant in the late '80s](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/Andr%C3%A9_the_Giant_in_the_late_%2780s.jpg)
*
January 5
Events Pre-1600
*1477 – Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is defeated and killed in a conflict with René II, Duke of Lorraine; Burgundy subsequently becomes part of France.
1601–1900
* 1675 – Battle of Colmar: The French a ...
** Juan Benet, Spanish writer (b. 1927)
** Yuri Bezmenov, Soviet KGB informant (b. 1939)
*
January 6
** Archduchess Elisabeth of Austria (1922–1993), Archduchess Elisabeth of Austria (b. 1922)
** Dizzy Gillespie, American jazz musician (b. 1917)
** Richard Mortensen, Danish painter (b. 1910)
** Rudolf Nureyev, Russian dancer (b. 1938)
*
January 9 – Paul Hasluck, Australian politician, 17th Governor-General of Australia (b. 1905)
*
January 13 – René Pleven, French politician, 88th Prime Minister of France (b. 1901)
* January 15 – Sammy Cahn, American lyricist (b. 1913)
* January 16
** Glenn Corbett, American actor (b. 1930)
** Jón Páll Sigmarsson, Icelandic strongman (b. 1960)
* January 18 – Eleanor Hibbert, Eleanor Burford, English writer (b. 1906)
*
January 20 – Audrey Hepburn, Belgian-born British actress (b. 1929)
* January 21
** Charlie Gehringer, American baseball player (b. 1903)
** Leo Löwenthal, German sociologist (b. 1900)
* January 22
** Kōbō Abe, Japanese author (b. 1924)
** Jim Pollard, American professional basketball player and coach (b. 1922)
* January 23
** Thomas A. Dorsey, American musician and Christian evangelist, "Father of Gospel Music" (b. 1899)
** Keith Laumer, American science fiction author (b. 1925)
*
January 24
Events Pre-1600
* 41 – Claudius is proclaimed Roman emperor by the Praetorian Guard after they assassinate the previous emperor, his nephew Caligula.
* 914 – Start of the First Fatimid invasion of Egypt.
*1438 – The Cou ...
** Gustav Ernesaks, Estonian composer and a choir conductor (b. 1908)
** Thurgood Marshall, American jurist, first African-American on the Supreme Court (b. 1908)
**
Uğur Mumcu
Uğur Mumcu (; 22 August 1942 – 24 January 1993)
um:ag was a , Turkish journalist and writer (b. 1942)
*
January 25 – Hedi Amara Nouira, Tunisian politician, 11th Prime Minister of Tunisia (b. 1911)
*
January 26
Events Pre-1600
* 661 – The Rashidun Caliphate is effectively ended with the assassination of Ali, the last caliph.
*1531 – The 6.4–7.1 Lisbon earthquake kills about thirty thousand people.
* 1564 – The Council of Tren ...
** Baron Axel Freiherr von dem Bussche-Streithorst, Axel von dem Bussche, German military officer, member of the anti-Hitler Resistance (b. 1919)
** Jan Gies, Dutch resistance fighter (b. 1905)
** Robert Jacobsen Danish artist (b. 1912)
** Jeanne Sauvé, Canadian politician, 23rd Governor General of Canada (b. 1922)
* January 27 – André the Giant, French professional wrestler (b. 1946)
* January 30 – Alexandra of Yugoslavia, Queen Alexandra of Yugoslavia (b. 1921)
February
![Lillian Gish-edit1](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Lillian_Gish-edit1.jpg)
* February 2 – Alexander Schneider, Lithuanian violinist (b. 1908)
* February 3 – Karel Goeyvaerts, Belgian composer (b. 1923)
* February 5
** Hans Jonas, German philosopher (b. 1903)
** Joseph L. Mankiewicz, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1909)
* February 6 – Arthur Ashe, American tennis player (b. 1943)
* February 9 – Saburo Okita, Japanese politician, Foreign Minister of Japan (b. 1914)
*
February 10
Events Pre-1600
* 1258 – Mongol invasions: Baghdad falls to the Mongols, bringing the Islamic Golden Age to an end.
* 1306 – In front of the high altar of Greyfriars Church in Dumfries, Robert the Bruce murders John Comyn, spar ...
** Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury, Prime Minister of France (b. 1914)
** Fred Hollows, New Zealand-Australian ophthalmologist (b. 1929)
* February 11 – Robert W. Holley, American biochemist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1922)
* February 18 – Kerry Von Erich, American professional wrestler (b. 1960)
* February 20 – Ferruccio Lamborghini, Italian automobile manufacturer (b. 1916)
* February 21 – Inge Lehmann, Danish seismologist and geophysicist (b. 1888)
*
February 22
Events Pre-1600
* 1076 – Having received a letter during the Lenten synod of 14–20 February demanding that he abdicate, Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
* 1316 – The Battle of Picotin, between Ferd ...
– Jean Lecanuet, French politician (b. 1920)
* February 23
** Phillip Terry, American actor (b. 1909)
** Robert Triffin, Belgian economist (b. 1911)
* February 24 – Bobby Moore, English footballer (b. 1941)
* February 25 – Eddie Constantine, American-born French actor and singer (b. 1917)
* February 27 – Lillian Gish, American actress (b. 1893)
* February 28
** Ishirō Honda, Japanese film director (b. 1911)
** Ruby Keeler, American actress (b. 1909)
March
![Polykarp Kusch](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Polykarp_Kusch.jpg)
* March 3
** Albert Sabin, American biologist, developer of the oral polio vaccine (b. 1906)
** Carlos Montoya, Spanish flamenco guitarist and a founder of the modern-day popular flamenco style of music (b. 1903)
*
March 5 – Cyril Collard, French filmmaker (b. 1957)
*
March 8
Events Pre-1600
* 1010 – Ferdowsi completes his epic poem ''Shahnameh''.
*1126 – Following the death of his mother, queen Urraca of León, Alfonso VII is proclaimed king of León.
* 1262 – Battle of Hausbergen between bou ...
– Billy Eckstine, American musician (b. 1914)
* March 10 – Dino Bravo, Italian-Canadian professional wrestler (b. 1949)
*
March 12 – Wang Zhen (general), Wang Zhen, Chinese politician, Vice President of the PRC (b. 1908)
* March 15 – Ricardo Arias (politician), Ricardo Arias, Panamanian politician, 29th President of Panama (b. 1912)
* March 16 – Muhammad Khan Junejo, Pakistani politician, 10th Prime Minister of Pakistan (b. 1932)
*
March 17
Events Pre-1600
* 45 BC – In his last victory, Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger in the Battle of Munda.
* 180 – Commodus becomes sole emperor of the Roman Empire at the age of ei ...
– Helen Hayes, American actress (b. 1900)
* March 20
** Polykarp Kusch, German-born American physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911)
** Paul László, Hungarian-born architect (b. 1900)
*
March 24
Events Pre-1600
* 1199 – King Richard I of England is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting in France, leading to his death on April 6.
*1387 – English victory over a Franco- Castilian-Flemish fleet in the Battle of Margate o ...
– John Hersey, American writer and journalist (b. 1914)
*
March 27
Events Pre-1600
*1309 – Pope Clement V imposes excommunication and interdiction on Venice, and a general prohibition of all commercial intercourse with Venice, which had seized on Ferrara, a papal fiefdom.
* 1329 – Pope John XXII ...
** Kate Reid, Canadian actress (b. 1930)
** Kamal Hassan Aly, Egyptian politician, 43rd Prime Minister of Egypt (b. 1921)
* March 30
** Andrée Brunet, French pair skater (b. 1901)
** Richard Diebenkorn, American painter (b. 1922)
* March 31
** Brandon Lee, American actor (b. 1965)
** Mitchell Parish, American lyricist (b. 1900)
** Nicanor Zabaleta, Spanish harpist (b. 1907)
April
![Cesar_chavez_crop2](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Cesar_chavez_crop2.jpg)
* April 1
** Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona, Juan de Borbón y Battenberg, Spanish royal, Count of Barcelona (b. 1913)
** Alan Kulwicki, U.S. race car driver (b. 1954)
** José María Lemus, Salvadorian politician and military officer, 33rd President of El Salvador (b. 1911)
* April 5 – Divya Bharti, Indian film actress (b. 1974)
*
April 8 – Marian Anderson, American contralto (b. 1897)
* April 10
** Chris Hani, South African politician (b. 1942)
** Donald Broadbent, British psychologist (b. 1926)
* April 11 – Rahmon Nabiyev, Tajik politician and Communist leader, 2nd President of Tajikistan (b. 1930)
* April 13 – Wallace Stegner, American writer (b. 1909)
* April 15
** Leslie Charteris, British author (b. 1907)
** John Tuzo Wilson, Canadian geophysicist and geologist (b. 1908)
* April 17 – Turgut Özal, Turkish statesman, 19th Prime Minister of Turkey, Prime Minister and 8th
President of Turkey
The president of Turkey, officially the president of the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanı), is the head of state and head of government of Turkey. The president directs the executive branch of the national govern ...
(b. 1927)
*
April 19
Events Pre-1600
* AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Piso's plot to kill the Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested.
* 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persi ...
–
David Koresh
David Koresh (; born Vernon Wayne Howell; August 17, 1959 – April 19, 1993) was an American cult leader who played a central role in the Waco siege of 1993. As the head of the Branch Davidians, a religious sect and offshoot of the Davidian Se ...
, American spiritualist, leader of the Branch Davidian religious cult (b. 1959)
*
April 20
Events Pre-1600
* 1303 – The Sapienza University of Rome is instituted by a bull of Pope Boniface VIII.
1601–1900
*1653 – Oliver Cromwell dissolves England's Rump Parliament.
*1657 – English Admiral Robert Blake destroys ...
– Cantinflas, Mexican comedian (b. 1911)
*
April 23 – Cesar Chavez, Mexican American civil rights activist (b. 1927)
* April 24 – Oliver Tambo, South African activist and former president of the African National Congress, ANC (b. 1917)
* April 29
** Michael Gordon (film director), American actor and director (b. 1906)
** Mick Ronson, English rock guitarist (b. 1946)
May
![Zeno Colò](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Zeno_Col%C3%B2.jpg)
*
May 1
Events Pre-1600
* 305 – Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman emperor.
* 880 – The Nea Ekklesia is inaugurated in Constantinople, setting the model for all later cross-in-square Orthodox churches.
*1169 – N ...
** Pierre Bérégovoy, French politician, 111th Prime Minister of France (b. 1925)
**
Ranasinghe Premadasa, Sri Lankan statesman, 3rd President of Sri Lanka (b. 1924)
* May 5 – Irving Howe, American writer (b. 1920)
* May 6 – Ann Todd, English actress (b. 1909)
* May 7 – Mary Philbin, American actress (b. 1902)
* May 8
** Avram Davidson, American writer (b. 1923)
** Alwin Nikolais, American choreographer (b. 1912)
*
May 9
Events Pre-1600
* 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria.
*1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy.
*1386 – England and Portugal formally rati ...
– Freya Stark, Dame Freya Stark, British explorer and travel writer (b. 1893)
* May 12 – Zeno Colò, Italian Olympic alpine skier (b. 1920)
*
May 16 – Madan Bhandari, Nepalese politician (b. 1951)
* May 21 – John Frost (British Army officer), John Frost, English army officer (b. 1912)
* May 22 – Mieczysław Horszowski, Polish pianist (b. 1892)
*
May 24 – Juan Jesús Posadas Ocampo Mexican Cardinal (b. 1926)
*
May 25
Events Pre-1600
* 567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans.
*240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet.
* 1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes Tol ...
– Horia Sima, Romanian fascist politician (b. 1907)
* May 30 – Sun Ra, American jazz musician (b. 1914)
June
![PatNixon](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/PatNixon.jpg)
* June 2
** Tahar Djaout, Algerian writer (b. 1954)
** Johnny Mize, American baseball player (b. 1913)
** Norton Simon, American industrialist and philanthropist (b. 1907)
* June 3 – Yeoh Ghim Seng, Singaporean politician, acting
President of Singapore
The president of Singapore is the head of state of the Republic of Singapore. The role of the president is to safeguard the reserves and the integrity of the public service. The presidency is largely ceremonial, with the Cabinet led by the prime ...
(b. 1918)
*
June 5 – Conway Twitty, American musician (b. 1933)
*
June 6 – James Bridges, American screenwriter and director (b. 1936)
* June 7 – Dražen Petrović, Croatian professional basketball player (b. 1964)
*
June 8
Events Pre-1600
* 218 – Battle of Antioch: With the support of the Syrian legions, Elagabalus defeats the forces of emperor Macrinus.
* 452 – Attila leads a Hun army in the invasion of Italy, devastating the northern province ...
** René Bousquet, head of the Vichy France Police (b. 1909)
** Severo Sarduy, Cuban poet (b. 1937)
* June 9
** Arthur Alexander, American musician (b. 1940)
** Alexis Smith, Canadian-born American actress and singer (b. 1921)
* June 10
** Arleen Auger, American soprano singer (b. 1939)
** Richard Webb (actor), Richard Webb, American actor (b. 1915)
* June 11
** Bernard Bresslaw, English actor (b. 1934)
** Ray Sharkey, American actor (b. 1952)
* June 13 – Deke Slayton, American astronaut (b. 1924)
* June 15
** John Connally, American politician (b. 1917)
** James Hunt, British racing driver (b. 1947)
* June 19
** William Golding, English writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911)
** Szymon Goldberg, Polish-born violinist (b. 1909)
*
June 22
Events Pre-1600
* 217 BC – Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom.
* 168 BC – Battle of Pydna: Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus defeat Macedonian King Perseus ...
– Pat Nixon, First Lady of the United States (b. 1912)
*
June 24
Events Pre-1600
*1312 BC – Mursili II launches a campaign against the Kingdom of Azzi-Hayasa.
* 109 – Roman emperor Trajan inaugurates the Aqua Traiana, an aqueduct that channels water from Lake Bracciano, northwest of Rome. ...
– Archie Williams, American Olympic athlete (b. 1915)
*
June 26
Events Pre-1600
* 4 – Augustus adopts Tiberius.
* 221 – Roman emperor Elagabalus adopts his cousin Alexander Severus as his heir and receives the title of Caesar.
* 363 – Roman emperor Julian is killed during the retreat fr ...
– Roy Campanella, American baseball player (b. 1921)
* June 28
** GG Allin, American punk singer (b. 1956)
** Boris Christoff, Bulgarian opera singer (b. 1914)
* June 29 – Héctor Lavoe, Puerto Rican salsa singer (b. 1946)
* June 30 – George McFarland, Spanky McFarland, American actor (b. 1928)
July
![King Baudouin of Belgium](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/King_Baudouin_of_Belgium.jpg)
* July 2 – Fred Gwynne, American actor and comedian (b. 1926)
* July 3
** Don Drysdale, American baseball player (b. 1936)
** Joe DeRita, American comedian (b. 1909)
* July 4
** Anne Shirley (actress), Anne Shirley, American actress (b. 1918)
** Lola Gaos, Spanish actress (b. 1921)
*
July 7
Events Pre-1600
* 1124 – The city of Tyre falls to the Venetian Crusade after a siege of nineteen weeks.
* 1456 – A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her execution.
* 1520 – Spanish ''conquistad ...
– Mia Zapata, American punk musician (b. 1965)
* July 8 – Abul Hasan Jashori, Bangladeshi Islamic scholar and freedom fighter (b. 1918)
* July 10 – Masuji Ibuse, Japanese writer (b. 1898)
* July 13 – Davey Allison, American stock car driver (b. 1961)
* July 14 – Léo Ferré, French poet and singer-songwriter (b. 1916)
* July 15
** Hugo Ballivián, Bolivian general, 44th President of Bolivia (b. 1901)
** David Brian, American actor (b. 1914)
* July 18 – Jean Negulesco, Romanian-born film director (b. 1900)
*
July 19
Events Pre-1600
*AD 64 – The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation and rages on for six days, destroying half of the city.
* 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is ...
– Gordon Gray (cardinal), Gordon Gray, Scottish cardinal (b. 1910)
*
July 25
Events Pre-1600
* 306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops.
* 315 – The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I's victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge. ...
– Nan Grey, American actress (b. 1918)
*
July 26
Events Pre-1600
* 657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I.
* 811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is se ...
– Matthew Ridgway, American army general (b. 1895)
* July 27 – Reggie Lewis, American basketball player (b. 1965)
* July 30 – Edward Bernard Raczyński, Polish aristocrat, diplomat, writer, and politician, 8th President of Poland (b. 1891)
* July 31
** Lola Alvarez Bravo, Mexican photographer (b. 1903)
** King Baudouin of Belgium (b. 1930)
August
![Stewart Granger 1970](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Stewart_Granger_1970.jpg)
* August 1 – Claire Du Brey, American actress (b. 1892)
* August 3 – James Donald, Scottish actor (b. 1917)
*
August 5
Events Pre-1600
*AD 25 – Guangwu claims the throne as Emperor of China, restoring the Han dynasty after the collapse of the short-lived Xin dynasty.
* 70 – Fires resulting from the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem are ...
– Eugen Suchoň, Slovak composer (b. 1908)
* August 10
** Euronymous, Norwegian guitarist (b. 1968)
** Irene Sharaff, American costume designer (b. 1910)
* August 16 – Stewart Granger, Anglo-American actor (b. 1913)
* August 19 – Salah Jadid, Syrian general and Ba'athist politician (b. 1926)
*
August 21 – Kasdi Merbah, Algerian politician, 4th Prime Minister of Algeria (b. 1938)
* August 22 – Dinmukhamed Kunaev, Kazakh Soviet communist politician (b. 1912)
* August 26 − Roy Raymond, American entrepreneur (b. 1947)
*
August 28
Events Pre-1600
* 475 – The Roman general Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his capital city, Ravenna.
* 489 – Theodoric, king of the Ostrogoths, defeats Odoacer at the Battle of Isonzo, forcing his way ...
– E. P. Thompson, English historian and activist (b. 1924)
* August 30 – Richard Jordan, American actor (b. 1937)
September
![Raymond-Burr-1968-cropped](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Raymond-Burr-1968-cropped.jpg)
* September 1 – Hasan Abdullayev, Azerbaijani physicist and scientist (b. 1918)
* September 4 – Hervé Villechaize, French-born actor (b. 1943)
* September 5 – Baek Du-jin, Korean politician, 4th Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea (South Korea) (b. 1908)
* September 7 – Christian Metz (critic), Christian Metz, French film theorist (b. 1931)
* September 9 – Helen O'Connell, American singer (b. 1920)
* September 11 – Erich Leinsdorf, Austrian conductor (b. 1912)
* September 12
** Raymond Burr, Canadian-American actor (b. 1917)
** Charles Lamont, Russian-born film director (b. 1895)
*
September 15
Events Pre-1600
* 994 – Major Fatimid victory over the Byzantine Empire at the Battle of the Orontes.
*1440 – Gilles de Rais, one of the earliest known serial killers, is taken into custody upon an accusation brought against him by ...
** Pino Puglisi, Italian Roman Catholic priest (b. 1937)
** Maurice Yaméogo, Burkinabé statesman, 1st President of Upper Volta, current Burkina Faso (b. 1921)
* September 16 – Oodgeroo Noonuccal, Australian political activist, artist, and educator (b. 1920)
* September 20 – Erich Hartmann, German World War II fighter pilot, highest-scoring fighter ace in world history (b. 1922)
*
September 22
Events Pre-1600
* 904 – The warlord Zhu Quanzhong kills Emperor Zhaozong, the penultimate emperor of the Tang dynasty, after seizing control of the imperial government.
* 1236 – The Samogitians defeat the Livonian Brothers of th ...
** Maurice Abravanel, Greek-born American conductor (b. 1903)
** Nina Berberova, Russian writer (b. 1901)
*
September 24
Events Pre-1600
*787 – Second Council of Nicaea: The council assembles at the church of Hagia Sophia.
*1568 – Spanish naval forces defeat an English fleet, under the command of John Hawkins, at the Battle of San Juan de Ulúa near ...
** Bruno Pontecorvo, Italian-Soviet nuclear physicist (b. 1913)
** Ian Stuart Donaldson, English singer (b. 1957)
*
September 27
Events Pre-1600
*1066 – William the Conqueror and his army set sail from the mouth of the Somme river, beginning the Norman conquest of England.
* 1331 – The Battle of Płowce is fought, between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teuton ...
– Jimmy Doolittle, American aviation pioneer (b. 1896)
* September 29 – Gordon Douglas (director), Gordon Douglas, American film director (b. 1907)
October
![River Phoenix](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/River_Phoenix.png)
*
October 5
Events Pre-1600
* 610 – Heraclius arrives at Constantinople, kills Byzantine Emperor Phocas, and becomes emperor.
* 816 – King Louis the Pious is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by the Pope.
* 869 – The Fourth Coun ...
– Agnes de Mille, American dancer and choreographer (b. 1905)
* October 7 – Cyril Cusack, Irish actor (b. 1910)
*
October 11
Events Pre-1600
*1138 – A massive earthquake strikes Aleppo; it is one of the most destructive earthquakes ever.
*1142 – A peace treaty ends the Jin–Song wars.
* 1311 – The peerage and clergy restrict the authority of Engl ...
– Andy Stewart (musician), Andy Stewart, Scottish singer and entertainer (b. 1933)
* October 12 – Leon Ames, American actor (b. 1903)
* October 17 – Criss Oliva, American metal guitarist (b. 1963)
*
October 21
Events Pre-1600
*1096 – A Seljuk Turkish army successfully fights off the People's Crusade.
*1097 – First Crusade: Crusaders led by Godfrey of Bouillon, Bohemund of Taranto, and Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse, begin the Siege of A ...
–
Melchior Ndadaye
Melchior Ndadaye (28 March 1953 – 21 October 1993) was a Burundian intellectual and politician. He was the first democratically elected and first Hutu president of Burundi after winning the landmark 1993 election. Though he moved to attempt to ...
, Burundian politician, 4th President of Burundi (b. 1953)
* October 22
** Jiří Hájek, Czech politician and diplomat (b. 1913)
** Said Mohamed Jaffar, former head of State of Comoros (b. 1918)
*
October 25
Events Pre-1600
* 285 (or 286) – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers.
* 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II a ...
** Danny Chan, Hong Kong singer (b. 1958)
** Vincent Price, American actor (b. 1911)
* October 26 – František Filipovský, Czech actor (b. 1907)
* October 28
** Doris Duke, American heiress and philanthropist (b. 1912)
** Juri Lotman, Russian formalist critic, semiotician, and culturologist (b. 1922)
* October 31
** Federico Fellini, Italian film director (b. 1920)
** Paul Grégoire, Archbishop of Montreal (b. 1911)
** River Phoenix, American actor (b. 1970)
November
![J](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/J.R.D._Tata_%281955%29.jpg)
*
November 1
Events Pre-1600
*365 – The Alemanni cross the Rhine and invade Gaul. Emperor Valentinian I moves to Paris to command the army and defend the Gallic cities.
* 996 – Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of Freisin ...
– Severo Ochoa, Spanish-born biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1905)
* November 3 – Leon Theremin, inventor of the theremin (b. 1896)
* November 7 – Adelaide Hall, American jazz singer, entertainer (b. 1901)
*
November 9 – Stanley Myers, British film composer (b. 1930)
* November 10 – Alberto Breccia, Argentine comics artist and writer (b. 1919)
*
November 12
Events Pre-1600
* 954 – The 13-year-old Lothair III is crowned at the Abbey of Saint-Remi as king of the West Frankish Kingdom.
*1028 – Future Byzantine empress Zoe takes the throne as empress consort to Romanos III Argyros.
* 13 ...
** Bill Dickey, American baseball player (b. 1907)
** H. R. Haldeman, American political aide and businessman (b. 1926)
** Anna Sten, Ukrainian-born American actress (b. 1908)
*
November 14
Events Pre-1600 1601–1900
*1680 – German astronomer Gottfried Kirch discovers the Great Comet of 1680, the first comet to be discovered by telescope.
*1770 – James Bruce discovers what he believes to be the source of the Nile.
...
– Sanzō Nosaka, Japanese Communist politician (b. 1892)
* November 15 – Luciano Leggio, Italian mobster (b. 1925)
* November 16
** Lucia Popp, Slovak soprano (b. 1939)
** Evelyn Venable, American actress (b. 1913)
* November 18 – Fritz Feld, German actor (b. 1900)
* November 19 – Leonid Gaidai, Soviet comedy director (b. 1923)
*
November 20
Events Pre-1600
* 284 – Diocletian is chosen as Roman emperor.
* 762 – During the An Shi Rebellion, the Tang dynasty, with the help of Huihe tribe, recaptures Luoyang from the rebels.
* 1194 – Palermo is conquered by Henry ...
– Emile Ardolino, American film director (b. 1943)
* November 21 – Bill Bixby, American actor (b. 1934)
* November 22
** Anthony Burgess, English author (b. 1917)
** Joseph Yodoyman, Chadian politician, 4th Prime Minister of Chad (b. 1950)
* November 24 – Albert Collins, American blues guitarist and singer (b. 1932)
*
November 28
Events Pre-1600
* 587 – Treaty of Andelot
The Treaty of Andelot (or Pact of Andelot) was signed at Andelot-Blancheville in 587 between King Guntram of Burgundy and Queen Brunhilda of Austrasia. Based on the terms of the accord, Brun ...
– Kenneth Connor, English comedian (b. 1916)
* November 29 – J. R. D. Tata, Indian aviator and businessman (b. 1904)
December
![Myrna Loy](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Myrna_Loy.jpg)
*
December 2
Events Pre-1600
*1244 – Pope Innocent IV arrives at Lyon for the First Council of Lyon.
* 1409 – The University of Leipzig opens. 1601–1900
*1697 – St Paul's Cathedral, rebuilt to the design of Sir Christopher Wren followin ...
–
Pablo Escobar, Colombian drug lord (b. 1949)
* December 4 – Frank Zappa, American guitarist and composer (b. 1940)
*
December 5
Events Pre-1600
* 63 BC – Cicero gives the fourth and final of the Catiline Orations.
* 633 – Fourth Council of Toledo opens, presided over by Isidore of Seville.
* 1033 – The Jordan Rift Valley earthquake destroys multipl ...
– Alexandre Trauner, Hungarian set designer (b. 1906)
* December 6 – Don Ameche, American actor (b. 1908)
*
December 7
Events Pre-1600
*43 BC – Marcus Tullius Cicero is assassinated in Formia on orders of Marcus Antonius.
* 574 – Byzantine Emperor Justin II, suffering recurring seizures of insanity, adopts his general Tiberius and proclaims him ...
** Wolfgang Paul, German physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1913)
**
Félix Houphouët-Boigny
Félix Houphouët-Boigny (; 18 October 1905 – 7 December 1993), affectionately called Papa Houphouët or Le Vieux ("The Old One"), was the first president of Ivory Coast, serving from 1960 until his death in 1993. A tribal chief, he wo ...
, 1st President of Ivory Coast (b. 1905)
* December 9 – Danny Blanchflower, Northern Ireland international footballer and football manager (b. 1926)
*
December 11
Events Pre-1600
* 220 – Emperor Xian of Han is forced to abdicate the throne by Cao Cao's son Cao Pi, ending the Han dynasty.
* 361 – Julian enters Constantinople as sole Roman Emperor.
* 861 – Assassination of the Abba ...
– Elvira Popescu, Romanian-French actress (b. 1894)
* December 12 –
József Antall
József Tihamér Antall Jr. ( hu, ifjabb Antall József Tihamér, ; 8 April 1932 – 12 December 1993) was a Hungarian teacher, librarian, historian, and statesman who served as the first democratically elected Prime Minister of Hungary, holdi ...
, 53rd
Prime Minister of Hungary
The prime minister of Hungary ( hu, Magyarország miniszterelnöke) is the head of government of Hungary. The prime minister and the Cabinet are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Parliament, to their political part ...
(b. 1932)
* December 14 – Myrna Loy, American actress (b. 1905)
*
December 15
Events Pre-1600
* 533 – Vandalic War: Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of Tricamarum.
* 687 – Pope Sergius I is elected as a compromise between antipopes Paschal and Theodor ...
– Penaia Ganilau, 1st President of Fiji (b. 1918)
* December 16
** Charles Willard Moore, American architect (b. 1925)
** Kakuei Tanaka, Japanese politician, 40th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1918)
** Moses Gunn, American actor (b. 1929)
*
December 17
Events Pre-1600
* 497 BC – The first Saturnalia festival was celebrated in ancient Rome.
* 546 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoths under king Totila plunder the city, by bribing the Byzantine garrison.
* 920 – Romanos I Lekap ...
– Janet Margolin, American actress (b. 1943)
* December 18 – Sam Wanamaker, American film director and actor (b. 1919)
* December 19 – Michael Clarke (musician), Michael Clarke, American musician (b. 1946)
*
December 20
Events Pre-1600
*AD 69 – Antonius Primus enters Rome to claim the title of Emperor for Nero's former general Vespasian.
* 1192 – Richard I of England is captured and imprisoned by Leopold V of Austria on his way home to England a ...
– W. Edwards Deming, American engineer, professor, author, lecturer, and management consultant (b. 1900)
*
December 21
Events Pre-1600
*AD 69 – The Roman Senate declares Vespasian emperor of Rome, the last in the Year of the Four Emperors.
*1124 – Pope Honorius II is consecrated, having been elected after the controversial dethroning of Pope Celes ...
– Gussie Nell Davis, American educator and founder of the Kilgore College Rangerettes (b. 1906)
* December 22
** Don DeFore, American actor (b. 1913)
** Alexander Mackendrick, British-American film director (b. 1912)
* December 23 – James Ellison (actor), James Ellison, American actor (b. 1910)
* December 24
** Norman Vincent Peale, American preacher and writer (b. 1898)
** Yen Chia-kan, Taiwanese politician and 2nd President of the Republic of China (b. 1905)
** Pierre Victor Auger, French physicist (b. 1899)
* December 25 – Princess Marie Adelheid of Lippe-Biesterfeld (b. 1895)
* December 28
** William L. Shirer, American journalist and historian (b. 1904)
** Howard Caine, American actor (b. 1926)
* December 29 – Frunzik Mkrtchyan, Armenian stage and film actor (b. 1930)
* December 31
** İhsan Sabri Çağlayangil, Turkish diplomat and politician (b. 1908)
** Zviad Gamsakhurdia, Georgian politician, 1st President of Georgia (b. 1939)
** Brandon Teena, American murder victim (b. 1972)
** Thomas Watson Jr., American businessman, political figure, and philanthropist (b. 1914)
Nobel Prizes
* Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Kary Mullis, Michael Smith (chemist), Michael Smith
* Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Economics – Robert W. Fogel, Douglass North
* Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Toni Morrison
* Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – Nelson Mandela and F. W. de Klerk
* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Russell Alan Hulse, Joseph Hooton Taylor, Jr.
* Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Physiology or Medicine – Richard J. Roberts, Phillip Allen Sharp
References
Sources
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