Events

January

January 1 January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the yea ...

– Air India Flight 855, a

Boeing 747 The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2022. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet times its size, t ...

passenger jet, crashes off the coast of

Bombay Mumbai (, ; also known as Bombay — the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the ''de facto'' financial centre of India. According to the United Nations, as of 2018, Mumbai is the second- ...

, killing 213. *

January 5 Events Pre-1600 *1477 – Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is defeated and killed in a conflict with René II, Duke of Lorraine; Duchy of Burgundy, Burgundy subsequently becomes part of France. 1601–1900 *1675 – Battle of Turckh ...

–

Bülent Ecevit Mustafa Bülent Ecevit (; 28 May 1925 – 5 November 2006) was a Turkish politician, statesman, poet, writer, scholar, and journalist, who served as the Prime Minister of Turkey four times between 1974 and 2002. He served as prime minister in ...

, of CHP, forms the new government of

Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...

(42nd government). *

January 6 Events Pre-1600 *1066 – Following the death of Edward the Confessor on the previous day, the Witan meets to confirm Harold Godwinson as the new King of England; Harold is crowned the same day, sparking a succession crisis that will eve ...

– The Holy Crown of Hungary (also known as

Stephen of Hungary Stephen I, also known as King Saint Stephen ( hu, Szent István király ; la, Sanctus Stephanus; sk, Štefan I. or Štefan Veľký; 975 – 15 August 1038), was the last Grand Prince of the Hungarians between 997 and 1000 or 1001, and the f ...

Crown) is returned to Hungary from the United States, where it was held since

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

. *

January 10 Events Pre-1600 *49 BC – Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signalling the start of civil war. * 9 – The Western Han dynasty ends when Wang Mang claims that the divine Mandate of Heaven called for the end of the dynasty and the be ...

–

Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal (23 September 1924 – 10 January 1978) was a Nicaraguan journalist and publisher. He was the editor of ''La Prensa'', the only significant opposition newspaper to the long rule of the Somoza family. He is a 19 ...

, a critic of the

Nicaragua Nicaragua (; ), officially the Republic of Nicaragua (), is the largest country in Central America, bordered by Honduras to the north, the Caribbean to the east, Costa Rica to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Managua is the cou ...

n government, is assassinated; riots erupt against Somoza's government. *

January 18 Events Pre-1600 * 474 – Seven-year-old Leo II succeeds his maternal grandfather Leo I as Byzantine emperor. He dies ten months later. * 532 – Nika riots in Constantinople fail. * 1126 – Emperor Huizong abdicates the Chi ...

– The

European Court of Human Rights The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR or ECtHR), also known as the Strasbourg Court, is an international court of the Council of Europe which interprets the European Convention on Human Rights. The court hears applications alleging that a ...

finds the British government guilty of mistreating prisoners in

Northern Ireland Northern Ireland ( ga, Tuaisceart Éireann ; sco, label= Ulster-Scots, Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, that is variously described as a country, province or region. Nort ...

, but not guilty of torture. *

January 22 Events Pre-1600 * 613 – Eight-month-old Constantine is crowned as co-emperor (''Caesar'') by his father Heraclius at Constantinople. * 871 – Battle of Basing: The West Saxons led by King Æthelred I are defeated by the Danelaw Vi ...

–

Ethiopia Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the ...

declares the ambassador of West Germany ''

persona non grata In diplomacy, a ' (Latin: "person not welcome", plural: ') is a status applied by a host country to foreign diplomats to remove their protection of diplomatic immunity from arrest and other types of prosecution. Diplomacy Under Article 9 of the ...

''. *

January 24 Events Pre-1600 * 41 – Claudius is proclaimed Roman emperor by the Praetorian Guard after they assassinate the previous emperor, his nephew Caligula. * 914 – Start of the First Fatimid invasion of Egypt. *1438 – The Cou ...

Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...

satellite

Kosmos 954 Kosmos 954 (russian: Космос 954) was a reconnaissance satellite launched by the Soviet Union in 1977. A malfunction prevented safe separation of its onboard nuclear reactor; when the satellite reentered the Earth's atmosphere the follow ...

burns up in Earth's atmosphere, scattering debris over Canada's

Northwest Territories The Northwest Territories (abbreviated ''NT'' or ''NWT''; french: Territoires du Nord-Ouest, formerly ''North-Western Territory'' and ''North-West Territories'' and namely shortened as ''Northwest Territory'') is a federal territory of Canada. ...

. **

Rose Dugdale Bridget Rose Dugdale (born 1941), better known as Rose Dugdale, is a former debutante who rebelled against her wealthy upbringing, becoming a volunteer in the militant Irish republican organisation, the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA). ...

and Eddie Gallagher become the first convicted prisoners to marry in prison since the establishment of the

Republic of Ireland Ireland ( ga, Éire ), also known as the Republic of Ireland (), is a country in north-western Europe consisting of 26 of the 32 counties of the island of Ireland. The capital and largest city is Dublin, on the eastern side of the island. A ...

. *

January 25 Events Pre-1600 * 41 – After a night of negotiation, Claudius is accepted as Roman emperor by the Senate. * 750 – In the Battle of the Zab, the Abbasid rebels defeat the Umayyad Caliphate, leading to the overthrow of the dynasty ...

– 27 – The

Great Blizzard of 1978 The Great Blizzard of 1978 was an historic winter storm that struck the Ohio Valley and Great Lakes regions of the United States as well as Southern Ontario in Canada from Wednesday, January 25 through Friday, January 27, 1978. It is often cited ...

strikes the

Ohio Valley The Ohio River is a long river in the United States. It is located at the boundary of the Midwestern and Southern United States, flowing southwesterly from western Pennsylvania to its mouth on the Mississippi River at the southern tip of Illinoi ...

and

Great Lakes The Great Lakes, also called the Great Lakes of North America, are a series of large interconnected freshwater lakes in the mid-east region of North America that connect to the Atlantic Ocean via the Saint Lawrence River. There are five lakes ...

, killing 70.

February

February 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1327 – The teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer. * 1411 – The First Peace of Thorn is signed in Thorn (Toruń), Mon ...

– Film director

Roman Polanski Raymond Roman Thierry Polański , group=lower-alpha, name=note_a (né Liebling; 18 August 1933) is a French-Polish film director, producer, screenwriter, and actor. He is the recipient of numerous accolades, including an Academy Award, two ...

skips bail and flees to France, after pleading guilty to charges of engaging in

sex Sex is the trait that determines whether a sexually reproducing animal or plant produces male or female gametes. Male plants and animals produce smaller mobile gametes (spermatozoa, sperm, pollen), while females produce larger ones (ova, oft ...

with a 13-year-old girl. *

February 5 Events Pre-1600 * 62 – Earthquake in Pompeii, Italy. * 1576 – Henry of Navarre abjures Catholicism at Tours and rejoins the Protestant forces in the French Wars of Religion. * 1597 – A group of early Japanese Christians ar ...

– 7 – The Northeastern United States blizzard of 1978 hits the

New England New England is a region comprising six states in the Northeastern United States: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. It is bordered by the state of New York to the west and by the Canadian provinces ...

region and the

New York metropolitan area The New York metropolitan area, also commonly referred to as the Tri-State area, is the largest metropolitan area in the world by urban area, urban landmass, at , and one of the list of most populous metropolitan areas, most populous urban agg ...

, killing about 100, and causing over US$520 million in damage. *

February 6 Events Pre-1600 * 1579 – The Archdiocese of Manila is made a diocese by a papal bull with Domingo de Salazar being its first bishop. 1601–1900 * 1685 – James II of England and VII of Scotland is proclaimed King upon the death of ...

–

King Dragon operation in Arakan Operation Dragon King ( my, နဂါးမင်း စစ်ဆင်ရေး), officially known as Operation Nagamin in English, was a military operation carried in 1978 out by the Tatmadaw and Ministry of Immigration and Population, immigr ...

: Burmese General

Ne Win Ne Win ( my, နေဝင်း ; 10 July 1910, or 14 or 24 May 1911 – 5 December 2002) was a Burmese politician and military commander who served as Prime Minister of Burma from 1958 to 1960 and 1962 to 1974, and also President of Burma ...

targets Muslim minorities in the village of Sakkipara. *

February 8 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Constantius III becomes co-Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 1238 – The Mongols burn the Russian city of Vladimir. *1250 – Seventh Crusade: Crusaders engage Ayyubid forces in the Battle of Al ...

–

United States Senate The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The composition and pow ...

proceedings are broadcast on

radio Radio is the technology of signaling and communicating using radio waves. Radio waves are electromagnetic waves of frequency between 30 hertz (Hz) and 300 gigahertz (GHz). They are generated by an electronic device called a transmit ...

for the first time. *

February 9 Events Pre-1600 * 474 – Zeno is crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. * 1003 – Boleslaus III is restored to authority with armed support from Bolesław I the Brave of Poland. * 1539 – The first recorded race is hel ...

– The

Budd Company The Budd Company was a 20th-century metal fabricator, a major supplier of body components to the automobile industry, and a manufacturer of stainless steel passenger rail cars, airframes, missile and space vehicles, and various defense products ...

unveils its first

SPV-2000 The Budd SPV-2000 is a self-propelled diesel multiple unit railcar built by the Budd Company between 1978 and 1981 for use on North American commuter railroads. The design was a successor to Budd's popular Rail Diesel Car (RDC) but based on the b ...

self-propelled railcar in

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Philadelphia, often called Philly, is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the sixth-largest city in the U.S., the second-largest city in both the Northeast megalopolis and Mid-Atlantic regions after New York City. Sinc ...

, United States. *

February 11 Events Pre-1600 *660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. * 55 – The death under mysterious circumstances of Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman empire, on the eve of his coming ...

** Pacific Western Airlines Flight 314, a

Boeing 737 The Boeing 737 is a narrow-body aircraft produced by Boeing at its Renton Factory in Washington. Developed to supplement the Boeing 727 on short and thin routes, the twinjet retains the 707 fuselage width and six abreast seating with two un ...

-200, crashes in

Cranbrook, British Columbia Cranbrook ( ) is a city in southeast British Columbia, Canada, located on the west side of the Kootenay River at its confluence with the St. Mary River (British Columbia), St. Mary's River. It is the largest urban centre in the region known as the ...

, killing 44 of the 50 people on board. **

Somalia Somalia, , Osmanya script: 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒖; ar, الصومال, aṣ-Ṣūmāl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constituti ...

mobilizes its troops to deal with an apparent

n attack. ** The People's Republic of China lifts a ban on works by

Aristotle Aristotle (; grc-gre, Ἀριστοτέλης ''Aristotélēs'', ; 384–322 BC) was a Greek philosopher and polymath during the Classical period in Ancient Greece. Taught by Plato, he was the founder of the Peripatetic school of phil ...

William Shakespeare William Shakespeare ( 26 April 1564 – 23 April 1616) was an English playwright, poet and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's nation ...

and

Charles Dickens Charles John Huffam Dickens (; 7 February 1812 – 9 June 1870) was an English writer and social critic. He created some of the world's best-known fictional characters and is regarded by many as the greatest novelist of the Victorian e ...

. *

February 13 Events Pre-1600 * 962 – Emperor Otto I and Pope John XII co-sign the ''Diploma Ottonianum'', recognizing John as ruler of Rome. *1322 – The central tower of Ely Cathedral falls on the night of 12th–13th. *1462 – The ...

–

Sydney Hilton Hotel bombing The Sydney Hilton Hotel bombing occurred on 13 February 1978, when a bomb exploded outside the Hilton Hotel in George Street, Sydney, Australia. At the time the hotel was hosting the first Commonwealth Heads of Government Regional Meeting (CH ...

: A bomb explodes outside the

Hilton Hotel Hilton Hotels & Resorts (formerly known as Hilton Hotels) is a global brand of full-service hotels and resorts and the flagship brand of American multinational hospitality company Hilton. The original company was founded by Conrad Hilton. As ...

in Sydney, Australia, killing a policeman and two civilians, and injuring several other people. *

February 15 Events Pre-1600 * 438 – Roman emperor Theodosius II publishes the law codex Codex Theodosianus * 590 – Khosrau II is crowned king of Persia. * 706 – Byzantine emperor Justinian II has his predecessors Leontios and Tiberi ...

–

Rhodesia Rhodesia (, ), officially from 1970 the Republic of Rhodesia, was an unrecognised state in Southern Africa from 1965 to 1979, equivalent in territory to modern Zimbabwe. Rhodesia was the ''de facto'' successor state to the British colony of S ...

, one of only two remaining white-ruled African nations (the other being South Africa), announces that it will accept

multiracial democracy Multiracial democracy is a democratic political system that is multiracial. It is cited as aspiration in South Africa after apartheid and as existing for the United States. See also * Cultural mosaic * Ethnopluralism * Intercultural relations * ...

within 2 years. *

February 19 Events Pre-1600 * 197 – Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum, the bloodiest battle between Roman armies. * 356 – The anti-paganism policy of Constantius II forbids the worship of pagan ...

–

Egyptian raid on Larnaca International Airport On 19 February 1978, Egyptian special forces raided Larnaca International Airport near Larnaca, Cyprus, in an attempt to intervene in a hijacking. Earlier, two assassins had killed prominent Egyptian newspaper editor Yusuf Sibai and then rounded ...

Egyptian Special Forces El-Sa‘ka Forces ( ar, قوات الصاعقة, lit=Thunderbolt Forces, translit=Kuwat El Sa‘ka), is an Egyptian Military of Egypt, military commando force established by Major General Jalal Mahmoud Fahmy Al-Haridi. High fitness is required and ...

attempt to rescue several hostages in Larnaca, Cyprus; 20 Egyptian commandos are injured or killed. *

February 25 Events Pre-1600 * 138 – Roman emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius as his son, effectively making him his successor. * 628 – Khosrow II, the last great Shah of the Sasanian Empire (Iran), is overthrown by his son Kavadh II. ...

– The first Legislative Assembly election is held in

Arunachal Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh (, ) is a state in Northeastern India. It was formed from the erstwhile North-East Frontier Agency (NEFA) region, and became a state on 20 February 1987. It borders the states of Assam and Nagaland to the south. It shares int ...

, India. *

February 27 Events Pre-1600 * 380 – Edict of Thessalonica: Emperor Theodosius I and his co-emperors Gratian and Valentinian II declare their wish that all Roman citizens convert to Nicene Christianity. * 425 – The University of Constantinople ...

– The first

global positioning satellite The Global Positioning System (GPS), originally Navstar GPS, is a satellite-based radionavigation system owned by the United States government and operated by the United States Space Force. It is one of the global navigation satellite sys ...

, the

Rockwell International Rockwell International was a major American manufacturing conglomerate involved in aircraft, the space industry, defense and commercial electronics, components in the automotive industry, printing presses, avionics and industrial products. R ...

-built Navstar 1, is launched by the United States.

March

March 1 Events Pre-1600 *509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first Roman triumph, triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia. * 293 – Emperor ...

–

Charlie Chaplin Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin Jr. (16 April 188925 December 1977) was an English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer who rose to fame in the era of silent film. He became a worldwide icon through his screen persona, the Tramp, and is consider ...

's remains are stolen from Cosier-sur-Vevey, Switzerland. *

March 2 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his ''bucellarii'' are almost cut o ...

– '' Soyuz 28'' (

Aleksei Gubarev Aleksei Aleksandrovich Gubarev (russian: Алексе́й Алекса́ндрович Гу́барев; 29 March 1931 – 21 February 2015) was a Soviet cosmonaut who flew on two space flights: Soyuz 17 and Soyuz 28. Biography Gubarev grad ...

Vladimír Remek Vladimír Remek (born 26 September 1948) is a Czech, formerly Czechoslovak, politician and diplomat, as well as a former cosmonaut and military pilot. He flew aboard Soyuz 28 from 2 to 10 March 1978, becoming the first and only Czechoslovak in ...

) is launched on a rendezvous with '' Salyut 6'', with the first cosmonaut from a country other than the USA or USSR (Czechoslovakian Vladimír Remek). *

March 3 Events Pre-1600 * 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan. * 1575 &nd ...

admits that its troops are fighting with the aid of

Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...

n soldiers, against

n troops in the

Ogaden Ogaden (pronounced and often spelled ''Ogadēn''; so, Ogaadeen, am, ውጋዴ/ውጋዴን) is one of the historical names given to the modern Somali Region, the territory comprising the eastern portion of Ethiopia formerly part of the Harargh ...

. **

attacks

Zambia Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central Africa, Central, Southern Africa, Southern and East Africa, although it is typically referred to as being in Southern Africa at its most cent ...

. ** The ''

New York Post The ''New York Post'' (''NY Post'') is a conservative daily tabloid newspaper published in New York City. The ''Post'' also operates NYPost.com, the celebrity gossip site PageSix.com, and the entertainment site Decider.com. It was established ...

'' publishes an article about

David Rorvik David Michael Rorvik (born 1944) is an American journalist and novelist who was the author of the 1978 book ''In his Image: The Cloning of a Man'' in which he claimed to have been part of a successful endeavor to create a clone of a human being. T ...

's book ''The Cloning of Man'', about a supposed cloning of a human being. * March 8 – The first radio episode of '' The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy'', by Douglas Adams, is transmitted on

BBC Radio 4 BBC Radio 4 is a British national radio station owned and operated by the BBC that replaced the BBC Home Service in 1967. It broadcasts a wide variety of spoken-word programmes, including news, drama, comedy, science and history from the BBC' ...

. * March 10 – '' Soyuz 28'' lands. * March 11 – Coastal Road massacre: Palestinian terrorists kill 34

Israel Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...

is. *

March 14 Events Pre-1600 * 1074 – Battle of Mogyoród: Dukes Géza and Ladislaus defeat their cousin Solomon, King of Hungary, forcing him to flee to Hungary's western borderland. * 1590 – Battle of Ivry: Henry of Navarre and the Huguen ...

–

Operation Litani The 1978 South Lebanon conflict (codenamed Operation Litani by Israel) began after Israel invaded southern Lebanon up to the Litani River in March 1978, in response to the Coastal Road massacre near Tel Aviv by Lebanon-based Palestinian mil ...

i forces invade

Lebanon Lebanon ( , ar, لُبْنَان, translit=lubnān, ), officially the Republic of Lebanon () or the Lebanese Republic, is a country in Western Asia. It is located between Syria to the north and east and Israel to the south, while Cyprus li ...

. *

March 15 Events Pre-1600 * 474 BC – Roman consul Aulus Manlius Vulso celebrates an ovation for concluding the war against Veii and securing a forty years' truce. *44 BC – The assassination of Julius Caesar takes place. * 493 – Odoa ...

–

and

sign a truce to end the

Ethio-Somali War The Ogaden War, or the Ethio-Somali War (, am, የኢትዮጵያ ሶማሊያ ጦርነት, ye’ītiyop’iya somalīya t’orineti), was a military conflict fought between Somalia and Ethiopia from July 1977 to March 1978 over the Ethiopi ...

. * March 16 – Former Italian Premier Aldo Moro is kidnapped by the Red Brigades; 5 bodyguards are killed. * March 17 – An oil tanker, '' Amoco Cadiz'', runs aground on the coast of

Brittany Brittany (; french: link=no, Bretagne ; br, Breizh, or ; Gallo language, Gallo: ''Bertaèyn'' ) is a peninsula, Historical region, historical country and cultural area in the west of modern France, covering the western part of what was known ...

. * March 18 **

Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Zulfikar (or Zulfiqar) Ali Bhutto ( ur, , sd, ذوالفقار علي ڀٽو; 5 January 1928 – 4 April 1979), also known as Quaid-e-Awam ("the People's Leader"), was a Pakistani barrister, politician and statesman who served as the fourth ...

Prime Minister of Pakistan The prime minister of Pakistan ( ur, , romanized: Wazīr ē Aʿẓam , ) is the head of government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Executive authority is vested in the prime minister and his chosen cabinet, despite the president of Paki ...

, is sentenced to death by hanging, for ordering the assassination of a political opponent. **

California Jam II California Jam II (also known as Cal Jam II) was a music festival held in Ontario, California, at the Ontario Motor Speedway on March 18, 1978, and produced by Leonard Stogel, Sandy Feldman, and Don Branker. More than 350,000 people attended. The ...

is held at the

Ontario Motor Speedway Ontario Motor Speedway was a motorsport venue located in Ontario, California. It was the first and only automobile racing facility built to accommodate major races sanctioned by all of the four dominant racing sanctioning bodies: USAC (and now In ...

Ontario, California Ontario is a city in southwestern San Bernardino County in the U.S. state of California, east of downtown Los Angeles and west of downtown San Bernardino, the county seat. Located in the western part of the Inland Empire metropolitan area, ...

, attracting more than 300,000 fans. *

March 22 Events Pre-1600 * 106 – Start of the Bostran era, the calendar of the province of Arabia Petraea. * 235 – Roman emperor Severus Alexander is murdered, marking the start of the Crisis of the Third Century. * 871 – Æthelr ...

– Karl Wallenda of

The Flying Wallendas The Flying Wallendas is a circus act and group of daredevil stunt performers who perform highwire acts without a safety net. They were first known as ''The Great Wallendas'', but the current name was coined by the press in the 1940s and has st ...

dies, after falling off a tight-rope between two hotels in

San Juan, Puerto Rico San Juan (, , ; Spanish for "Saint John") is the capital city and most populous municipality in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, an unincorporated territory of the United States. As of the 2020 census, it is the 57th-largest city under the jur ...

. * March 26 – The

control tower Air traffic control (ATC) is a service provided by ground-based air traffic controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and through a given section of controlled airspace, and can provide advisory services to aircraft in non-controlled airsp ...

and some other facilities of

New Tokyo International Airport Narita International Airport ( ja, 成田国際空港, Narita Kokusai Kūkō) , also known as Tokyo-Narita, formerly and originally known as , is one of two international airports serving the Greater Tokyo Area, the other one being Haneda Airport ...

, which were scheduled to open on March 31, are illegally occupied and damaged in a terrorist attack by

New Left The New Left was a broad political movement mainly in the 1960s and 1970s consisting of activists in the Western world who campaigned for a broad range of social issues such as civil and political rights, environmentalism, feminism, gay rights, g ...

activists, forcing a rescheduling of its opening date to May 20. *

March 28 Events Pre-1600 * AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate. * 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Di ...

San Francisco San Francisco (; Spanish language, Spanish for "Francis of Assisi, Saint Francis"), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Northern California. The city proper is the List of Ca ...

's City Council signs the United States's most comprehensive

gay rights Rights affecting lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people vary greatly by country or jurisdiction—encompassing everything from the legal recognition of same-sex marriage to the death penalty for homosexuality. Notably, , 3 ...

bill. ** '' Stump v. Sparkman'' (435 U.S. 349): The

Supreme Court of the United States The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that involve a point o ...

hands down a 5–3 decision, in a controversial case involving involuntary sterilization and judicial immunity.

April

April 1 Events Pre-1600 * 33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held. * 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne. *1081 – Alexios I Kom ...

New Zealand National Airways Corporation New Zealand National Airways Corporation, popularly known as NAC, was the national domestic airline of New Zealand from 1947 until 1978 when it amalgamated with New Zealand's international airline, Air New Zealand. The airline was headquartere ...

(the domestic airline of New Zealand) is merged with New Zealand's international airline, Air New Zealand. ** Dick Smith of

Dick Smith Foods Dick Smith Foods was a food brand created by Australian entrepreneur Dick Smith to provide Australian owned and produced alternatives to products from foreign-owned food companies. Generally, the brand focused on producing local alternatives to ...

tows a fake

iceberg An iceberg is a piece of freshwater ice more than 15 m long that has broken off a glacier or an ice shelf and is floating freely in open (salt) water. Smaller chunks of floating glacially-derived ice are called "growlers" or "bergy bits". The ...

Sydney Harbour Port Jackson, consisting of the waters of Sydney Harbour, Middle Harbour, North Harbour and the Lane Cove and Parramatta Rivers, is the ria or natural harbour of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The harbour is an inlet of the Tasman Sea (p ...

. ** The Philippine College of Commerce, through a presidential decree, is converted to the

Polytechnic University of the Philippines , mottoeng = ''Light of the Nation'' , type = Public coeducational research higher education institution , established = October 19, 1904 , closed = , religious_affiliation = ...

. *

April 2 Events Pre-1600 *1513 – Having spotted land on March 27, Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León comes ashore on what is now the U.S. state of Florida, landing somewhere between the modern city of St. Augustine and the mouth of the St. Jo ...

– ''

Dallas Dallas () is the List of municipalities in Texas, third largest city in Texas and the largest city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, the List of metropolitan statistical areas, fourth-largest metropolitan area in the United States at 7.5 ...

'' debuts on CBS, and gives birth to the modern day primetime soap opera. * April 3 – The

50th Academy Awards The 50th Academy Awards ceremony, presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), honored films released in 1977 and took place on April 3, 1978, at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles beginning at 7:00 p.m. PST ...

are held at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in

Los Angeles Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the largest city in the state of California and the second most populous city in the United States after New York City, as well as one of the world' ...

, with '' Annie Hall'' winning Best Picture. * April 7 – U.S. President

Jimmy Carter James Earl Carter Jr. (born October 1, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he previously served as th ...

decides to postpone production of the neutron bomb, a weapon that kills people with radiation, but leaves buildings relatively intact. *

April 9 Events Pre-1600 * 193 – The distinguished soldier Septimius Severus is proclaimed emperor by the army in Illyricum. * 475 – Byzantine Emperor Basiliscus issues a circular letter (''Enkyklikon'') to the bishops of his empire, s ...

– Somali

military officers An officer is a person who holds a position of authority as a member of an armed force or uniformed service. Broadly speaking, "officer" means a commissioned officer, a non-commissioned officer, or a warrant officer. However, absent context ...

stage an unsuccessful coup against the government of

Siad Barre Mohamed Siad Barre ( so, Maxamed Siyaad Barre, Osmanya script: ; ar, محمد سياد بري; c. 1910 – 2 January 1995) was a Somali head of state and general who served as the 3rd president of the Somali Democratic Republic from 1969 to 199 ...

; security forces thwart the attempt within hours, and several conspirators are arrested. *

April 14 Events Pre-1600 * 43 BC – Legions loyal to the Roman Senate, commanded by Gaius Pansa, defeat the forces of Mark Antony in the Battle of Forum Gallorum. * 69 – Vitellius, commanding Rhine-based armies, defeats Roman emperor Otho ...

–

1978 Tbilisi Demonstrations On 14 April 1978, demonstrations in Tbilisi, capital of the Georgian SSR, took place in response to an attempt by the Soviet government to change the constitutional status of languages in Georgia. After a new Soviet Constitution was adopted in Octo ...

: Thousands of Georgians demonstrate against an attempt by

authorities to change the constitutional status of the

Georgian language Georgian (, , ) is the most widely-spoken Kartvelian language, and serves as the literary language or lingua franca for speakers of related languages. It is the official language of Georgia and the native or primary language of 87.6% of its p ...

. *

April 18 Events Pre-1600 * 796 – King Æthelred I of Northumbria is murdered in Corbridge by a group led by his ealdormen, Ealdred and Wada. The ''patrician'' Osbald is crowned, but abdicates within 27 days. * 1428 – Peace of Ferrara betw ...

– The U.S. Senate votes, 68–32, to turn the

Panama Canal The Panama Canal ( es, Canal de Panamá, link=no) is an artificial waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean and divides North and South America. The canal cuts across the Isthmus of Panama and is a conduit ...

over to

Panama Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transcontinental country spanning the southern part of North America and the northern part of South America. It is bordered by Cos ...

nian control on December 31,

1999 File:1999 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The funeral procession of King Hussein of Jordan in Amman; the 1999 İzmit earthquake kills over 17,000 people in Turkey; the Columbine High School massacre, one of the first major school shootin ...

. * April 20 – A Soviet air defense plane shoots down

Korean Air Lines Flight 902 Korean Air Lines Flight 902 (KAL 902) was a scheduled Korean Air Lines flight from Paris to Seoul via Anchorage. On 20 April 1978, the Soviet air defense shot down the aircraft serving the flight, a Boeing 707, near Murmansk, Soviet Union, afte ...

; the plane makes an emergency landing on a frozen lake. *

April 22 Events Pre-1600 * 1500 – Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral lands in Brazil. * 1519 – Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés establishes a settlement at Veracruz, Mexico. * 1529 – Treaty of Zaragoza divides the eastern ...

** Izhar Cohen & the Alphabeta win the

Eurovision Song Contest 1978 The Eurovision Song Contest 1978 was the 23rd edition of the annual Eurovision Song Contest. It took place in Paris, France, following the country's victory at the with the song " L'Oiseau et l'Enfant" by Marie Myriam. Organised by the European ...

for

with their song ''A-Ba-Ni-Bi''. ** The One Love Peace Concert is held at National Heroes Stadium in

Kingston, Jamaica Kingston is the capital and largest city of Jamaica, located on the southeastern coast of the island. It faces a natural harbour protected by the Palisadoes, a long sand spit which connects the town of Port Royal and the Norman Manley Inter ...

Bob Marley Robert Nesta Marley (6 February 1945 – 11 May 1981; baptised in 1980 as Berhane Selassie) was a Jamaican singer, musician, and songwriter. Considered one of the pioneers of reggae, his musical career was marked by fusing elements o ...

unites two opposing political leaders at this concert, bringing peace to the civil war-ridden streets of the city. * April 25 –

St. Paul, Minnesota Saint Paul (abbreviated St. Paul) is the capital of the U.S. state of Minnesota and the county seat of Ramsey County. Situated on high bluffs overlooking a bend in the Mississippi River, Saint Paul is a regional business hub and the center o ...

becomes the second U.S. city to repeal its gay rights ordinance, after

Anita Bryant Anita Jane Bryant (born March 25, 1940) is an American singer known for anti-gay activism. She scored four "Top 40" hits in the United States in the late 1950s and early 1960s, including "Paper Roses" which reached No. 5 on the charts. She was th ...

's successful 1977 anti-gay campaign in Miami-Dade County, Florida. *

April 27 Events Pre-1600 * 247 – Philip the Arab marks the millennium of Rome with a celebration of the ''ludi saeculares''. * 395 – Emperor Arcadius marries Aelia Eudoxia, daughter of the Frankish general Flavius Bauto. She becomes one of ...

Afghanistan Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan,; prs, امارت اسلامی افغانستان is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia. Referred to as the Heart of Asia, it is bordere ...

's president

Daoud Khan Mohammed Daoud Khan ( ps, ), also romanized as Daud Khan or Dawood Khan (18 July 1909 – 28 April 1978), was an Afghan politician and general who served as prime minister of Afghanistan from 1953 to 1963 and, as leader of the 1973 Afghan coup d ...

is killed, and his family murdered, during a Marxist military coup d'état;

Nur Muhammad Taraki Nur Muhammad Taraki (; 14 July 1917 – 9 October 1979) was an Afghan revolutionary communist politician, journalist and writer. He was a founding member of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) who served as its General Secret ...

succeeds him, beginning the

Afghan war War in Afghanistan, Afghan war, or Afghan civil war may refer to: *Conquest of Afghanistan by Alexander the Great (330 BC – 327 BC) *Muslim conquests of Afghanistan (637–709) *Conquest of Afghanistan by the Mongol Empire (13th century), see als ...

which has not ended yet. **

Willow Island disaster The Willow Island disaster was the collapse of a cooling tower under construction at the Pleasants Power Station at Willow Island, West Virginia, on April 27, 1978. 51 construction workers were killed. It is thought to be the deadliest constr ...

– In the deadliest construction accident in United States history, 51 construction workers are killed when a

cooling tower A cooling tower is a device that rejects waste heat to the atmosphere through the cooling of a coolant stream, usually a water stream to a lower temperature. Cooling towers may either use the evaporation of water to remove process heat and ...

under construction collapses at the

Pleasants Power Station Pleasants Power Station is a 1.3-gigawatt (1,300 MW) coal power plant located near Belmont, West Virginia in Pleasants County, West Virginia. The plant is owned by Energy Harbor and began operations in 1979. The power plant was the site of th ...

Willow Island, West Virginia Willow Island is an unincorporated community in Pleasants County, West Virginia, United States. Willow Island is located on the Ohio River at the junction of West Virginia Route 2 and County Highway 10, west-southwest of Belmont. Willow Island h ...

. * April 30 – The Marxist "

Democratic Republic of Afghanistan The Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (DRA),, renamed the Republic of Afghanistan, in 1987, was the Afghan state during the one-party rule of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) from 1978 to 1992. The PDPA came to power ...

" is proclaimed, under pro-communist leader

May

* May 4 ** The

Battle of Cassinga The Battle of Cassinga also known as the Cassinga Raid or Kassinga Massacre was a controversial South African airborne attack on a South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO) military camp at the town of Cassinga, Angola on 4 May 1978. Cond ...

occurs in southern

Angola , national_anthem = " Angola Avante"() , image_map = , map_caption = , capital = Luanda , religion = , religion_year = 2020 , religion_ref = , coordina ...

. **

Communist Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, a s ...

activist Henri Curiel is murdered in Paris. * May 5 – Pete Rose of the

Cincinnati Reds The Cincinnati Reds are an American professional baseball team based in Cincinnati. They compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) National League Central, Central division and were a charter member of ...

gets his 3,000th major league hit. *

May 8 Events Pre-1600 * 453 BC – Spring and Autumn period: The house of Zhao defeats the house of Zhi, ending the Battle of Jinyang, a military conflict between the elite families of the State of Jin. * 413 – Emperor Honorius signs a ...

** Norway opens a

natural gas Natural gas (also called fossil gas or simply gas) is a naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons consisting primarily of methane in addition to various smaller amounts of other higher alkanes. Low levels of trace gases like carbo ...

field, in the Polar Sea. ** Reinhold Messner (Italy) and

Peter Habeler Peter Habeler (born 22 July 1942) is an Austrian mountaineer. He was born in Mayrhofen, Austria. He developed an interest in mountain climbing at age six.http://www.everesthistory.com/climbers/habeler Among his accomplishments as a mountaineer a ...

(Austria) make the first ascent of Mount Everest, without supplemental oxygen. *

May 9 Events Pre-1600 * 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria. *1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy. *1386 – England and Portugal formally rati ...

– In Rome, the corpse of former Italian prime minister Aldo Moro, is found in a red

Renault 4 The Renault 4, also known as the 4L (pronounced "Quatrelle" in French), is a small economy car produced by the French automaker Renault between 1961 and 1994. Although the Renault 4 was marketed as a short station wagon, its minimal rear overhang ...

. * May 12 – In

Zaire Zaire (, ), officially the Republic of Zaire (french: République du Zaïre, link=no, ), was a Congolese state from 1971 to 1997 in Central Africa that was previously and is now again known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Zaire was, ...

, rebels occupy the city of

Kolwezi Kolwezi or Kolwesi is the capital city of Lualaba Province in the south of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, west of Likasi. It is home to an airport and a railway to Lubumbashi. Just outside of Kolwezi there is the static inverter plant of ...

, the mining centre of the province of Shaba. The Zairean government asks the U.S., France and Belgium to restore order. * May 12– 13 – A group of

mercenaries A mercenary, sometimes also known as a soldier of fortune or hired gun, is a private individual, particularly a soldier, that joins a military conflict for personal profit, is otherwise an outsider to the conflict, and is not a member of any o ...

, led by

Bob Denard Robert Denard (born Gilbert Bourgeaud; 7 April 1929 – 13 October 2007) was a French soldier of fortune and mercenary. He served as the Military Leader of The Comoros twice with him first serving from 13 May 1978 to 15 December 1989 and again ...

, oust Ali Soilih in the

Comoros The Comoros,, ' officially the Union of the Comoros,; ar, الاتحاد القمري ' is an independent country made up of three islands in southeastern Africa, located at the northern end of the Mozambique Channel in the Indian Ocean. It ...

; ten local soldiers are killed. Denard forms a new government. *

May 15 Events Pre-1600 * 221 – Liu Bei, Chinese warlord, proclaims himself emperor of Shu Han, the successor of the Han dynasty. * 392 – Emperor Valentinian II is assassinated while advancing into Gaul against the Frankish usurper Arbog ...

– Students of the

University of Tehran The University of Tehran (Tehran University or UT, fa, دانشگاه تهران) is the most prominent university located in Tehran, Iran. Based on its historical, socio-cultural, and political pedigree, as well as its research and teaching pro ...

riot in

Tabriz Tabriz ( fa, تبریز ; ) is a city in northwestern Iran, serving as the capital of East Azerbaijan Province. It is the List of largest cities of Iran, sixth-most-populous city in Iran. In the Quri Chay, Quru River valley in Iran's historic Aze ...

; the army stops the riot. * May 17 –

's coffin is found some from the cemetery from which it was stolen, near Lake Geneva. *

May 18 Events Pre-1600 * 332 – Emperor Constantine the Great announces free distributions of food to the citizens in Constantinople. * 872 – Louis II of Italy is crowned for the second time as Holy Roman Emperor at Rome, at the age of 4 ...

** Soviet dissident

Yuri Orlov Yuri Fyodorovich Orlov (russian: Ю́рий Фёдорович Орло́в, 13 August 1924 – 27 September 2020) was a particle accelerator physicist, human rights activist, Soviet dissident, founder of the Moscow Helsinki Group, a founding ...

is sentenced to 7 years' hard labor, for distributing 'counterrevolutionary material'. **

Sarajevo Sarajevo ( ; cyrl, Сарајево, ; ''see Names of European cities in different languages (Q–T)#S, names in other languages'') is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a population of 275,524 in its a ...

is selected to host the

1984 Winter Olympics The 1984 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XIV Olympic Winter Games (Serbo-Croatian and Slovene: ''XIV. Zimske olimpijske igre''; Cyrillic: XIV Зимске олимпијске игре; mk, XIV Зимски олимписки игр ...

, and Los Angeles is selected to host the

1984 Summer Olympics The 1984 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the XXIII Olympiad and also known as Los Angeles 1984) were an international multi-sport event held from July 28 to August 12, 1984, in Los Angeles, California, United States. It marked the secon ...

. *

– 19 – Belgian and French paratroopers fly to Zaire, to aid the fight against the rebels. * May 19– 20 –

French Foreign Legion The French Foreign Legion (french: Légion étrangère) is a corps of the French Army which comprises several specialties: infantry, Armoured Cavalry Arm, cavalry, Military engineering, engineers, Airborne forces, airborne troops. It was created ...

paratroopers land in

, to rescue Europeans in the middle of a civil war. *

May 20 Events Pre-1600 * 325 – The First Council of Nicaea is formally opened, starting the first ecumenical council of the Christian Church. * 491 – Empress Ariadne marries Anastasius I. The widowed '' Augusta'' is able to choose her ...

– Mavis Hutchinson, 53, becomes the first woman to run across the U.S.; her trek took 69 days. *

May 22 Events Pre-1600 * 192 – Dong Zhuo is assassinated by his adopted son Lü Bu. * 760 – Fourteenth recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 853 – A Byzantine fleet sacks and destroys undefended Damietta in Egypt. * 11 ...

– Exiled leaders

Ahmed Abdallah Ahmed Abdallah Abderemane ( ar, أحمد عبد الله عبد الرحمن, , 12 June 1919 – 26 November 1989) was a Comorian politician. He was a member of the French Senate from 1959 to 1973, and President of the Comoros from 25 Octobe ...

and

Muhammad Ahmad Muhammad Ahmad ( ar, محمد أحمد ابن عبد الله; 12 August 1844 – 22 June 1885) was a Nubian Sufi religious leader of the Samaniyya order in Sudan who, as a youth, studied Sunni Islam. In 1881, he claimed to be the Mahdi, an ...

return to the

. * May 25 ** First

Unabomber Theodore John Kaczynski ( ; born May 22, 1942), also known as the Unabomber (), is an American domestic terrorist and former mathematics professor. Between 1978 and 1995, Kaczynski killed three people and injured 23 others in a nationwide ...

attack: A bomb explodes in the security section of

Northwestern University Northwestern University is a private research university in Evanston, Illinois. Founded in 1851, Northwestern is the oldest chartered university in Illinois and is ranked among the most prestigious academic institutions in the world. Charte ...

, wounding a security guard. ** In a rematch of the previous season, the

Montreal Canadiens The Montreal CanadiensEven in English, the French spelling is always used instead of ''Canadians''. The French spelling of ''Montréal'' is also sometimes used in the English media. (french: link=no, Les Canadiens de Montréal), officially ...

again defeat the

Boston Bruins The Boston Bruins are a professional ice hockey team based in Boston. The Bruins compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Atlantic Division in the Eastern Conference. The team has been in existence since 1924, making t ...

, this time four games to two, to win the

Stanley Cup The Stanley Cup (french: La Coupe Stanley) is the championship trophy awarded annually to the National Hockey League (NHL) playoff champion. It is the oldest existing trophy to be awarded to a professional sports franchise in North America, an ...

. *

May 26 Events Pre-1600 * 17 – Germanicus celebrates a triumph in Rome for his victories over the Cherusci, Chatti, and other German tribes west of the Elbe. * 451 – Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sasanian Empire take ...

– In

Atlantic City, New Jersey Atlantic City, often known by its initials A.C., is a coastal resort city in Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States. The city is known for its casinos, boardwalk, and beaches. In 2020, the city had a population of 38,497.

, Resorts International, the first legal

casino A casino is a facility for certain types of gambling. Casinos are often built near or combined with hotels, resorts, restaurants, retail shopping, cruise ships, and other tourist attractions. Some casinos are also known for hosting live entertai ...

in the eastern United States, opens. * May 28 –

Indianapolis 500 The Indianapolis 500, formally known as the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, and commonly called the Indy 500, is an annual automobile race held at Indianapolis Motor Speedway (IMS) in Speedway, Indiana, United States, an enclave suburb of Indi ...

: Al Unser wins his third race, and the first for car owner Jim Hall. * May 29 – Ali Soilih is found dead in the

, allegedly shot when trying to escape.

June

June 1 Events Pre-1600 *1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen people, Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu. *1252 – Alfonso X is pr ...

– The

1978 FIFA World Cup The 1978 FIFA World Cup was the 11th edition of the FIFA World Cup, a quadrennial international football world championship tournament among the men's senior national teams. It was held in Argentina between 1 and 25 June. The Cup was won by t ...

starts in

Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...

. * June 10 – Affirmed holds off Alydar to win the

Belmont Stakes The Belmont Stakes is an American Grade I stakes race for three-year-old Thoroughbreds run at Belmont Park in Elmont, New York. It is run over 1.5 miles (2,400 m). Colts and geldings carry a weight of ; fillies carry . The race, nicknamed Th ...

and becomes the last horse to win the U.S. Triple Crown of Horse Racing until

2015 File:2015 Events Collage new.png, From top left, clockwise: Civil service in remembrance of November 2015 Paris attacks; Germanwings Flight 9525 was purposely crashed into the French Alps; the rubble of residences in Kathmandu following the Apri ...

. * June 15 – King Hussein of Jordan marries 26-year-old Lisa Halaby, who takes the name

Queen Noor Queen or QUEEN may refer to: Monarchy * Queen regnant, a female monarch of a Kingdom ** List of queens regnant * Queen consort, the wife of a reigning king * Queen dowager, the widow of a king * Queen mother, a queen dowager who is the mother ...

. * June 19 ** England cricketer

Ian Botham Ian Terence Botham, Baron Botham, (born 24 November 1955) is an English cricket commentator, member of the House of Lords, a former cricketer who has been chairman of Durham County Cricket Club since 2017 and charity fundraiser. Hailed as one ...

becomes the first man in the history of the game to score a century and take eight wickets in one innings of a Test match. ** '' Garfield's'' first

comic strip A comic strip is a sequence of drawings, often cartoons, arranged in interrelated panels to display brief humor or form a narrative, often serialized, with text in balloons and captions. Traditionally, throughout the 20th and into the 21st ...

, originally published locally as ''Jon'' in 1976, goes into nationwide syndication. *

June 20 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius' battles Attila the Hun. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory. * 1180 – First Battle of Uji, starting ...

– The 6.2 Thessaloniki earthquake shakes Northern Greece with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (''Violent''). Fifty people were killed. *

June 21 Events Pre-1600 * 533 – A Byzantine expeditionary fleet under Belisarius sails from Constantinople to attack the Vandals in Africa, via Greece and Sicily (approximate date). * 1307 – Külüg Khan is enthroned as Khagan of the Mo ...

** A shootout between

Provisional IRA The Irish Republican Army (IRA; ), also known as the Provisional Irish Republican Army, and informally as the Provos, was an Irish republicanism, Irish republican paramilitary organisation that sought to end British rule in Northern Ireland, fa ...

members and the British Army in Northern Ireland leaves one civilian and three IRA men dead. **

1978 Iranian Chinook shootdown The 1978 Iranian Chinook shootdown was an incident on 21 June 1978, when four Boeing CH-47 Chinooks of the Imperial Iranian Air Force strayed into Soviet airspace during a training mission, with the result being that two of them were shot down b ...

: Iranian helicopters stray into Soviet airspace and are shot down. * June 22 –

Charon In Greek mythology, Charon or Kharon (; grc, Χάρων) is a psychopomp, the ferryman of Hades, the Greek underworld. He carries the souls of those who have been given funeral rites across the rivers Acheron and Styx, which separate the wo ...

, a satellite of

Pluto Pluto (minor-planet designation: 134340 Pluto) is a dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt, a ring of trans-Neptunian object, bodies beyond the orbit of Neptune. It is the ninth-largest and tenth-most-massive known object to directly orbit the S ...

, is discovered. * June 24 – The Gay & Lesbian Solidarity March is held in Sydney, Australia to mark the 9th Anniversary of the

Stonewall riots The Stonewall riots (also known as the Stonewall uprising, Stonewall rebellion, or simply Stonewall) were a series of spontaneous protests by members of the gay community in response to a police raid that began in the early morning hours of Ju ...

(which later becomes the annual Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras; later incorporating a festival). * June 25 **

defeats

the Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...

3–1 after

extra time Overtime or extra time is an additional period of play specified under the rules of a sport to bring a game to a decision and avoid declaring the match a tie or draw where the scores are the same. In some sports, this extra period is played onl ...

to win the

. ** The

rainbow flag A rainbow flag is a multicolored flag consisting of the colors of the rainbow. The designs differ, but many of the colors are based on the spectral colors of the visible light spectrum. The LGBT flag introduced in 1978 is the most recognized u ...

of the

LGBT ' is an initialism that stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender. In use since the 1990s, the initialism, as well as some of its common variants, functions as an umbrella term for sexuality and gender identity. The LGBT term is a ...

movement flies for the first time (in its original form) at the San Francisco Gay Freedom Day Parade. * June 26 – A bombing by Breton nationalists causes destruction in the

Palace of Versailles The Palace of Versailles ( ; french: Château de Versailles ) is a former royal residence built by King Louis XIV located in Versailles, Yvelines, Versailles, about west of Paris, France. The palace is owned by the French Republic and since 19 ...

. *

June 30 Events Pre-1600 * 296 – Pope Marcellinus begins his papacy. * 763 – The Byzantine Empire, Byzantine army of emperor Constantine V defeats the First Bulgarian Empire, Bulgarian forces in the Battle of Anchialus (763), Battle of Anc ...

–

begins a massive offensive in

Eritrea Eritrea ( ; ti, ኤርትራ, Ertra, ; ar, إرتريا, ʾIritriyā), officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa region of Eastern Africa, with its capital and largest city at Asmara. It is bordered by Ethiopia ...

July

* July 3 – The Amazon Co-operation Treaty (ACT) is signed. * July 7 – The

Solomon Islands Solomon Islands is an island country consisting of six major islands and over 900 smaller islands in Oceania, to the east of Papua New Guinea and north-west of Vanuatu. It has a land area of , and a population of approx. 700,000. Its capita ...

become independent from the United Kingdom. *

July 11 Events Pre-1600 * 472 – After being besieged in Rome by his own generals, Western Roman Emperor Anthemius is captured in St. Peter's Basilica and put to death. * 813 – Byzantine emperor Michael I, under threat by conspiracies, abd ...

– At least 217 tourists die in an explosion of a tanker-truck at a campsite in

Costa Daurada The Costa Daurada (, es, Costa Dorada, meaning in English "Golden Coast") is an area on the coast of Catalonia, Spain, between Cunit and Alcanar on the Mediterranean Sea. Its traditional banks are the deltas of the Foix and Ebro rivers, although ...

, Spain. * July 24 – In

Acapulco Acapulco de Juárez (), commonly called Acapulco ( , also , nah, Acapolco), is a city and major seaport in the state of Guerrero on the Pacific Coast of Mexico, south of Mexico City. Acapulco is located on a deep, semicircular bay and has bee ...

Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...

, Margaret Gardiner of

South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring countri ...

is crowned

Miss Universe Miss Universe is an annual international beauty pageant that is run by a United States and Thailand based Miss Universe Organization.Natalie Tadena (July 2, 2015"Donald Trump's Miss USA Pageant Lands on Reelz Cable Channel". ''The Wall Stre ...

. *

July 25 Events Pre-1600 * 306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops. * 315 – The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I's victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge. ...

Cerro Maravilla murders The Cerro Maravilla murders, also known as the Cerro Maravilla massacre, occurred on July 25, 1978, at Cerro Maravilla, a mountain in Ponce, Puerto Rico,

: Two Puerto Rican pro-independence activists are killed in a police ambush. ** Louise Brown, the world's first

test tube baby In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a process of fertilisation where an ovum, egg is combined with spermatozoon, sperm in vitro ("in glass"). The process involves monitoring and stimulating an individual's Ovulation cycle, ovulatory process, remo ...

, is born in

Oldham Oldham is a large town in Greater Manchester, England, amid the Pennines and between the rivers Irk and Medlock, southeast of Rochdale and northeast of Manchester. It is the administrative centre of the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, wh ...

Greater Manchester Greater Manchester is a metropolitan county and combined authority, combined authority area in North West England, with a population of 2.8 million; comprising ten metropolitan boroughs: City of Manchester, Manchester, City of Salford, Salford ...

, UK.

August

* August 12 – The

Treaty of Peace and Friendship between Japan and the People's Republic of China The Treaty of Peace and Friendship between Japan and the People's Republic of China (Japanese language, Japanese: , Chinese language, Chinese: 中华人民共和国和日本国和平友好条约, pinyin: ''Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó hé Rìb ...

is concluded. * August 17 – '' Double Eagle II'' becomes the first balloon to successfully cross the Atlantic Ocean, flying from Presque Isle, Maine, to

Miserey Miserey () is a commune in the Eure department in the Normandy region in Northern France. In 2017, it had a population of 629. History On 23 August 1944, the first Recon Platoon of the 823rd Tank Destroyer Bn., 30th Infantry Division was order ...

, France. * August 22 – Sandinistas seize the Nicaraguan National Palace. * August 26 – Pope John Paul I succeeds Pope Paul VI as the 263rd Pope.

September

* September 5 –

Camp David Accords The Camp David Accords were a pair of political agreements signed by Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin on 17 September 1978, following twelve days of secret negotiations at Camp David, the country retrea ...

Menachem Begin Menachem Begin ( ''Menaḥem Begin'' (); pl, Menachem Begin (Polish documents, 1931–1937); ''Menakhem Volfovich Begin''; 16 August 1913 – 9 March 1992) was an Israeli politician, founder of Likud and the sixth Prime Minister of Israel. B ...

and

Anwar Sadat Muhammad Anwar el-Sadat, (25 December 1918 – 6 October 1981) was an Egyptian politician and military officer who served as the third president of Egypt, from 15 October 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalist army officers on 6 ...

begin the peace process at Camp David, Maryland. *

September 7 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – A Roman army under Titus occupies and plunders Jerusalem. * 878 – Louis the Stammerer is crowned as king of West Francia by Pope John VIII. *1159 – Pope Alexander III is chosen. *1191 – Third Cru ...

– In

London London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a majo ...

, UK, a poison-filled pellet, supposedly injected using an umbrella, fatally poisons

Bulgaria Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria,, ) is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern flank of the Balkans, and is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedon ...

n defector Georgi Markov; he dies four days later. * September 8 – Iranian Army troops open fire on rioters in

Tehran Tehran (; fa, تهران ) is the largest city in Tehran Province and the capital of Iran. With a population of around 9 million in the city and around 16 million in the larger metropolitan area of Greater Tehran, Tehran is the most popul ...

, killing 122, wounding 4,000. * September 12 – The Declaration of Alma Ata is signed and released in the Capital City of Kazakh, USSR. Known as the core document on Primary Health Care Practices and Equity in Healthcare, it paved the way for the modern-day State-sponsored Healthcare System. *

September 16 Events Pre-1600 * 681 – Pope Honorius I is posthumously excommunicated by the Sixth Ecumenical Council. *1400 – Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers. 1601–1900 * 1620 – A determined band of 35 relig ...

** General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq officially assumes the post of

President of Pakistan The president of Pakistan ( ur, , translit=s̤adr-i Pākiṣṭān), officially the President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is the ceremonial head of state of Pakistan and the commander-in-chief of the Pakistan Armed Forces.Tabas earthquake The 1978 Tabas earthquake occurred on September 16 at 19:05:55 local time in central Iran. The shock measured 7.4 on the moment magnitude scale and had a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX+ (''Violent''). The death toll was in the range of 15,000� ...

affects the city of Tabas,

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). At least 15,000 people were killed. *

September 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1111 – Highest Galician nobility led by Pedro Fróilaz de Traba and the bishop Diego Gelmírez crown Alfonso VII as "King of Galicia". * 1176 – The Battle of Myriokephalon is the last attempt by the Byzantine Empi ...

– The

are signed between Israel and Egypt. * September 19 ** Police in the

West Midlands West or Occident is one of the four cardinal directions or points of the compass. It is the opposite direction from east and is the direction in which the Sun sets on the Earth. Etymology The word "west" is a Germanic word passed into some ...

of England launch a massive murder hunt, when 13-year-old newspaper boy

Carl Bridgewater The Bridgewater Four are four men who were tried and found guilty of killing 13-year-old paperboy Carl Bridgewater, who was shot in the head at close range near Stourbridge, England, in 1978. In February 1997, after almost two decades of imprisonm ...

is shot dead after disturbing a burglary. ** The

join the United Nations. * September 20 – General

Rahimuddin Khan Rahimuddin Khan (21 July 1926 – 22 August 2022) was a general of the Pakistan Army who served as the 4th Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee from 1984 to 1987, after serving as the 7th governor of Balochistan from 1978 to 1984. He als ...

assumes the post of

Martial Law Martial law is the imposition of direct military control of normal civil functions or suspension of civil law by a government, especially in response to an emergency where civil forces are overwhelmed, or in an occupied territory. Use Marti ...

Governor of

Balochistan Balochistan ( ; bal, بلۏچستان; also romanised as Baluchistan and Baluchestan) is a historical region in Western and South Asia, located in the Iranian plateau's far southeast and bordering the Indian Plate and the Arabian Sea coastline. ...

. *

September 23 Events Pre-1600 * 38 – Drusilla, Caligula's sister who died in June, with whom the emperor is said to have an incestuous relationship, is deified. * 1122 – Pope Callixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V agree to the Concordat ...

–

California Angels The Los Angeles Angels are an American professional baseball team based in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. The Angels compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) West division. Since 1966, the team ha ...

outfielder

Lyman Bostock Lyman Wesley Bostock Jr. (November 22, 1950 – September 23, 1978) was an American professional baseball player. He played Major League Baseball for four seasons, as an outfielder for the Minnesota Twins and California Angels (1978), with a li ...

is shot to death at age 27 while visiting friends in

Gary, Indiana Gary is a city in Lake County, Indiana, United States. The city has been historically dominated by major industrial activity and is home to U.S. Steel's Gary Works, the largest steel mill complex in North America. Gary is located along the ...

during an Angels' road trip in

Chicago, Illinois (''City in a Garden''); I Will , image_map = , map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago , coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name ...

. *

September 24 Events Pre-1600 *787 – Second Council of Nicaea: The council assembles at the church of Hagia Sophia. *1568 – Spanish naval forces defeat an English fleet, under the command of John Hawkins, at the Battle of San Juan de Ulúa near ...

** PSA Flight 182, a Boeing 727, collides with a small private airplane and crashes in

San Diego San Diego ( , ; ) is a city on the Pacific Ocean coast of Southern California located immediately adjacent to the Mexico–United States border. With a 2020 population of 1,386,932, it is the List of United States cities by population, eigh ...

California California is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, located along the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the List of states and territori ...

; 144 are killed. **

Giuseppe Verdi Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi (; 9 or 10 October 1813 – 27 January 1901) was an Italian composer best known for his operas. He was born near Busseto to a provincial family of moderate means, receiving a musical education with the h ...

's opera ''

Otello ''Otello'' () is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Arrigo Boito, based on Shakespeare's play ''Othello''. It was Verdi's penultimate opera, first performed at the Teatro alla Scala, Milan, on 5 February 1887. Th ...

'' makes its first appearance on ''

Live from the Met ''Live from the Metropolitan Opera'' (or: ''Live from the Met'') was an American television program that presented performances of complete operas from the Metropolitan Opera in New York City on the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) network. Th ...

'', in a complete production of the opera starring Jon Vickers. This is the first complete television broadcast of the opera in the U.S. since the historic 1948 one. * September 27 – The last

Forest Brother The Guerrilla war in the Baltic states was an armed struggle which was waged by the Latvian, Lithuanian, and Estonian partisans, called the Forest Brothers (also: the "Brothers of the Wood" and the "Forest Friars"; et, metsavennad, lv, me� ...

guerrilla movement fighter is discovered and killed in

Estonia Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, a ...

. *

September 28 Events Pre-1600 *48 BC – Pompey disembarks at Pelusium upon arriving in Egypt, whereupon he is assassinated by order of King Ptolemy XIII. * 235 – Pope Pontian resigns. He is exiled to the mines of Sardinia, along with Hippolytus ...

– Pope John Paul I dies after only 33 days of papacy. *

September 30 Events Pre-1600 * 489 – The Ostrogoths under Theoderic the Great defeat the forces of Odoacer for the second time. * 737 – The Turgesh drive back an Umayyad invasion of Khuttal, follow them south of the Oxus, and capture their b ...

–

Finnair Flight 405 Finnair Flight 405 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight between Oulu and Helsinki, Finland, that was hijacked on September 30, 1978. The Finnair Sud Aviation Caravelle with 44 passengers and 5 crew aboard was hijacked by an unemployed hom ...

aircraft is hijacked by Aarno Lamminparras in

Oulu Oulu ( , ; sv, Uleåborg ) is a city, municipality and a seaside resort of about 210,000 inhabitants in the region of North Ostrobothnia, Finland. It is the most populous city in northern Finland and the fifth most populous in the country after: ...

Finland Finland ( fi, Suomi ; sv, Finland ), officially the Republic of Finland (; ), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It shares land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of B ...

. * September – The

African National Congress The African National Congress (ANC) is a Social democracy, social-democratic political party in Republic of South Africa, South Africa. A liberation movement known for its opposition to apartheid, it has governed the country since 1994, when ...

attempts to kill about 500 of its own cadres by poisoning their food because an infiltrated enemy agent cannot be identified.

October

* October 1 **

Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...

attacks

Cambodia Cambodia (; also Kampuchea ; km, កម្ពុជា, UNGEGN: ), officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochinese Peninsula in Southeast Asia, spanning an area of , bordered by Thailand t ...

. **

Tuvalu Tuvalu ( or ; formerly known as the Ellice Islands) is an island country and microstate in the Polynesian subregion of Oceania in the Pacific Ocean. Its islands are situated about midway between Hawaii and Australia. They lie east-northeast ...

becomes independent from the United Kingdom. * October 7 – ''Wranslide'' in

New South Wales ) , nickname = , image_map = New South Wales in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of New South Wales in AustraliaCoordinates: , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , es ...

: the Wran government is re-elected with an increased majority. *

October 8 Events Pre-1600 * 314 – Constantine I defeats Roman Emperor Licinius, who loses his European territories. * 451 – The first session of the Council of Chalcedon begins. * 876 – Frankish forces led by Louis the Younger preven ...

– Australia's

Ken Warby Ken Warby (born 9 May 1939) is an Australian motorboat racer, who currently holds the water speed record of , set on Blowering Dam on 8 October 1978. As a child, Warby's hero was Donald Campbell, who died attempting to break the record in 19 ...

sets the current world water speed record of 317.6 mph (511.13 km/h) at Blowering Dam, Australia. * October 9 –

P.W. Botha Pieter Willem Botha, (; 12 January 1916 – 31 October 2006), commonly known as P. W. and af, Die Groot Krokodil (The Big Crocodile), was a South African politician. He served as the last prime minister of South Africa from 1978 to 1984 and ...

succeeds John Vorster as

Prime Minister of South Africa The prime minister of South Africa ( af, Eerste Minister van Suid-Afrika) was the head of government in South Africa between 1910 and 1984. History of the office The position of Prime Minister was established in 1910, when the Union of Sout ...

. * October 10 ** Daniel arap Moi becomes president of

Kenya ) , national_anthem = "Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu"() , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Nairobi , coordinates = , largest_city = Nairobi , ...

. ** John Vorster becomes

State President of South Africa The State President of the Republic of South Africa ( af, Staatspresident) was the head of state of South Africa from 1961 to 1994. The office was established when the country became a republic on 31 May 1961, albeit, outside the Commonweal ...

.A Guide for Study of Historical Offices: South Africa: Heads of State: 1961–1994
Archontology.org; accessed April 14, 2017. ** A massive short circuit in Seasat's electrical system ends the satellite's scientific mission. ** United States President

signs a bill that authorizes the minting of the

Susan B. Anthony dollar The Susan B. Anthony dollar is a United States dollar coin minted from 1979 to 1981 when production was suspended due to poor public acceptance, and then again in 1999. Intended as a replacement for the larger Eisenhower dollar, the new smalle ...

. * October 13 – The

Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...

launches a major

Russification Russification (russian: русификация, rusifikatsiya), or Russianization, is a form of cultural assimilation in which non-Russians, whether involuntarily or voluntarily, give up their culture and language in favor of the Russian cultur ...

campaign throughout all union republics. *

October 14 Events Pre-1600 *1066 – The Norman conquest of England begins with the Battle of Hastings. * 1322 – Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats King Edward II of England at the Battle of Old Byland, forcing Edward to accept Scotland's i ...

– U.S. President

signs a bill into law which allows homebrewing of beer in the United States. * October 16 –

Pope John Paul II Pope John Paul II ( la, Ioannes Paulus II; it, Giovanni Paolo II; pl, Jan Paweł II; born Karol Józef Wojtyła ; 18 May 19202 April 2005) was the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 1978 until his ...

succeeds Pope John Paul I as the 264th pope, resulting in the first Year of Three Popes since 1605. He is the first Polish pope in history, and the first non-Italian pope since Pope Adrian VI (1522–1523). *

October 18 Events Pre-1600 * 33 – Heartbroken by the deaths of her sons Nero and Drusus, and banished to the island of Pandateria by Tiberius, Agrippina the Elder dies of self-inflicted starvation. * 320 – Pappus of Alexandria, Greek philos ...

– Thorbjörn Fälldin steps down as Prime Minister of Sweden, and is succeeded by

Ola Ullsten Stig Kjell Olof "Ola" Ullsten (23 June 1931 – 28 May 2018) was a Swedish politician and diplomat who was Prime Minister of Sweden from 1978 to 1979 and leader of the Liberal People's Party from 1978 to 1983. He also served as Deputy Prime ...

, the Leader of the liberal People's Party ("''Folkpartiet''"). * October 20 – The first Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras is held as a protest march and commemoration of the

. * October 21 – Australian civilian pilot

Frederick Valentich Frederick may refer to: People * Frederick (given name), the name Nobility Anhalt-Harzgerode *Frederick, Prince of Anhalt-Harzgerode (1613–1670) Austria * Frederick I, Duke of Austria (Babenberg), Duke of Austria from 1195 to 1198 * Frederick ...

vanishes in a Cessna 182 Skylane over the

Bass Strait Bass Strait () is a strait separating the island state of Tasmania from the Australian mainland (more specifically the coast of Victoria, with the exception of the land border across Boundary Islet). The strait provides the most direct waterwa ...

south of

Melbourne Melbourne ( ; Boonwurrung/Woiwurrung: ''Narrm'' or ''Naarm'') is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of Victoria, and the second-most populous city in both Australia and Oceania. Its name generally refers to a met ...

, after reporting contact with an unidentified aircraft. *

October 27 Events Pre-1600 * 312 – Constantine is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross. * 1275 – Traditional founding of the city of Amsterdam. * 1524 – French troops lay siege to Pavia. * 1553 – Condemned as ...

– Egyptian President

and Israeli Prime Minister

win the

Nobel Peace Prize The Nobel Peace Prize is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Swedish industrialist, inventor and armaments (military weapons and equipment) manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemi ...

for their progress toward achieving a Middle East accord. * October 31 – The South African Railways sets a still unbeaten world rail speed record on

Cape gauge A cape is a clothing accessory or a sleeveless outer garment which drapes the wearer's back, arms, and chest, and connects at the neck. History Capes were common in medieval Europe, especially when combined with a hood in the chaperon. Th ...

November

* November 2: 8:00 pm – The

's second television channel RTÉ 2 goes on air (renamed Network 2,

1988 File:1988 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The oil platform Piper Alpha explodes and collapses in the North Sea, killing 165 workers; The USS Vincennes (CG-49) mistakenly shoots down Iran Air Flight 655; Australia celebrates its Australian ...

; RTÉ Network Two,

1995 File:1995 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: O.J. Simpson is O. J. Simpson murder case, acquitted of the murders of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman from the 1994, year prior in "The Trial of the Century" in the United States; The ...

; N2,

1997 File:1997 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The movie set of ''Titanic'', the highest-grossing movie in history at the time; ''Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'', is published; Comet Hale-Bopp passes by Earth and becomes one of t ...

; and RTÉ Two in

2004 2004 was designated as an International Year of Rice by the United Nations, and the International Year to Commemorate the Struggle Against Slavery and its Abolition (by UNESCO). Events January * January 3 – Flash Airlines Flight 6 ...

). *

November 3 Events Pre-1600 * 361 – Emperor Constantius II dies of a fever at Mopsuestia in Cilicia; on his deathbed he is baptised and declares his cousin Julian rightful successor. *1333 – The River Arno floods causing massive damage in F ...

–

Dominica Dominica ( or ; Kalinago: ; french: Dominique; Dominican Creole French: ), officially the Commonwealth of Dominica, is an island country in the Caribbean. The capital, Roseau, is located on the western side of the island. It is geographically ...

gains its independence from the United Kingdom. * November 7 –

Indira Gandhi Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi (; Given name, ''née'' Nehru; 19 November 1917 – 31 October 1984) was an Indian politician and a central figure of the Indian National Congress. She was elected as third prime minister of India in 1966 ...

is re-elected to the Indian parliament. * November 18 – Jonestown incident: In

Guyana Guyana ( or ), officially the Cooperative Republic of Guyana, is a country on the northern mainland of South America. Guyana is an indigenous word which means "Land of Many Waters". The capital city is Georgetown. Guyana is bordered by the ...

, Jim Jones leads his Peoples Temple cult in a mass murder–suicide that claims 918 lives in all, 909 of them at Jonestown itself, including over 270 children. Congressman Leo J. Ryan is assassinated by members of Peoples Temple shortly beforehand. * November 24 – China starts an experimental "

household responsibility system The household responsibility system ( zh, s=家庭联产承包责任制, t=家庭聯產承包責任制, p=jiātíng liánchǎn chéngbāo zérènzhì), or contract responsibility system, was a practice in China, first adopted in agriculture in 1979 ...

", in Anhui Province. *

November 26 Events Pre-1600 * 783 – The Asturian queen Adosinda is held at a monastery to prevent her king from retaking the throne from Mauregatus. *1161 – Battle of Caishi: A Song dynasty fleet fights a naval engagement with Jin dynasty ...

– Two British

commercial diver Professional diving is underwater diving where the divers are paid for their work. The procedures are often regulated by legislation and codes of practice as it is an inherently hazardous occupation and the diver works as a member of a team. Du ...

s, Michael Ward and Tony Prangley, die of

hypothermia Hypothermia is defined as a body core temperature below in humans. Symptoms depend on the temperature. In mild hypothermia, there is shivering and mental confusion. In moderate hypothermia, shivering stops and confusion increases. In severe h ...

and drowning in the East Shetland Basin after their

diving bell A diving bell is a rigid chamber used to transport divers from the surface to depth and back in open water, usually for the purpose of performing underwater work. The most common types are the open-bottomed wet bell and the closed bell, which c ...

plunges to the seabed at a depth of over .

December

December 4 Events Pre-1600 * 771 – Austrasian king Carloman I dies, leaving his brother Charlemagne as sole king of the Frankish Kingdom. * 963 – The lay papal protonotary is elected pope and takes the name Leo VIII, being consecrated on 6 D ...

–

Dianne Feinstein Dianne Goldman Berman Feinstein ( ; born Dianne Emiel Goldman; June 22, 1933) is an American politician who serves as the senior United States senator from California, a seat she has held since 1992. A member of the Democratic Party, she was ...

succeeds the murdered

George Moscone George Richard Moscone (; November 24, 1929 – November 27, 1978) was an American attorney and Democratic politician. He was the 37th mayor of San Francisco, California from January 1976 until his assassination in November 1978. He was known ...

, to become the first woman mayor of

; she will remain in office until January 8, 1988. * December 6 – The

Spanish Constitution The Spanish Constitution (Spanish, Asturleonese language, Asturleonese, and gl, Constitución Española; eu, Espainiako Konstituzioa; ca, Constitució Espanyola; oc, Constitucion espanhòla) is the Democracy, democratic law that is supreme l ...

officially restores the country's democratic government. * December 11 **

Lufthansa heist The Lufthansa heist was a robbery at New York City's John F. Kennedy International Airport on December 11, 1978. An estimated $5.875 million (equivalent to $ million in ) was stolen, with $5 million in cash and $875,000 in jewelry, ma ...

: Six men rob a Lufthansa cargo facility in New York City's John F. Kennedy International Airport. ** Two million demonstrate against the Shah in

. *

December 16 Events Pre-1600 * 714 – Pepin of Herstal, mayor of the Merovingian palace, dies at Jupille (modern Belgium). He is succeeded by his infant grandson Theudoald, while his widow Plectrude holds actual power in the Frankish Kingdom. * 755 ...

** Train 87 from

Nanjing Nanjing (; , Mandarin pronunciation: ), alternately romanized as Nanking, is the capital of Jiangsu province of the People's Republic of China. It is a sub-provincial city, a megacity, and the second largest city in the East China region. T ...

Xining Xining (; ), alternatively known as Sining, is the capital of Qinghai province in western China and the largest city on the Tibetan Plateau. The city was a commercial hub along the Northern Silk Road's Hexi Corridor for over 2000 years, and wa ...

collides with train 368 from

Xi'an Xi'an ( , ; ; Chinese: ), frequently spelled as Xian and also known by #Name, other names, is the list of capitals in China, capital of Shaanxi, Shaanxi Province. A Sub-provincial division#Sub-provincial municipalities, sub-provincial city o ...

Xuzhou Xuzhou (徐州), also known as Pengcheng (彭城) in ancient times, is a major city in northwestern Jiangsu province, China. The city, with a recorded population of 9,083,790 at the 2020 census (3,135,660 of which lived in the built-up area ma ...

near Yangzhuang railway station in China, killing 106, injuring 218. ** '' The Mystery of Mamo'' is released in cinemas in Japan. * December 19 – Former

Prime Minister of India The prime minister of India (IAST: ) is the head of government of the Republic of India. Executive authority is vested in the prime minister and their chosen Council of Ministers, despite the president of India being the nominal head of the ...

is arrested and jailed for a week for breach of privilege and contempt of parliament. * December 22 ** The pivotal Third Plenum of the 11th National Congress of the

Chinese Communist Party The Chinese Communist Party (CCP), officially the Communist Party of China (CPC), is the founding and One-party state, sole ruling party of the China, People's Republic of China (PRC). Under the leadership of Mao Zedong, the CCP emerged victoriou ...

is held in Beijing, with Deng Xiaoping reversing Mao-era policies to pursue a program for Chinese economic reform. ** Chicago serial killer

John Wayne Gacy John Wayne Gacy (March 17, 1942 – May 10, 1994) was an American serial killer and sex offender who raped, tortured, and murdered at least 33 young men and boys. Gacy regularly performed at children's hospitals and charitable events as " ...

, who was subsequently convicted of the murder of 33 young men and boys committed between 1972 and 1978, is arrested. **

begins

Operation Soberanía Operación Soberanía (Operation Sovereignty) was a planned Argentine military invasion of Chile due to the Beagle conflict. The invasion was initiated on 22 December 1978 but was halted after a few hours and Argentine forces retreated from the con ...

against

Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east a ...

, but Argentinian forces quickly withdraw. * December 25 –

launches a major offensive against the

Khmer Rouge The Khmer Rouge (; ; km, ខ្មែរក្រហម, ; ) is the name that was popularly given to members of the Communist Party of Kampuchea (CPK) and by extension to the regime through which the CPK ruled Cambodia between 1975 and 1979. ...

. * December 27 – The

Constitution of Spain The Spanish Constitution (Spanish, Asturleonese, and gl, Constitución Española; eu, Espainiako Konstituzioa; ca, Constitució Espanyola; oc, Constitucion espanhòla) is the democratic law that is supreme in the Kingdom of Spain. It was e ...

is approved in a referendum, officially ending 40 years of military

dictatorship A dictatorship is a form of government which is characterized by a leader, or a group of leaders, which holds governmental powers with few to no limitations on them. The leader of a dictatorship is called a dictator. Politics in a dictatorship are ...

Date unknown

* Synthetic

insulin Insulin (, from Latin ''insula'', 'island') is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets encoded in humans by the ''INS'' gene. It is considered to be the main anabolic hormone of the body. It regulates the metabolism o ...

is developed. * Romanian painter

Doina Bumbea Doina Bumbea ( ko, 도이나 붐베아; 25 January 1950 – January 1997) was a Romanian painter who was abducted to North Korea in 1978. Born in Bucharest, Bumbea left Romania in 1970 and went to Italy, where she studied fine arts and became a ...

is abducted by the North Korean government. *

Abortion Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy by removal or expulsion of an embryo or fetus. An abortion that occurs without intervention is known as a miscarriage or "spontaneous abortion"; these occur in approximately 30% to 40% of pregn ...

is legalized in Italy for the first time. * In

Seoul Seoul (; ; ), officially known as the Seoul Special City, is the capital and largest metropolis of South Korea.Before 1972, Seoul was the ''de jure'' capital of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) as stated iArticle 103 ...

, South Korea, construction begins on Seoul Subway Line 2. * Ford initiates a recall for the

Pinto Pinto is a Portuguese language, Portuguese, Spanish language, Spanish, Sephardi Jews, Jewish (Sephardic), and Italian language, Italian surname. It is a high-frequency surname in all List of countries and territories where Portuguese is an officia ...

because of a public outcry resulting from deaths associated with gas tank explosions. *

Rolnicka Praha Rolnička Praha is a children's choir based in Prague, Czech Republic. It was founded in 1978 by its director, Karel Virgler. Choral Study Rolnicka has about 200 young singers from 5 to 19 years in 5 choir levels. Rolnicka's Touring Choir has 45 ...

children's choir is founded in Prague, Czech Republic. * The

New York International Bible Society Biblica, formerly International Bible Society, was founded in 1809 and is the worldwide copyright holder of the New International Version of the Bible (NIV), licensing commercial rights to Zondervan in the United States and to Hodder & Stoughto ...

New International Version The New International Version (NIV) is an English translation of the Bible first published in 1978 by Biblica (formerly the International Bible Society). The ''NIV'' was created as a modern translation, by Bible scholars using the earliest an ...

of the complete

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...

translated into modern

American English American English, sometimes called United States English or U.S. English, is the set of variety (linguistics), varieties of the English language native to the United States. English is the Languages of the United States, most widely spoken lan ...

is published. * The '' Space Invaders'' arcade video game is released by

Taito is a Japanese company that specializes in video games, toys, arcade cabinets and game centers, based in Shinjuku, Tokyo. The company was founded by Michael Kogan in 1953 as the importing vodka, vending machines and jukeboxes into Japan. It b ...

Births

January

Karina Smirnoff Get Smart premiere arrival

–

Philip Mulryne Philip Patrick Stephen Mulryne, Order of Preachers, OP (born 1 January 1978) is a Northern Irish Dominican friar and priest in the Catholic Church, and retired professional association football, footballer. Born in Belfast, he started his career ...

, Northern Irish footballer *

January 2 Events Pre-1600 * 69 – The Roman legions in Germania Superior refuse to swear loyalty to Galba. They rebel and proclaim Vitellius as emperor. * 366 – The Alemanni cross the frozen Rhine in large numbers, invading the Roman Empi ...

–

Karina Smirnoff Karina Smirnoff (russian: Карина Смирнова, links=no; born January 2, 1978) is a Soviet-born American professional ballroom dancer of Ukrainian origins. She is known as a professional dancer on '' Dancing with the Stars,'' where s ...

, Ukrainian-American dancer *

January 3 Events Pre-1600 *AD 69, 69 – The Roman legions on the Rhine refuse to declare their allegiance to Galba, instead proclaiming their legate, Aulus Vitellius, as emperor. * 250 – Emperor Decius orders everyone in the Roman Empire (ex ...

Liya Kebede Liya Kebede ( am, ሊያ ከበደ; born 1 March 1978) is an Ethiopian-born model, maternal health advocate, clothing designer, and actress. She has appeared on the cover of ''Vogue'' three times. Kebede has served as the WHO's Ambassador for M ...

, Ethiopian model, clothing designer and actress **

Park Sol-mi Park Sol-mi (born Park Hye-jeong on January 3, 1978) is a South Korean actress. Acting career Park had a minor role in the 1996 series '' Papa'', then made her official debut in MBC's amateur talent contest in 1998.January 4 Events Pre-1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar fights Titus Labienus in the Battle of Ruspina. * 871 – Battle of Reading: Æthelred of Wessex and his brother Alfred are defeated by a Danish invasion army. 1601–1900 *1649 – Engli ...

– Karine Ruby, French snowboarder (d.

2009 File:2009 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The vertical stabilizer of Air France Flight 447 is pulled out from the Atlantic Ocean; Barack Obama becomes the first African American to become President of the United States; 2009 Iran ...

) *

** Franck Montagny, French Formula One driver ** January Jones, American actress *

January 7 Events Pre-1600 *49 BC – The Senate of Rome says that Caesar will be declared a public enemy unless he disbands his army. This prompts the tribunes who support him to flee to Ravenna, where Caesar is waiting. * 1325 – Alfonso IV ...

–

Emilio Palma Emilio Marcos Des Palma Morella (born 7 January 1978) is an Argentine man who was the first documented person born on the continent of Antarctica. Biography Palma was born in Fortín Sargento Cabral at the Esperanza Base, near the tip of the A ...

, Argentine citizen, first human born in Antarctica *

January 9 Events Pre-1600 * 681 – Twelfth Council of Toledo: King Erwig of the Visigoths initiates a council in which he implements diverse measures against the Jews in Spain. *1127 – Jin–Song Wars: Invading Jurchen soldiers from the J ...

Chad Johnson Chad Ochocinco Johnson (born Chad Javon Johnson; January 9, 1978), known from 2008 to 2012 as Chad Ochocinco, is a former American football wide receiver. He played college football for Santa Monica College and Oregon State University, and pl ...

, American football player **

AJ McLean Alexander James McLean (born January 9, 1978) is an American singer, dancer, actor and a member of the pop vocal group Backstreet Boys. Early life McLean was born on January 9, 1978, in West Palm Beach, Florida, to Denise (née Fernandez, n ...

, American singer ** Gennaro Gattuso, Italian football player *

–

Kanako Mitsuhashi is a Japanese actress and voice actress from the Hodogaya-ku ward of Yokohama. Mitsuhashi is best known for her roles as Killua Zoldyck from ''Hunter × Hunter'', Rico from ''Gunslinger Girl'', and Suzuka Asahina from '' Suzuka''. She was marri ...

, Japanese voice actress *

January 11 Events Pre-1600 * 532 – Nika riots in Constantinople: A quarrel between supporters of different chariot teams—the Blues and the Greens—in the Hippodrome escalates into violence. * 630 – Conquest of Mecca: The prophet Muhamma ...

– Emile Heskey, English footballer *

January 12 Events Pre-1600 * 475 – Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople, and his general, Basiliscus gains control of the empire. *1528 – Gustav I of Sweden is crowned King of Sweden, having already reigned s ...

–

Hannah Gadsby Hannah Gadsby (born 1978) is an Australian comedian, writer, and actress. She began her career in Australia after winning the national final of the Raw Comedy competition for new comedians in 2006. In 2018, her show '' Nanette'' on Netflix won ...

, Australian comedian *

January 13 Events Pre-1600 * 27 BC – Octavian transfers the state to the free disposal of the Roman Senate and the people. He receives Spain, Gaul, and Syria as his province for ten years. * 532 – The Nika riots break out, during the racing ...

Ashmit Patel Ashmit Patel (born 13 January 1978) is an Indian actor who appears in Bollywood films and was seen on ''Bigg Boss''. Personal life Patel is the son of Amit Patel and Asha Patel, and the younger brother of actress and model Ameesha Patel, and ...

, Indian actor ** Mohit Sharma Indian Army Officer *

January 14 Events Pre-1600 *1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence. *1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. 1601–1900 *1639 – The "Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, Fundamenta ...

–

Shawn Crawford Shawn Crawford (born January 14, 1978) is a retired American sprint athlete. He competed in the 100 meters and 200 meters events. In the 200 meter sprint, Crawford won gold at the 2004 Summer Olympics and silver at the 2008 Summer Olym ...

, American sprinter *

January 15 Events Pre-1600 * 69 – Otho seizes power in Rome, proclaiming himself Emperor of Rome, beginning a reign of only three months. * 1541 – King Francis I of France gives Jean-François Roberval a commission to settle the province of ...

Eddie Cahill Edmund Patrick Cahill (born January 15, 1978) is an American actor known for portraying "Miracle on Ice" goalie Jim Craig in the 2004 film ''Miracle'', and for playing the roles of Tag Jones in ''Friends'' and Detective Don Flack in ''CSI: NY.' ...

, American actor **

Franco Pellizotti Franco Pellizotti (born 15 January 1978) is an Italian former professional road bicycle racer, who rode professionally between 2001 and 2018 for the Alessio, , and teams. Pellizotti now works as a directeur sportif for the team. Career Pelliz ...

, Italian cyclist *

January 17 Events Pre-1600 * 38 BC – Octavian divorces his wife Scribonia and marries Livia Drusilla, ending the fragile peace between the Second Triumvirate and Sextus Pompey. * 1362 – Saint Marcellus' flood kills at least 25,000 people on ...

– Ricky Wilson, British vocalist ( Kaiser Chiefs) *

** Thor Hushovd, Norwegian cyclist **

Katja Kipping Katja Kipping (born 18 January 1978) is a German politician of The Left party who is serving as Senator for Integration, Labour and Social Affairs in the Berlin state government since December 2021. She was previously a member of the Bundestag ...

, German politician *

January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. * 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom. * 1156 &ndas ...

– Omar Sy, French actor and comedian *

** Mark Hildreth, Canadian actor and voice actor **

Nami Miyahara is a Japanese voice actress and singer associated by Atomic Monkey. Miyahara debuted as a voice actress in 1998 as Shouko Yamanobe in '' Mamotte Shugogetten''. Notable roles she has played include Momoko Asuka and Masaru Yada from the ''Ojamajo D ...

, Japanese voice actress and singer ** Kristen Schaal, American actress, comedian, and writer *

–

Volodymyr Zelenskyy Volodymyr Oleksandrovych Zelenskyy, ; russian: Владимир Александрович Зеленский, Vladimir Aleksandrovich Zelenskyy, (born 25 January 1978; also transliterated as Zelensky or Zelenskiy) is a Ukrainian politicia ...

, Ukrainian politician and comedian, President of Ukraine *

January 28 Events Pre-1600 * 98 – On the death of Nerva, Trajan is declared Roman emperor in Cologne, the seat of his government in lower Germany. * 814 – The death of Charlemagne, the first Holy Roman Emperor, brings about the accession o ...

** Gianluigi Buffon, Italian footballer ** Jamie Carragher, English footballer **

Papa Bouba Diop Papa Bouba Diop (28 January 197829 November 2020) was a Senegalese professional footballer. His preferred position was defensive midfield but he could also play as a centre back, where he previously played at Lens. Diop was considered a strong ...

, Senegalese footballer (d.

2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, social and Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, COVID- ...

) ** Sheamus, Irish wrestler **

Vanessa Villela Vanessa Villela (born January 28, 1978)" is a Mexican-American actress turned real estate agent, who appeared in Mexican TV series ''Romántica obsesión'', ''Ellas, inocentes o culpables'', ''Súbete a mi moto'', ''Un nuevo amor'', ''El cuerpo de ...

, Mexican actress

February

February 2 Events Pre-1600 * 506 – Alaric II, eighth king of the Visigoths, promulgates the Breviary of Alaric (''Breviarium Alaricianum'' or ''Lex Romana Visigothorum''), a collection of "Roman law". * 880 – Battle of Lüneburg Heath: King ...

** Nelson Chamisa, Zimbabwean politician ** Barry Ferguson, Scottish footballer and coach *

February 3 Events Pre-1600 * 1112 – Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, and Douce I, Countess of Provence, marry, uniting the fortunes of those two states. *1451 – Sultan Mehmed II inherits the throne of the Ottoman Empire. *1488 – ...

– Amal Clooney, British-Lebanese barrister, activist and author *

February 4 Events Pre–1600 * 211 – Following the death of the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus at Eboracum (modern York, England) while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians, the empire is left in the control of his two quarrellin ...

–

Aleksey Rozin Aleksey Anatolievich Rozin (russian: Алексей Анатольевич Розин; born 4 February 1978) is a Russian film and stage actor. Biography Rozin studied at the Moscow Art Theatre School. He has acted on stage with productions such ...

, Russian actor *

** Brian Russell, American football player **

Samuel Sánchez Samuel "Samu" Sánchez González (born 5 February 1978) is a Spanish former professional road bicycle racer, who rode professionally in the sport between 2000 and 2017 for the and squads. He was the gold medal winner in the road race at the 2 ...

, Spanish road bicycle racer *

Danny Buderus Danny Buderus (born 6 February 1978) is an Australian rugby league commentator, coach and former professional footballer who played in the 1990s, 2000s and 2010s. An Australian international and New South Wales State of Origin representative , ...

, Australian rugby league player **

Olena Zelenska Olena Volodymyrivna Zelenska (;russian: Елена Владимировна Зеленская, , Elena Vladimirovna Zelenskaya, born 6 February 1978) is a Ukrainian architect and screenwriter who is the current First Lady of Ukraine as the ...

, Ukrainian first lady and former model **

Yael Naim Yael Naim ( he, יעל נעים, born 6 February 1978) is a French-born Israeli singer and actress. She rose to fame in 2008 in the US after her hit single " New Soul" was used by Apple in an advertising campaign for its MacBook Air. The song pe ...

, Israeli-French singer and songwriter *

February 7 Events Pre-1600 * 457 – Leo I becomes the Eastern Roman emperor. * 987 – Bardas Phokas the Younger and Bardas Skleros, Byzantine generals of the military elite, begin a wide-scale rebellion against Emperor Basil II. * 1301 &nd ...

** Ashton Kutcher, American actor ** Omotola Jalade Ekeinde, Nigerian actress, singer, philanthropist and former model *

February 10 Events Pre-1600 * 1258 – Mongol invasions: Baghdad falls to the Mongols, bringing the Islamic Golden Age to an end. * 1306 – In front of the high altar of Greyfriars Church in Dumfries, Robert the Bruce murders John Comyn, sparkin ...

Isabella Eklöf Isabella Eklöf (born 10 February 1978) is a Swedish screenwriter and film director. Eklöf attended the National Film School of Denmark. She served on the crew as a "runner" for the 2008 Swedish film ''Let the Right One In (film), Let the Right ...

, Swedish screenwriter and film director ** Don Omar, Puerto Rican singer and actor *

February 12 Events Pre-1600 *1404 – The Italian professor Galeazzo di Santa Sophie performed the first post-mortem autopsy for the purposes of teaching and demonstration at the Heiligen–Geist Spital in Vienna. *1429 – English forces under ...

Gethin Jones Gethin Clifford Jones (born 12 February 1978) is a Welsh television presenter. He was an active rugby union player while at Manchester Metropolitan University and, after graduation, he began his television career on Welsh language channel S4C a ...

, Welsh television presenter ** Silver Meikar, Estonian politician *

–

Niklas Bäckström Niklas Oskar Bäckström (; born 13 February 1978) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey goaltender and current goaltending coach for the Columbus Blue Jackets. He played ten seasons for the Minnesota Wild and Calgary Flames in the Nation ...

, Finnish hockey player *

February 14 Events Pre-1600 * 748 – Abbasid Revolution: The Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad province Khorasan, marking the consolidation of the Abbasid revolt. * 842 – Charles the Bald and Louis ...

** Richard Hamilton, American basketball player **

Danai Gurira Danai Jekesai Gurira (; born February 14, 1978) is an American-Zimbabwean actress and playwright. She is best known for her starring roles as Michonne on the AMC horror drama series '' The Walking Dead'' (2012–2020, 2022) and as Okoye in the ...

, American actress and playwright ** Darius Songaila, Lithuanian basketball player *

February 16 Events Pre-1600 * 1249 – Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khagan of the Mongol Empire. * 1270 – Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeats the Livonian Order in the Battle of Kar ...

** John Tartaglia, American actor **

Tia Hellebaut Tia Hellebaut (; born 16 February 1978 in Antwerp) is a retired Belgian track and field athlete, as well as a chemist, who started out in her sports career in the heptathlon, and afterwards specialized in the high jump event. She has cleared 2.05 ...

, Belgian athlete *

Kenyatta Wright Kenyatta Terrell Wright (born February 19, 1978 in Vian, Oklahoma) is a former American football linebacker who played for the New York Jets of the NFL from 2003-2005. He was a four-year starter for Oklahoma State University, where he recorded ...

, American football player ** Immortal Technique, Peruvian-American rapper *

February 20 Events Pre-1600 *1339 – The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated. *1472 – Orkney and Shetland are pawned by Norway to Scotland ...

Julia Jentsch Julia Jentsch (born 20 February 1978) is a German actress. She has received awards including the Silver Bear, European Film Award, and Lola. She is best known for ''Sophie Scholl – The Final Days'', '' The Edukators'' and ''I Served the King of ...

, German actress ** Ken Takeuchi, Japanese voice actor *

February 21 Events Pre-1600 * 452 or 453 – Severianus, Bishop of Scythopolis, is martyred in Palestine. * 1245 – Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland, is granted resignation after confessing to torture and forgery. * 1440 – The Prus ...

** Kim Ha-neul, South Korean actress **

Kumail Nanjiani Kumail Ali Nanjiani (; ur, کمیل علی ننجیانی, ; born May 2, 1978) is a Pakistani-American actor, comedian and screenwriter. He is known for his role as Dinesh in the HBO comedy series ''Silicon Valley'' (2014–2019) and for co-wri ...

, Pakistani-American actor and comedian ** Miki Sakai, Japanese actress *

February 22 Events Pre-1600 * 1076 – Having received a letter during the Lenten synod of 14–20 February demanding that he abdicate, Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor. * 1316 – The Battle of Picotin, between Ferdina ...

– Jenny Frost, English singer *

February 23 Events Pre-1600 * 303 – Roman emperor Diocletian orders the destruction of the Christian church in Nicomedia, beginning eight years of Diocletianic Persecution. * 532 – Byzantine emperor Justinian I lays the foundation stone of a ...

– Dan Snyder, Canadian hockey player (d.

2003 File:2003 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The crew of STS-107 perished when the Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrated during reentry into Earth's atmosphere; SARS became an epidemic in China, and was a precursor to SARS-CoV-2; A des ...

) *

February 24 Events Pre-1600 * 484 – King Huneric of the Vandals replaces Nicene bishops with Arian ones, and banishes some to Corsica. * 1303 – The English are defeated at the Battle of Roslin, in the First War of Scottish Independence. * 13 ...

–

Gary Gary may refer to: *Gary (given name), a common masculine given name, including a list of people and fictional characters with the name *Gary, Indiana, the largest city named Gary Places ;Iran *Gary, Iran, Sistan and Baluchestan Province ;Unit ...

, South Korean musician, entertainer *

–

Kakha Kaladze Kakhaber "Kakha" Kaladze ( ka, კახაბერ (კახა) კალაძე, ; born 27 February 1978) is a Georgian politician and former footballer who serves as the Mayor of Tbilisi since November 2017. A versatile player, he was c ...

, Georgian footballer and politician, Mayor of Tbilisi *

February 28 Events Pre-1600 *202 BC – Liu Bang is enthroned as the Emperor of China, beginning four centuries of rule by the Han dynasty. * 870 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople closes. *1525 – Aztec king Cuauhtémoc is executed on ...

Jeanne Cherhal Jeanne Cherhal is a French singer-songwriter. Life and career After spending her younger years in Erbray near Châteaubriant, Cherhal studied philosophy before moving to Paris. She started her singing career playing piano – solo, or accompa ...

, French singer-songwriter **

Yasir Hameed Yasir Hameed Qureshi (Urdu: یاسر حمید قریشی) (born 28 February 1978) is a former Pakistani cricketer, who played 25 Tests and 56 ODIs for Pakistan. He scored two centuries on his Test debut against Bangladesh, becoming only the sec ...

, Pakistani cricketer **

Benjamin Raich Benjamin Raich (born 28 February 1978 in Arzl im Pitztal, Tyrol) is an Austrian former World Cup champion alpine ski racer and Olympic gold medalist. With 14 medals won at Winter Olympics and World Championships, 36 World Cup race victories (in ...

, Austrian skier

March

Rani Mukerji promoting Hichki in 2018 (cropped)

** Jensen Ackles, American actor **

Donovan Patton Donovan Patton (born March 1, 1978) is an American actor and television host. Patton graduated from the Interlochen Arts Academy and acted in Shakespeare plays such as ''Much Ado About Nothing'' and '' Romeo and Juliet'' before replacing Steve B ...

, American actor and television host **

Sakura Nogawa is a Japanese voice actress and singer. In August 2013, she took a break from voice acting and singing due to poor health and returned a year later. In February 2017, she announced that she had already changed the agency of Office Anemone. Filmo ...

, Japanese voice actress *

Tomáš Kaberle Tomáš Kaberle (; born March 2, 1978) is a Czech former professional ice hockey defenceman. He played in the National Hockey League (NHL), most notably for the Toronto Maple Leafs, as well as for the Boston Bruins, with whom he won the Stanley ...

, Czech hockey player ** Sebastian Janikowski, American football player *

–

Tanishaa Mukerji Tanisha Mukerji is an Indian actress known for her works in Hindi, Telugu and Tamil films. Part of the Mukherjee-Samarth family, she is the daughter of filmmaker Shomu Mukherjee and actress Tanuja, and the younger sister of actress Kajol. She m ...

, Indian actress *

March 4 Events Pre-1600 *AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title '' princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth). * 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia. * 852 – Croatian Knez Trpimir I issues a st ...

–

Denis Dallan Denis Dallan (born 4 March 1978) is an Italian rugby union footballer. His usual position is on the wing. He plays for the Italian club Amatori Milan. Dallan has been capped for the national team and was a part of its squad at the 2003 Rugby Wo ...

, Italian rugby union footballer * March 6 **

Sage Rosenfels Sage Jamen Rosenfels (born March 6, 1978) is a former American football quarterback. He played college football at Iowa State. He was then drafted by the Washington Redskins in the fourth round of the 2001 NFL Draft. He played with the Miami Dolp ...

, American football player ** Mike Jackson, American politician *

March 7 Events Pre-1600 * 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius. * 1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Cob ...

** Mike Reese, American politician (d.

2021 File:2021 collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: the James Webb Space Telescope was launched in 2021; Protesters in Yangon, Myanmar following the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état, coup d'état; A civil demonstration against the October–November 2021 ...

) ** Azis, Bulgarian singer * March 10 –

Benjamin Burnley Benjamin Jackson Burnley IV (born March 10, 1978) is an American musician, singer, songwriter, and record producer, best known as the founder and frontman of the American rock band Breaking Benjamin. As the sole constant of the group, Burnley h ...

, American musician * March 11 **

Didier Drogba Didier Yves Drogba Tébily (; born 11 March 1978) is an Ivorian retired professional footballer who played as a striker. He is the all-time top scorer and former captain of the Ivory Coast national team. He is best known for his career at ...

, Ivorian footballer ** Ha Jung-woo, South Korean actor and director *

March 12 Events Pre-1600 * 538 – Vitiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving the city to the victorious Byzantine general, Belisarius. * 1088 – Election of Urban II as the 159th Pope of the Cat ...

Neal Obermeyer Neal Obermeyer (March 12, 1978) is an editorial cartoonist for the ''Lincoln Journal-Star'', the ''San Diego Reader'', and the ''Omaha Reader''. He currently resides in Omaha, Nebraska, United States. Early life Obermeyer was born on March 12, 1 ...

, American editorial cartoonist ** Claudio Sanchez, American writer and musician *

March 13 Events Pre-1600 *624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Muslims and Quraysh. *1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War. *1591 – At the Battle of Tond ...

Tom Danielson Thomas Danielson (born March 13, 1978) is an American retired professional road racing cyclist who competed professionally between 2002 and 2015 for the Mercury Cycling Team (2002), the Saturn Cycling Team (2003), (2004), (2005–2007) and (200 ...

, American cyclist ** Kenny Watson, American football player *

** Pieter van den Hoogenband, Dutch swimmer **

Carl Johan Bergman Carl Johan Bergman (born 14 March 1978) is a former Swedish biathlete. He lives in Lillehammer, Norway with his Norwegian wife, Liv Kjersti Eikeland. He is (174 cm), and weighs 152 lb . He studies computer science at the Norwegian ...

, Swedish biathlete **

Moon Hee-joon Moon Hee-joon (; or spelled Moon Hee-jun; born March 14, 1978) is a South Korean pop rock singer-songwriter signed under SidusHQ. He initially rose to fame as the leader of former boy band H.O.T. under SM Entertainment. Biography 1996–2001: ...

, Korean singer *

–

Flavio Furtado ''Flavio, re de' Longobardi'' ("Flavio, King of the Lombards", HWV 16) is an opera seria in three acts by George Frideric Handel. The Italian-language libretto was by Nicola Francesco Haym, after Matteo Noris's ''Flavio Cuniberto''. It was Hand ...

, Cape Verdean boxer * March 16 ** Matthew Montgomery, American actor **

Brooke Burns Brooke Elizabeth Burns (born March 16, 1978) is an American fashion model, game show host, actress, and television personality. Burns began her television career in 1995, portraying the supporting character Out of the Blue (1996 TV series), Pe ...

, American fashion model and actress * March 17 – Patrick Seitz, American voice actor * March 18 ** Antonio Margarito, Mexican-American boxer ** Fernandão, Brazilian footballer *

March 21 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: King Vitiges attempts to assault the northern and eastern city walls, but is repulsed at the Praenestine Gate, known as the ''Vivarium'', by the defenders under the Byzantine generals Bessas an ...

** Rani Mukerji, Indian actress ** Mohammad Rezaei (wrestler, born 1978), Mohammad Rezaei, Iranian wrestler *

**Josh Heupel, American football player and coach **Vanessa Senior, Venezuelan comedian and actress. * March 23 ** Simon Gärdenfors, Swedish cartoonist and radio host ** Nicholle Tom, American actress ** Perez Hilton, American actor and blogger * March 29 – Igor Rakočević, Serbian basketball player * March 30 – Simon Webbe, English singer

April

– Nick Berg, American businessman (d.

) * April 3 ** Matthew Goode, English actor ** John Smit, South African rugby union player * April 4 – Sam Moran, Australian singer * April 5 ** Franziska van Almsick, German swimmer ** Arnaud Tournant, French track cyclist ** Stephen Jackson, American basketball player * April 6 ** Tim Hasselbeck, American football player ** Myleene Klass, English singer, pianist, and model ** Martín Méndez, Uruguayan musician and songwriter ** Lauren Ridloff, African-American actress * April 7 ** Duncan James, English singer ** Adrienne Haan, German-Luxembourgish actress, singer, writer and producer *

** Jorge Andrade, Portuguese footballer ** Takashi Ohara, Japanese voice actor ** Rachel Stevens, English singer * April 10 – Rokhaya Diallo, French writer and filmmaker * April 12 ** Guy Berryman, Scottish musician ** Cheeming Boey, Malaysian artist ** Riley Smith, American actor * April 13 ** Kyle Howard, American television and movie actor ** Carles Puyol, Spanish footballer * April 15 ** Luis Fonsi, Puerto Rican singer and songwriter ** Chris Stapleton, American country singer and guitarist * April 16 ** Lara Dutta, Indian actress and beauty queen ** Matthew Lloyd, Australian rules footballer * April 17 ** Juan Guillermo Castillo, Uruguayan goalkeeper ** Jason White (rugby union), Jason White, Scottish rugby union player * April 19 – James Franco, American actor * April 20 ** Matthew Wilkas, American actor, playwright and reality television personality ** Matt Austin (actor), Matt Austin, Canadian actor ** Alessandro Rigotti, Italian voice actor * April 21 – Jukka Nevalainen, Finnish drummer *

** Esteban Tuero, Argentine Formula One driver ** Manu Intiraymi, American actor * April 23 – Princess Tamara Czartoryski-Borbon, Tamara Czartoryski-Borbon, Spanish athlete * April 25 – Duncan Kibet, Kenyan long-distance runner * April 26 ** Stana Katic, Canadian-American actress ** Shinnosuke Tachibana, Japanese voice actor * April 28 ** Robert Oliveri, American former actor ** Roman Karmen, Soviet war camera-man and film director * April 29 ** Bob and Mike Bryan, American doubles tennis team ** Tyler Labine, Canadian actor

May

Jason Biggs at Paley Fest Orange Is The New Black

* May 4 – Daisuke Ono, Japanese voice actor * May 6 ** Tony Estanguet, French slalom canoeist ** Aleksandr Fyodorov (bodybuilder), Aleksandr Fyodorov, Russian bodybuilder * May 10 – Kenan Thompson, African-American actor and comedian * May 11 ** Laetitia Casta, French supermodel and actress ** Judy Ann Santos, Filipino actress * May 12 ** Hossein Rezazadeh, Iranian weightlifter ** Jason Biggs, American actor ** Aya Ishiguro, Japanese singer, writer, and fashion designer ** Malin Åkerman, Swedish-Canadian actress *

** Dwayne De Rosario, Canadian footballer ** Caroline Dhavernas, French-Canadian actress ** Krzysztof Ignaczak, Polish volleyball player *

– Ricardo Carvalho, Portuguese footballer * May 19 – Marcus Bent, English footballer *** *

** Katie Price (Jordan), English model and television personality ** Ginnifer Goodwin, American actress * May 25 – Adam Gontier, Canadian singer * May 28 ** Jake Johnson, American actor and comedian ** Tomohiko Ito (footballer), Tomohiko Ito, Japanese footballer * May 29 – Pelle Almqvist, Swedish singer-songwriter * May 30 – Lyoto Machida, Brazilian mixed martial artist * May 31 – Sara Duterte, 15th Vice President of the Philippines

June

– Antonietta Di Martino, Italian high-jumper * June 2 ** Nikki Cox, American actress ** Justin Long, American actor * June 4 – Simone Maludrottu, Italian boxer * June 5 – Nick Kroll, American actor and comedian * June 6 ** Konstantīns Konstantinovs, Latvian powerlifter (d. 2018) ** Mariana Popova, Bulgarian singer * June 7 – Bill Hader, American actor and comedian * June 8 ** Maria Menounos, American actress, journalist, and television presenter ** Eun Ji-won, South Korean rapper and singer * June 9 ** Michaela Conlin, American actress ** Miroslav Klose, German footballer ** Matt Bellamy, British musician and singer * June 10 ** Han Hee-won, South Korean golfer ** DJ Qualls, American actor, producer, and model ** Shane West, American actor * June 11 – Joshua Jackson, Canadian actor * June 13 – Faizal Yusof, Malaysian actor (d. 2011) * June 14 – Nikola Vujčić, Croatian basketball player and general manager (basketball), team manager of Maccabi Tel Aviv B.C., Maccabi Tel Aviv * June 15 ** Wilfred Bouma, Dutch footballer * June 16 – Daniel Brühl, German actor * June 19 ** Mía Maestro, Argentine actress ** Dirk Nowitzki, German basketball player ** Zoe Saldana, American actress *

– Frank Lampard, English footballer *

** Erica Durance, Canadian actress ** Jean-Pascal Lacoste, French singer, actor and television host ** Ignacio Corleto, Argentine rugby union player * June 22 ** Tim Driesen, Belgian actor and singer-songwriter ** Dan Wheldon, English racing driver (d. 2011) * June 23 ** Gladys Reyes, Filipino actress ** Frédéric Leclercq, French musician * June 24 ** Emppu Vuorinen, Finnish musician ** Juan Román Riquelme, Argentine footballer ** Shunsuke Nakamura, Japanese footballer * June 25 ** Aramis Ramírez, Dominican baseball player ** Aftab Shivdasani, Indian actor * June 26 ** Daniel Constantin (politician), Daniel Constantin, Romanian politician ** Cristian Lucchetti, Argentine footballer * June 28 – Ha Ji-won, South Korean actress and singer * June 29 ** Luke Kirby, Canadian actor ** Nicole Scherzinger, American singer ** Steve Savidan, French footballer

July

Pavel Datsyuk exercising, 2015 — Cropping

* July 1 ** Hillary Tuck, American actress ** Aleki Lutui, Tongan rugby player ** Liu Kwok Man, Chinese footballer ** Mark Hunter (rower), Mark Hunter, British rower * July 2 ** Ganesh (actor), Ganesh, Indian actor and television presenter ** Diana Gurtskaya, Georgian singer ** Jüri Ratas, Estonian politician and 18th Prime Minister of Estonia * July 3 ** Jesse Leach, America vocalist ** Mizuki Noguchi, Japanese long-distance runner * July 4 – Becki Newton, American actress * July 5 ** Andreas Baum, German politician ** Nandamuri Kalyan Ram, Indian actor and film producer * July 6 ** Daphne Iking, Malaysian television personality and actress ** Danil Khalimov, Kazakh Greco-Roman wrestler ** Tia Mowry, Tia and Tamera Mowry, African-American actresses ** Kevin Senio, New Zealand rugby union footballer * July 7 ** Chris Andersen, American basketball player ** DJ Manian, German music producer and DJ ** Marino Franchitti, British racing driver ** Mark Sloan (wrestler), Mark Sloan, British professional wrestler * July 8 ** Rachael Lillis, American voice actress ** Erin Morgenstern, American artist and author ** Garth Mulroy, South African golfer * July 9 ** Kyle Davis (actor), Kyle Davis, American actor ** Dmitri Dyuzhev, Russian actor and singer ** Mark Medlock, German singer ** Linda Park, Korean-born actress * July 10 ** Ray Kay, Norwegian director and photographer ** Jesse Lacey, American singer-songwriter *

** Kris Law, Malaysian actor ** Kim Kang-woo, South Korean actor ** Dustin Demri-Burns, English actor, comedian, writer ** Mattias Gustafsson, Swedish handball player * July 12 ** Topher Grace, American actor ** Michelle Rodriguez, American actress * July 13 ** Gary David, Filipino professional basketball player ** Jessica Barth, American actress * July 15 ** Matt Mitrione, American mixed martial artist ** Greg Sestero, French-American actor and model * July 16 – Ahmede Hussain, Bangladeshi writer * July 17 ** Panda Bear (musician), Panda Bear, American musician ** Justine Triet, French actress * July 18 ** Shane Horgan, Irish rugby player ** Crystal Mangum, American murderer responsible for making false rape allegations in the Duke lacrosse case ** Virginia Raggi, Italian lawyer, politician ** Joo Sang-wook, South Korean actor ** Vladimir Tintor (actor), Vladimir Tintor, Serbian film actor * July 19 – Atsushi Harada, Japanese actor * July 20 ** Pavel Datsyuk, Russian ice hockey player ** Tamsyn Manou, Australian athlete * July 21 ** Josh Hartnett, American actor ** Kyoko Iwasaki, Japanese swimmer * July 22 ** A. J. Cook, Canadian actress ** Ryan Eigenmann, Filipino actor ** Kyōko Hasegawa, Japanese model and actress * July 23 ** Stuart Elliott (footballer, born 1978), Stuart Elliott, Northern Irish footballer ** Stefanie Sun, Singapore singer *

** Louise Brown, British citizen, first human born through in vitro fertilisation ** Gerard Warren, American football player * July 26 ** Jehad Muntasser, Libyan footballer ** Eve Myles, Welsh actress * July 28 – Hitomi Yaida, Japanese singer * July 31 ** Zac Brown Band, Zac Brown, American country singer-songwriter and guitarist ** Nick Sorensen, American football player and sportscaster ** Justin Wilson (racing driver), Justin Wilson, English race car driver (d. 2015) * July – Caucher Birkar, born Fereydoun Derakhshani, Kurdish-born mathematician

August

Kel Mitchell Photo Op GalaxyCon Richmond 2019

* August 3 ** Mariusz Jop, Polish footballer ** Shanelle Workman, American actress * August 4 – Kurt Busch, American race car driver * August 5 ** Carolina Duer, Argentine boxer ** Harel Levy, Israeli tennis player * August 6 ** Marisa Miller, American supermodel ** Freeway (rapper), Freeway, American rapper ** Peng Cheng-min, Taiwanese baseball player ** Iñaki Rueda, Spanish racing strategist * August 7 ** Alexandre Aja, French director ** Vanness Wu, Taiwanese singer * August 8 ** Countess Vaughn, American actress ** Natsuko Kuwatani, Japanese voice actress * August 9 – Daniela Denby-Ashe, English actress * August 10 – Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono, Indonesian politician and former military officer * August 15 ** Jennie Eisenhower, American actress ** Kerri Walsh Jennings, American beach volleyball player * August 17 ** Vibeke Stene, Norwegian rock singer ** Jelena Karleuša, Serbian pop singer * August 18 – Andy Samberg, American actor and comedian * August 20 – Noah Bean, American actor * August 21 ** Reuben Droughns, American football player ** Alan Lee (footballer), Alan Lee, Irish footballer * August 22 ** Vitaliy Balytskyi, Ukrainian football player and manager (d. 2018) ** James Corden, British comedian and television personality * August 23 ** Kobe Bryant, American basketball player (d.

) ** Julian Casablancas, American singer-songwriter and musician * August 24 – Rafael Furcal, Dominican baseball player * August 25 – Kel Mitchell, American actor, stand-up comedian, musician, singer, and rapper * August 26 – Amanda Schull, American actress * August 27 – Suranne Jones, English actress * August 28 ** Kelly Overton (actress), Kelly Overton, American actress ** Rachel Kimsey, American actress ** Sam Wills, New Zealand comic * August 29 – Danielle Hampton, Canadian actress * August 31 ** Ido Pariente, Israeli mixed martial artist ** Jennifer Ramírez Rivero, Venezuelan model and businesswoman (d. 2018)

September

WW Chicago 2015 - Ben McKenzie 01 (20861231919)

Ron DeSantis, Official Portrait, 113th Congress

* September 1 – Max Vieri, Italian Australian footballer * September 3 – Tinkara Kovač, Slovenian singer and musician * September 4 ** Wes Bentley, American actor ** Frederik Veuchelen, Belgian cyclist * September 6 ** Mathew Horne, English actor ** Homare Sawa, Japanese footballer *

– Devon Sawa, Canadian actor * September 9 – Gina Gogean, Romania artistic gymnast * September 11 ** Ed Reed, American football player ** Ben Lee, Australian singer ** Else-Marthe Sørlie Lybekk, Norwegian handball player * September 12 ** Ruben Studdard, American singer ** Ben McKenzie, American actor * September 13 ** Megan Henning, American actress ** Swizz Beatz, American record producer and rapper * September 14 ** Ben Cohen (rugby union), Ben Cohen, English rugby union player ** Ron DeSantis, American politician, 46th Governor of Florida ** Carmen Kass, Estonian supermodel * September 15 ** Eiður Guðjohnsen, Icelandic football player ** David Sneddon, Scottish singer-songwriter * September 18 – Billy Eichner, American actor and comedian * September 20 ** Jason Bay, Canadian baseball player ** Patrizio Buanne, Italian singer ** Sarit Hadad, Israeli pop singer * September 21 ** Doug Howlett, New Zealand rugby union player ** Josh Thomson, American mixed martial artist * September 22 – Harry Kewell, Australian footballer *

** Anthony Mackie, American actor ** Worm Miller, American screenwriter, director and actor ** Keri Lynn Pratt, American actress *

– Wietse van Alten, Dutch archer * September 25 ** Jodie Kidd, English model ** Rossif Sutherland, Canadian actor * September 27 – Ani Lorak, Ukrainian singer *

**Dane Boedigheimer, American Internet personality **Pastora Soler, Spanish singer * September 29 – Kurt Nilsen, Norwegian singer *

– Candice Michelle, American professional wrestler and model

October

* October 1 – Katie Aselton, American actress * October 2 – Ayumi Hamasaki, Japanese singer * October 3 ** Jake Shears, American singer and songwriter ** Claudio Pizarro, Peruvian footballer ** Gerald Asamoah, German footballer ** Ricardo Rocha (footballer, born 1978), Ricardo Rocha, Portuguese footballer ** Christian Coulson, English actor ** Shannyn Sossamon, American actress * October 4 ** Dana Davis, American actress ** Mark Day (actor), Mark Day, Canadian actor ** Phillip Glasser, American actor and producer ** Kei Horie, Japanese actor * October 5 ** Shane Ryan (Dublin Gaelic footballer), Shane Ryan, Irish Gaelic footballer ** James Valentine (musician), James Valentine, American musician ** Morgan Webb, television personality * October 7 – Omar Benson Miller, American actor * October 9 – Nicky Byrne, Irish musician (Westlife) * October 10 – QBoy, UK-based rapper, producer, DJ, writer and presenter *

** Paul Hunter, English snooker player (d. 2006) ** Usher (musician), Usher, American singer and actor, is born. * October 17 – Pablo Iglesias Turrión, Spanish politician * October 20 ** Tomohiko Itō (director), Tomohiko Ito, Japanese anime director ** Michael Johns (singer), Michael Johns, Australian singer (d. 2014) ** Kira (German singer), Kira, German singer ** Dionne Quan, American voice actress ** Virender Sehwag, Indian cricketer * October 21 – Joey Harrington, American football player * October 24 – Carlos Edwards, Trinidadian footballer * October 25 ** Russell Anderson, Scottish footballer ** Zachary Knighton, American actor ** David T. Little, American composer and drummer * October 26 – CM Punk, American professional wrestler *

** David Walton (actor), David Walton, American actor ** Vanessa-Mae, Singaporean violinist * October 28 ** Justin Guarini, American singer ** Gwendoline Christie, English actress and model * October 29 – Travis Henry, American football player * October 30 – Matthew Morrison, American actor and singer

November

* November 1 ** Jessica Valenti, American blogger and writer ** Manju Warrier, Indian actress ** Mary Kate Schellhardt, American actress *

– Tim McIlrath, American singer * November 4 – Shaun Berrigan, Australian rugby league player * November 5 ** Bubba Watson, American golfer ** Xavier Tondo, Spanish cyclist (d. 2011) * November 6 ** Nicole Dubuc, American actress and writer ** Taryn Manning, American actress ** Sandrine Blancke, Belgian actress * November 7 ** Zaheer Khan, Indian cricketer ** Mark Read (singer), Mark Read, English singer (A1 (band), A1) * November 8 ** Moses Michael Levi Barrow (born Jamal Michael Barrow), better known by his stage name Shyne, Belizean rapper and politician ** Ali Karimi, Iranian football player * November 9 – Sisqó, American actor and singer * November 10 ** Nadine Angerer, German footballer ** Kyla Cole, Czech model ** Diplo, American DJ and music producer ** Eve (rapper), Eve, African-American rapper ** Akemi Kanda, Japanese voice actress ** Drew McConnell, English musician * November 12 – Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy, Pakistani journalist, activist and filmmaker * November 13 – Hsu Wei Lun, Taiwanese actress (d. 2007) * November 14 ** Bobby Allen (ice hockey), Bobby Allen, American ice hockey player ** Xavier Nady, American baseball player * November 17 ** Rachel McAdams, Canadian actress ** Reggie Wayne, American football player * November 18 ** Daniel Chong, American animator ** Damien Johnson, Northern Irish footballer ** Aldo Montano (fencer born 1978), Aldo Montano, Italian fencer * November 19 ** Chad Doreck, American actor ** Matt Dusk, Canadian musician and singer * November 22 – Karen O, American singer-songwriter and musician * November 23 – Destin Daniel Cretton, American film director * November 24 – Katherine Heigl, American actress * November 25 – Shiina Ringo, Japanese singer and musician *

– Jun Fukuyama, Japanese voice actor * November 27 – Mike Skinner (musician), Mike Skinner, English musician * November 28 – Aimee Garcia, American actress * November 29 – Lauren German, American actress * November 30 ** Clay Aiken, American singer-songwriter and author ** Gael García Bernal, Mexican actor ** Robert Kirkman, American comic book writer

December

* December 1 – Stefan Kapičić, Serbian actor * December 2 ** Nelly Furtado, Portuguese-Canadian singer and songwriter ** Alo Kõrve, Estonian actor *

– Lars Bystøl, Norwegian ski jumper * December 5 ** Neil Druckmann, Israeli-American video game writer and programmer, founder of Naughty Dog ** Olli Jokinen, Finnish ice hockey player * December 7 ** Shiri Appleby, American actress ** Kristofer Hivju, Norwegian actor * December 8 ** Chung-Ming Wang, Taiwan Wikipedian, politician, environmentalist and gay rights activist. ** Ian Somerhalder, American actor * December 9 – Gastón Gaudio, Argentine tennis player * December 10 – Summer Phoenix, American actress * December 12 – Monica Bîrlădeanu, Romanian actress * December 17 ** Riteish Deshmukh, Indian actor, architect, producer and entrepreneur ** Manny Pacquiao, Filipino boxer and politician * December 18 ** Daniel Cleary, Canadian ice hockey player ** Josh Dallas, American actor ** Katie Holmes, American actress * December 19 – Patrick Casey (writer), Patrick Casey, American screenwriter and actor * December 20 ** Geremi, Cameroon footballer ** Jacqueline Saburido, Venezuelan-American social activist (d. 2019) **Waleed al-Shehri, 9/11 terrorist (d. 2001) * December 21 – Shaun Morgan, South African musician and singer-songwriter * December 22 ** Edo Maajka, Bosnian rapper ** Emmanuel Olisadebe, Polish-Nigerian footballer ** Joanne Kelly, Canadian actress * December 23 ** Víctor Martínez (baseball), Víctor Martínez, Venezuelan baseball player ** Estella Warren, Canadian swimmer, model, and actress * December 24 – Yıldıray Baştürk, Turkish footballer * December 25 ** Paula Seling, Romanian singer and radio DJ ** Jeremy Strong (actor), Jeremy Strong, American actor * December 26 – Kaoru Sugayama, Japanese volleyball player * December 28 – John Legend, African-American singer-songwriter, pianist, and actor * December 29 ** Alexis Amore, Peruvian actress, dancer, and model ** Angelo Taylor, American athlete * December 30 ** Tyrese Gibson, African-American singer, songwriter, rapper, actor, model, and screenwriter ** Zbigniew Robert Promiński, Inferno, Polish musician * December 31 – Yulia Barsukova, Russian rhythmic gymnast

Date unknown

*Hind Shoufani, poet, director, and producer, born in Beirut, Lebanon

Deaths

January

– Burt Munro, New Zealand motorcycle racer (b. 1899) *

– Hubert Humphrey, 38th Vice President of the United States (b. 1911) *

– Kurt Gödel, Austrian-American logician, mathematician, and philosopher (b. 1906) *

– Herbert Sutcliffe, English cricketer (b. 1894) * January 23 ** Terry Kath, American rock musician (Chicago (band), Chicago) (b. 1946) ** Jack Oakie, American actor (b. 1903) * January 26 – Leo Genn, English actor and barrister (b. 1905) * January 29 – Tim McCoy, American actor (b. 1891) * January 30 – Marie-Louise Damien, French actress (b. 1889)

February

– Warren King (cartoonist), Warren King, American cartoonist (b. 1916) *

– Redento Maria Gauci, Maltese Carmelite bishop (b. 1920) *

– James B. Conant, American chemist (b. 1893) *

– Ilka Chase, American actress (b. 1905) * February 17 – Artemiy Artsikhovsky, Soviet archaeologist and historian (b. 1902) * February 18 – Maggie McNamara, American actress (b. 1928) *

– Pankaj Mullick, Bengali composer and singer (b. 1904) *

– Alma Thomas, African American painter (b. 1891) *

– Philip Ahn, Korean-born American actor (b. 1905)

March

– Paul Scott (novelist), Paul Scott, English writer (b. 1920) *

– John Cazale, American actor (b. 1935) * March 17 ** Eddie Aikau, American lifeguard and surfer (b. 1946) ** Giacomo Violardo, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1898) * March 19 – Gaston Julia, French mathematician (b. 1893) *

– Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh, Irish barrister, judge and 5th President of Ireland (b. 1911) *

– Isidro Ayora, 22nd President of Ecuador (b. 1879) * March 24 – André Lallemand, French astronomer (b. 1904) * March 31 – Astrid Allwyn, American actress (b. 1905)

April

Sandy_Denny_-_Fairport_Convention_(1974)

* April 8 – Lon L. Fuller, American legal philosopher (b. 1902) *

– Vivian McGrath, Australian tennis player (b. 1916) * April 13 – Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti, Nigerian suffragist and women's rights activist (b. 1900) * April 16 ** Lucius D. Clay, American military governor of Germany after

(b. 1897) ** Philibert Tsiranana, Malagasy leader and politician, 1st President of Madagascar (b. 1912) *

– Katherine Schmidt, American artist (b. 1899) * April 21 – Sandy Denny, British singer-songwriter (b. 1947) *

** Ralston Crawford, American abstract painter, lithographer, and photographer (b. 1906) ** John Doeg, American tennis player (b. 1908)

May

* May 1 – Aram Khachaturian, Soviet-Armenian composer and conductor (b. 1903) * May 6 – Ethelda Bleibtrey, American Olympic swimmer (b. 1902) *

– Duncan Grant, Scottish painter (b. 1885) *

– Aldo Moro, Italian Christian Democratic politician and statesman, 38th Prime Minister of Italy (assassinated) (b. 1916) * May 13 – Alby Roberts, New Zealander cricketer (b. 1909) *

– Robert Menzies, Sir Robert Menzies, 12th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1894) * May 16 – William Steinberg, German-American conductor (b. 1899) * May 17 – Armin T. Wegner, German human rights activist (b. 1886) *

– Selwyn Lloyd, Baron Selwyn-Lloyd, English politician (b. 1904) *

** Joseph Colombo, American gangster (b. 1923) ** Aubrey Fitch, American admiral (b. 1883) *

– Tamara Karsavina, Soviet ballerina (b. 1885) * May 27 – Jorge Icaza Coronel, Jorge Icyaza, Ecuadorean novelist (b. 1906) * May 31 ** József Bozsik, Hungarian footballer (b. 1925) ** José Gonzalvo, Spanish footballer and manager (b. 1920)

June

* June 2 – Santiago Bernabéu Yeste, Santiago Bernabéu, Spanish footballer, player and president of Real Madrid C.F. (b. 1906) * June 4 – Jorge de Sena, Portuguese novelist and poet (b. 1919) * June 7 – Ronald George Wreyford Norrish, British chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897) * June 12 – Guo Moruo, Chinese archaeologist, historian, poet, politician, and writer (b. 1892) * June 17 – Robert B. Williams (actor), Robert Williams, American actor (b. 1904) *

– Mark Robson (film director), Mark Robson, Canadian film director (b. 1913) * June 24 – Ahmad al-Ghashmi, 4th President of the Yemen Arab Republic (b. 1935) * June 27 – Josette Day, French actress (b. 1914) * June 28 – Clifford Dupont, 1st President of Rhodesia (b. 1905) * June 29 – Bob Crane, American actor, drummer, radio host, and disc jockey (b. 1928)

July

* July 1 – Kurt Student, Luftwaffe general and commander of the German airborne forces during World War II. (b. 1890) * July 3 – James Daly (actor), James Daly, American actor (b. 1918) * July 7 – Francisco Mendes, Guinea-Bissau politician, 1st Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (b. 1939) * July 10 – Abd ar-Razzaq an-Naif, 31st Prime Minister of Iraq (b. 1934) * July 14 – Gaston Ragueneau, French athlete (b. 1881) * July 16 – Howard Estabrook, American actor (b. 1884) * July 17 – Thayer David, American actor (b. 1927) * July 27 – Willem van Otterloo, Dutch conductor, cellist and composer (b. 1907) * July 30 – Umberto Nobile, Italian aviator and explorer (b. 1885) * July 31 – Prince Rostislav Alexandrovich of Russia (b. 1902)

August

* August 1 – W. E. Butler, British occultist (b. 1898) * August 6 ** Pope Paul VI (b. 1897) ** Edward Durell Stone, American architect (b. 1902) * August 19 – Emilio Núñez Portuondo, Cuban diplomat and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Cuba (b. 1898) * August 22 – Jomo Kenyatta, Kenyan activist, politician and statesman, 1st Prime Minister of Kenya and 1st President of Kenya (b. 1894) * August 23 – Agustín Isunza, Mexican actor (b. 1900) * August 24 – Louis Prima, Italian-born American singer and actor (b. 1910) * August 25 ** Olivier Hussenot, French actor (b. 1913) ** George E. Jonas, American philanthropist (b. 1897) * August 26 ** Charles Boyer, French actor (b. 1899) ** José Manuel Moreno, Argentine football player (b. 1916) * August 28 ** Kofi Abrefa Busia, Ghanese nationalist leader, 2nd Prime Minister of Ghana (b. 1913) ** Robert Shaw (actor), Robert Shaw, British actor (b. 1927)

September

* September 3 – Karin Molander, Swedish actress (b. 1906) * September 4 – Leonora Cohen, British suffragette and trade unionist (b. 1873) * September 6 – Adolf Dassler – Founder of Adidas (b. 1900) *

– Keith Moon, English rock drummer (The Who) (b. 1946) * September 8 – Ricardo Zamora, Spanish footballer (b. 1901) * September 9 ** Hugh MacDiarmid, Scottish poet (b. 1892) ** Jack L. Warner, Canadian-American film producer (b. 1892) * September 11 ** Mike Gazella, American baseball player (b. 1895) ** Valerian Gracias, Indian Roman Catholic archbishop and cardinal (b. 1911) ** Georgi Markov, Bulgarian playwright and writer (b. 1929) ** Ronnie Peterson, Swedish Formula One driver (b. 1944) * September 12 – Frank Ferguson, American actor (b. 1899) * September 15 – Willy Messerschmitt, German aircraft designer and manufacturer (b. 1898) * September 21 – Peter Vogel (actor), Peter Vogel, German film actor (b. 1937) *

–

, American baseball player (b. 1950) *

– Hasso von Manteuffel, German army general (b. 1897) * September 27 – Sergei Aslamazyan, Soviet composer (b. 1897) *

– Pope John Paul I (b. 1912) *

– Edgar Bergen, American actor and ventriloquist (b. 1903)

October

* October 4 – Roy L. Dennis, American teenager who had craniodiaphyseal dysplasia (b. 1961) *

– Karl Swenson, American actor (b. 1908) * October 9 – Jacques Brel, Belgian singer (b. 1929) * October 10 ** Ralph Metcalfe, American Olympic athlete (b. 1910) ** Hermes Lima, former Prime Minister and Foreign Minister of Brazil (b. 1902) * October 11 – Ruthven Todd, Scottish poet, artist, and novelist (b. 1914) * October 12 – Nancy Spungen, American groupie and girlfriend of Sid Vicious (b. 1958) * October 15 – W. Eugene Smith, American photojournalist (b. 1918) * October 16 – Dan Dailey, American actor (b. 1915) * October 19 – Gig Young, American actor (b. 1913) * October 21 – Anastas Mikoyan, Russian revolutionary and Soviet statesman (b. 1895) * October 23 – Prince Roman Petrovich of Russia (b. 1896) * October 28 – Geoffrey Unsworth, British cinematographer (b. 1914)

November

* November 4 – Arshad al-Umari, 15th Prime Minister of Iraq (b. 1888) * November 8 – Norman Rockwell, American artist (b. 1894) * November 10 – Theo Lingen, German actor (b. 1903) * November 15 – Margaret Mead, American anthropologist (b. 1901) * November 18 ** Leo Ryan, American politician (b. 1925) ** Jim Jones, American cult leader (b. 1931) * November 20 – Giorgio de Chirico, Italian painter (b. 1888) * November 24 – Warren Weaver, American scientist and mathematician (b. 1894) * November 27 –

, American politician and then-mayor of

* November 27 – Harvey Milk, American politician and activist (b. 1930)

December

* December 3 – William Grant Still, American composer (b. 1895) * December 7 – Alexander Wetmore, American ornithologist and avian palaeontologist (b. 1886) * December 8 – Golda Meir, Israeli teacher, politician and stateswoman, 4th Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1898) * December 10 ** Emilio Portes Gil, Acting president of Mexico, 1928-1930 (b. 1890) ** Ed Wood, American filmmaker, actor and author (b. 1924) * December 11 – Vincent du Vigneaud, American biochemist (b. 1901) * December 12 – Fay Compton, English actress (b. 1894) * December 14 – Salvador de Madariaga, Spanish diplomat, writer, historian, and pacifist (b. 1886) * December 17 – Don Ellis, American jazz trumpeter, drummer, composer, and bandleader (b. 1934) * December 27 ** Chris Bell (American musician), Chris Bell, American musician (b. 1951) ** Houari Boumédiènne, 2nd President of Algeria (b. 1932) * December 31 – Nicolau dos Reis Lobato, East Timorese politician, acting President of East Timor (b. 1946)

Nobel Prizes

* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa, Arno Allan Penzias, Robert Woodrow Wilson * Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Peter D. Mitchell * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Medicine – Werner Arber, Daniel Nathans, Hamilton O. Smith * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Isaac Bashevis Singer * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – Anwar Sadat, Mohamed Anwar Al-Sadat and

* Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Economics – Herbert A. Simon

References

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