1774 Murders In North America
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Events


January–March

* January 21 –
Mustafa III Mustafa III (; ''Muṣṭafā-yi sālis''; 28 January 1717 – 21 January 1774) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1757 to 1774. He was a son of Sultan Ahmed III (1703–30), and his consort Mihrişah Kadın. He was succeeded by his ...
,
Sultan Sultan (; ar, سلطان ', ) is a position with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", derived from the verbal noun ', meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it ...
of the Ottoman Empire, dies and is succeeded by his brother Abdul Hamid I. *
January 27 Events Pre-1600 * 98 – Trajan succeeds his adoptive father Nerva as Roman emperor; under his rule the Roman Empire will reach its maximum extent. * 945 – The co-emperors Stephen and Constantine are overthrown and forced to becom ...
** An angry crowd in Boston, Massachusetts seizes, tars, and feathers British customs collector and Loyalist John Malcolm, for striking a boy and a shoemaker, George Hewes, with his cane. ** British industrialist John Wilkinson patents a method for boring cannon from the solid, subsequently utilised for accurate boring of
steam engine A steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid. The steam engine uses the force produced by steam pressure to push a piston back and forth inside a cylinder. This pushing force can be trans ...
cylinders. *
February 3 Events Pre-1600 * 1112 – Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, and Douce I, Countess of Provence, marry, uniting the fortunes of those two states. *1451 – Sultan Mehmed II inherits the throne of the Ottoman Empire. *1488 – ...
– The Privy Council of Great Britain, as advisors to King George III, votes for the King's abolition of free land grants of North American lands. Henceforward, land is to be sold at auction to the highest bidder. *
February 6 Events Pre-1600 * 1579 – The Archdiocese of Manila is made a diocese by a papal bull with Domingo de Salazar being its first bishop. 1601–1900 * 1685 – James II of England and VII of Scotland is proclaimed King upon the death of ...
– France's Parliament votes a sentence of civil degradation, depriving Pierre Beaumarchais of all rights and duties of citizenship. * February 7 – The volunteer fire company of Trenton, New Jersey, predecessor to the paid Trenton Fire Department created in 1892, is founded. In 1905, at 131 years, it claims to be the oldest continuously serving department in the U.S. *
February 24 Events Pre-1600 * 484 – King Huneric of the Vandals replaces Nicene bishops with Arian ones, and banishes some to Corsica. * 1303 – The English are defeated at the Battle of Roslin, in the First War of Scottish Independence. * 13 ...
– The Province of Massachusetts Bay House of Representatives votes, 92 to 8, to impeach Superior Court Chief Justice Peter Oliver, but Provincial Governor Thomas Hutchinson refuses to allow the trial to proceed. * March 10 – The ''Boston Journal'' makes the first reference to the " Stars and Stripes" flag to symbolize the American colonies, reporting that "The American ensign now sparkles a door which shall shortly flame from the skies." *
March 31 Events Pre-1600 * 307 – After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine the Great, Constantine marries Fausta, daughter of the retired Roman emperor Maximian. *1146 – Bernard of Clairvaux preaches his famous sermon in a field at V ...
– Intolerable Acts: The British Parliament passes the
Boston Port Act The Boston Port Act, also called the Trade Act 1774, was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain which became law on March 31, 1774, and took effect on June 1, 1774. It was one of five measures (variously called the ''Intolerable Acts'', the ...
, closing the port of Boston, Massachusetts, as punishment for the Boston Tea Party.Gordon Carruth, ed., ''The Encyclopedia of American Facts and Dates'' 3rd Edition (Thomas Y. Crowell, 1962) pp80-82


April–June

* April 17 – The first avowedly
Unitarian Unitarian or Unitarianism may refer to: Christian and Christian-derived theologies A Unitarian is a follower of, or a member of an organisation that follows, any of several theologies referred to as Unitarianism: * Unitarianism (1565–present ...
congregation, Essex Street Chapel, is founded in London by Theophilus Lindsey. * April 19 – The premiere of '' Iphigénie en Aulide'' by
Christoph Willibald Gluck Christoph Willibald (Ritter von) Gluck (; 2 July 1714 – 15 November 1787) was a composer of Italian and French opera in the early classical period. Born in the Upper Palatinate and raised in Bohemia, both part of the Holy Roman Empire, he g ...
sparked a huge controversy, almost a war, such as has not been seen in Paris since the Querelle des Bouffons. *
May 10 Events Pre-1600 * 28 BC – A sunspot is observed by Han dynasty astronomers during the reign of Emperor Cheng of Han, one of the earliest dated sunspot observations in China. *1291 – Scottish nobles recognize the authority of Edw ...
– Louis XVI becomes King of France, following the death of his grandfather, Louis XV. * May 17 – The colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations issues the first call for an "Intercolonial Congress" that eventually is set up as the
Continental Congress The Continental Congress was a series of legislative bodies, with some executive function, for thirteen of Britain's colonies in North America, and the newly declared United States just before, during, and after the American Revolutionary War. ...
. * May 19 –
Shakers The United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing, more commonly known as the Shakers, are a Millenarianism, millenarian Restorationism, restorationist Christianity, Christian sect founded in England and then organized in the Unit ...
Ann Lee and eight followers sail from Liverpool, England for
colonial America The colonial history of the United States covers the history of European colonization of North America from the early 17th century until the incorporation of the Thirteen Colonies into the United States after the Revolutionary War. In the ...
. * June 2 – Intolerable Acts: A new Quartering Act, requiring
American colonists The colonial history of the United States covers the history of European colonization of North America from the early 17th century until the incorporation of the Thirteen Colonies into the United States after the Revolutionary War. In the ...
to provide better housing for British soldiers upon demand, is passed. * June 16– 17 – English explorer
James Cook James Cook (7 November 1728 Old Style date: 27 October – 14 February 1779) was a British explorer, navigator, cartographer, and captain in the British Royal Navy, famous for his three voyages between 1768 and 1779 in the Pacific Ocean an ...
becomes the first European to sight (and name) Palmerston Island in the South Pacific Ocean. *
June 20 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius' battles Attila the Hun. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory. * 1180 – First Battle of Uji, starting ...
(June 9 O.S.) –
Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774) The Russo-Turkish War of 1768–1774 was a major armed conflict that saw Russian arms largely victorious against the Ottoman Empire. Russia's victory brought parts of Moldavia, the Yedisan between the rivers Bug and Dnieper, and Crimea into the ...
: Battle of Kozludzha – The
Imperial Russian Army The Imperial Russian Army (russian: Ру́сская импера́торская а́рмия, tr. ) was the armed land force of the Russian Empire, active from around 1721 to the Russian Revolution of 1917. In the early 1850s, the Russian Ar ...
, led by Alexander Suvorov, routs numerically superior Ottoman Empire forces. * June 22 – The Parliament of Great Britain passes the Quebec Act, setting out rules of governance for the colony of Quebec in British North America, enlarging its territory as far south as Ohio and granting freedom of religion for Roman Catholics.


July–September

* July 21 – Russia and the Ottoman Empire sign the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca with Russian victory, ending six years of war. The treaty gives Russia the right to intervene in Ottoman politics, to protect its Christian subjects. * August 1 – The element oxygen is discovered for the third (and last, so far) time – the second quantitatively, following the somewhat earlier work of Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1771–1772) by Joseph Priestley, who publishes the fact in
1775 Events Summary The American Revolutionary War began this year, with the first military engagement being the April 19 Battles of Lexington and Concord on the day after Paul Revere's now-legendary ride. The Second Continental Congress t ...
, and so names the element (and usually gets all the credit, because his work was published first). *
August 6 Events Pre-1600 *1284 – The Republic of Pisa is defeated in the Battle of Meloria by the Republic of Genoa, thus losing its naval dominance in the Mediterranean. * 1538 – Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada ...
– Ann Lee and the Shakers arrive in America and settle in New York. * September 1 – Powder Alarm: Thomas Gage, royal governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, orders British soldiers to remove gunpowder from a
magazine A magazine is a periodical publication, generally published on a regular schedule (often weekly or monthly), containing a variety of content. They are generally financed by advertising, purchase price, prepaid subscriptions, or by a combinatio ...
, causing Patriots to prepare for war. * September 4 – English explorer
James Cook James Cook (7 November 1728 Old Style date: 27 October – 14 February 1779) was a British explorer, navigator, cartographer, and captain in the British Royal Navy, famous for his three voyages between 1768 and 1779 in the Pacific Ocean an ...
becomes the first European to sight (and name) the island of
New Caledonia ) , anthem = "" , image_map = New Caledonia on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg , map_alt = Location of New Caledonia , map_caption = Location of New Caledonia , mapsize = 290px , subdivision_type = Sovereign st ...
in Melanesia. * September 5 – The
First Continental Congress The First Continental Congress was a meeting of delegates from 12 of the 13 British colonies that became the United States. It met from September 5 to October 26, 1774, at Carpenters' Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, after the British Navy ...
assembles in Philadelphia. * September 15 – Yemelyan Pugachev, leader of Pugachev's Rebellion against Russia by the Yaik Cossacks, is betrayed by his own men after returning to Yaitsk (now Oral, Kazakhstan). * September 21 – George Mason and
George Washington George Washington (February 22, 1732, 1799) was an American military officer, statesman, and Founding Father who served as the first president of the United States from 1789 to 1797. Appointed by the Continental Congress as commander of th ...
found the Fairfax County Militia Association, a military unit independent of British control. * September 29 – Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's semi-autobiographical epistolary novel '' The Sorrows of Young Werther'' (''Die Leiden des jungen Werthers'') (written January–March) is published anonymously in Leipzig, Germany; it is influential in the '' Sturm und Drang'' movement and Romanticism.


October–December

* October 10 ** Dunmore's War –
Battle of Point Pleasant The Battle of Point Pleasant, also known as the Battle of Kanawha, was the only major action of Dunmore's War. It was fought on October 10, 1774, between the Virginia militia and Shawnee and Mingo warriors. Along the Ohio River near modern-day P ...
: Cornstalk is forced to make peace with Dunmore at the Treaty of Camp Charlotte, ceding Shawnee land claims south of the Ohio (modern Kentucky) to Virginia. ** English explorer James Cook becomes the first European to sight (and name)
Norfolk Island Norfolk Island (, ; Norfuk: ''Norf'k Ailen'') is an external territory of Australia located in the Pacific Ocean between New Zealand and New Caledonia, directly east of Australia's Evans Head and about from Lord Howe Island. Together with ...
in the Pacific Ocean, uninhabited at this date. * October 14 – The
Continental Congress The Continental Congress was a series of legislative bodies, with some executive function, for thirteen of Britain's colonies in North America, and the newly declared United States just before, during, and after the American Revolutionary War. ...
in America adopts the Declaration of Rights and Resolves, with 10 principles. * October 20 – The
First Continental Congress The First Continental Congress was a meeting of delegates from 12 of the 13 British colonies that became the United States. It met from September 5 to October 26, 1774, at Carpenters' Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, after the British Navy ...
passed the Continental Association, a colony-wide boycotting of British goods. Theater performances in the American colonies were also halted on the Congresses recommendation that the member colonies "discountenance and discourage all horse racing and all kinds of gaming, cock fighting, exhibitions of shows, plays, and other expensive diversions and entertainments." * October 21 – The word ''Liberty'' is first displayed on a flag raised by colonists in Taunton, Massachusetts, in defiance of British rule in
Colonial America The colonial history of the United States covers the history of European colonization of North America from the early 17th century until the incorporation of the Thirteen Colonies into the United States after the Revolutionary War. In the ...
. * October 25 – The
Edenton Tea Party The Edenton Tea Party was a political protest in Edenton, North Carolina, in response to the Tea Act, passed by the British Parliament in 1773. Inspired by the Boston Tea Party and the calls for tea boycotts and the resolutions of the first N ...
takes place in North Carolina, marking the first major gathering of women in support of the American cause. * October 26 – The first
Continental Congress The Continental Congress was a series of legislative bodies, with some executive function, for thirteen of Britain's colonies in North America, and the newly declared United States just before, during, and after the American Revolutionary War. ...
adjourns in Philadelphia. * November 4 – The Maryland Jockey Club follows a recommendation of the Continental Congress and cancels its race schedule. The decision sets a precedent for other jockey clubs in the colonies, and no major races are held until the end of the American Revolution. * November 10 –
1774 British general election The 1774 British general election returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 14th Parliament of Great Britain to be held, after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707. Lord North's government ...
: Voting for the House of Commons concludes in Great Britain, and Lord North retains the office of Prime Minister as his Tory coalition wins 343 of the 558 seats. Henry Seymour Conway's Whig Party wins the other 215 seats. * November 15 – The government of the Republic of Venice allows adventurer and ladies' man Giacomo Casanova to return home after a 17-year absence. * November 20 – Daniel Boone retires from the Virginia colonial militia in order to devote his full time to establishing a settlement in Kentucky. * November 25 – Salawat Yulayev, the leader of the Bashkirs rebellion against the Russian government, is captured, bringing an end to the insurrection. * November 26 – English chemist Joseph Priestley becomes the first person to discover and identify
sulfur dioxide Sulfur dioxide (IUPAC-recommended spelling) or sulphur dioxide (traditional Commonwealth English) is the chemical compound with the formula . It is a toxic gas responsible for the odor of burnt matches. It is released naturally by volcanic activ ...
. * November 27 – Spanish Navy Captain
Domingo de Bonechea Domingo Bernardo de Bonechea Andonaegui ( eu, Domingo Bonetxea Andonaegi), born on September 21, 1713, in Getaria, Basque Country, Spain, died in Tahiti on January 26, 1775, was a captain in the Spanish Royal Navy and an explorer for the Spanis ...
arrives at Tahiti in the ship ''Aguila'' and tries unsuccessfully to claim it for Spain and to convert the Tahitians to the Roman Catholic faith. * November 30 **Parliament adjourns in Great Britain, but declines to authorize any action against the rebellious American colonies, despite an address the day before by King George III and Prime Minister North. ** Thomas Paine, a native of England, arrives in America at the age 37 and soon becomes an influential advocate for the colonies' independence. * December 1 – A boycott called by the Continental Congress goes into effect, as participating merchants and supporters cease the importation or consumption of products from Great Britain, Ireland or the British West Indies. * December 6 – Archduchess
Maria Theresa Maria Theresa Walburga Amalia Christina (german: Maria Theresia; 13 May 1717 – 29 November 1780) was ruler of the Habsburg dominions from 1740 until her death in 1780, and the only woman to hold the position ''suo jure'' (in her own right). ...
, the ruler of Austria, Hungary and Croatia, signs the General School Ordinance providing for education for both males and females and setting compulsory education for children aged six through 12. * December 9 – The two month long Siege of Melilla begins as armies led by the Sultan of Morocco, Mohammed ben Abdallah, attack the North African Spanish colony of
Melilla Melilla ( , ; ; rif, Mřič ; ar, مليلية ) is an autonomous city of Spain located in north Africa. It lies on the eastern side of the Cape Three Forks, bordering Morocco and facing the Mediterranean Sea. It has an area of . It was par ...
(which remains a part of Spain into the 21st century). * December 23 – King Louis XVI of France issues a declaration that, for the first time, protects "the free commerce of meat during
Lent Lent ( la, Quadragesima, 'Fortieth') is a solemn religious observance in the liturgical calendar commemorating the 40 days Jesus spent fasting in the desert and enduring temptation by Satan, according to the Gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke ...
" to support the needs of "the poor whose infirmity requires them to eat meat."


Date unknown

* To avoid severe flooding, Martinsborough, North Carolina is moved to higher ground west. The
North Carolina General Assembly The North Carolina General Assembly is the Bicameralism, bicameral legislature of the Government of North Carolina, State government of North Carolina. The legislature consists of two chambers: the North Carolina Senate, Senate and the North Ca ...
incorporates Martinsborough as the new seat of
Pitt County Pitt County is a county located in the inner banks (northeastern part) of the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 170,243, making it the fourteenth-most populous county in North Carolina. Its county seat is ...
, 3 years after its founding. * German cobbler Johann Birkenstock creates the first Birkenstock sandals. * A revision of the laws of cricket introduces a leg before wicket rule.


Births


January

* January 1 ** Lancelot Baugh Allen, Master of Dulwich College (d.
1845 Events January–March * January 10 – Elizabeth Barrett receives a love letter from the younger poet Robert Browning; on May 20, they meet for the first time in London. She begins writing her ''Sonnets from the Portuguese''. * January 23 ...
) **
André Marie Constant Duméril André Marie Constant Duméril (1 January 1774 – 14 August 1860) was a French zoologist. He was professor of anatomy at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle from 1801 to 1812, when he became professor of herpetology and ichthyology. His ...
, French zoologist (d.
1860 Events January–March * January 2 – The discovery of a hypothetical planet Vulcan is announced at a meeting of the French Academy of Sciences in Paris, France. * January 10 – The Pemberton Mill in Lawrence, Massachusett ...
) ** Pietro Giordani, Italian writer (d.
1848 1848 is historically famous for the wave of revolutions, a series of widespread struggles for more liberal governments, which broke out from Brazil to Hungary; although most failed in their immediate aims, they significantly altered the polit ...
) **
James Johnson James Johnson may refer to: Artists, actors, authors, and musicians *James Austin Johnson (born 1989), American comedian & actor, ''Saturday Night Live'' cast member * James B. Johnson (born 1944), author of science nonfiction novels *James P. Joh ...
, U.S. Representative from Kentucky (d.
1826 Events January–March * January 15 – The French newspaper ''Le Figaro'' begins publication in Paris, initially as a weekly. * January 30 – The Menai Suspension Bridge, built by engineer Thomas Telford, is opened between the island o ...
) **
William Piper William Piper (January 1, 17741852) was an American politician from Pennsylvania who served as a Democratic-Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives for Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district from 1811 to 1813 and for Pennsylvan ...
, American politician (d.
1852 Events January–March * January 14 – President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic. * January 15 – Nine men representing various Jewish charitable organizations come tog ...
) *
January 2 Events Pre-1600 * 69 – The Roman legions in Germania Superior refuse to swear loyalty to Galba. They rebel and proclaim Vitellius as emperor. * 366 – The Alemanni cross the frozen Rhine in large numbers, invading the Roman Empi ...
– Thomas Lynn, British soldier (d.
1847 Events January–March * January 4 – Samuel Colt sells his first revolver pistol to the U.S. government. * January 13 – The Treaty of Cahuenga ends fighting in the Mexican–American War in California. * January 16 – John C. Frémont ...
) *
January 3 Events Pre-1600 *AD 69, 69 – The Roman legions on the Rhine refuse to declare their allegiance to Galba, instead proclaiming their legate, Aulus Vitellius, as emperor. * 250 – Emperor Decius orders everyone in the Roman Empire (ex ...
– Juan Aldama, Jugador de Beisbole (d.
1811 Events January–March * January 8 – An unsuccessful slave revolt is led by Charles Deslondes, in St. Charles and St. James Parishes, Louisiana. * January 17 – Mexican War of Independence – Battle of Calderón Brid ...
) *
January 4 Events Pre-1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar fights Titus Labienus in the Battle of Ruspina. * 871 – Battle of Reading: Æthelred of Wessex and his brother Alfred are defeated by a Danish invasion army. 1601–1900 *1649 – Engli ...
**
Volant Vashon Ballard Volant Vashon Ballard CB ( bapt. 4 January 1774 – 12 October 1832) was a Rear-Admiral of the Royal Navy. He served as a midshipman with George Vancouver on his voyage to the north-west coast of America. Early career Christened on 4 January ...
, Royal Navy admiral (d.
1832 Events January–March * January 6 – Abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison founds the New-England Anti-Slavery Society. * January 13 – The Christmas Rebellion of slaves is brought to an end in Jamaica, after the island's white plan ...
) ** Edward Dubois, English wit and man of letters (d.
1850 Events January–June * April ** Pope Pius IX returns from exile to Rome. ** Stephen Foster's parlor ballad "Ah! May the Red Rose Live Alway" is published in the United States. * April 4 – Los Angeles is incorporated as a cit ...
) **
William M. Richardson William Merchant Richardson (January 4, 1774 – March 15, 1838) was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Massachusetts and chief justice of the New Hampshire Supreme Court. Biography He was born in Pelham in the Province of New ...
, American jurist and politician (d.
1838 Events January–March * January 10 – A fire destroys Lloyd's Coffee House and the Royal Exchange in London. * January 11 – At Morristown, New Jersey, Samuel Morse, Alfred Vail and Leonard Gale give the first public demonstration o ...
) * January 5 – George Chinnery, British artist (d.
1852 Events January–March * January 14 – President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic. * January 15 – Nine men representing various Jewish charitable organizations come tog ...
) *
January 6 Events Pre-1600 *1066 – Following the death of Edward the Confessor on the previous day, the Witan meets to confirm Harold Godwinson as the new King of England; Harold is crowned the same day, sparking a succession crisis that will eve ...
** Ole Elias Holck, officer, father of the Constitution of Norway, member of Stortinget (d.
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
) ** James McCall, American politician (d.
1856 Events January–March * January 8 – Borax deposits are discovered in large quantities by John Veatch in California. * January 23 – American paddle steamer SS ''Pacific'' leaves Liverpool (England) for a transatlantic voyag ...
) *
January 7 Events Pre-1600 *49 BC – The Senate of Rome says that Caesar will be declared a public enemy unless he disbands his army. This prompts the tribunes who support him to flee to Ravenna, where Caesar is waiting. * 1325 – Alfonso IV ...
** Anna Bunina, Russian poet (d.
1829 Events January–March * January 19 – August Klingemann's adaptation of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's ''Faust'' premieres in Braunschweig. * February 27 – Battle of Tarqui: Troops of Gran Colombia and Peru battle to a draw. * March ...
) **
Samuel D. Purviance Samuel Dinsmore Purviance (January 7, 1774 – 1806) was a Congressional Representative from North Carolina; born on Masonboro Sound at Castle Fin House, near Wilmington, North Carolina; attended a private school; studied law; was admitted to ...
, American politician (d.
1806 Events January–March * January 1 ** The French Republican Calendar is abolished. ** The Kingdom of Bavaria is established by Napoleon. * January 5 – The body of Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, lies in state in the Painted Hall ...
) *
January 8 Events Pre-1600 * 307 – Emperor Huai of Jin, Jin Huaidi becomes emperor of China in succession to his father, Emperor Hui of Jin, Jin Huidi, despite a challenge from his uncle, Sima Ying. * 871 – Æthelred I, King of Wessex, Æthel ...
– John Gibbons, English amateur cricketer (d.
1844 In the Philippines, it was the only leap year with 365 days, as December 31 was skipped when 1845 began after December 30. Events January–March * January 15 – The University of Notre Dame, based in the city of the same name, receives ...
) *
January 10 Events Pre-1600 *49 BC – Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signalling the start of civil war. * 9 – The Western Han dynasty ends when Wang Mang claims that the divine Mandate of Heaven called for the end of the dynasty and the be ...
** Augustin de Macarty, American politician (d.
1844 In the Philippines, it was the only leap year with 365 days, as December 31 was skipped when 1845 began after December 30. Events January–March * January 15 – The University of Notre Dame, based in the city of the same name, receives ...
) **
Jean-Baptiste Muiron Jean-Baptiste Muiron (10 January 1774 – 15 November 1796) was a French Army officer. He rose to fame by allegedly sacrificing himself to save the life of General Bonaparte at the Battle of the Bridge of Arcole. A frigate captured in Venice, the ...
, French Army officer (d.
1796 Events January–March * January 16 – The first Dutch (and general) elections are held for the National Assembly of the Batavian Republic. (The next Dutch general elections are held in 1888.) * February 1 – The capital ...
) ** William Stewart, British military officer (d.
1827 Events January–March * January 5 – The first regatta in Australia is held, taking place on Tasmania (called at the time ''Van Diemen's Land''), on the River Derwent at Hobart. * January 15 – Furman University, founded in 1826, b ...
) * January 11 **
Antoine Drouot General Antoine Drouot, Comte Drouot (11 January 1774 – 24 March 1847) was a French officer who fought in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Drouot is one of a select group who were present at both the Battle of Trafalgar (1805) an ...
, French general (d.
1847 Events January–March * January 4 – Samuel Colt sells his first revolver pistol to the U.S. government. * January 13 – The Treaty of Cahuenga ends fighting in the Mexican–American War in California. * January 16 – John C. Frémont ...
) ** Charles Henry Schwanfelder, British artist (d.
1837 Events January–March * January 1 – The destructive Galilee earthquake causes 6,000–7,000 casualties in Ottoman Syria. * January 26 – Michigan becomes the 26th state admitted to the United States. * February – Charles Dickens's ...
) **
Tryphosa Jane Wallis Tryphosa Jane Wallis or Tryphosa Jane Campbell or Miss Wallis from Bath (11 January 1774 – 29 December 1848) was a British actress. Life Wallis was born on 11 January 1774 to a theatrical family in Richmond although her paternal grandfather w ...
, English actress (d.
1848 1848 is historically famous for the wave of revolutions, a series of widespread struggles for more liberal governments, which broke out from Brazil to Hungary; although most failed in their immediate aims, they significantly altered the polit ...
) * January 12 –
William Cahoon William Cahoon (January 12, 1774 – May 30, 1833) was an American judge and politician. He served as a U.S. representative from Vermont. Biography Cahoon was born in Providence in the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations The ...
, American politician (d.
1833 Events January–March * January 3 – Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (1833), Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic. * February 6 – His Royal Highness Prince Otto ...
) *
January 14 Events Pre-1600 *1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence. *1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. 1601–1900 *1639 – The "Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, Fundamenta ...
– Benjamin Aislabie, cricketer (d.
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
) *
January 16 Events Pre-1600 * 27 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus is granted the title Augustus by the Roman Senate, marking the beginning of the Roman Empire. * 378 – General Siyaj K'ak' conquers Tikal, enlarging the domain of King Spear ...
– Daniel Evans, Welsh Independent minister (d.
1835 Events January–March * January 7 – anchors off the Chonos Archipelago on her second voyage, with Charles Darwin on board as naturalist. * January 8 – The United States public debt contracts to zero, for the only time in history. ...
) * January 17 ** Marie-Thérèse Figueur, French writer (d.
1861 Statistically, this year is considered the end of the whale oil industry and (in replacement) the beginning of the petroleum oil industry. Events January–March * January 1 ** Benito Juárez captures Mexico City. ** The first steam-p ...
) ** Maria Theresa Kemble, British actress (d.
1838 Events January–March * January 10 – A fire destroys Lloyd's Coffee House and the Royal Exchange in London. * January 11 – At Morristown, New Jersey, Samuel Morse, Alfred Vail and Leonard Gale give the first public demonstration o ...
) **
Georg Wilhelm Franz Wenderoth Georg Wilhelm Franz Wenderoth (17 January 1774, Marburg – 5 June 1861) was a German pharmacist and botanist. Initially trained as a pharmacist, he was employed for a few years at the ''Rathsapotheke'' in Schweinfurt, where his free time was s ...
, German botanist (d.
1861 Statistically, this year is considered the end of the whale oil industry and (in replacement) the beginning of the petroleum oil industry. Events January–March * January 1 ** Benito Juárez captures Mexico City. ** The first steam-p ...
) * January 18 **
Moses I. Cantine Moses I. Cantine (January 18, 1774 - January 24, 1823) was an American politician, judge and newspaper editor from New York. A Democratic-Republican, he was most notable for his service as a member of the New York State Senate and First Judge of t ...
, American politician (d.
1823 Events January–March * January 22 – By secret treaty signed at the Congress of Verona, the Quintuple Alliance gives France a mandate to invade Spain for the purpose of restoring Ferdinand VII (who has been captured by armed revolutio ...
) ** James Millingen, British archaeologist (d.
1845 Events January–March * January 10 – Elizabeth Barrett receives a love letter from the younger poet Robert Browning; on May 20, they meet for the first time in London. She begins writing her ''Sonnets from the Portuguese''. * January 23 ...
) * January 19 –
Samuel Campbell Rowley Samuel Campbell Rowley was a politician and Royal Navy officer who was born in Ireland in 1774. Rowley attended the Royal Naval Academy at Portsmouth in 1785 and joined his first ship in March 1789, serving in the West Indies. He passed the li ...
, naval officer and politician (d.
1846 Events January–March * January 5 – The United States House of Representatives votes to stop sharing the Oregon Country with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom. * January 13 – The Milan–Venice railway' ...
) *
January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. * 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom. * 1156 &ndas ...
– Charles George Beauclerk, British Member of Parliament (d.
1845 Events January–March * January 10 – Elizabeth Barrett receives a love letter from the younger poet Robert Browning; on May 20, they meet for the first time in London. She begins writing her ''Sonnets from the Portuguese''. * January 23 ...
) * January 21 – William Kenrick, English lawyer and politician (d.
1829 Events January–March * January 19 – August Klingemann's adaptation of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's ''Faust'' premieres in Braunschweig. * February 27 – Battle of Tarqui: Troops of Gran Colombia and Peru battle to a draw. * March ...
) *
January 22 Events Pre-1600 * 613 – Eight-month-old Constantine is crowned as co-emperor (''Caesar'') by his father Heraclius at Constantinople. * 871 – Battle of Basing: The West Saxons led by King Æthelred I are defeated by the Danelaw Vi ...
–
Francesco Fuoco Francesco Fuoco (1774–1841) was an Italian philologist, economist and Catholic priest. Some of his works were published under the name of Giuseppe De Welz, a banker from Como Como (, ; lmo, Còmm, label=Comasco dialect, Comasco , or ...
, Italian philologist, economist and Catholic priest (d.
1841 Events January–March * January 20 – Charles Elliot of the United Kingdom, and Qishan of the Qing dynasty, agree to the Convention of Chuenpi. * January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the i ...
) * January 23 – Richard Southgate, American politician (d.
1857 Events January–March * January 1 – The biggest Estonian newspaper, ''Postimees'', is established by Johann Voldemar Jannsen. * January 7 – The partly French-owned London General Omnibus Company begins operating. * Janua ...
) * January 24 **
Carl Abraham Arfwedson Carl Abraham Arfwedson (1774-1861) was a Swedish silk merchant, director and etching artist. Biography Carl Abraham Arfwedson was born to the rich trade merchant Carl Kristoffer Arfwedson (1735–1826) and Charlotta von Langenberg. He was the ...
, Swedish silk merchant (d.
1861 Statistically, this year is considered the end of the whale oil industry and (in replacement) the beginning of the petroleum oil industry. Events January–March * January 1 ** Benito Juárez captures Mexico City. ** The first steam-p ...
) ** Arnold Timothée de Lasaulx, Belgian politician (d.
1863 Events January–March * January 1 – Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation during the third year of the American Civil War, making the abolition of slavery in the Confederate states an official war goal. It proclaims t ...
) *
January 25 Events Pre-1600 * 41 – After a night of negotiation, Claudius is accepted as Roman emperor by the Senate. * 750 – In the Battle of the Zab, the Abbasid rebels defeat the Umayyad Caliphate, leading to the overthrow of the dynasty ...
–
Jules-Paul Pasquier Jules-Paul Pasquier (1774–1858) was a French member of the Conseil d'État. Early life Jules-Paul Pasquier was born on 25 January 1774 in Paris. Career He served as the Prefect (France), prefet of the Sarthe departments from 1814 to 1818.Ju ...
, French jurist (d.
1858 Events January–March * January – **Benito Juárez (1806–1872) becomes Liberal President of Mexico. At the same time, conservatives install Félix María Zuloaga (1813–1898) as president. **William I of Prussia becomes regent f ...
) * January 29 ** Olinthus Gregory, British astronomer (d.
1841 Events January–March * January 20 – Charles Elliot of the United Kingdom, and Qishan of the Qing dynasty, agree to the Convention of Chuenpi. * January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the i ...
) **
Sir Robert Shaw, 1st Baronet Sir Robert Shaw, 1st Baronet (29 January 1774 – 10 March 1849) of Bushy Park, Dublin was a Tory UK Member of Parliament who represented Dublin City from 1804 to 1826. Sir Robert's great-great-grandfather, William Shaw, had gone to Ireland an ...
, British politician (d.
1849 Events January–March * January 1 – France begins issue of the Ceres series, the nation's first postage stamps. * January 5 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848: The Austrian army, led by Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz, enters in th ...
) *
January 30 Events Pre-1600 *1018 – Poland and the Holy Roman Empire conclude the Peace of Bautzen. *1287 – King Wareru founds the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, and proclaims independence from the Pagan Kingdom. 1601–1900 *1607 – An estimated ...
– Samuel Butler, English classical scholar and schoolmaster (d.
1839 Events January–March * January 2 – The first photograph of the Moon is taken, by French photographer Louis Daguerre. * January 6 – Night of the Big Wind: Ireland is struck by the most damaging cyclone in 300 years. * January 9 – T ...
) * January 31 ** William Blake, British economist; (d.
1852 Events January–March * January 14 – President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic. * January 15 – Nine men representing various Jewish charitable organizations come tog ...
) ** William George Maton, English physician (d.
1835 Events January–March * January 7 – anchors off the Chonos Archipelago on her second voyage, with Charles Darwin on board as naturalist. * January 8 – The United States public debt contracts to zero, for the only time in history. ...
) ** Thomas Veazey, American politician (d.
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
) ** Phineas Waller, Pennsylvanian farmer and landowner (d.
1859 Events January–March * January 21 – José Mariano Salas (1797–1867) becomes Conservative interim President of Mexico. * January 24 ( O. S.) – Wallachia and Moldavia are united under Alexandru Ioan Cuza (Romania since 1866, final u ...
)


February

*
February 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1327 – The teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer. * 1411 – The First Peace of Thorn is signed in Thorn (Toruń), Mon ...
** John Douglas, Tory politician, died 1838 (d.
1838 Events January–March * January 10 – A fire destroys Lloyd's Coffee House and the Royal Exchange in London. * January 11 – At Morristown, New Jersey, Samuel Morse, Alfred Vail and Leonard Gale give the first public demonstration o ...
) ** Ferdinánd Pálffy, Austrian theatre manager (d.
1840 Events January–March * January 3 – One of the predecessor papers of the ''Herald Sun'' of Melbourne, Australia, ''The Port Phillip Herald'', is founded. * January 10 – Uniform Penny Post is introduced in the United Kingdom. * Janua ...
) *
February 2 Events Pre-1600 * 506 – Alaric II, eighth king of the Visigoths, promulgates the Breviary of Alaric (''Breviarium Alaricianum'' or ''Lex Romana Visigothorum''), a collection of "Roman law". * 880 – Battle of Lüneburg Heath: King ...
–
Susan Montagu, Duchess of Manchester Susan Montagu, Duchess of Manchester (2 February 1774 – 26 August 1828), formerly Lady Susan Gordon, was the wife of William Montagu, 5th Duke of Manchester. Early life Lady Susan was born at Gordon Castle, the third daughter of Alexander G ...
, British noble (d.
1828 Events January–March * January 4 – Jean Baptiste Gay, vicomte de Martignac succeeds the Comte de Villèle, as Prime Minister of France. * January 8 – The Democratic Party of the United States is organized. * January 22 – Arthu ...
) *
February 3 Events Pre-1600 * 1112 – Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, and Douce I, Countess of Provence, marry, uniting the fortunes of those two states. *1451 – Sultan Mehmed II inherits the throne of the Ottoman Empire. *1488 – ...
** Edward Cross, British zookeeper (d.
1854 Events January–March * January 4 – The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the ''Samarang''. * January 6 – The fictional detective Sherlock Holmes is perhaps born. * January 9 – The Teut ...
) ** Karl Mollweide, German mathematician (d.
1825 Events January–March * January 4 – King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies dies in Naples and is succeeded by his son, Francis. * February 3 – Vendsyssel-Thy, once part of the Jutland peninsula forming westernmost Denmark, becomes a ...
) *
February 4 Events Pre–1600 * 211 – Following the death of the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus at Eboracum (modern York, England) while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians, the empire is left in the control of his two quarrellin ...
– Frederick Traugott Pursh, German-American botanist (d.
1820 Events January–March *January 1 – Nominal beginning of the Trienio Liberal in Spain: A constitutionalist military insurrection at Cádiz leads to the summoning of the Spanish Parliament (March 7). *January 8 – General Maritime T ...
) *
February 6 Events Pre-1600 * 1579 – The Archdiocese of Manila is made a diocese by a papal bull with Domingo de Salazar being its first bishop. 1601–1900 * 1685 – James II of England and VII of Scotland is proclaimed King upon the death of ...
– Henry Bates Grubb, American ironmaster and businessman (d.
1823 Events January–March * January 22 – By secret treaty signed at the Congress of Verona, the Quintuple Alliance gives France a mandate to invade Spain for the purpose of restoring Ferdinand VII (who has been captured by armed revolutio ...
) * February 7 – Frederik Christian Kielsen, Danish naturalist (d.
1850 Events January–June * April ** Pope Pius IX returns from exile to Rome. ** Stephen Foster's parlor ballad "Ah! May the Red Rose Live Alway" is published in the United States. * April 4 – Los Angeles is incorporated as a cit ...
) * February 8 **
Karl Friedrich Heinrich Karl Friedrich Heinrich (8 February 1774, in Molschleben – 20 February 1838, in Bonn) was a German classical philologist. He studied under Christian Friedrich Wilhelm Jacobs and Johann Kaspar Friedrich Manso at the gymnasium in Gotha. From ...
, German classical philologist (d.
1838 Events January–March * January 10 – A fire destroys Lloyd's Coffee House and the Royal Exchange in London. * January 11 – At Morristown, New Jersey, Samuel Morse, Alfred Vail and Leonard Gale give the first public demonstration o ...
) ** Samuel Moore, American politician (d.
1861 Statistically, this year is considered the end of the whale oil industry and (in replacement) the beginning of the petroleum oil industry. Events January–March * January 1 ** Benito Juárez captures Mexico City. ** The first steam-p ...
) **
Francisco de Paula Vieira da Silva de Tovar, 1st Viscount of Molelos Francisco de Paula Vieira da Silva de Tovar e Nápoles, 11th Lord of the Honour of Molelos, 1st Baron and 1st Viscount of Molelos (1774–1852) was a Portuguese military officer and politician. He is best known for his role in the Portuguese inva ...
, Portuguese general (d.
1852 Events January–March * January 14 – President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic. * January 15 – Nine men representing various Jewish charitable organizations come tog ...
) * February 9 ** William Lattimore, American physician and politician (d.
1843 Events January–March * January ** Serial publication of Charles Dickens's novel ''Martin Chuzzlewit'' begins in London; in the July chapters, he lands his hero in the United States. ** Edgar Allan Poe's short story "The Tell-Tale Heart" ...
) ** Juan José Viamonte, Argentine general (d.
1843 Events January–March * January ** Serial publication of Charles Dickens's novel ''Martin Chuzzlewit'' begins in London; in the July chapters, he lands his hero in the United States. ** Edgar Allan Poe's short story "The Tell-Tale Heart" ...
) *
February 11 Events Pre-1600 *660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. * 55 – The death under mysterious circumstances of Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman empire, on the eve of his coming ...
**
Maxim Gauci Maxim Gauci (11 February 1774 – 3 November 1854), born Massimo Gauci, was a Maltese lithographer and painter who was active in the United Kingdom in the 19th century. He was an early exponent of lithography for botanical illustration. Life ...
, Maltese painter and lithographer (d.
1854 Events January–March * January 4 – The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the ''Samarang''. * January 6 – The fictional detective Sherlock Holmes is perhaps born. * January 9 – The Teut ...
) **
Hans Järta Hans Järta (originally Hans Hierta) (11 February 1774 – 6 April 1847) was a Swedish administrator, revolutionary and philosopher. He helped overthrow Gustavus IV Adolphus in the Coup of 1809 and was one of the main drafters of the 1809 cons ...
, Swedish politician, civil servant and administrator (d.
1847 Events January–March * January 4 – Samuel Colt sells his first revolver pistol to the U.S. government. * January 13 – The Treaty of Cahuenga ends fighting in the Mexican–American War in California. * January 16 – John C. Frémont ...
) * February 12 – Valentin Stanič, Austrian teacher (d.
1847 Events January–March * January 4 – Samuel Colt sells his first revolver pistol to the U.S. government. * January 13 – The Treaty of Cahuenga ends fighting in the Mexican–American War in California. * January 16 – John C. Frémont ...
) *
February 13 Events Pre-1600 * 962 – Emperor Otto I and Pope John XII co-sign the ''Diploma Ottonianum'', recognizing John as ruler of Rome. *1322 – The central tower of Ely Cathedral falls on the night of 12th–13th. *1462 – The ...
** Robert Curzon, British Member of Parliament (d.
1863 Events January–March * January 1 – Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation during the third year of the American Civil War, making the abolition of slavery in the Confederate states an official war goal. It proclaims t ...
) ** Thomas Myers, British mathematician (d.
1834 Events January–March * January – The Wilmington and Raleigh Railroad is chartered in Wilmington, North Carolina. * January 1 – Zollverein (Germany): Customs charges are abolished at borders within its member states. * January 3 ...
) *
February 15 Events Pre-1600 * 438 – Roman emperor Theodosius II publishes the law codex Codex Theodosianus * 590 – Khosrau II is crowned king of Persia. * 706 – Byzantine emperor Justinian II has his predecessors Leontios and Tiberi ...
–
Prince Frederick of Orange-Nassau Prince Frederik of Orange-Nassau ( en, William George Frederick, nl, Willem George Frederik; 15 February 1774 6 January 1799) was the youngest son of William V, Prince of Orange and Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic and Princess Wilhelmin ...
, Dutch prince (d.
1799 Events January–June * January 9 – British Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger introduces an income tax of two shillings to the pound, to raise funds for Great Britain's war effort in the French Revolutionary Wars. * January ...
) * February 16 ** Étienne Guy, Canadian politician, surveyor and militia officer (d.
1820 Events January–March *January 1 – Nominal beginning of the Trienio Liberal in Spain: A constitutionalist military insurrection at Cádiz leads to the summoning of the Spanish Parliament (March 7). *January 8 – General Maritime T ...
) ** Pierre Rode, French violinist and composer (d.
1830 It is known in European history as a rather tumultuous year with the Revolutions of 1830 in France, Belgium, Poland, Switzerland and Italy. Events January–March * January 11 – LaGrange College (later the University of North Alabama) b ...
) *
February 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1370 – Northern Crusades: Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Teutonic Knights meet in the Battle of Rudau. * 1411 – Following the successful campaigns during the Ottoman Interregnum, Musa Çelebi, one of the sons of ...
** Mykhailo Levytsky, Metropolitan of Lviv (d.
1858 Events January–March * January – **Benito Juárez (1806–1872) becomes Liberal President of Mexico. At the same time, conservatives install Félix María Zuloaga (1813–1898) as president. **William I of Prussia becomes regent f ...
) ** Raphaelle Peale, painter from the United States (d.
1825 Events January–March * January 4 – King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies dies in Naples and is succeeded by his son, Francis. * February 3 – Vendsyssel-Thy, once part of the Jutland peninsula forming westernmost Denmark, becomes a ...
) * February 18 – William Clark, farmer, jurist, and politician from Dauphin, Pennsylvania (d.
1851 Events January–March * January 11 – Hong Xiuquan officially begins the Taiping Rebellion. * January 15 – Christian Female College, modern-day Columbia College, receives its charter from the Missouri General Assembly. ...
) *
February 24 Events Pre-1600 * 484 – King Huneric of the Vandals replaces Nicene bishops with Arian ones, and banishes some to Corsica. * 1303 – The English are defeated at the Battle of Roslin, in the First War of Scottish Independence. * 13 ...
** Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge, British and Hanoverian Royal (d.
1850 Events January–June * April ** Pope Pius IX returns from exile to Rome. ** Stephen Foster's parlor ballad "Ah! May the Red Rose Live Alway" is published in the United States. * April 4 – Los Angeles is incorporated as a cit ...
) ** Archibald Constable, Scottish printer and publisher (d.
1827 Events January–March * January 5 – The first regatta in Australia is held, taking place on Tasmania (called at the time ''Van Diemen's Land''), on the River Derwent at Hobart. * January 15 – Furman University, founded in 1826, b ...
) ** Perley Keyes, American politician (d.
1834 Events January–March * January – The Wilmington and Raleigh Railroad is chartered in Wilmington, North Carolina. * January 1 – Zollverein (Germany): Customs charges are abolished at borders within its member states. * January 3 ...
) **
Robert S. Rose Robert Selden Rose (February 24, 1774 – November 24, 1835) was a United States House of Representatives, U.S. Representative (1823–1827) from New York (state), New York. Early life and education Born in Amherst County, Virginia, Amherst ...
, American politician (d.
1835 Events January–March * January 7 – anchors off the Chonos Archipelago on her second voyage, with Charles Darwin on board as naturalist. * January 8 – The United States public debt contracts to zero, for the only time in history. ...
) **
Alexander Wilmot Schomberg Admiral Alexander Wilmot Schomberg (24 February 1774 – 13 January 1850) was an officer of the British Royal Navy who served during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Biography Family background Schomberg was the grandson of Dr. M ...
, British Royal Navy admiral (d.
1850 Events January–June * April ** Pope Pius IX returns from exile to Rome. ** Stephen Foster's parlor ballad "Ah! May the Red Rose Live Alway" is published in the United States. * April 4 – Los Angeles is incorporated as a cit ...
) **
Roswell Weston Roswell Weston (February 24, 1774 – August 18, 1861) was an American lawyer and politician from New York. Life He was born on February 24, 1774, in Kent, Litchfield County, Connecticut, the son of Zachariah Weston (1749–1828) and Mary (Lath ...
, American lawyer and politician (d.
1861 Statistically, this year is considered the end of the whale oil industry and (in replacement) the beginning of the petroleum oil industry. Events January–March * January 1 ** Benito Juárez captures Mexico City. ** The first steam-p ...
) *
February 25 Events Pre-1600 * 138 – Roman emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius as his son, effectively making him his successor. * 628 – Khosrow II, the last great Shah of the Sasanian Empire (Iran), is overthrown by his son Kavadh II. ...
– George Gore, Anglican priest in Ireland (d.
1844 In the Philippines, it was the only leap year with 365 days, as December 31 was skipped when 1845 began after December 30. Events January–March * January 15 – The University of Notre Dame, based in the city of the same name, receives ...
) *
February 26 Events Pre-1600 *747 BC – According to Ptolemy, the epoch (origin) of the Nabonassar Era began at noon on this date. Historians use this to establish the modern BC chronology for dating historic events. * 364 – Valentinian I is p ...
** Joseph Bédard, Canadian politician (d.
1832 Events January–March * January 6 – Abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison founds the New-England Anti-Slavery Society. * January 13 – The Christmas Rebellion of slaves is brought to an end in Jamaica, after the island's white plan ...
) ** William Farquhar, first British Resident and Commandant of colonial Singapore (d.
1839 Events January–March * January 2 – The first photograph of the Moon is taken, by French photographer Louis Daguerre. * January 6 – Night of the Big Wind: Ireland is struck by the most damaging cyclone in 300 years. * January 9 – T ...
) ** Richard Rouse, public servant and settler (d.
1852 Events January–March * January 14 – President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic. * January 15 – Nine men representing various Jewish charitable organizations come tog ...
) *
February 27 Events Pre-1600 * 380 – Edict of Thessalonica: Emperor Theodosius I and his co-emperors Gratian and Valentinian II declare their wish that all Roman citizens convert to Nicene Christianity. * 425 – The University of Constantinople ...
– Thomas Vasse, sea explorer (d.
1801 Events January–March * January 1 ** The legislative union of Great Britain and Ireland is completed under the Act of Union 1800, bringing about the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the abolition of the Parliament of I ...
) *
February 28 Events Pre-1600 *202 BC – Liu Bang is enthroned as the Emperor of China, beginning four centuries of rule by the Han dynasty. * 870 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople closes. *1525 – Aztec king Cuauhtémoc is executed on ...
** Chamaraja Wodeyar IX, King of Mysore (d.
1796 Events January–March * January 16 – The first Dutch (and general) elections are held for the National Assembly of the Batavian Republic. (The next Dutch general elections are held in 1888.) * February 1 – The capital ...
) ** Thomas Tooke, British economist (d.
1858 Events January–March * January – **Benito Juárez (1806–1872) becomes Liberal President of Mexico. At the same time, conservatives install Félix María Zuloaga (1813–1898) as president. **William I of Prussia becomes regent f ...
)


March

* March 1 ** Magdalene of Canossa, Italian Religious Sister and foundress (d.
1835 Events January–March * January 7 – anchors off the Chonos Archipelago on her second voyage, with Charles Darwin on board as naturalist. * January 8 – The United States public debt contracts to zero, for the only time in history. ...
) **
Matthias B. Tallmadge Matthias Burnett Tallmadge (March 1, 1774 – October 1, 1819) was a member of the New York State Assembly and the New York State Senate and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of New York and the U ...
, United States federal judge (d.
1819 Events January–March * January 2 – The Panic of 1819, the first major peacetime financial crisis in the United States, begins. * January 25 – Thomas Jefferson founds the University of Virginia. * January 29 – Si ...
) * March 2 **
Jean-Siméon Domon Jean Siméon Domon (2 March 1774 in Leforest, Maurepas – 5 July 1830 In Paris), was a French cavalry officer during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of major global conflicts pitti ...
, French soldier (d.
1830 It is known in European history as a rather tumultuous year with the Revolutions of 1830 in France, Belgium, Poland, Switzerland and Italy. Events January–March * January 11 – LaGrange College (later the University of North Alabama) b ...
) ** Armand Charles Guilleminot, French general during the Napoleonic wars (d.
1840 Events January–March * January 3 – One of the predecessor papers of the ''Herald Sun'' of Melbourne, Australia, ''The Port Phillip Herald'', is founded. * January 10 – Uniform Penny Post is introduced in the United Kingdom. * Janua ...
) * March 4 – Joseph Hamilton Daveiss, American politician (d.
1811 Events January–March * January 8 – An unsuccessful slave revolt is led by Charles Deslondes, in St. Charles and St. James Parishes, Louisiana. * January 17 – Mexican War of Independence – Battle of Calderón Brid ...
) *
March 5 Events Pre-1600 * 363 – Roman emperor Julian leaves Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sasanian Empire, in a campaign which would bring about his own death. * 1046 – Nasir Khusraw begins the seven-year Middle Eastern ...
– Christoph Ernst Friedrich Weyse, Danish composer (d.
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
) *
March 7 Events Pre-1600 * 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius. * 1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Cob ...
– Daniel Arnoldi, German Canadian physician (d.
1849 Events January–March * January 1 – France begins issue of the Ceres series, the nation's first postage stamps. * January 5 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848: The Austrian army, led by Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz, enters in th ...
) * March 9 ** Mayhew Folger, American whaler, captain of ''
Topaz Topaz is a silicate mineral of aluminium and fluorine with the chemical formula Al Si O( F, OH). It is used as a gemstone in jewelry and other adornments. Common topaz in its natural state is colorless, though trace element impurities can mak ...
'', rediscovered
Pitcairn Islands The Pitcairn Islands (; Pitkern: '), officially the Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands, is a group of four volcanic islands in the southern Pacific Ocean that form the sole British Overseas Territory in the Pacific Ocean. The four isl ...
in
1808 Events January–March * January 1 ** The importation of slaves into the United States is banned, as the 1807 Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves takes effect; African slaves continue to be imported into Cuba, and until the island ab ...
(d.
1828 Events January–March * January 4 – Jean Baptiste Gay, vicomte de Martignac succeeds the Comte de Villèle, as Prime Minister of France. * January 8 – The Democratic Party of the United States is organized. * January 22 – Arthu ...
) ** Louis Auguste Say, French economist (d.
1840 Events January–March * January 3 – One of the predecessor papers of the ''Herald Sun'' of Melbourne, Australia, ''The Port Phillip Herald'', is founded. * January 10 – Uniform Penny Post is introduced in the United Kingdom. * Janua ...
) * March 10 –
David Semyonovich Abamelik David Semyonovich Abamelik (1774–1833) was a Russian-Armenian principal, general-major (1818) from the noble Abamelik family. He participated to the wars against Napoleon I (1805–1807 and 1812). Abamelik was awarded the Order of St. Anna with ...
, principal (d.
1833 Events January–March * January 3 – Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (1833), Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic. * February 6 – His Royal Highness Prince Otto ...
) *
March 12 Events Pre-1600 * 538 – Vitiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving the city to the victorious Byzantine general, Belisarius. * 1088 – Election of Urban II as the 159th Pope of the Cat ...
** Johann Caspar Horner, Swiss mathematician (d.
1834 Events January–March * January – The Wilmington and Raleigh Railroad is chartered in Wilmington, North Carolina. * January 1 – Zollverein (Germany): Customs charges are abolished at borders within its member states. * January 3 ...
) **
John Scott John Scott may refer to: Academics * John Scott (1639–1695), English clergyman and devotional writer * John Witherspoon Scott (1800–1892), American minister, college president, and father of First Lady Caroline Harrison * John Work Scott (180 ...
, English engraver (d.
1827 Events January–March * January 5 – The first regatta in Australia is held, taking place on Tasmania (called at the time ''Van Diemen's Land''), on the River Derwent at Hobart. * January 15 – Furman University, founded in 1826, b ...
) ** Eva Unander, Swedish librarian (d.
1836 Events January–March * January 1 – Queen Maria II of Portugal marries Prince Ferdinand Augustus Francis Anthony of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. * January 5 – Davy Crockett arrives in Texas. * January 12 ** , with Charles Darwin on board, r ...
) * March 13 ** Rose Fortune, Canadian businesswoman (d.
1864 Events January–March * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song " ...
) **
Pierre-Narcisse Guérin Pierre-Narcisse, baron Guérin (13 March 1774 – 6 July 1833) was a French painter born in Paris. Background A pupil of Jean-Baptiste Regnault, he carried off one of the three ''grands prix'' offered in 1796, in consequence of the competitio ...
, French painter (d.
1833 Events January–March * January 3 – Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (1833), Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic. * February 6 – His Royal Highness Prince Otto ...
) *
March 14 Events Pre-1600 * 1074 – Battle of Mogyoród: Dukes Géza and Ladislaus defeat their cousin Solomon, King of Hungary, forcing him to flee to Hungary's western borderland. * 1590 – Battle of Ivry: Henry of Navarre and the Huguen ...
** Helena Margaretha Van Dielen, Dutch painter (d.
1841 Events January–March * January 20 – Charles Elliot of the United Kingdom, and Qishan of the Qing dynasty, agree to the Convention of Chuenpi. * January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the i ...
) **
Jedediah Morgan Jedediah Morgan (March 14, 1774 – December 10, 1826) was an American farmer and politician from New York. Life He was born in North Groton, New London County, Connecticut, the son of Thomas Morgan (1742–1815) and Sarah (Leeds) Morgan (1744 ...
, American politician (d.
1826 Events January–March * January 15 – The French newspaper ''Le Figaro'' begins publication in Paris, initially as a weekly. * January 30 – The Menai Suspension Bridge, built by engineer Thomas Telford, is opened between the island o ...
) * March 15 ** John Conrad Otto, American physician (d.
1844 In the Philippines, it was the only leap year with 365 days, as December 31 was skipped when 1845 began after December 30. Events January–March * January 15 – The University of Notre Dame, based in the city of the same name, receives ...
) ** Salomon Soldin, Jewish-Danish bookseller (d.
1837 Events January–March * January 1 – The destructive Galilee earthquake causes 6,000–7,000 casualties in Ottoman Syria. * January 26 – Michigan becomes the 26th state admitted to the United States. * February – Charles Dickens's ...
) **
Isaac Weld Isaac Weld JP FGSD MRIA (1774–1856) was an Anglo-Irish topographical writer, explorer, and artist. He was a member of the Royal Dublin Society. Early life Weld was born on 15 March 1774 on Fleet Street, Dublin, Ireland. His name stems fr ...
, Irish writer, explorer and artist (d.
1856 Events January–March * January 8 – Borax deposits are discovered in large quantities by John Veatch in California. * January 23 – American paddle steamer SS ''Pacific'' leaves Liverpool (England) for a transatlantic voyag ...
) * March 16 ** Captain
Matthew Flinders Captain Matthew Flinders (16 March 1774 – 19 July 1814) was a British navigator and cartographer who led the first inshore circumnavigation of mainland Australia, then called New Holland. He is also credited as being the first person to u ...
, English navigator and cartographer (d.
1814 Events January * January 1 – War of the Sixth Coalition – The Royal Prussian Army led by Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher crosses the Rhine. * January 3 ** War of the Sixth Coalition – Siege of Cattaro: French garrison s ...
) ** Jethro Wood, inventor of a cast-iron moldboard plow with replaceable parts (d.
1834 Events January–March * January – The Wilmington and Raleigh Railroad is chartered in Wilmington, North Carolina. * January 1 – Zollverein (Germany): Customs charges are abolished at borders within its member states. * January 3 ...
) * March 19 – Franz von Gruithuisen, Bavarian physician and astronomer (d.
1852 Events January–March * January 14 – President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic. * January 15 – Nine men representing various Jewish charitable organizations come tog ...
) * March 20 – Alexandra Petrovna Golitsyna, maid of honour and historian (d.
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
) *
March 21 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: King Vitiges attempts to assault the northern and eastern city walls, but is repulsed at the Praenestine Gate, known as the ''Vivarium'', by the defenders under the Byzantine generals Bessas an ...
– George Scovell, British Army general (d.
1861 Statistically, this year is considered the end of the whale oil industry and (in replacement) the beginning of the petroleum oil industry. Events January–March * January 1 ** Benito Juárez captures Mexico City. ** The first steam-p ...
) * March 24 – Jean-Louis-Auguste Loiseleur-Deslongchamps, French botanist (d.
1849 Events January–March * January 1 – France begins issue of the Ceres series, the nation's first postage stamps. * January 5 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848: The Austrian army, led by Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz, enters in th ...
) *
March 25 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Italian city Venice is founded with the dedication of the first church, that of San Giacomo di Rialto on the islet of Rialto. * 708 – Pope Constantine becomes the 88th pope. He would be the last pope to vi ...
** Thomas Brand, 20th Baron Dacre, British politician (d.
1851 Events January–March * January 11 – Hong Xiuquan officially begins the Taiping Rebellion. * January 15 – Christian Female College, modern-day Columbia College, receives its charter from the Missouri General Assembly. ...
) ** Thomas Spalding, American politician (d.
1851 Events January–March * January 11 – Hong Xiuquan officially begins the Taiping Rebellion. * January 15 – Christian Female College, modern-day Columbia College, receives its charter from the Missouri General Assembly. ...
) * March 30 –
Nathaniel Peabody Nathaniel Peabody (March 1, 1741 – June 27, 1823) was an American physician from Rockingham County, New Hampshire. He represented New Hampshire as a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1779 and 1780. Nathaniel was born to Jacob Peabody i ...
, Boston (d.
1855 Events January–March * January 1 – Ottawa, Ontario, is incorporated as a city. * January 5 – Ramón Castilla begins his third term as President of Peru. * January 23 ** The first bridge over the Mississippi River opens ...
) *
March 31 Events Pre-1600 * 307 – After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine the Great, Constantine marries Fausta, daughter of the retired Roman emperor Maximian. *1146 – Bernard of Clairvaux preaches his famous sermon in a field at V ...
** Enos Bronson, American writer (d.
1823 Events January–March * January 22 – By secret treaty signed at the Congress of Verona, the Quintuple Alliance gives France a mandate to invade Spain for the purpose of restoring Ferdinand VII (who has been captured by armed revolutio ...
) **
Karl Gottfried Erdmann Karl Gottfried Erdmann (31 March 1774 – 13 January 1835) was a German physician and botanist. He was the father of chemist Otto Linné Erdmann (1804–1869). Erdmann was born in Wittenberg. In 1798 he received his medical doctorate from the ...
, German author and botanist (d.
1835 Events January–March * January 7 – anchors off the Chonos Archipelago on her second voyage, with Charles Darwin on board as naturalist. * January 8 – The United States public debt contracts to zero, for the only time in history. ...
)


April

* April 1 **
Gottfried Daniel Krummacher Gottfried Daniel Krummacher (1 April 1774 in Tecklenburg – 30 January 1837 in Elberfeld) was a German Reformed clergyman. He was a brother of theologian Friedrich Adolf Krummacher. He studied theology at the University of Duisburg and became ...
, German clergyman (d.
1837 Events January–March * January 1 – The destructive Galilee earthquake causes 6,000–7,000 casualties in Ottoman Syria. * January 26 – Michigan becomes the 26th state admitted to the United States. * February – Charles Dickens's ...
) ** Gustav von Rauch, Prussian general (d.
1841 Events January–March * January 20 – Charles Elliot of the United Kingdom, and Qishan of the Qing dynasty, agree to the Convention of Chuenpi. * January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the i ...
) **
Therese Rosenbaum Therese Rosenbaum, or Therese Rosembaum-Gassmann (originally Maria Theresia Josepha Gassmann: 1 April 1774 – 8 September 1837) ...
, Austrian opera singer (d.
1837 Events January–March * January 1 – The destructive Galilee earthquake causes 6,000–7,000 casualties in Ottoman Syria. * January 26 – Michigan becomes the 26th state admitted to the United States. * February – Charles Dickens's ...
) *
April 5 Events Pre-1600 * 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I. * 919 – The second Fatimid invasion of Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, sets out from Raqqada at the head of his a ...
– Thomas Potter, British politician (d.
1845 Events January–March * January 10 – Elizabeth Barrett receives a love letter from the younger poet Robert Browning; on May 20, they meet for the first time in London. She begins writing her ''Sonnets from the Portuguese''. * January 23 ...
) * April 6 ** José de Córdoba y Rojas, Spanish admiral (d.
1810 Events January–March * January 1 – Major-General Lachlan Macquarie officially becomes Governor of New South Wales. * January 4 – Australian seal hunter Frederick Hasselborough discovers Campbell Island, in the Subantarctic. * Janua ...
) ** Marmaduke Williams, American politician (d.
1850 Events January–June * April ** Pope Pius IX returns from exile to Rome. ** Stephen Foster's parlor ballad "Ah! May the Red Rose Live Alway" is published in the United States. * April 4 – Los Angeles is incorporated as a cit ...
) * April 7 ** Joseph Bailly, fur trader and pioneer from Canada (d.
1835 Events January–March * January 7 – anchors off the Chonos Archipelago on her second voyage, with Charles Darwin on board as naturalist. * January 8 – The United States public debt contracts to zero, for the only time in history. ...
) ** Robert William Elliston, British actor (d.
1831 Events January–March * January 1 – William Lloyd Garrison begins publishing '' The Liberator'', an anti-slavery newspaper, in Boston, Massachusetts. * January 10 – Japanese department store, Takashimaya in Kyoto establ ...
) ** Abner Kneeland, United States theologian (d.
1844 In the Philippines, it was the only leap year with 365 days, as December 31 was skipped when 1845 began after December 30. Events January–March * January 15 – The University of Notre Dame, based in the city of the same name, receives ...
) *
April 8 Events Pre-1600 * 217 – Roman emperor Caracalla is assassinated and is succeeded by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus. * 876 – The Battle of Dayr al-'Aqul saves Baghdad from the Saffarids. *1139 – Ro ...
** Kaspar Anton Karl van Beethoven, brother of Ludwig van Beethoven (d.
1815 Events January * January 2 – Lord Byron marries Anna Isabella Milbanke in Seaham, county of Durham, England. * January 3 – Austria, Britain, and Bourbon-restored France form a secret defensive alliance treaty against Prussi ...
) **
Jean-Pierre Dellard Jean-Pierre Dellard (8 April 1774 – 7 July 1832) was a French general. 1774 births 1832 deaths Barons of the First French Empire French generals Officers of the Legion of Honour Order of Saint Louis recipients {{France-mil-bio-st ...
, French general (d.
1832 Events January–March * January 6 – Abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison founds the New-England Anti-Slavery Society. * January 13 – The Christmas Rebellion of slaves is brought to an end in Jamaica, after the island's white plan ...
) ** James William Freshfield, English lawyer and founder of the law firm Freshfields (d.
1864 Events January–March * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song " ...
) * April 9 – John Stanly, American politician (d.
1834 Events January–March * January – The Wilmington and Raleigh Railroad is chartered in Wilmington, North Carolina. * January 1 – Zollverein (Germany): Customs charges are abolished at borders within its member states. * January 3 ...
) * April 11 ** Michele Carrascosa, Italian politician (d.
1853 Events January–March * January 6 – Florida Governor Thomas Brown signs legislation that provides public support for the new East Florida Seminary, leading to the establishment of the University of Florida. * January 8 – Taiping Reb ...
) **
Conrad Hinrich Donner Conrad Hinrich Donner (11 April 1774, in Altona – 1 January 1854) was a German banker and art collector. Life Conrad Hinrich Donner was the son of Johann Christian Donner (1739-1804), a buyer and the Danish consul in Hamburg and Maria A ...
, German banker and art collector (d.
1854 Events January–March * January 4 – The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the ''Samarang''. * January 6 – The fictional detective Sherlock Holmes is perhaps born. * January 9 – The Teut ...
) ** Lawrence Augustine Washington, Nephew of George Washington (d.
1824 May 7: The almost completely deaf Beethoven premieres his Symphony No. 9 (Beethoven) , Ninth Symphony Events January–March * January 8 – After much controversy, Michael Faraday is finally elected as a member of the Royal Society, ...
) * April 12 **
Johann Baptist Krebs Johann Baptist Krebs (pseudonyms Johann Baptist Kerning and JM Gneiding), (born 12 April 1774 in Überauchen, died 2 October 1851 in Stuttgart) was a German opera singer, opera director, vocal pedagogue, freemason and esoteric writer. Biograph ...
, German writer and director (d.
1851 Events January–March * January 11 – Hong Xiuquan officially begins the Taiping Rebellion. * January 15 – Christian Female College, modern-day Columbia College, receives its charter from the Missouri General Assembly. ...
) **
Leffert Lefferts Leffert Lefferts (April 12, 1774 – March 22, 1847) was the first President of the Long Island Bank, the first bank in Brooklyn, New York. Early life Lefferts was born at the Bedford homestead on April 12, 1774. He was the son of Leffert Leffert ...
, the first President of the Long Island Bank, the first bank in Brooklyn, New York (d.
1847 Events January–March * January 4 – Samuel Colt sells his first revolver pistol to the U.S. government. * January 13 – The Treaty of Cahuenga ends fighting in the Mexican–American War in California. * January 16 – John C. Frémont ...
) *
April 13 Events Pre-1600 *1111 – Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. * 1204 – Constantinople falls to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, temporarily ending the Byzantine Empire. 1601–1900 *1612 – In one of the epic samurai ...
–
John W. Mulligan John W. Mulligan (April 13, 1774 – January 17, 1862) was an 18th-century attorney who had been Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben's secretary. Later in life, he was U.S. Consul in Athens, Greece. Early life John W. Mulligan was born on April 13, 17 ...
, attorney, U.S. Consul in Athens, Greece (d.
1862 Events January–March * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – French intervention in Mexico: French, Spanish and British forces arrive in Veracruz, Mexico. * January ...
) * April 15 – Sophie Thalbitzer, Danish writer (d.
1851 Events January–March * January 11 – Hong Xiuquan officially begins the Taiping Rebellion. * January 15 – Christian Female College, modern-day Columbia College, receives its charter from the Missouri General Assembly. ...
) * April 16 ** George Bennet, English missionary (d.
1841 Events January–March * January 20 – Charles Elliot of the United Kingdom, and Qishan of the Qing dynasty, agree to the Convention of Chuenpi. * January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the i ...
) ** Franz Hegi, Swiss artist (d.
1850 Events January–June * April ** Pope Pius IX returns from exile to Rome. ** Stephen Foster's parlor ballad "Ah! May the Red Rose Live Alway" is published in the United States. * April 4 – Los Angeles is incorporated as a cit ...
) * April 17 ** Friedrich Koenig, German printer (d.
1833 Events January–March * January 3 – Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (1833), Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic. * February 6 – His Royal Highness Prince Otto ...
) ** Robert Spankie, British politician, barrister (d.
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
) **
Václav Tomášek Václav Jan Křtitel Tomášek (in German: Wenzel Johann Tomaschek; 17 April 1774, Skuteč, Bohemia – 3 April 1850, Prague) was an Austrian-Bohemian, by other accounts a Czech composer and music teacher. He was known as the Musical Pope of Pr ...
, Czech music educator and composer (d.
1850 Events January–June * April ** Pope Pius IX returns from exile to Rome. ** Stephen Foster's parlor ballad "Ah! May the Red Rose Live Alway" is published in the United States. * April 4 – Los Angeles is incorporated as a cit ...
) * April 18 ** Antonio Basoli, Italian painter (d.
1848 1848 is historically famous for the wave of revolutions, a series of widespread struggles for more liberal governments, which broke out from Brazil to Hungary; although most failed in their immediate aims, they significantly altered the polit ...
) ** Madhavrao II, 12th Peshwa of Maratha Empire (d.
1795 Events January–June * January – Central England records its coldest ever month, in the Central England temperature, CET records dating back to 1659. * January 14 – The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Uni ...
) ** Georg von Langsdorff, Russian-German scientist (d.
1852 Events January–March * January 14 – President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic. * January 15 – Nine men representing various Jewish charitable organizations come tog ...
) * April 19 –
Friedrich Wilhelm Riemer Friedrich Wilhelm Riemer (19 April 1774 – 19 December 1845) was a German scholar and literary historian. He worked in the households of Wilhelm von Humboldt and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Biography Riemer was born at Glatz. He studied ...
, German writer (d.
1845 Events January–March * January 10 – Elizabeth Barrett receives a love letter from the younger poet Robert Browning; on May 20, they meet for the first time in London. She begins writing her ''Sonnets from the Portuguese''. * January 23 ...
) *
April 21 Events Pre-1600 *753 BC – Romulus founds Rome ( traditional date). * 43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Antony fails to capture Mutina and Decimus Brutus is murdered ...
**
Jean-Louis Aumer Jean-Louis Aumer (21 April 1774 – 6 July 1833), also referred to as Jean-Pierre Aumer, was a French ballet dancer and choreographer. Early life and career as a dancer Aumer was born in Strasbourg of a manual labourer and non-theatrical parents ...
, French ballet dancer and choreographer (d.
1833 Events January–March * January 3 – Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (1833), Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic. * February 6 – His Royal Highness Prince Otto ...
) ** Jean-Baptiste Biot, French physicist, astronomer and mathematician (d.
1862 Events January–March * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – French intervention in Mexico: French, Spanish and British forces arrive in Veracruz, Mexico. * January ...
) **
Philibert Jean-Baptiste Curial Philibert-Jean-Baptiste François Joseph, comte Curial (21 April 1774 – 30 May 1829) was a general in the French Imperial Army during the Napoleonic Wars. Early life and career Curial was the son of François Joseph Curial (1740-1801) and his ...
, French general (d.
1829 Events January–March * January 19 – August Klingemann's adaptation of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's ''Faust'' premieres in Braunschweig. * February 27 – Battle of Tarqui: Troops of Gran Colombia and Peru battle to a draw. * March ...
) *
April 23 Events Pre-1600 * 215 BC – A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Lake Trasimene. * 599 – Maya king Uneh Chan of Calakmul attacks rival city-state Palenque in southe ...
–
Francis Austen Admiral of the Fleet Sir Francis William Austen, (23 April 1774 – 10 August 1865) was a Royal Navy officer and an elder brother of the novelist Jane Austen. As commanding officer of the sloop HMS ''Peterel'', he captured some 40 ships, was ...
, British Royal Navy officer (d.
1865 Events January–March * January 4 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters at Broad Street (Manhattan), 10-12 Broad near Wall Street, in New York City. * January 13 – American Civil War : Sec ...
) * April 24 – Jean Marc Gaspard Itard, French physician (d.
1838 Events January–March * January 10 – A fire destroys Lloyd's Coffee House and the Royal Exchange in London. * January 11 – At Morristown, New Jersey, Samuel Morse, Alfred Vail and Leonard Gale give the first public demonstration o ...
) * April 25 –
Friedrich Wilhelm von Lepel Friedrich ''Wilhelm'' Graf von Lepel (25 April 1774, Fürstenwalde/Spree - 9 January 1840, Rome) was a Prussian major general. His parents came from the von Lepel family, a noble family from Pommerania. He had four siblings - Dietrich (1767–1815 ...
, Prussian major general and adjutant to Prince Henry of Prussia (d.
1840 Events January–March * January 3 – One of the predecessor papers of the ''Herald Sun'' of Melbourne, Australia, ''The Port Phillip Herald'', is founded. * January 10 – Uniform Penny Post is introduced in the United Kingdom. * Janua ...
) * April 26 ** Christian Leopold von Buch, German geologist (d.
1853 Events January–March * January 6 – Florida Governor Thomas Brown signs legislation that provides public support for the new East Florida Seminary, leading to the establishment of the University of Florida. * January 8 – Taiping Reb ...
) ** Anne Jean Marie René Savary, French general (d.
1833 Events January–March * January 3 – Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (1833), Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic. * February 6 – His Royal Highness Prince Otto ...
) * April 28 ** Francis Baily, British astronomer (d.
1844 In the Philippines, it was the only leap year with 365 days, as December 31 was skipped when 1845 began after December 30. Events January–March * January 15 – The University of Notre Dame, based in the city of the same name, receives ...
) ** Henrietta Bentinck, Duchess of Portland, British noble (d.
1844 In the Philippines, it was the only leap year with 365 days, as December 31 was skipped when 1845 began after December 30. Events January–March * January 15 – The University of Notre Dame, based in the city of the same name, receives ...
) **
James Deacon Hume James Deacon Hume (1774 – 1842) was an English official, an economic writer and advocate of free trade. Life The son of James Hume, a commissioner and afterwards secretary of the customs, he was born at Newington, Surrey, on 28 April 1774, and ...
, British economist (d.
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
) **
Owen Biddle Jr. Owen Biddle Jr. (April 28, 1774May 25, 1806) was an American carpenter and builder, based in Philadelphia. A Quaker, he designed that city's Arch Street Friends Meetinghouse circa 1803–1804. A Georgian structure, the building's East and West ro ...
, American architect (d.
1806 Events January–March * January 1 ** The French Republican Calendar is abolished. ** The Kingdom of Bavaria is established by Napoleon. * January 5 – The body of Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, lies in state in the Painted Hall ...
) ** Manuel Piar, Venezuelan general (d.
1817 Events January–March * January 1 – Sailing through the Sandwich Islands, Otto von Kotzebue discovers New Year Island. * January 19 – An army of 5,423 soldiers, led by General José de San Martín, starts crossing the ...
) * April 29 **
Louis Pierre Aimé Chastel Louis Pierre Aimé Chastel (29 April 1774, in Veigy, near Carouge, Savoy – 26 September 1826, in Geneva) was a French officer in the Napoleonic Wars, who rose to lieutenant general of cavalry. Early career Chastel first joined up in 1792, in th ...
, French officer (d.
1826 Events January–March * January 15 – The French newspaper ''Le Figaro'' begins publication in Paris, initially as a weekly. * January 30 – The Menai Suspension Bridge, built by engineer Thomas Telford, is opened between the island o ...
) ** Anna Gottlieb, Austrian singer (d.
1856 Events January–March * January 8 – Borax deposits are discovered in large quantities by John Veatch in California. * January 23 – American paddle steamer SS ''Pacific'' leaves Liverpool (England) for a transatlantic voyag ...
) ** David Hoadley, American architect (d.
1839 Events January–March * January 2 – The first photograph of the Moon is taken, by French photographer Louis Daguerre. * January 6 – Night of the Big Wind: Ireland is struck by the most damaging cyclone in 300 years. * January 9 – T ...
) **
Richard Sass Richard Sass (1774 – 7 September 1849) (or Sasse) was an English landscape painter, etcher, and drawing master to royalty. He was the half brother of Henry Sass, the founder of Sass's Academy in London. Sass exhibited at the Royal Academy in L ...
, British artist (d.
1849 Events January–March * January 1 – France begins issue of the Ceres series, the nation's first postage stamps. * January 5 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848: The Austrian army, led by Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz, enters in th ...
) * April 30 –
John Yelloly John Yelloly (30 April 1774 – 31 January 1842) was an English physician. Life Yelloly was born at Alnwick, Northumberland, and was the youngest and sole survivor of seven children. His father died when his youngest child was an infant, and Ye ...
, English doctor (d.
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
)


May

* May 1 ** John Reeves, English naturalist (d.
1856 Events January–March * January 8 – Borax deposits are discovered in large quantities by John Veatch in California. * January 23 – American paddle steamer SS ''Pacific'' leaves Liverpool (England) for a transatlantic voyag ...
) ** Robert Watt, Scottish physician and bibliographer (d.
1819 Events January–March * January 2 – The Panic of 1819, the first major peacetime financial crisis in the United States, begins. * January 25 – Thomas Jefferson founds the University of Virginia. * January 29 – Si ...
) * May 2 ** George Lewis, Royal Marines officer (d.
1854 Events January–March * January 4 – The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the ''Samarang''. * January 6 – The fictional detective Sherlock Holmes is perhaps born. * January 9 – The Teut ...
) **
Ichijō Tadayoshi , son of regent Teruyoshi, was a Japanese kugyō (court noble) of the Edo period (1603–1868). He held a regent position kampaku from 1814 to 1823. His wife was a daughter of Hosokawa Narishige, eighth head of Kumamoto Domain. Family * Father: ...
, Japanese kugyō (court noble) of the Edo period (d.
1837 Events January–March * January 1 – The destructive Galilee earthquake causes 6,000–7,000 casualties in Ottoman Syria. * January 26 – Michigan becomes the 26th state admitted to the United States. * February – Charles Dickens's ...
) * May 4 **
Samuel W. Bridgham Samuel Willard Bridgham (May 4, 1774 – December 28, 1840) was the first mayor of Providence, Rhode Island. Early life Bridgham was born on May 4, 1774, in Seekonk, Massachusetts. He graduated from Brown University with the class of 1794, a ...
, Rhode Island politician (d.
1840 Events January–March * January 3 – One of the predecessor papers of the ''Herald Sun'' of Melbourne, Australia, ''The Port Phillip Herald'', is founded. * January 10 – Uniform Penny Post is introduced in the United Kingdom. * Janua ...
) ** Rufus Easton, American politician (d.
1834 Events January–March * January – The Wilmington and Raleigh Railroad is chartered in Wilmington, North Carolina. * January 1 – Zollverein (Germany): Customs charges are abolished at borders within its member states. * January 3 ...
) * May 5 ** Robert Barrie, British naval officer (d.
1841 Events January–March * January 20 – Charles Elliot of the United Kingdom, and Qishan of the Qing dynasty, agree to the Convention of Chuenpi. * January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the i ...
) **
Nicolas Hyacinthe Gautier Nicolas Hyacinthe Gautier (1774, Loudéac–1809) was a French general of the Napoleonic Wars. He was fatally injured at the Battle of Wagram, and died in Vienna a week later. His name is inscribed on column 18 of the Arc de Triomphe ...
, French officer (d.
1809 Events January–March * January 5 – The Treaty of the Dardanelles, between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Ottoman Empire, is concluded. * January 10 – Peninsular War – French Marshal Jean ...
) * May 6 ** Pierce Butler, British politician (d.
1846 Events January–March * January 5 – The United States House of Representatives votes to stop sharing the Oregon Country with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom. * January 13 – The Milan–Venice railway' ...
) ** John Elias, Welsh writer and preacher (d.
1841 Events January–March * January 20 – Charles Elliot of the United Kingdom, and Qishan of the Qing dynasty, agree to the Convention of Chuenpi. * January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the i ...
) ** Christoph von Lieven, Russian general and prince (d.
1839 Events January–March * January 2 – The first photograph of the Moon is taken, by French photographer Louis Daguerre. * January 6 – Night of the Big Wind: Ireland is struck by the most damaging cyclone in 300 years. * January 9 – T ...
) * May 7 ** William Bainbridge, United States Navy officer (d.
1833 Events January–March * January 3 – Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (1833), Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic. * February 6 – His Royal Highness Prince Otto ...
) ** Jonathan Makepeace, U.S. politician (d.
1850 Events January–June * April ** Pope Pius IX returns from exile to Rome. ** Stephen Foster's parlor ballad "Ah! May the Red Rose Live Alway" is published in the United States. * April 4 – Los Angeles is incorporated as a cit ...
) *
May 11 Events 1601–1900 *1812 – Prime Minister Spencer Perceval is Assassination of Spencer Perceval, assassinated by John Bellingham in the lobby of the British House of Commons. *1813 – William Lawson (explorer), William Lawson, Grego ...
– James Townley, English Wesleyan minister and author (d.
1833 Events January–March * January 3 – Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (1833), Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic. * February 6 – His Royal Highness Prince Otto ...
) * May 12 **
Ellis Cunliffe Lister Ellis Cunliffe Lister-Kay (12 May 1774 – 24 November 1853) was an English Liberal politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1832 to 1841. Life He was born as Ellis Cunliffe, the son of John Cunliffe of the ancient, wealthy mill-owning Cun ...
, British politician (d.
1853 Events January–March * January 6 – Florida Governor Thomas Brown signs legislation that provides public support for the new East Florida Seminary, leading to the establishment of the University of Florida. * January 8 – Taiping Reb ...
) ** Samuel Owen, British-Swedish engineer (d.
1854 Events January–March * January 4 – The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the ''Samarang''. * January 6 – The fictional detective Sherlock Holmes is perhaps born. * January 9 – The Teut ...
) **
Friederike von Reden Friederike von Reden (1774-1854), was a German noblewoman, philanthropist and salon-holder. She is known as the ''Mutter des Hirschberger Tales''. Early life She was born as the daughter of Baron Friedrich Adolf Richard Riedesel zu Eisenbach ( ...
, German noblewoman, philanthropist and salon-holder (d.
1854 Events January–March * January 4 – The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the ''Samarang''. * January 6 – The fictional detective Sherlock Holmes is perhaps born. * January 9 – The Teut ...
) * May 14 ** Joseph Bouchette, Canadian surveyor (d.
1841 Events January–March * January 20 – Charles Elliot of the United Kingdom, and Qishan of the Qing dynasty, agree to the Convention of Chuenpi. * January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the i ...
) ** Thomas Pakenham, 2nd Earl of Longford, Anglo-Irish peer (d.
1835 Events January–March * January 7 – anchors off the Chonos Archipelago on her second voyage, with Charles Darwin on board as naturalist. * January 8 – The United States public debt contracts to zero, for the only time in history. ...
) * May 15 – Johann Nepomuk von Fuchs, German chemist and mineralogist (d.
1856 Events January–March * January 8 – Borax deposits are discovered in large quantities by John Veatch in California. * January 23 – American paddle steamer SS ''Pacific'' leaves Liverpool (England) for a transatlantic voyag ...
) *
May 16 Events Pre-1600 * 946 – Emperor Suzaku abdicates the throne in favor of his brother Murakami who becomes the 62nd emperor of Japan. *1204 – Baldwin IX, Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. * 1364 ...
– Johann Baptist von Keller, Roman Catholic bishop (d.
1845 Events January–March * January 10 – Elizabeth Barrett receives a love letter from the younger poet Robert Browning; on May 20, they meet for the first time in London. She begins writing her ''Sonnets from the Portuguese''. * January 23 ...
) * May 18 – Gaetano Rossi, Italian librettist (d.
1855 Events January–March * January 1 – Ottawa, Ontario, is incorporated as a city. * January 5 – Ramón Castilla begins his third term as President of Peru. * January 23 ** The first bridge over the Mississippi River opens ...
) * May 21 **
Claude Antoine Compère Claude Antoine Compère (21 May 1774 – 7 September 1812) was a French officer and later general who served during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. He was killed at the Battle of Borodino. He was the younger brother of General Louis F ...
, French general (d.
1812 Events January–March * January 1 – The ''Allgemeines bürgerliches Gesetzbuch'' (the Austrian civil code) enters into force in the Austrian Empire. * January 19 – Peninsular War: The French-held fortress of Ciudad Rodrigo Siege of ...
) **
Jean-Henry-Louis Greffulhe Count Jean-Henry-Louis Greffulhe (May 21, 1774 – February 23, 1820) was a French banker and politician. He was the founder of a bank called Greffulhe Montz et Cie. He served as a member of the Chamber of Peers from 1814 to 1820. References ...
, French private banker and politician (d.
1820 Events January–March *January 1 – Nominal beginning of the Trienio Liberal in Spain: A constitutionalist military insurrection at Cádiz leads to the summoning of the Spanish Parliament (March 7). *January 8 – General Maritime T ...
) * May 22 ** James Bennett, British minister (d.
1862 Events January–March * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – French intervention in Mexico: French, Spanish and British forces arrive in Veracruz, Mexico. * January ...
) ** Levi Cutter, American businessman politician (d.
1856 Events January–March * January 8 – Borax deposits are discovered in large quantities by John Veatch in California. * January 23 – American paddle steamer SS ''Pacific'' leaves Liverpool (England) for a transatlantic voyag ...
) *
May 24 Events Pre-1600 * 919 – The nobles of Franconia and Saxony elect Henry the Fowler at the Imperial Diet in Fritzlar as king of the East Frankish Kingdom. * 1218 – The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt. * 1276 – Magnus La ...
** Sir Charles Burrell, 3rd Baronet, English Conservative politician (d.
1862 Events January–March * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – French intervention in Mexico: French, Spanish and British forces arrive in Veracruz, Mexico. * January ...
) ** Stuart Corbett, Archdeacon of York (d.
1845 Events January–March * January 10 – Elizabeth Barrett receives a love letter from the younger poet Robert Browning; on May 20, they meet for the first time in London. She begins writing her ''Sonnets from the Portuguese''. * January 23 ...
) **
Francis Magan Francis Magan (24 May 1774 – 1843) was a barrister and the informer who procured the death of Lord Edward Fitzgerald through felon-setting. Early life He was born 24 May 1774 in Dublin, descended of an ancient Catholic family from Co. Westmeath ...
, United Irishman, barrister and informer (d.
1843 Events January–March * January ** Serial publication of Charles Dickens's novel ''Martin Chuzzlewit'' begins in London; in the July chapters, he lands his hero in the United States. ** Edgar Allan Poe's short story "The Tell-Tale Heart" ...
) * May 25 ** Isaach Isaachsen, Norwegian politician (d.
1828 Events January–March * January 4 – Jean Baptiste Gay, vicomte de Martignac succeeds the Comte de Villèle, as Prime Minister of France. * January 8 – The Democratic Party of the United States is organized. * January 22 – Arthu ...
) ** John Pye-Smith, English theologian (d.
1851 Events January–March * January 11 – Hong Xiuquan officially begins the Taiping Rebellion. * January 15 – Christian Female College, modern-day Columbia College, receives its charter from the Missouri General Assembly. ...
) * May 26 – Jean-Nicolas Curély, French cavalry officer (d.
1827 Events January–March * January 5 – The first regatta in Australia is held, taking place on Tasmania (called at the time ''Van Diemen's Land''), on the River Derwent at Hobart. * January 15 – Furman University, founded in 1826, b ...
) *
May 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1096 – Count Emicho enters Mainz, where his followers massacre Jewish citizens. At least 600 Jews are killed. * 1120 – Richard III of Capua is anointed as Prince two weeks before his untimely death. * 1153 &ndash ...
–
Francis Beaufort Rear-Admiral Sir Francis Beaufort (; 27 May 1774 – 17 December 1857) was an Irish hydrographer, rear admiral of the Royal Navy, and creator of the Beaufort cipher and the Beaufort scale. Early life Francis Beaufort was descended f ...
, Irish hydrographer and naval officer (d.
1857 Events January–March * January 1 – The biggest Estonian newspaper, ''Postimees'', is established by Johann Voldemar Jannsen. * January 7 – The partly French-owned London General Omnibus Company begins operating. * Janua ...
) * May 28 – Edward Charles Howard, British chemist (d.
1816 This year was known as the ''Year Without a Summer'', because of low temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere, possibly the result of the Mount Tambora volcanic eruption in Indonesia in 1815, causing severe global cooling, catastrophic in s ...
)


June

* June 1 ** Pryse Pryse, British Whig politician (d.
1849 Events January–March * January 1 – France begins issue of the Ceres series, the nation's first postage stamps. * January 5 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848: The Austrian army, led by Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz, enters in th ...
) **
Ferdinand Weerth Ferdinand Weerth (1 June 1774 in Gemarke – 18 October 1836 in Detmold) was a German pastor and school-reformer in the Principality of Lippe. Between 1805 and 1836 he officiated as the general superintendent (spiritual leader) of the Refo ...
, German theologian (d.
1836 Events January–March * January 1 – Queen Maria II of Portugal marries Prince Ferdinand Augustus Francis Anthony of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. * January 5 – Davy Crockett arrives in Texas. * January 12 ** , with Charles Darwin on board, r ...
) * June 2 – William Lawson, English-born Australian explorer and politician (d.
1850 Events January–June * April ** Pope Pius IX returns from exile to Rome. ** Stephen Foster's parlor ballad "Ah! May the Red Rose Live Alway" is published in the United States. * April 4 – Los Angeles is incorporated as a cit ...
) * June 3 ** John Roblin, Canadian politician (d.
1813 Events January–March * January 18–January 23 – War of 1812: The Battle of Frenchtown is fought in modern-day Monroe, Michigan between the United States and a British and Native American alliance. * January 24 – T ...
) ** Robert Tannahill, Scottish poet (d.
1810 Events January–March * January 1 – Major-General Lachlan Macquarie officially becomes Governor of New South Wales. * January 4 – Australian seal hunter Frederick Hasselborough discovers Campbell Island, in the Subantarctic. * Janua ...
) *
June 5 Events Pre-1600 *1257 – Kraków, in Poland, receives city rights. *1283 – Battle of the Gulf of Naples: Roger of Lauria, admiral to King Peter III of Aragon, destroys the Neapolitan fleet and captures Charles II of Naples, Charles ...
**
Louis Victorin Cassagne Louis Victorin Cassagne (5 June 1774 – 6 July 1841) became a French division commander during the Napoleonic Wars. In 1793 he joined a free company which was immediately absorbed into a volunteer battalion. Until 1795 he fought in the Army of the ...
, French officer (d.
1841 Events January–March * January 20 – Charles Elliot of the United Kingdom, and Qishan of the Qing dynasty, agree to the Convention of Chuenpi. * January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the i ...
) ** Charles Bulkeley Egerton, British Army general (d.
1857 Events January–March * January 1 – The biggest Estonian newspaper, ''Postimees'', is established by Johann Voldemar Jannsen. * January 7 – The partly French-owned London General Omnibus Company begins operating. * Janua ...
) *
June 6 Events Pre-1600 * 913 – Constantine VII, the eight-year-old illegitimate son of Leo VI the Wise, becomes nominal ruler of the Byzantine Empire under the regency of a seven-man council headed by Patriarch Nicholas Mystikos, appointed b ...
**
Sir John D'Oyly, 1st Baronet, of Kandy Sir John D'Oyly, 1st Baronet (6 June 1774 – 25 May 1824) was a British colonial administrator. Life He was the second son of Matthias D'Oyly, Archdeacon of Hastings and his wife Mary. He was educated at Westminster School and matriculated at ...
, British colonial administrator (d.
1824 May 7: The almost completely deaf Beethoven premieres his Symphony No. 9 (Beethoven) , Ninth Symphony Events January–March * January 8 – After much controversy, Michael Faraday is finally elected as a member of the Royal Society, ...
) **
János Nepomuk Farkas János Nepomuk Farkas de Boldogfa (6 of June 1774 – 5 of May 1847) was a Hungarian nobleman, jurist, landowner, vice-ispán of the county of Zala (''alispán of Zala'') between 1832 and 1835. Biography Born in Zalaboldogfa in the count ...
, Hungarian politician (d.
1847 Events January–March * January 4 – Samuel Colt sells his first revolver pistol to the U.S. government. * January 13 – The Treaty of Cahuenga ends fighting in the Mexican–American War in California. * January 16 – John C. Frémont ...
) ** Étienne Soulange-Bodin, French agronomist (d.
1846 Events January–March * January 5 – The United States House of Representatives votes to stop sharing the Oregon Country with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom. * January 13 – The Milan–Venice railway' ...
) * June 8 – Henry Philip Hope, Anglo-Dutch art and gem collector (d.
1839 Events January–March * January 2 – The first photograph of the Moon is taken, by French photographer Louis Daguerre. * January 6 – Night of the Big Wind: Ireland is struck by the most damaging cyclone in 300 years. * January 9 – T ...
) * June 9 ** Pierre-Athanase Chauvin, French painter (d.
1832 Events January–March * January 6 – Abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison founds the New-England Anti-Slavery Society. * January 13 – The Christmas Rebellion of slaves is brought to an end in Jamaica, after the island's white plan ...
) ** Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall, Austrian orientalist (d.
1856 Events January–March * January 8 – Borax deposits are discovered in large quantities by John Veatch in California. * January 23 – American paddle steamer SS ''Pacific'' leaves Liverpool (England) for a transatlantic voyag ...
) ** Edward King, Royal Navy officer (d.
1807 Events January–March * January 7 – The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland issues an Order in Council prohibiting British ships from trading with France or its allies. * January 20 – The Sierra Leone Company, faced with b ...
) ** Nathaniel Upham, American politician (d.
1829 Events January–March * January 19 – August Klingemann's adaptation of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's ''Faust'' premieres in Braunschweig. * February 27 – Battle of Tarqui: Troops of Gran Colombia and Peru battle to a draw. * March ...
) **
Christopher Wordsworth Christopher Wordsworth (30 October 180720 March 1885) was an English intellectual and a bishop of the Anglican Church. Life Wordsworth was born in London, the youngest son of Christopher Wordsworth, Master of Trinity, who was the youngest b ...
, English divine and scholar (d.
1846 Events January–March * January 5 – The United States House of Representatives votes to stop sharing the Oregon Country with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom. * January 13 – The Milan–Venice railway' ...
) * June 10 ** George Dollond, British astronomer (d.
1852 Events January–March * January 14 – President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic. * January 15 – Nine men representing various Jewish charitable organizations come tog ...
) ** Carl Haller von Hallerstein, German architect (d.
1817 Events January–March * January 1 – Sailing through the Sandwich Islands, Otto von Kotzebue discovers New Year Island. * January 19 – An army of 5,423 soldiers, led by General José de San Martín, starts crossing the ...
) * June 11 **
Christian Conrad Danneskiold-Samsøe Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words '' Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρ ...
, Danish aristocrat, magistrate and businessman (d.
1823 Events January–March * January 22 – By secret treaty signed at the Congress of Verona, the Quintuple Alliance gives France a mandate to invade Spain for the purpose of restoring Ferdinand VII (who has been captured by armed revolutio ...
) **
George Suttor George Suttor (11 June 1774 – 5 May 1858) was an Anglo-Scottish farmer and pioneer settler of Australia, who is notable as the founder of a significant Australian family, and also as a supporter of Captain Bligh following the 1808 Rebellion at ...
, farmer and pioneer settler in New South Wales, Australia (d.
1859 Events January–March * January 21 – José Mariano Salas (1797–1867) becomes Conservative interim President of Mexico. * January 24 ( O. S.) – Wallachia and Moldavia are united under Alexandru Ioan Cuza (Romania since 1866, final u ...
) * June 13 –
Jacob Lindley Jacob Lindley (June 13, 1774 – January 29, 1857) was the first president of Ohio University, between 1809 and 1822. Life Lindley was educated at Thaddeus Dod's log college (later Jefferson College) and College of New Jersey. He was one of ...
, Founder of Ohio University (d.
1857 Events January–March * January 1 – The biggest Estonian newspaper, ''Postimees'', is established by Johann Voldemar Jannsen. * January 7 – The partly French-owned London General Omnibus Company begins operating. * Janua ...
) * June 14 **
David Low Dodge David Low Dodge (June 14, 1774April 23, 1852) was an American activist and theologian who helped to establish the New York Peace Society and was a founder of the New York Bible Society and the New York Tract Society. According to historian Dale ...
, American theologian (d.
1852 Events January–March * January 14 – President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic. * January 15 – Nine men representing various Jewish charitable organizations come tog ...
) **
Johann Karl Freiesleben Johann Karl Freiesleben (14 June 1774 – 20 March 1846) was a German mineralogist and mining commissioner in Saxony. He was a childhood friend and correspondent of Alexander von Humboldt and was a promoter of stratigraphy and geognosy as taught ...
, German miner and geologist (d.
1846 Events January–March * January 5 – The United States House of Representatives votes to stop sharing the Oregon Country with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom. * January 13 – The Milan–Venice railway' ...
) * June 17 – Asahel Stearns, American politician (d.
1839 Events January–March * January 2 – The first photograph of the Moon is taken, by French photographer Louis Daguerre. * January 6 – Night of the Big Wind: Ireland is struck by the most damaging cyclone in 300 years. * January 9 – T ...
) * June 18 ** Charles Elphinstone Fleeming, British politician and Royal Navy admiral (d.
1840 Events January–March * January 3 – One of the predecessor papers of the ''Herald Sun'' of Melbourne, Australia, ''The Port Phillip Herald'', is founded. * January 10 – Uniform Penny Post is introduced in the United Kingdom. * Janua ...
) ** Pavel Alexandrovich Stroganov, Russian military commander and statesman (d.
1817 Events January–March * January 1 – Sailing through the Sandwich Islands, Otto von Kotzebue discovers New Year Island. * January 19 – An army of 5,423 soldiers, led by General José de San Martín, starts crossing the ...
) * June 19 **
Aloys von Kaunitz-Rietberg ''Aloys Wenzel, Prince von Kaunitz-Rietberg (19 June 1774 - 15 November 1848) was a German nobleman and a diplomat of the Austrian Empire. From the Kaunitz-Rietberg-Questenberg branch of his family, he was the last count of Rietberg, since the cou ...
, German nobleman and a diplomat of the Austrian Empire (d.
1848 1848 is historically famous for the wave of revolutions, a series of widespread struggles for more liberal governments, which broke out from Brazil to Hungary; although most failed in their immediate aims, they significantly altered the polit ...
) ** Egerton Smith, British magazine publisher, editor (d.
1841 Events January–March * January 20 – Charles Elliot of the United Kingdom, and Qishan of the Qing dynasty, agree to the Convention of Chuenpi. * January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the i ...
) ** Leonard Woods, American theologian (d.
1854 Events January–March * January 4 – The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the ''Samarang''. * January 6 – The fictional detective Sherlock Holmes is perhaps born. * January 9 – The Teut ...
) *
June 21 Events Pre-1600 * 533 – A Byzantine expeditionary fleet under Belisarius sails from Constantinople to attack the Vandals in Africa, via Greece and Sicily (approximate date). * 1307 – Külüg Khan is enthroned as Khagan of the Mo ...
** James Patton Preston, American politician (d.
1843 Events January–March * January ** Serial publication of Charles Dickens's novel ''Martin Chuzzlewit'' begins in London; in the July chapters, he lands his hero in the United States. ** Edgar Allan Poe's short story "The Tell-Tale Heart" ...
) ** Daniel D. Tompkins,
6th 6 (six) is the natural number following 5 and preceding 7. It is a composite number and the smallest perfect number. In mathematics Six is the smallest positive integer which is neither a square number nor a prime number; it is the second small ...
Vice President of the United States (d.
1825 Events January–March * January 4 – King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies dies in Naples and is succeeded by his son, Francis. * February 3 – Vendsyssel-Thy, once part of the Jutland peninsula forming westernmost Denmark, becomes a ...
) *
June 23 Events Pre-1600 * 229 – Sun Quan proclaims himself emperor of Eastern Wu. * 1266 – War of Saint Sabas: In the Battle of Trapani, the Venetians defeat a larger Genoese fleet, capturing all its ships. * 1280 – The Spanish Re ...
** François Antoine Lallemand, French general (d.
1839 Events January–March * January 2 – The first photograph of the Moon is taken, by French photographer Louis Daguerre. * January 6 – Night of the Big Wind: Ireland is struck by the most damaging cyclone in 300 years. * January 9 – T ...
) **
Matthijs Siegenbeek Matthijs Siegenbeek (; 23 June 1774 in Amsterdam – 26 November 1854 in Leiden) was a Dutch academic. From 1797 to 1847 he was the first professor of the Dutch language at the University of Leiden. From 1803 he was the member, then secretary, o ...
, Dutch academic (d.
1854 Events January–March * January 4 – The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the ''Samarang''. * January 6 – The fictional detective Sherlock Holmes is perhaps born. * January 9 – The Teut ...
) * June 24 **
Antonio González de Balcarce Antonio González de Balcarce (June 24, 1774 – August 15, 1819) was an Argentine military commander in the early 19th century. González de Balcarce was born in Buenos Aires. He joined the armed forces as a cadet in 1788. In the battle for Mo ...
, Argentine general (d.
1819 Events January–March * January 2 – The Panic of 1819, the first major peacetime financial crisis in the United States, begins. * January 25 – Thomas Jefferson founds the University of Virginia. * January 29 – Si ...
) ** John Cole, American music publisher (d.
1855 Events January–March * January 1 – Ottawa, Ontario, is incorporated as a city. * January 5 – Ramón Castilla begins his third term as President of Peru. * January 23 ** The first bridge over the Mississippi River opens ...
) ** Princess Caroline of Gloucester, British princess (d.
1775 Events Summary The American Revolutionary War began this year, with the first military engagement being the April 19 Battles of Lexington and Concord on the day after Paul Revere's now-legendary ride. The Second Continental Congress t ...
) **
François-Nicolas-Benoît Haxo François Nicolas Benoît, Baron Haxo (24 June 1774 – 25 June 1838) was a French Army general and military engineer during the French Revolution and First French Empire, First Empire. Haxo became famous in the Siege of Antwerp (1832), Siege of A ...
, French general (d.
1838 Events January–March * January 10 – A fire destroys Lloyd's Coffee House and the Royal Exchange in London. * January 11 – At Morristown, New Jersey, Samuel Morse, Alfred Vail and Leonard Gale give the first public demonstration o ...
) **
Claude Charles Marie du Campe de Rosamel Claude Charles Marie du Campe de Rosamel (24 June 1774 – 27 March 1848) was a French politician and naval officer. Rosales was born at the Château de Rosamel in Frencq, Northern France on June 24, 1774. He was commander of the ''Pomone'' in ...
, French naval minister (d.
1848 1848 is historically famous for the wave of revolutions, a series of widespread struggles for more liberal governments, which broke out from Brazil to Hungary; although most failed in their immediate aims, they significantly altered the polit ...
) **
Azariah Shadrach Azariah Shadrach (1774–1844) was a Welsh evangelical writer and pastor. Life He was born on 24 June 1774 at Garn Deilo fach in the parish of Llanfair-Nant-y-Gôf, Pembrokeshire, the fifth son of Henry and Ann Shadrach of Nevern. As an adult and ...
, Welsh minister (d.
1844 In the Philippines, it was the only leap year with 365 days, as December 31 was skipped when 1845 began after December 30. Events January–March * January 15 – The University of Notre Dame, based in the city of the same name, receives ...
) ** Edward Taylor, British politician (d.
1843 Events January–March * January ** Serial publication of Charles Dickens's novel ''Martin Chuzzlewit'' begins in London; in the July chapters, he lands his hero in the United States. ** Edgar Allan Poe's short story "The Tell-Tale Heart" ...
) * June 25 – James Gage, Canadian businessman (d.
1854 Events January–March * January 4 – The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the ''Samarang''. * January 6 – The fictional detective Sherlock Holmes is perhaps born. * January 9 – The Teut ...
) * June 29 –
Princess Amalie of Hesse-Homburg , title = Hereditary Princess of Anhalt-Dessau , image = Johann Friedrich August Tischbein - Christiane Amalie Erbprinzessin von Anhalt-Dessau.jpg , caption = , reign = , coronation = , predecessor = , successor = , ...
, Consort of Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Anhalt-Dessau (d.
1846 Events January–March * January 5 – The United States House of Representatives votes to stop sharing the Oregon Country with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom. * January 13 – The Milan–Venice railway' ...
)


July

* July 5 **
George Butler George Butler may refer to: Arts and entertainment * George Butler (filmmaker) (1944–2021), American filmmaker * George Butler (record producer) (1931–2008), American record producer * George Bernard Butler (1838–1907), American painter * Ge ...
, English schoolmaster and divine (d.
1853 Events January–March * January 6 – Florida Governor Thomas Brown signs legislation that provides public support for the new East Florida Seminary, leading to the establishment of the University of Florida. * January 8 – Taiping Reb ...
) ** Charles Herbert, British politician (d.
1808 Events January–March * January 1 ** The importation of slaves into the United States is banned, as the 1807 Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves takes effect; African slaves continue to be imported into Cuba, and until the island ab ...
) * July 7 – Louis Auguste Marchand Plauzonne, French general (d.
1812 Events January–March * January 1 – The ''Allgemeines bürgerliches Gesetzbuch'' (the Austrian civil code) enters into force in the Austrian Empire. * January 19 – Peninsular War: The French-held fortress of Ciudad Rodrigo Siege of ...
) *
July 9 Events Pre-1600 *118 – Hadrian, who became emperor a year previously on Trajan's death, makes his entry into Rome. * 381 – The end of the First Council of Christian bishops convened in Constantinople by the Roman Emperor Theodos ...
–
Marcia Arbuthnot Marcia Arbuthnot (9 July 1774 – 24 May 1806) was the first wife of politician Charles Arbuthnot. Life She was born Marcia Mary Anne Clapcott Lisle, the daughter of William Clapcott Lisle of Upwey, Dorset and his wife Hester Cholmondeley, th ...
, lady-in-waiting (d.
1806 Events January–March * January 1 ** The French Republican Calendar is abolished. ** The Kingdom of Bavaria is established by Napoleon. * January 5 – The body of Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, lies in state in the Painted Hall ...
) * July 10 – Isaac Bullard, American politician (d.
1808 Events January–March * January 1 ** The importation of slaves into the United States is banned, as the 1807 Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves takes effect; African slaves continue to be imported into Cuba, and until the island ab ...
) * July 11 ** Robert Jameson, British scientist; (d.
1854 Events January–March * January 4 – The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the ''Samarang''. * January 6 – The fictional detective Sherlock Holmes is perhaps born. * January 9 – The Teut ...
) ** Somerset Lowry-Corry, 2nd Earl Belmore, Irish nobleman and politician (d.
1841 Events January–March * January 20 – Charles Elliot of the United Kingdom, and Qishan of the Qing dynasty, agree to the Convention of Chuenpi. * January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the i ...
) **
Axel Otto Mörner Count Axel Otto Mörner (8 June 1774 – 20 October 1852) was a Swedish artist and general. Family Mörner was born in Lekaryd Parish in Jönköping County, Sweden and was the son of Lieutenant Colonel Count Carl Gustaf Mörner and Sofia Elisab ...
, Swedish count, general, politician and artist (d.
1852 Events January–March * January 14 – President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic. * January 15 – Nine men representing various Jewish charitable organizations come tog ...
) * July 12 **
Jean-Francois Coindet Jean-François Coindet (July 12, 1774 – February 11, 1834) was a Swiss physician and researcher who is known for introducing iodine as a treatment of goitre. Jean-François Coindet was born on July 12, 1774, in Geneva as the son of Jean Jacq ...
, physiologist (d.
1834 Events January–March * January – The Wilmington and Raleigh Railroad is chartered in Wilmington, North Carolina. * January 1 – Zollverein (Germany): Customs charges are abolished at borders within its member states. * January 3 ...
) ** James Stuart, politician (d.
1833 Events January–March * January 3 – Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (1833), Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic. * February 6 – His Royal Highness Prince Otto ...
) * July 14 **
Hans Graf von Bülow Ludwig Friedrich Victor Hans Graf von Bülow (14 July 1774, Essenrode, near Brunswick – 11 August 1825, Bad Landeck, Silesia) was a Westphalian and Prussian statesman. Early life Hans Graf von Bülow was born to the noble von Bülow famil ...
, German noble (d.
1825 Events January–March * January 4 – King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies dies in Naples and is succeeded by his son, Francis. * February 3 – Vendsyssel-Thy, once part of the Jutland peninsula forming westernmost Denmark, becomes a ...
) ** Ferdinand Hartmann, German painter (d.
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
) ** Francis Lathom, British writer (d.
1832 Events January–March * January 6 – Abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison founds the New-England Anti-Slavery Society. * January 13 – The Christmas Rebellion of slaves is brought to an end in Jamaica, after the island's white plan ...
) * July 17 – John Wilbur, American Quaker minister (d.
1856 Events January–March * January 8 – Borax deposits are discovered in large quantities by John Veatch in California. * January 23 – American paddle steamer SS ''Pacific'' leaves Liverpool (England) for a transatlantic voyag ...
) * July 20 ** Edward Pelham Brenton, British Royal Navy officer & historian (d.
1839 Events January–March * January 2 – The first photograph of the Moon is taken, by French photographer Louis Daguerre. * January 6 – Night of the Big Wind: Ireland is struck by the most damaging cyclone in 300 years. * January 9 – T ...
) ** Auguste de Marmont, French General, nobleman and Marshal of France (d.
1852 Events January–March * January 14 – President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic. * January 15 – Nine men representing various Jewish charitable organizations come tog ...
) * July 24 – Franz von Klebelsberg zu Thumburg, Czech nobleman (d.
1857 Events January–March * January 1 – The biggest Estonian newspaper, ''Postimees'', is established by Johann Voldemar Jannsen. * January 7 – The partly French-owned London General Omnibus Company begins operating. * Janua ...
) * July 26 –
Ernst Ludwig von Tippelskirch Lieutenant general Ernst Ludwig von Tippelskirch (26 July 1774 in Gut Görken, Prussia – 23 January 1840 in Berlin) was a Prussian Army officer during the Napoleonic wars. Later he was commandant of Berlin and commander of the Royal Prussian St ...
, Prussian army officer (d.
1840 Events January–March * January 3 – One of the predecessor papers of the ''Herald Sun'' of Melbourne, Australia, ''The Port Phillip Herald'', is founded. * January 10 – Uniform Penny Post is introduced in the United Kingdom. * Janua ...
) * July 28 **
Elias Walker Durnford Major General Elias Walker Durnford R.E (28 July 1774 – 8 March 1850) was the builder of the Citadel, Quebec City. Durnford was born in 1774 in Lowestoft, Suffolk. He was commissioned as a Second Lieutenant in the Corps of Royal Engin ...
, British Army general (d.
1850 Events January–June * April ** Pope Pius IX returns from exile to Rome. ** Stephen Foster's parlor ballad "Ah! May the Red Rose Live Alway" is published in the United States. * April 4 – Los Angeles is incorporated as a cit ...
) ** John West, British Royal Navy officer (d.
1862 Events January–March * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – French intervention in Mexico: French, Spanish and British forces arrive in Veracruz, Mexico. * January ...
) * July 29 – Edward Wakefield, English statistician (d.
1854 Events January–March * January 4 – The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the ''Samarang''. * January 6 – The fictional detective Sherlock Holmes is perhaps born. * January 9 – The Teut ...
) * July 30 – Charles de Graimberg, French art collector and painter (d.
1864 Events January–March * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song " ...
) *
July 31 Events Pre-1600 *30 BC – Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian's forces, but most of his army subsequently deserts, leading to his suicide. * 781 – The oldest recorded eruption of Mount Fuji (Tr ...
**
Jonathan Richmond Jonathan Richmond (July 31, 1774 – July 28, 1853) was a U.S. Representative from New York. Born in Dartmouth, Massachusetts, Richmond completed preparatory studies and moved to western New York in 1813, settling in Aurora, Cayuga County, New ...
, American politician (d.
1853 Events January–March * January 6 – Florida Governor Thomas Brown signs legislation that provides public support for the new East Florida Seminary, leading to the establishment of the University of Florida. * January 8 – Taiping Reb ...
) ** Diodata Saluzzo Roero, Italian writer and poet (d.
1840 Events January–March * January 3 – One of the predecessor papers of the ''Herald Sun'' of Melbourne, Australia, ''The Port Phillip Herald'', is founded. * January 10 – Uniform Penny Post is introduced in the United Kingdom. * Janua ...
)


August

* August 1 ** John Adam, silversmith (d.
1848 1848 is historically famous for the wave of revolutions, a series of widespread struggles for more liberal governments, which broke out from Brazil to Hungary; although most failed in their immediate aims, they significantly altered the polit ...
) **
Jérôme Demers Jérôme Demers (August 1, 1774 – May 17, 1853) was a Québécois Roman Catholic priest, author, architect, educator, and ecclesiastical administrator. He was perhaps best known as a teacher of philosophy (along with literature, architecture, and ...
, Québécois priest and teacher of philosophy (d.
1853 Events January–March * January 6 – Florida Governor Thomas Brown signs legislation that provides public support for the new East Florida Seminary, leading to the establishment of the University of Florida. * January 8 – Taiping Reb ...
) ** Friedrich Guimpel, German illustrator, engraver and botanical artist (d.
1839 Events January–March * January 2 – The first photograph of the Moon is taken, by French photographer Louis Daguerre. * January 6 – Night of the Big Wind: Ireland is struck by the most damaging cyclone in 300 years. * January 9 – T ...
) *
August 2 Events Pre-1600 *338 BC – A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea, securing Macedonian hegemony in Greece and the Aegean. *216 BC – The Carthaginian arm ...
–
Ole Clausen Mørch Ole Clausen Mørch (2 August 1774 – 4 July 1829) was a Norwegian merchant and banker. He served as a representative at the Norwegian Constituent Assembly at Eidsvoll in 1814. He was born in Christianssand in Vest-Agder, Norway. He was the son o ...
, Norwegian politician (d.
1829 Events January–March * January 19 – August Klingemann's adaptation of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's ''Faust'' premieres in Braunschweig. * February 27 – Battle of Tarqui: Troops of Gran Colombia and Peru battle to a draw. * March ...
) * August 5 ** Karl Wilhelm Bardou, German portraitist, active 1797–1842 (d.
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
) **
John C. Devereux John C. Devereux (5 August 1774 – 1848) was a pioneering Irish Catholic in Utica, New York and its first mayor. "A settler of 1802 and a very prince among his fellows was John C. Devereux whose honourable career and many deeds of charity left b ...
, American politician (d.
1848 1848 is historically famous for the wave of revolutions, a series of widespread struggles for more liberal governments, which broke out from Brazil to Hungary; although most failed in their immediate aims, they significantly altered the polit ...
) *
August 6 Events Pre-1600 *1284 – The Republic of Pisa is defeated in the Battle of Meloria by the Republic of Genoa, thus losing its naval dominance in the Mediterranean. * 1538 – Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada ...
–
Asa Wells Asa Wells (August 6, 1774 - February 1859) was a pioneer farmer and surveyor from Pompey, New York who served two terms in the New York State Assembly. Background Wells was born August 6, 1774, in Colchester, Connecticut. He settled in Pompe ...
, pioneer farmer and surveyor from Pompey (d.
1859 Events January–March * January 21 – José Mariano Salas (1797–1867) becomes Conservative interim President of Mexico. * January 24 ( O. S.) – Wallachia and Moldavia are united under Alexandru Ioan Cuza (Romania since 1866, final u ...
) * August 7 ** François Benjamin Levrault, French politician (d.
1855 Events January–March * January 1 – Ottawa, Ontario, is incorporated as a city. * January 5 – Ramón Castilla begins his third term as President of Peru. * January 23 ** The first bridge over the Mississippi River opens ...
) ** William Morgan, resident of Batavia, New York (d.
1826 Events January–March * January 15 – The French newspaper ''Le Figaro'' begins publication in Paris, initially as a weekly. * January 30 – The Menai Suspension Bridge, built by engineer Thomas Telford, is opened between the island o ...
) * August 9 **
George Frederick Beltz George Frederick Beltz, KH (9 August 1774 – 23 October 1841) was an English genealogist, appointed Lancaster Herald in 1822. Life Beltz was the second of seven children of George Nicholas Beltz of St George's, Bloomsbury, a coal merchant, and E ...
, British genealogist (d.
1841 Events January–March * January 20 – Charles Elliot of the United Kingdom, and Qishan of the Qing dynasty, agree to the Convention of Chuenpi. * January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the i ...
) ** Solomon Van Rensselaer, American politician and soldier (d.
1852 Events January–March * January 14 – President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic. * January 15 – Nine men representing various Jewish charitable organizations come tog ...
) *
August 11 Events Pre-1600 * 3114 BC – The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, used by several pre-Columbian Mesoamerican civilizations, notably the Maya, begins. * 2492 BC – Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founde ...
**
Eugène François d'Arnauld Eugène François d'Arnauld (1774-1854) was a French aristocrat and politician. Biography Early life Eugène François d'Arnauld was born on 11 August 1774 in Vitrolles, Hautes-Alpes. Career Opposed to the French Revolution of 1789, he left Fran ...
, French public official (d.
1854 Events January–March * January 4 – The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the ''Samarang''. * January 6 – The fictional detective Sherlock Holmes is perhaps born. * January 9 – The Teut ...
) **
Joseph Franque Joseph Franque, also known as Joseph-Boniface Franque, the twin brother of Jean-Pierre Franque, was born at Le Buis, France, in 1774, and died in 1833. He also was a painter, and there is by him at Versailles The Palace of Versailles ( ; fr ...
, French painter (d.
1833 Events January–March * January 3 – Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (1833), Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic. * February 6 – His Royal Highness Prince Otto ...
) ** Manuel de Sarratea, Argentine politician (d.
1849 Events January–March * January 1 – France begins issue of the Ceres series, the nation's first postage stamps. * January 5 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848: The Austrian army, led by Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz, enters in th ...
) **
François Tassé François Tassé (August 11, 1774 – August 6, 1832) was a merchant and political figure in Lower Canada. He represented Effingham in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1820 to 1824. He was born François-Amable Tassé in Saint-M ...
, Canadian politician (d.
1832 Events January–March * January 6 – Abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison founds the New-England Anti-Slavery Society. * January 13 – The Christmas Rebellion of slaves is brought to an end in Jamaica, after the island's white plan ...
) * August 12 **
Jean François Boissonade de Fontarabie Jean François Boissonade de Fontarabie (12 August 17748 September 1857) was a French classical scholar. Life He was born in Paris. In 1792 he entered the public service during the administration of General Dumouriez. Driven out in 1795, he was ...
, historian from France (d.
1857 Events January–March * January 1 – The biggest Estonian newspaper, ''Postimees'', is established by Johann Voldemar Jannsen. * January 7 – The partly French-owned London General Omnibus Company begins operating. * Janua ...
) **
Hannah Kilham Hannah Kilham (1774–1832) née Spurr was an English Methodist and Quaker, known as a missionary and linguist active in West Africa. She was also a teacher and philanthropic activist in England and Ireland. Early life She was born at Sheffield ...
, Methodist missionary (d.
1832 Events January–March * January 6 – Abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison founds the New-England Anti-Slavery Society. * January 13 – The Christmas Rebellion of slaves is brought to an end in Jamaica, after the island's white plan ...
) ** Stephen Peter Rigaud, English mathematical historian and astronomer (d.
1839 Events January–March * January 2 – The first photograph of the Moon is taken, by French photographer Louis Daguerre. * January 6 – Night of the Big Wind: Ireland is struck by the most damaging cyclone in 300 years. * January 9 – T ...
) ** Robert Southey, English romantic poet (d.
1843 Events January–March * January ** Serial publication of Charles Dickens's novel ''Martin Chuzzlewit'' begins in London; in the July chapters, he lands his hero in the United States. ** Edgar Allan Poe's short story "The Tell-Tale Heart" ...
) * August 13 ** Hipólito da Costa, Brazilian journalist and diplomat (d.
1823 Events January–March * January 22 – By secret treaty signed at the Congress of Verona, the Quintuple Alliance gives France a mandate to invade Spain for the purpose of restoring Ferdinand VII (who has been captured by armed revolutio ...
) ** John Wilson (painter, born 1774), John Wilson, Scottish landscape and marine painter (d.
1855 Events January–March * January 1 – Ottawa, Ontario, is incorporated as a city. * January 5 – Ramón Castilla begins his third term as President of Peru. * January 23 ** The first bridge over the Mississippi River opens ...
) * August 15 – François-Joseph-Marie Fayolle, French musicologist, man of letters and mathematician (d.
1852 Events January–March * January 14 – President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic. * January 15 – Nine men representing various Jewish charitable organizations come tog ...
) * August 17 ** George E. Blake, American music publisher (d. 1871) ** Stephan von Breuning (librettist), Stephan von Breuning, German librettist and author (d.
1827 Events January–March * January 5 – The first regatta in Australia is held, taking place on Tasmania (called at the time ''Van Diemen's Land''), on the River Derwent at Hobart. * January 15 – Furman University, founded in 1826, b ...
) * August 18 ** Gaspard Laurent Bayle, French physician (d.
1816 This year was known as the ''Year Without a Summer'', because of low temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere, possibly the result of the Mount Tambora volcanic eruption in Indonesia in 1815, causing severe global cooling, catastrophic in s ...
) ** Meriwether Lewis, American explorer, soldier and public administrator (d.
1809 Events January–March * January 5 – The Treaty of the Dardanelles, between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Ottoman Empire, is concluded. * January 10 – Peninsular War – French Marshal Jean ...
) * August 19 – Denis-Benjamin Viger, Lower Canadian politician (d.
1861 Statistically, this year is considered the end of the whale oil industry and (in replacement) the beginning of the petroleum oil industry. Events January–March * January 1 ** Benito Juárez captures Mexico City. ** The first steam-p ...
) * August 20 ** Ludvig Frederik Brock, Norwegian military officer (d.
1853 Events January–March * January 6 – Florida Governor Thomas Brown signs legislation that provides public support for the new East Florida Seminary, leading to the establishment of the University of Florida. * January 8 – Taiping Reb ...
) ** Bernardo Gutiérrez de Lara, Governor of Tamaulipas (d.
1841 Events January–March * January 20 – Charles Elliot of the United Kingdom, and Qishan of the Qing dynasty, agree to the Convention of Chuenpi. * January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the i ...
) * August 22 ** François Aregnaudeau, French privateer captain (d.
1812 Events January–March * January 1 – The ''Allgemeines bürgerliches Gesetzbuch'' (the Austrian civil code) enters into force in the Austrian Empire. * January 19 – Peninsular War: The French-held fortress of Ciudad Rodrigo Siege of ...
) ** Bartholomäus Herder, German publisher (d.
1839 Events January–March * January 2 – The first photograph of the Moon is taken, by French photographer Louis Daguerre. * January 6 – Night of the Big Wind: Ireland is struck by the most damaging cyclone in 300 years. * January 9 – T ...
) * August 23 ** Pierre David de Colbert-Chabanais, French general (d.
1853 Events January–March * January 6 – Florida Governor Thomas Brown signs legislation that provides public support for the new East Florida Seminary, leading to the establishment of the University of Florida. * January 8 – Taiping Reb ...
) ** Jacob Crocheron, American politician (d.
1849 Events January–March * January 1 – France begins issue of the Ceres series, the nation's first postage stamps. * January 5 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848: The Austrian army, led by Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz, enters in th ...
) ** Mary Moody Emerson, American writer (d.
1863 Events January–March * January 1 – Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation during the third year of the American Civil War, making the abolition of slavery in the Confederate states an official war goal. It proclaims t ...
) ** William Plunkett Maclay, American politician (d.
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
) * August 24 – Anton Ludwig Ernst Horn, German physician (d.
1848 1848 is historically famous for the wave of revolutions, a series of widespread struggles for more liberal governments, which broke out from Brazil to Hungary; although most failed in their immediate aims, they significantly altered the polit ...
) * August 25 – Samuel William Manthey, Norwegian politician (d.
1815 Events January * January 2 – Lord Byron marries Anna Isabella Milbanke in Seaham, county of Durham, England. * January 3 – Austria, Britain, and Bourbon-restored France form a secret defensive alliance treaty against Prussi ...
) * August 26 – Sir John Lubbock, 2nd Baronet, English banker, politician (d.
1840 Events January–March * January 3 – One of the predecessor papers of the ''Herald Sun'' of Melbourne, Australia, ''The Port Phillip Herald'', is founded. * January 10 – Uniform Penny Post is introduced in the United Kingdom. * Janua ...
) * August 28 – Elizabeth Ann Seton, co-founder of Mount St. Mary's University in the United States, founder of the Sisters of Charity (d. 1821) * August 30 – Henri Van Assche, painter (d.
1841 Events January–March * January 20 – Charles Elliot of the United Kingdom, and Qishan of the Qing dynasty, agree to the Convention of Chuenpi. * January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the i ...
) * August 31 – Charles Turner (engraver), Charles Turner, English engraver (d.
1857 Events January–March * January 1 – The biggest Estonian newspaper, ''Postimees'', is established by Johann Voldemar Jannsen. * January 7 – The partly French-owned London General Omnibus Company begins operating. * Janua ...
)


September

* September 1 ** George Platt (politician), George Platt, Canadian politician (d.
1816 This year was known as the ''Year Without a Summer'', because of low temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere, possibly the result of the Mount Tambora volcanic eruption in Indonesia in 1815, causing severe global cooling, catastrophic in s ...
) ** Jane Stewart, Countess of Galloway, British noble (d.
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
) * September 5 ** Enos Collins, Canadian businessman (d. 1871) ** Caspar David Friedrich, German painter (d.
1840 Events January–March * January 3 – One of the predecessor papers of the ''Herald Sun'' of Melbourne, Australia, ''The Port Phillip Herald'', is founded. * January 10 – Uniform Penny Post is introduced in the United Kingdom. * Janua ...
) * September 7 ** Johann Jakob Bernhardi, German physician and botanist (d.
1850 Events January–June * April ** Pope Pius IX returns from exile to Rome. ** Stephen Foster's parlor ballad "Ah! May the Red Rose Live Alway" is published in the United States. * April 4 – Los Angeles is incorporated as a cit ...
) ** Colin Halkett, British Army general (d.
1856 Events January–March * January 8 – Borax deposits are discovered in large quantities by John Veatch in California. * January 23 – American paddle steamer SS ''Pacific'' leaves Liverpool (England) for a transatlantic voyag ...
) * September 8 ** Richard Ashley (musician), Richard Ashley, English viola player (d.
1836 Events January–March * January 1 – Queen Maria II of Portugal marries Prince Ferdinand Augustus Francis Anthony of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. * January 5 – Davy Crockett arrives in Texas. * January 12 ** , with Charles Darwin on board, r ...
) ** Anne Catherine Emmerich, German Augustinian Canoness, mystic, Marian visionary, ecstatic and stigmatist (d.
1824 May 7: The almost completely deaf Beethoven premieres his Symphony No. 9 (Beethoven) , Ninth Symphony Events January–March * January 8 – After much controversy, Michael Faraday is finally elected as a member of the Royal Society, ...
) * September 9 – Salomon Mayer von Rothschild, Austrian banker and businessman (d.
1855 Events January–March * January 1 – Ottawa, Ontario, is incorporated as a city. * January 5 – Ramón Castilla begins his third term as President of Peru. * January 23 ** The first bridge over the Mississippi River opens ...
) * September 14 ** Lord William Bentinck, First Governor General of India British soldier and statesman (d.
1839 Events January–March * January 2 – The first photograph of the Moon is taken, by French photographer Louis Daguerre. * January 6 – Night of the Big Wind: Ireland is struck by the most damaging cyclone in 300 years. * January 9 – T ...
) ** Georges Boisot, Minister of Interior of the Helvetic Republic (d.
1853 Events January–March * January 6 – Florida Governor Thomas Brown signs legislation that provides public support for the new East Florida Seminary, leading to the establishment of the University of Florida. * January 8 – Taiping Reb ...
) ** Henry Ridgely Warfield, American politician (d.
1839 Events January–March * January 2 – The first photograph of the Moon is taken, by French photographer Louis Daguerre. * January 6 – Night of the Big Wind: Ireland is struck by the most damaging cyclone in 300 years. * January 9 – T ...
) * September 15 ** Robert Hastings Hunkins, American politician (d.
1853 Events January–March * January 6 – Florida Governor Thomas Brown signs legislation that provides public support for the new East Florida Seminary, leading to the establishment of the University of Florida. * January 8 – Taiping Reb ...
) ** María Nicolasa de Iturbide, princess of Iturbide (d.
1840 Events January–March * January 3 – One of the predecessor papers of the ''Herald Sun'' of Melbourne, Australia, ''The Port Phillip Herald'', is founded. * January 10 – Uniform Penny Post is introduced in the United Kingdom. * Janua ...
) * September 17 ** William Fitzwilliam Owen, British Royal Navy admiral (d.
1857 Events January–March * January 1 – The biggest Estonian newspaper, ''Postimees'', is established by Johann Voldemar Jannsen. * January 7 – The partly French-owned London General Omnibus Company begins operating. * Janua ...
) ** Patrick Syme, Scottish painter (d.
1845 Events January–March * January 10 – Elizabeth Barrett receives a love letter from the younger poet Robert Browning; on May 20, they meet for the first time in London. She begins writing her ''Sonnets from the Portuguese''. * January 23 ...
) * September 19 ** Giuseppe Caspar Mezzofanti, Italian cardinal and hyperpolyglot (d.
1849 Events January–March * January 1 – France begins issue of the Ceres series, the nation's first postage stamps. * January 5 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848: The Austrian army, led by Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz, enters in th ...
) ** Coulson Wallop, English politician (d.
1807 Events January–March * January 7 – The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland issues an Order in Council prohibiting British ships from trading with France or its allies. * January 20 – The Sierra Leone Company, faced with b ...
) * September 21 – John Peter Grant (MP), John Peter Grant, Scottish politician (d.
1848 1848 is historically famous for the wave of revolutions, a series of widespread struggles for more liberal governments, which broke out from Brazil to Hungary; although most failed in their immediate aims, they significantly altered the polit ...
) * September 24 ** Robert Gilmor Jr., shipowner and art collector (d.
1848 1848 is historically famous for the wave of revolutions, a series of widespread struggles for more liberal governments, which broke out from Brazil to Hungary; although most failed in their immediate aims, they significantly altered the polit ...
) ** Michael Linning, Writer to the Signet; Scottish solicitor (d.
1838 Events January–March * January 10 – A fire destroys Lloyd's Coffee House and the Royal Exchange in London. * January 11 – At Morristown, New Jersey, Samuel Morse, Alfred Vail and Leonard Gale give the first public demonstration o ...
) ** Mariano Sánchez de Loria, Argentine politician (d.
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
) * September 25 ** Judith Lomax, American poet and religious writer (d.
1828 Events January–March * January 4 – Jean Baptiste Gay, vicomte de Martignac succeeds the Comte de Villèle, as Prime Minister of France. * January 8 – The Democratic Party of the United States is organized. * January 22 – Arthu ...
) ** Nikolaus von Maillot de la Treille, German general (d.
1834 Events January–March * January – The Wilmington and Raleigh Railroad is chartered in Wilmington, North Carolina. * January 1 – Zollverein (Germany): Customs charges are abolished at borders within its member states. * January 3 ...
) * September 26 – Johnny Appleseed, (John Chapman), American nurseryman and Swedenborgian missionary, plants apple tree nurseries in Ohio, Indiana and Illinois (d.
1845 Events January–March * January 10 – Elizabeth Barrett receives a love letter from the younger poet Robert Browning; on May 20, they meet for the first time in London. She begins writing her ''Sonnets from the Portuguese''. * January 23 ...
) * September 27 ** John Griscom, American chemist (d.
1852 Events January–March * January 14 – President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic. * January 15 – Nine men representing various Jewish charitable organizations come tog ...
) ** Bredo Henrik von Munthe af Morgenstierne Sr., Norwegian jurist (d.
1835 Events January–March * January 7 – anchors off the Chonos Archipelago on her second voyage, with Charles Darwin on board as naturalist. * January 8 – The United States public debt contracts to zero, for the only time in history. ...
) * September 28 ** Sir James Colquhoun, 3rd Baronet, of Luss, politician (d.
1836 Events January–March * January 1 – Queen Maria II of Portugal marries Prince Ferdinand Augustus Francis Anthony of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. * January 5 – Davy Crockett arrives in Texas. * January 12 ** , with Charles Darwin on board, r ...
) ** Sebastian von Schrenck, German politician (d.
1848 1848 is historically famous for the wave of revolutions, a series of widespread struggles for more liberal governments, which broke out from Brazil to Hungary; although most failed in their immediate aims, they significantly altered the polit ...
) * September 30 ** Charles-Étienne Chaussegros de Léry, Canadian politician (d.
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
) ** George Mathews (judge), George Mathews, American judge (d.
1836 Events January–March * January 1 – Queen Maria II of Portugal marries Prince Ferdinand Augustus Francis Anthony of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. * January 5 – Davy Crockett arrives in Texas. * January 12 ** , with Charles Darwin on board, r ...
)


October

* October 2 – Johannes Spitler, American painter of furniture (d.
1837 Events January–March * January 1 – The destructive Galilee earthquake causes 6,000–7,000 casualties in Ottoman Syria. * January 26 – Michigan becomes the 26th state admitted to the United States. * February – Charles Dickens's ...
) * October 4 ** Francis Ommanney, British MP (d.
1840 Events January–March * January 3 – One of the predecessor papers of the ''Herald Sun'' of Melbourne, Australia, ''The Port Phillip Herald'', is founded. * January 10 – Uniform Penny Post is introduced in the United Kingdom. * Janua ...
) ** Henry Siddons, British actor (d.
1815 Events January * January 2 – Lord Byron marries Anna Isabella Milbanke in Seaham, county of Durham, England. * January 3 – Austria, Britain, and Bourbon-restored France form a secret defensive alliance treaty against Prussi ...
) * October 7 ** Ferdinando Orlandi, Italian composer (d.
1848 1848 is historically famous for the wave of revolutions, a series of widespread struggles for more liberal governments, which broke out from Brazil to Hungary; although most failed in their immediate aims, they significantly altered the polit ...
) ** Jean Thienpont, Belgian politician and lawyer (d.
1863 Events January–March * January 1 – Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation during the third year of the American Civil War, making the abolition of slavery in the Confederate states an official war goal. It proclaims t ...
) * October 8 ** Henry Duncan (minister), Henry Duncan, British geologist, priest and social reformer (d.
1846 Events January–March * January 5 – The United States House of Representatives votes to stop sharing the Oregon Country with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom. * January 13 – The Milan–Venice railway' ...
) ** John Ely (representative), John Ely, American politician (d.
1849 Events January–March * January 1 – France begins issue of the Ceres series, the nation's first postage stamps. * January 5 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848: The Austrian army, led by Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz, enters in th ...
) ** Teis Lundegaard, Norwegian politician (d.
1856 Events January–March * January 8 – Borax deposits are discovered in large quantities by John Veatch in California. * January 23 – American paddle steamer SS ''Pacific'' leaves Liverpool (England) for a transatlantic voyag ...
) * October 10 – Peter Nourse, American clergyman (d.
1840 Events January–March * January 3 – One of the predecessor papers of the ''Herald Sun'' of Melbourne, Australia, ''The Port Phillip Herald'', is founded. * January 10 – Uniform Penny Post is introduced in the United Kingdom. * Janua ...
) * October 12 ** George J. F. Clarke, prominent citizen of East Florida (d.
1836 Events January–March * January 1 – Queen Maria II of Portugal marries Prince Ferdinand Augustus Francis Anthony of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. * January 5 – Davy Crockett arrives in Texas. * January 12 ** , with Charles Darwin on board, r ...
) ** Karoline von Feuchtersleben, German noblewoman (d.
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
) ** Luis Eduardo Pérez, President of Uruguay (d.
1841 Events January–March * January 20 – Charles Elliot of the United Kingdom, and Qishan of the Qing dynasty, agree to the Convention of Chuenpi. * January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the i ...
) * October 13 ** William Astell, English banker and politician (d.
1847 Events January–March * January 4 – Samuel Colt sells his first revolver pistol to the U.S. government. * January 13 – The Treaty of Cahuenga ends fighting in the Mexican–American War in California. * January 16 – John C. Frémont ...
) ** Samuel McKee (politician, born 1774), Samuel McKee, American politician and lawyer (d.
1826 Events January–March * January 15 – The French newspaper ''Le Figaro'' begins publication in Paris, initially as a weekly. * January 30 – The Menai Suspension Bridge, built by engineer Thomas Telford, is opened between the island o ...
) * October 15 – John Boit, one of the first Americans involved in the maritime fur trade (d.
1829 Events January–March * January 19 – August Klingemann's adaptation of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's ''Faust'' premieres in Braunschweig. * February 27 – Battle of Tarqui: Troops of Gran Colombia and Peru battle to a draw. * March ...
) * October 18 ** Adolf Müllner, German writer (d.
1829 Events January–March * January 19 – August Klingemann's adaptation of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's ''Faust'' premieres in Braunschweig. * February 27 – Battle of Tarqui: Troops of Gran Colombia and Peru battle to a draw. * March ...
) ** Sarah Thompson, Countess Rumford, philanthropist (d.
1852 Events January–March * January 14 – President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic. * January 15 – Nine men representing various Jewish charitable organizations come tog ...
) * October 19 – Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Marquess Cornwallis, British noble (d.
1823 Events January–March * January 22 – By secret treaty signed at the Congress of Verona, the Quintuple Alliance gives France a mandate to invade Spain for the purpose of restoring Ferdinand VII (who has been captured by armed revolutio ...
) * October 21 – Archibald Campbell (British Army officer, born 1774), Archibald Campbell, British Army officer (d.
1838 Events January–March * January 10 – A fire destroys Lloyd's Coffee House and the Royal Exchange in London. * January 11 – At Morristown, New Jersey, Samuel Morse, Alfred Vail and Leonard Gale give the first public demonstration o ...
) * October 23 ** Adam Otto von Bistram, Baltic German military personnel in Imperial Russian service (d.
1828 Events January–March * January 4 – Jean Baptiste Gay, vicomte de Martignac succeeds the Comte de Villèle, as Prime Minister of France. * January 8 – The Democratic Party of the United States is organized. * January 22 – Arthu ...
) ** René de Chazet, French writer (d.
1844 In the Philippines, it was the only leap year with 365 days, as December 31 was skipped when 1845 began after December 30. Events January–March * January 15 – The University of Notre Dame, based in the city of the same name, receives ...
) * October 26 – Albert Gregorius, Belgian painter (d.
1853 Events January–March * January 6 – Florida Governor Thomas Brown signs legislation that provides public support for the new East Florida Seminary, leading to the establishment of the University of Florida. * January 8 – Taiping Reb ...
) * October 27 – Alexander Baring, 1st Baron Ashburton, British politician (d.
1848 1848 is historically famous for the wave of revolutions, a series of widespread struggles for more liberal governments, which broke out from Brazil to Hungary; although most failed in their immediate aims, they significantly altered the polit ...
) * October 28 ** John Boyle (congressman), John Boyle, United States federal judge and member of the U.S. House of Representatives (d.
1835 Events January–March * January 7 – anchors off the Chonos Archipelago on her second voyage, with Charles Darwin on board as naturalist. * January 8 – The United States public debt contracts to zero, for the only time in history. ...
) ** Konstanty Adam Czartoryski, Polish noble and art collector (d.
1860 Events January–March * January 2 – The discovery of a hypothetical planet Vulcan is announced at a meeting of the French Academy of Sciences in Paris, France. * January 10 – The Pemberton Mill in Lawrence, Massachusett ...
) * October 29 – Augustin Joseph Caron, French military officer (d. 1822) * October 30 ** Pierre Barrois, French soldier and officer (d.
1860 Events January–March * January 2 – The discovery of a hypothetical planet Vulcan is announced at a meeting of the French Academy of Sciences in Paris, France. * January 10 – The Pemberton Mill in Lawrence, Massachusett ...
) ** Clarkson Crolius, American politician (d.
1843 Events January–March * January ** Serial publication of Charles Dickens's novel ''Martin Chuzzlewit'' begins in London; in the July chapters, he lands his hero in the United States. ** Edgar Allan Poe's short story "The Tell-Tale Heart" ...
)


November

* November 1 ** Alexander Caldwell (Virginia judge), Alexander Caldwell, American judge (d.
1839 Events January–March * January 2 – The first photograph of the Moon is taken, by French photographer Louis Daguerre. * January 6 – Night of the Big Wind: Ireland is struck by the most damaging cyclone in 300 years. * January 9 – T ...
) ** René Perin, French playwright (d.
1858 Events January–March * January – **Benito Juárez (1806–1872) becomes Liberal President of Mexico. At the same time, conservatives install Félix María Zuloaga (1813–1898) as president. **William I of Prussia becomes regent f ...
) * November 2 – Georges-Simon Serullas, French pharmacist (d.
1832 Events January–March * January 6 – Abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison founds the New-England Anti-Slavery Society. * January 13 – The Christmas Rebellion of slaves is brought to an end in Jamaica, after the island's white plan ...
) * November 3 – Jakov Jakšić, Serbian postmaster (d.
1848 1848 is historically famous for the wave of revolutions, a series of widespread struggles for more liberal governments, which broke out from Brazil to Hungary; although most failed in their immediate aims, they significantly altered the polit ...
) * November 4 ** Robert Allan (poet), Robert Allan, poet (d.
1841 Events January–March * January 20 – Charles Elliot of the United Kingdom, and Qishan of the Qing dynasty, agree to the Convention of Chuenpi. * January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the i ...
) ** Johannes P. Bøe, Norwegian politician (d.
1859 Events January–March * January 21 – José Mariano Salas (1797–1867) becomes Conservative interim President of Mexico. * January 24 ( O. S.) – Wallachia and Moldavia are united under Alexandru Ioan Cuza (Romania since 1866, final u ...
) ** Carlos María de Bustamante, Mexican politician (d.
1848 1848 is historically famous for the wave of revolutions, a series of widespread struggles for more liberal governments, which broke out from Brazil to Hungary; although most failed in their immediate aims, they significantly altered the polit ...
) ** John Warrock, American publisher (d.
1858 Events January–March * January – **Benito Juárez (1806–1872) becomes Liberal President of Mexico. At the same time, conservatives install Félix María Zuloaga (1813–1898) as president. **William I of Prussia becomes regent f ...
) ** Ignaz Heinrich von Wessenberg, German historian (d.
1860 Events January–March * January 2 – The discovery of a hypothetical planet Vulcan is announced at a meeting of the French Academy of Sciences in Paris, France. * January 10 – The Pemberton Mill in Lawrence, Massachusett ...
) * November 5 ** William Berry (genealogist), William Berry, English genealogist (d.
1851 Events January–March * January 11 – Hong Xiuquan officially begins the Taiping Rebellion. * January 15 – Christian Female College, modern-day Columbia College, receives its charter from the Missouri General Assembly. ...
) ** Johann Christian August Clarus, German surgeon (d.
1854 Events January–March * January 4 – The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the ''Samarang''. * January 6 – The fictional detective Sherlock Holmes is perhaps born. * January 9 – The Teut ...
) * November 6 ** David Bevan (banker), David Bevan, banker (d.
1846 Events January–March * January 5 – The United States House of Representatives votes to stop sharing the Oregon Country with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom. * January 13 – The Milan–Venice railway' ...
) ** Joseph Récamier, French gynaecologist (d.
1852 Events January–March * January 14 – President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic. * January 15 – Nine men representing various Jewish charitable organizations come tog ...
) * November 7 ** Richard Noel-Hill, 4th Baron Berwick, peer (d.
1848 1848 is historically famous for the wave of revolutions, a series of widespread struggles for more liberal governments, which broke out from Brazil to Hungary; although most failed in their immediate aims, they significantly altered the polit ...
) ** Ebenezer F. Norton, American politician (d.
1851 Events January–March * January 11 – Hong Xiuquan officially begins the Taiping Rebellion. * January 15 – Christian Female College, modern-day Columbia College, receives its charter from the Missouri General Assembly. ...
) * November 8 ** Lord Frederick Montagu, British politician (d.
1827 Events January–March * January 5 – The first regatta in Australia is held, taking place on Tasmania (called at the time ''Van Diemen's Land''), on the River Derwent at Hobart. * January 15 – Furman University, founded in 1826, b ...
) ** Robert Reid (architect), Robert Reid, British architect (d.
1856 Events January–March * January 8 – Borax deposits are discovered in large quantities by John Veatch in California. * January 23 – American paddle steamer SS ''Pacific'' leaves Liverpool (England) for a transatlantic voyag ...
) * November 9 ** Thomas Fortescue Kennedy, Royal Navy officer during the French Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars (d.
1846 Events January–March * January 5 – The United States House of Representatives votes to stop sharing the Oregon Country with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom. * January 13 – The Milan–Venice railway' ...
) ** Louis Hayes Petit, English barrister and politician (d.
1849 Events January–March * January 1 – France begins issue of the Ceres series, the nation's first postage stamps. * January 5 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848: The Austrian army, led by Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz, enters in th ...
) * November 10 – John Miller (New York politician), John Miller, New York politician (d.
1862 Events January–March * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – French intervention in Mexico: French, Spanish and British forces arrive in Veracruz, Mexico. * January ...
) * November 11 – Marcin Dunin, Roman catholic archbishop of Gnesen and Posen (d.
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
) * November 12 ** Charles Bell, British surgeon and artist (d.
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
) ** Joachim Zachris Duncker, Swedish soldier (d.
1809 Events January–March * January 5 – The Treaty of the Dardanelles, between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Ottoman Empire, is concluded. * January 10 – Peninsular War – French Marshal Jean ...
) * November 14 – Gaspare Spontini, Italian composer and conductor (d.
1851 Events January–March * January 11 – Hong Xiuquan officially begins the Taiping Rebellion. * January 15 – Christian Female College, modern-day Columbia College, receives its charter from the Missouri General Assembly. ...
) * November 17 – Pierre-Alexandre Le Camus, French politician (d.
1824 May 7: The almost completely deaf Beethoven premieres his Symphony No. 9 (Beethoven) , Ninth Symphony Events January–March * January 8 – After much controversy, Michael Faraday is finally elected as a member of the Royal Society, ...
) * November 18 ** William Horsley, English musician (d.
1858 Events January–March * January – **Benito Juárez (1806–1872) becomes Liberal President of Mexico. At the same time, conservatives install Félix María Zuloaga (1813–1898) as president. **William I of Prussia becomes regent f ...
) ** Wilhelmine of Prussia, Queen of the Netherlands, Dutch queen consort (from 1815 to 1837); second daughter and fourth child of Frederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt (d.
1837 Events January–March * January 1 – The destructive Galilee earthquake causes 6,000–7,000 casualties in Ottoman Syria. * January 26 – Michigan becomes the 26th state admitted to the United States. * February – Charles Dickens's ...
) * November 19 – Vasile Moga, romanian orthodox bishop of Sibiu (d.
1845 Events January–March * January 10 – Elizabeth Barrett receives a love letter from the younger poet Robert Browning; on May 20, they meet for the first time in London. She begins writing her ''Sonnets from the Portuguese''. * January 23 ...
) * November 20 ** Archibald Cregeen, Manx lexicographer (bap. 1774, d. 1841) (d.
1841 Events January–March * January 20 – Charles Elliot of the United Kingdom, and Qishan of the Qing dynasty, agree to the Convention of Chuenpi. * January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the i ...
) ** Henrik Steenbuch, Norwegian lawyer (d.
1839 Events January–March * January 2 – The first photograph of the Moon is taken, by French photographer Louis Daguerre. * January 6 – Night of the Big Wind: Ireland is struck by the most damaging cyclone in 300 years. * January 9 – T ...
) * November 21 ** Domingo French, Argentine revolutionary (d.
1825 Events January–March * January 4 – King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies dies in Naples and is succeeded by his son, Francis. * February 3 – Vendsyssel-Thy, once part of the Jutland peninsula forming westernmost Denmark, becomes a ...
) ** Elisabeth Canori Mora, Italian Roman Catholic mystic (d.
1825 Events January–March * January 4 – King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies dies in Naples and is succeeded by his son, Francis. * February 3 – Vendsyssel-Thy, once part of the Jutland peninsula forming westernmost Denmark, becomes a ...
) * November 24 – Thomas Dick (scientist), Thomas Dick, British astronomer (d.
1857 Events January–March * January 1 – The biggest Estonian newspaper, ''Postimees'', is established by Johann Voldemar Jannsen. * January 7 – The partly French-owned London General Omnibus Company begins operating. * Janua ...
) * November 25 – Francisco de Paula Marín, A Spaniard influential in the early Kingdom of Hawaii; confidant of Hawaiian King Kamehameha I (d.
1837 Events January–March * January 1 – The destructive Galilee earthquake causes 6,000–7,000 casualties in Ottoman Syria. * January 26 – Michigan becomes the 26th state admitted to the United States. * February – Charles Dickens's ...
) * November 26 ** Georg Ludwig Cancrin, Economist, politician (d.
1845 Events January–March * January 10 – Elizabeth Barrett receives a love letter from the younger poet Robert Browning; on May 20, they meet for the first time in London. She begins writing her ''Sonnets from the Portuguese''. * January 23 ...
) ** William Hunter (senator), William Hunter, American politician and diplomat (d.
1849 Events January–March * January 1 – France begins issue of the Ceres series, the nation's first postage stamps. * January 5 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848: The Austrian army, led by Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz, enters in th ...
) ** Peter Frederik Wulff, Danish naval officer (d.
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
) * November 27 – John Howard Kyan, British inventor (d.
1850 Events January–June * April ** Pope Pius IX returns from exile to Rome. ** Stephen Foster's parlor ballad "Ah! May the Red Rose Live Alway" is published in the United States. * April 4 – Los Angeles is incorporated as a cit ...
) * November 28 ** Frederick IV, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (d.
1825 Events January–March * January 4 – King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies dies in Naples and is succeeded by his son, Francis. * February 3 – Vendsyssel-Thy, once part of the Jutland peninsula forming westernmost Denmark, becomes a ...
) ** Sir Richard King, 2nd Baronet, Royal Navy admiral (d.
1834 Events January–March * January – The Wilmington and Raleigh Railroad is chartered in Wilmington, North Carolina. * January 1 – Zollverein (Germany): Customs charges are abolished at borders within its member states. * January 3 ...
) ** Princess Maria Antonia of Parma, Italian princess (d.
1841 Events January–March * January 20 – Charles Elliot of the United Kingdom, and Qishan of the Qing dynasty, agree to the Convention of Chuenpi. * January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the i ...
) * November 29 ** Carl Johan Fahlcrantz, painter (d.
1861 Statistically, this year is considered the end of the whale oil industry and (in replacement) the beginning of the petroleum oil industry. Events January–March * January 1 ** Benito Juárez captures Mexico City. ** The first steam-p ...
) ** Johann Gottfried Gruber, German literary critic (d.
1851 Events January–March * January 11 – Hong Xiuquan officially begins the Taiping Rebellion. * January 15 – Christian Female College, modern-day Columbia College, receives its charter from the Missouri General Assembly. ...
)


December

* December 1 – Alexander Leith (British Army officer), Alexander Leith, British Army officer, died 1859 (d.
1859 Events January–March * January 21 – José Mariano Salas (1797–1867) becomes Conservative interim President of Mexico. * January 24 ( O. S.) – Wallachia and Moldavia are united under Alexandru Ioan Cuza (Romania since 1866, final u ...
) * December 2 ** François-André Baudin, French naval officer (d.
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
) ** François-René Boussen, Belgian priest (d.
1848 1848 is historically famous for the wave of revolutions, a series of widespread struggles for more liberal governments, which broke out from Brazil to Hungary; although most failed in their immediate aims, they significantly altered the polit ...
) * December 3 – Giuseppe Federico Palombini, military general (d.
1850 Events January–June * April ** Pope Pius IX returns from exile to Rome. ** Stephen Foster's parlor ballad "Ah! May the Red Rose Live Alway" is published in the United States. * April 4 – Los Angeles is incorporated as a cit ...
) * December 4 – John Weyland, British writer and politician; (d.
1854 Events January–March * January 4 – The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the ''Samarang''. * January 6 – The fictional detective Sherlock Holmes is perhaps born. * January 9 – The Teut ...
) * December 5 – Johann Wilhelm Andreas Pfaff, German mathematician (d.
1835 Events January–March * January 7 – anchors off the Chonos Archipelago on her second voyage, with Charles Darwin on board as naturalist. * January 8 – The United States public debt contracts to zero, for the only time in history. ...
) * December 10 – Nicolas Morice, French navy officer (d.
1848 1848 is historically famous for the wave of revolutions, a series of widespread struggles for more liberal governments, which broke out from Brazil to Hungary; although most failed in their immediate aims, they significantly altered the polit ...
) * December 11 – David Bowen, Felinfoel, Welsh Baptist minister from Felinfoel (d.
1853 Events January–March * January 6 – Florida Governor Thomas Brown signs legislation that provides public support for the new East Florida Seminary, leading to the establishment of the University of Florida. * January 8 – Taiping Reb ...
) * December 12 – William Henry (chemist), William Henry, English chemist (d.
1836 Events January–March * January 1 – Queen Maria II of Portugal marries Prince Ferdinand Augustus Francis Anthony of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. * January 5 – Davy Crockett arrives in Texas. * January 12 ** , with Charles Darwin on board, r ...
) * December 13 ** Eline Heger, Danish actress (d.
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
) ** Nathan F. Dixon I, American politician (d.
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
) * December 15 – Michel Ange Lancret, Engineer with the French Corps of Bridges and Roads (d.
1807 Events January–March * January 7 – The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland issues an Order in Council prohibiting British ships from trading with France or its allies. * January 20 – The Sierra Leone Company, faced with b ...
) * December 16 – Caroline Campbell, Duchess of Argyll, British noble (d.
1835 Events January–March * January 7 – anchors off the Chonos Archipelago on her second voyage, with Charles Darwin on board as naturalist. * January 8 – The United States public debt contracts to zero, for the only time in history. ...
) * December 17 ** Andrew Jukes (surgeon), Andrew Jukes, British surgeon (d. 1821) ** Littleton Waller Tazewell, American politician (d.
1860 Events January–March * January 2 – The discovery of a hypothetical planet Vulcan is announced at a meeting of the French Academy of Sciences in Paris, France. * January 10 – The Pemberton Mill in Lawrence, Massachusett ...
) * December 20 ** John Pasco, English admiral (d.
1853 Events January–March * January 6 – Florida Governor Thomas Brown signs legislation that provides public support for the new East Florida Seminary, leading to the establishment of the University of Florida. * January 8 – Taiping Reb ...
) ** Charles Richard Vaughan, British diplomat (d.
1849 Events January–March * January 1 – France begins issue of the Ceres series, the nation's first postage stamps. * January 5 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848: The Austrian army, led by Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz, enters in th ...
) * December 21 ** John Thomas Barber Beaumont, British artist (d.
1841 Events January–March * January 20 – Charles Elliot of the United Kingdom, and Qishan of the Qing dynasty, agree to the Convention of Chuenpi. * January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the i ...
) ** James Ingram (academic), James Ingram, English academic (d.
1850 Events January–June * April ** Pope Pius IX returns from exile to Rome. ** Stephen Foster's parlor ballad "Ah! May the Red Rose Live Alway" is published in the United States. * April 4 – Los Angeles is incorporated as a cit ...
) * December 23 – Ludwig von Vincke, politician, writer and jurist (d.
1844 In the Philippines, it was the only leap year with 365 days, as December 31 was skipped when 1845 began after December 30. Events January–March * January 15 – The University of Notre Dame, based in the city of the same name, receives ...
) * December 26 – Ferdinand Oechsle, German inventor (d.
1852 Events January–March * January 14 – President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic. * January 15 – Nine men representing various Jewish charitable organizations come tog ...
) * December 27 ** Brenton Halliburton, Canadian judge (d.
1860 Events January–March * January 2 – The discovery of a hypothetical planet Vulcan is announced at a meeting of the French Academy of Sciences in Paris, France. * January 10 – The Pemberton Mill in Lawrence, Massachusett ...
) ** Ephraim Hart (New York politician), Ephraim Hart, American politician (d.
1839 Events January–March * January 2 – The first photograph of the Moon is taken, by French photographer Louis Daguerre. * January 6 – Night of the Big Wind: Ireland is struck by the most damaging cyclone in 300 years. * January 9 – T ...
) ** Johann Philipp Neumann, Austrian physicist, librarian and poet (d.
1849 Events January–March * January 1 – France begins issue of the Ceres series, the nation's first postage stamps. * January 5 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848: The Austrian army, led by Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz, enters in th ...
) * December 28 ** Mary Birkett Card, poet, abolitionist and feminist (d.
1817 Events January–March * January 1 – Sailing through the Sandwich Islands, Otto von Kotzebue discovers New Year Island. * January 19 – An army of 5,423 soldiers, led by General José de San Martín, starts crossing the ...
) ** Thomas Moore Musgrave, English postmaster and translator (d.
1854 Events January–March * January 4 – The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the ''Samarang''. * January 6 – The fictional detective Sherlock Holmes is perhaps born. * January 9 – The Teut ...
) * December 29 – Maurice FitzGerald, 18th Knight of Kerry, British politician (d.
1849 Events January–March * January 1 – France begins issue of the Ceres series, the nation's first postage stamps. * January 5 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848: The Austrian army, led by Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz, enters in th ...
) * December 31 – John Pringle (British Army officer), John Pringle, British Army officer (d.
1861 Statistically, this year is considered the end of the whale oil industry and (in replacement) the beginning of the petroleum oil industry. Events January–March * January 1 ** Benito Juárez captures Mexico City. ** The first steam-p ...
) * ''date unknown'' – Sergey Glinka, Russian author, brother of Fyodor Glinka (d.
1847 Events January–March * January 4 – Samuel Colt sells his first revolver pistol to the U.S. government. * January 13 – The Treaty of Cahuenga ends fighting in the Mexican–American War in California. * January 16 – John C. Frémont ...
)


Deaths


January

* January 1 ** Thomas Hollis (1720–1774), Thomas Hollis, English political philosopher and author (b. 1720) ** Jan Jerzy Plersch, Polish sculptor (b. 1704) *
January 7 Events Pre-1600 *49 BC – The Senate of Rome says that Caesar will be declared a public enemy unless he disbands his army. This prompts the tribunes who support him to flee to Ravenna, where Caesar is waiting. * 1325 – Alfonso IV ...
** Antoine Clériadus de Choiseul-Beaupré, French archbishop (b. 1707) ** Józef Andrzej Załuski, Polish bishop (b. 1702) * January 9 – Jacques-François Blondel, French architect (b. 1705) * January 13 ** Shem Drowne, American coppersmith (b. 1683) ** John Pugh Pryse, British Member of Parliament (b. 1739) * January 18 – Louis de Brienne de Conflans d'Armentières, French general (b. 1711) * January 19 – Thomas Gillespie (minister), Thomas Gillespie, Scottish church leader (b. 1708) * January 21 ** Florian Leopold Gassmann, Austrian composer (b. 1729) **
Mustafa III Mustafa III (; ''Muṣṭafā-yi sālis''; 28 January 1717 – 21 January 1774) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1757 to 1774. He was a son of Sultan Ahmed III (1703–30), and his consort Mihrişah Kadın. He was succeeded by his ...
, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1757 to 1774 (b. 1717) ** James Lacy (actor), James Lacy, actor and theatre manager (b. 1696) ** Hans Jacob Scheel, Norwegian general (b. 1714) *
January 22 Events Pre-1600 * 613 – Eight-month-old Constantine is crowned as co-emperor (''Caesar'') by his father Heraclius at Constantinople. * 871 – Battle of Basing: The West Saxons led by King Æthelred I are defeated by the Danelaw Vi ...
– Dudley Cosby, 1st Baron Sydney, Irish politician (b. 1730) * January 29 – Franciszek Ferdynant Lubomirski, Franciszek Ferdynand Lubomirski was a Polish nobleman (b. 1710) *
January 30 Events Pre-1600 *1018 – Poland and the Holy Roman Empire conclude the Peace of Bautzen. *1287 – King Wareru founds the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, and proclaims independence from the Pagan Kingdom. 1601–1900 *1607 – An estimated ...
** Jean-Pierre Guignon, French composer (b. 1702) ** František Tůma, Czech composer (b. 1704) * January 31 – Consort Yu (Borjigin), Consort Yu, Concubine of Chinese Emperor Qianlong (b. 1730)


February

*
February 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1327 – The teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer. * 1411 – The First Peace of Thorn is signed in Thorn (Toruń), Mon ...
– Johann Heinrich Zopf, German historian (b. 1691) *
February 4 Events Pre–1600 * 211 – Following the death of the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus at Eboracum (modern York, England) while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians, the empire is left in the control of his two quarrellin ...
– Charles Marie de La Condamine, French explorer, geographer, and mathematician (b. 1701) * February 8 – Thomas Belasyse, 1st Earl Fauconberg (second creation), Thomas Belasyse, 1st Earl Fauconberg, British peer (b. 1699) *
February 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1370 – Northern Crusades: Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Teutonic Knights meet in the Battle of Rudau. * 1411 – Following the successful campaigns during the Ottoman Interregnum, Musa Çelebi, one of the sons of ...
– Robert Jones (died 1774), Robert Jones, English politician (b. 1704) * February 18 – Karl Michael von Attems, Austrian Catholic archbishop and prince of the Holy Roman Empire (b. 1711) *
February 25 Events Pre-1600 * 138 – Roman emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius as his son, effectively making him his successor. * 628 – Khosrow II, the last great Shah of the Sasanian Empire (Iran), is overthrown by his son Kavadh II. ...
– Johann Georg, Chevalier de Saxe, German general (b. 1704) *
February 27 Events Pre-1600 * 380 – Edict of Thessalonica: Emperor Theodosius I and his co-emperors Gratian and Valentinian II declare their wish that all Roman citizens convert to Nicene Christianity. * 425 – The University of Constantinople ...
– Knud Leem, Norwegian priest and linguist (b. 1697) *
February 28 Events Pre-1600 *202 BC – Liu Bang is enthroned as the Emperor of China, beginning four centuries of rule by the Han dynasty. * 870 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople closes. *1525 – Aztec king Cuauhtémoc is executed on ...
– Anthony Askew, English physician and book collector (b. 1722)


March

* March 1 – Pierre-Antoine Gourgaud, French actor (b. 1706) * March 2 – William Talbot (1717–1774), William Talbot, English evangelical clergyman (b. 1717) * March 3 – Andrew Oliver, American merchant and public official (b. 1706) * March 4 – William Boys (Royal Navy officer), William Boys, Royal Navy officer (b. 1700) *
March 5 Events Pre-1600 * 363 – Roman emperor Julian leaves Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sasanian Empire, in a campaign which would bring about his own death. * 1046 – Nasir Khusraw begins the seven-year Middle Eastern ...
– Georg Joachim Mark, German theologian (b. 1726) *
March 7 Events Pre-1600 * 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius. * 1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Cob ...
– Carlo Alberto Guidoboni Cavalchini, Catholic cardinal (b. 1683) * March 10 – William Browne (physician), William Browne, English physician (b. 1692) * March 18 – Matthew Fetherstonhaugh, British politician (b. 1714) * March 19 – Lucas Ramírez Galán, Roman Catholic archbishop (b. 1715) *
March 21 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: King Vitiges attempts to assault the northern and eastern city walls, but is repulsed at the Praenestine Gate, known as the ''Vivarium'', by the defenders under the Byzantine generals Bessas an ...
– Diego Bernardo de Peredo y Navarrete, Mexican Roman Catholic clergyman, bishop of Yucatán (b. 1696) *
March 25 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Italian city Venice is founded with the dedication of the first church, that of San Giacomo di Rialto on the islet of Rialto. * 708 – Pope Constantine becomes the 88th pope. He would be the last pope to vi ...
** Spencer Cowper (priest), Spencer Cowper, Dean of Durham Cathedral (b. 1713) ** Countess Caroline of Nassau-Saarbrücken, German noble (b. 1704) ** Zeynep Sultan, ottoman princess, Daughter of Ottoman Sultan Ahmed III (b. 1720) * March 30 – Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken, German noble (b. 1721)


April

* April 1 – Claudius Amyand (MP), Claudius Amyand, English politician (b. 1718) * April 4 – Oliver Goldsmith, Anglo-Irish writer, poet, and physician (b. 1728) *
April 5 Events Pre-1600 * 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I. * 919 – The second Fatimid invasion of Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, sets out from Raqqada at the head of his a ...
– Situ Panchen, Tibetan lama and painter (b. 1700) * April 11 – Elias Gottlob Haussmann, German artist (b. 1695) * April 15 ** Somerset Butler, 1st Earl of Carrick, Irish peer (b. 1718) ** Jean Ignace de La Ville, French diplomat (b. 1690) * April 17 – John Winslow (British Army officer), John Winslow, British Army general (b. 1703) * April 18 ** Michael Ranft, German historian, writer and hofmeister (b. 1700) ** Rodolfo Emilio Brignole Sale, politician (b. 1708) * April 20 ** Aleksandr Bibikov, Russian statesman and military officer (b. 1729) ** Jean Saas, French lexicographer (b. 1703) *
April 23 Events Pre-1600 * 215 BC – A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Lake Trasimene. * 599 – Maya king Uneh Chan of Calakmul attacks rival city-state Palenque in southe ...
** Hafiz Rahmat Khan Barech, Afghan highlander (b. 1723) ** Christian Wilhelm Ernst Dietrich, German artist (b. 1712) * April 24 – Sara Banzet, French educator, diarist (b. 1745) * April 25 – John Fane, 9th Earl of Westmorland, English Earl (b. 1728) * April 26 – Maria Machteld van Sypesteyn, Dutch painter (b. 1724) * April 28 – Gottfried Lengnich, historian and politician (b. 1689) * April 29 – Eland Mossom, lawyer, recorder of the City of Kilkenny and representative in the Parliament of Ireland (b. 1709)


May

* May 1 – William Hewson (surgeon), William Hewson, British physiologist (b. 1739) * May 3 – Heinrich August de la Motte Fouqué, German general (b. 1698) * May 4 ** Duke Anthony Ulrich of Brunswick, Russian general (b. 1714) ** Adam Sherrill, First European to cross the Catawba River (b. 1697) ** Richard Alchorne Worge, British Member of Parliament (b. 1707) * May 6 – John Ward, 1st Viscount Dudley and Ward, British politician (b. 1704) * May 8 – Réginald Outhier, French astronomer and priest (b. 1694) *
May 10 Events Pre-1600 * 28 BC – A sunspot is observed by Han dynasty astronomers during the reign of Emperor Cheng of Han, one of the earliest dated sunspot observations in China. *1291 – Scottish nobles recognize the authority of Edw ...
** King Louis XV of France (b. 1710) ** Timothy Woodbridge, Superintendent of Indian Affairs (b. 1709) ** Louis XV, Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and of Navarre (b. 1710) * May 12 – Giuseppe Antonio Luchi, Italian painter (b. 1709) * May 17 – Jeremiah Theus, American artist (b. 1716) * May 18 – William FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Cleveland, English noble (b. 1698) * May 23 – Tatiana Mikhailovna Troepolskaya, actor (b. 1744) * May 26 – Wilhelm Reinhard von Neipperg, Austrian field marshal (b. 1684)


June

* June 3 – Joseph Gerrish, Canadian politician (b. 1709) * June 7 ** Ignatius van der Beken, Flemish painter (b. 1689) ** Charles Townley (officer of arms), Charles Townley, Officer of Arms (b. 1713) * June 11 – Emmerich Joseph von Breidbach zu Bürresheim, Roman Catholic archbishop (b. 1707) * June 15 – Karl Heinrich von Bogatzky, German hymnwriter (b. 1690) * June 18 – Francis Andrews, Irish politician (b. 1718) *
June 20 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius' battles Attila the Hun. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory. * 1180 – First Battle of Uji, starting ...
– Joshua Kirby, British artist (b. 1716) * June 24 – Thomas Amory (tutor), Thomas Amory, English tutor/minister/poet (b. 1701) * June 27 – Nicolas Tindal, British historian (b. 1688) * June 29 – Zachary Pearce, English bishop (b. 1690)


July

* July 1 – Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland, British politician (b. 1705) * July 4 – William Price (High Sheriff), William Price, Welsh High Sheriff and antiquarian (b. 1690) * July 8 – Brooke Forester, British politician (b. 1717) *
July 9 Events Pre-1600 *118 – Hadrian, who became emperor a year previously on Trajan's death, makes his entry into Rome. * 381 – The end of the First Council of Christian bishops convened in Constantinople by the Roman Emperor Theodos ...
– Anna Morandi Manzolini, internationally known Italian anatomist and anatomical wax modeller (b. 1714) * July 11 – Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet, Anglo-Irish official of the British Empire (b. 1715) * July 13 – Otto von Münchhausen, German botanist (b. 1716) * July 14 ** Matthew Blakiston, British politician (b. 1702) ** James O'Hara, 2nd Baron Tyrawley, Irish officer in the British Army (b. 1682) * July 17 – Miguel Anselmo Álvarez de Abreu y Valdéz, Bishop of Antequera, Oaxaca, México ; Bishop (b. 1711) * July 18 ** Sir Thomas Alston, 5th Baronet, English Baronet and MP (b. 1724) ** Thomas Fitch (governor), Thomas Fitch, Governor of the Connecticut Colony (b. 1700) * July 21 – Percy Wyndham-O'Brien, 1st Earl of Thomond, Irish earl (b. 1723) * July 24 ** Caroline Fox, 1st Baroness Holland, British baroness; eldest of the Lennox sisters (b. 1723) ** Johann George Schmidt, architect from Germany (b. 1707) * July 25 – John Drummond (1723–1774), John Drummond, British private banker and politician (b. 1723) * July 27 – Samuel Gottlieb Gmelin, German physician, botanist, and explorer (b. 1744)


August

* August 10 ** William Rawlinson Earle, British Member of Parliament (b. 1702) ** Jean Charles Joseph, Count of Merode, Marquis of Deynze, noble of the Austrian Netherlands (b. 1719) *
August 11 Events Pre-1600 * 3114 BC – The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, used by several pre-Columbian Mesoamerican civilizations, notably the Maya, begins. * 2492 BC – Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founde ...
** Frederik Nannestad, Norwegian bishop (b. 1693) ** Charles-François Tiphaigne de la Roche, French writer (b. 1722) * August 13 – Peter Applebye, British-Danish industrialist (b. 1709) * August 14 – Johann Jakob Reiske, German scholar, physician (b. 1716) * August 20 – Ann Wager, American educator (b. 1716) * August 21 – Imperial Noble Consort Qinggong, Qing Dynasty imperial noble consort (b. 1724) * August 25 – Niccolò Jommelli, Italian composer (b. 1714) * August 26 – Philipp Jakob Straub, Austrian sculptor (b. 1706)


September

* September 5 – Sir Charles Herbert Sheffield, 1st Baronet, British estate owner and baronet (b. 1706) * September 10 – Pierre-Jean Mariette, French art historian (b. 1694) * September 16 – Christophe Le Menu de Saint-Philbert, composer (b. 1720) * September 18 – Johann Friedrich Meckel, the Elder, German anatomist (b. 1724) * September 22 ** Filippo Farsetti, Italian patron (b. 1703) ** Charles Louis, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck (b. 1690) ** Pope Clement XIV, pope and bishop of Rome from 1769 to 1774 (b. 1705) * September 24 – Greta Donner, Swedish businesswoman (b. 1726) * September 25 ** John Bradstreet, Canadian-born soldier (b. 1714) ** Sir Richard Corbet, 4th Baronet, British Member of Parliament (b. 1696) ** Sholto Douglas, 15th Earl of Morton, British earl (b. 1732)


October

* October 2 – Alfonso Clemente de Aróstegui, Scholar and Roman catholic bishop (b. 1698) * October 8 – Philippe Caffieri (1714–1774), Philippe Caffieri, French sculptor (b. 1714) * October 11 – Jean-Claude Chambellan Duplessis, French designer (b. 1699) * October 12 – Tokugawa Haruaki, Japanese samurai (b. 1753) * October 13 – Willem Bentinck van Rhoon, Dutch politician (b. 1704) * October 15 – Dmitry Ukhtomsky, Russian architect (b. 1719) * October 16 – Robert Fergusson, Scottish poet and writer (b. 1750) * October 22 – William Molineux, Colonial American merchant (b. 1718) * October 23 – Michel Benoist, French Jesuit missionary, scientist (b. 1715) * October 27 – Gerolamo Mengozzi Colonna, Italian painter (b. 1686) * October 28 – Jean Löfblad, Swedish actor (b. 1728) * October 29 – Ferdinand Augustin Hallerstein, Jesuit missionary (b. 1703) * October 31 ** Thomas Hunt (Arabic scholar), Thomas Hunt, English academic, Oxford Laudian Professor of Arabic (b. 1696) ** Edward Noel, 1st Viscount Wentworth, British peer (b. 1715)


November

* November 1 – Johan Peter Falk, Swedish botanist (b. 1732) * November 3 – Glocester Ridley, English writer (b. 1702) * November 5 ** Urbain Boiret, Canadian priest (b. 1731) ** Peter Spendelowe Lamborn, English engraver and miniature painter (b. 1722) ** John Murray, 3rd Duke of Atholl, British peer (b. 1729) * November 6 – Thomas Bradshaw (MP), Thomas Bradshaw, British Member of Parliament (b. 1733) * November 13 – Robert Rochfort, 1st Earl of Belvedere, Anglo-Irish politician and peer (b. 1708) * November 15 – Anne Howard, Countess of Effingham, British countess (b. 1695) * November 16 – Francis Owen (politician), Francis Owen, British Member of Parliament (b. 1745) * November 17 – Jean Althen, Armenian agronomist (b. 1709) * November 20 – Abraham Tucker, English philosopher (b. 1705) * November 21 – Johann Siegmund Popowitsch, Austrian botanist (b. 1705) * November 22 ** Robert Clive, British military officer and East India Company official (b. 1725) ** Edward Rooker, English engraver, draughtsman and actor (b. 1712) * November 23 – Gottfried Bernhard Göz, German artist (b. 1708) * November 25 – Henry Baker (naturalist), Henry Baker, English naturalist (b. 1698) * November 28 – Pierre de l'Estache, French sculptor (b. 1688) * November 29 – Gabriel de Clieu, Guadeloupean politician (b. 1687) * November 30 ** John Rann, English criminal and highwayman (b. 1750) ** Nicolas-François Dupré de Saint-Maur, French academic (b. 1695)


December

* December 2 – Johann Friedrich Agricola, German composer (b. 1720) * December 5 – Karunai Prakasar, Spiritual writer and philosopher (b. 1756) * December 13 – Guillaume du Tillot, French politician (b. 1711) * December 16 ** Susanne von Klettenberg, German abbess and writer (b. 1723) ** François Quesnay, French economist (b. 1694) ** Francis Willoughby, 3rd Baron Middleton, British baron (b. 1726) * December 17 – Friedrich Wilhelm, Graf von Wylich und Lottum, Prussian army officer (b. 1716) * December 19 – Deborah Read, spouse of Benjamin Franklin (b. 1708) * December 20 – Paul Whitehead (satirist), Paul Whitehead, British satirist (b. 1710) * December 21 – Thomas Broughton (writer), Thomas Broughton, English clergyman, biographer and miscellaneous writer (b. 1704) * December 23 – Francesco Maria Preti, architect (b. 1701) * December 24 – Peter Fenger (1719–1774), Peter Fenger, Danish merchant (b. 1719) * December 26 ** Godfrey Bagnall Clarke, British politician (b. 1742) ** Stephen Fox, 2nd Baron Holland, British politician and peer (b. 1745) * December 27 ** Louis Groston de Saint-Ange de Bellerive, Canadian explorer (b. 1700) ** Francis Wollaston (scientist), Francis Wollaston, English scientist (b. 1694) * December 29 ** Toussaint-Gaspard Taconet, French actor (b. 1730) ** Maria Weenix, painter from the Northern Netherlands (b. 1697) * December 30 – Antoniotto Botta Adorno, high officer (b. 1688) * December 31 – Johann Christoph Handke, Czech painter (b. 1694) * ''date unknown'' ** Martinez de Pasqually, French freemason ** Margaret Calderwood, British people, British diarist (b. 1715) ** Catherine Michelle de Maisonneuve, French writer and publisher


References


Further reading

* * Norton, Mary Beth. ''1774: The Long Year of Revolution'' (2020) American Revolutio
online review
by Gordon S. Wood, Gordon Wood {{DEFAULTSORT:1774 1774,