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Uddhacca
Auddhatya (Sanskrit; Pali: ''uddhacca''; Tibetan phonetic: ''göpa '') is a Buddhist term that is translated as "excitement", "restlessness", etc. In the Theravada tradition, ''uddhacca'' is defined as a mental factor that is characterized by disquietude, like water whipped by the wind. In the Mahayana tradition, ''auddhatya'' is defined as a mental factor that causes our mind to fly off from an object and recollect something else.Guenther (1975), Kindle Locations 953-954.Kunsang (2004), p. 29. Auddhatya (Pali: uddhacca) is identified as: * One of the fourteen unwholesome mental factors within the Theravada Abhidharma teachings * One of the twenty secondary unwholesome factors within the Mahayana Abhidharma teachings * One of the five hindrances to meditation (in combination with kukkucca) * One of the five faults or obstacles to shamatha meditation within the Mahayana teachings. * One of the ten fetters in the Theravada tradition Explanations Theravada Bhikkhu Bodhi states: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fetter (Buddhism)
In Buddhism, a mental fetter, chain or bond (Pāli: ''samyojana'', Sanskrit: संयोजना, ''saṃyojana'') shackles a sentient being to sasāra, the cycle of lives with dukkha. By cutting through all fetters, one attains nibbāna (Pali; Skt.: निर्वाण, ''nirvāa''). Fetter of suffering Throughout the Pali canon, the word "fetter" is used to describe an intrapsychic phenomenon that ties one to suffering For instance, in the Khuddaka Nikaya's Itivuttaka 1.15, the Buddha states: :"Monks, I don't envision even one other fetter — fettered by which beings conjoined go wandering & transmigrating on for a long, long time — like the fetter of craving. Fettered with the fetter of craving, beings conjoined go wandering & transmigrating on for a long, long time." Elsewhere, the suffering caused by a fetter is ''implied'' as in this more technical discourse from SN 35.232, where Ven. Sariputta converses with Ven. Kotthita: :Ven. Kotthita: "How is it, f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Five Hindrances
In the Buddhist tradition, the five hindrances ( Sinhala: ''පඤ්ච නීවරණ pañca nīvaraṇa''; Pali: ') are identified as mental factors that hinder progress in meditation and in our daily lives. In the Theravada tradition, these factors are identified specifically as obstacles to the jhānas (stages of concentration) within meditation practice. Within the Mahayana tradition, the five hindrances are identified as obstacles to samatha (tranquility) meditation. Contemporary Insight Meditation teachers identify the five hindrances as obstacles to mindfulness meditation. The five hindrances are: # Sensory desire (''kāmacchanda''): seeking for pleasure through the five senses of sight, sound, smell, taste and physical feeling. # Ill-will (''vyāpāda''; also spelled ''byāpāda''): feelings of hostility, resentment, hatred and bitterness. # Sloth-and-torpor (''thīna-middha''): half-hearted action with little or no effort or concentration. # Restlessness-and-worry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kukkucca
Kaukritya (Sanskrit; Pali: ''kukkucca''; Tibetan phonetic: ''gyöpa'') is a Buddhist term that is translated as "regret", "worry", etc. In the Theravada tradition, ''kukkucca'' is defined as worry or remorse after having done wrong; it has the characteristic of regret. In the Mahayana tradition, ''kaukritya'' is defined as sadness because of mental displeasure with a former action.Guenther (1975), Kindle Locations 1020-1021.Kunsang (2004), p. 28. Kaukritya (Pali: kukkucca) is identified as: * One of the fourteen unwholesome mental factors within the Theravada Abhidharma teachings * One of the four changeable mental factors within the Mahayana Abhidharma teachings * One of the five hindrances to meditation (in combination with uddhacca) Explanations Theravada Bhikkhu Bodhi explains: :Kukkucca is worry or remorse after having done wrong. Its characteristic is subsequent regret. Its function is to sorrow over what has and what has not been done. It is manifested as remorse. Its pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wylie Transliteration
Wylie transliteration is a method for transliterating Tibetan script using only the letters available on a typical English-language typewriter. The system is named for the American scholar Turrell V. Wylie, who created the system and published it in a 1959 ''Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies'' article. It has subsequently become a standard transliteration scheme in Tibetan studies, especially in the United States. Any Tibetan language romanization scheme faces the dilemma of whether it should seek to accurately reproduce the sounds of spoken Tibetan or the spelling of written Tibetan. These differ widely, as Tibetan orthography became fixed in the 11th century, while pronunciation continued to evolve, comparable to the English orthography and French orthography, which reflect Late Medieval pronunciation. Previous transcription schemes sought to split the difference with the result that they achieved neither goal perfectly. Wylie transliteration was designed to precisely transc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
THL Simplified Phonetic Transcription
The THL Simplified Phonetic Transcription of Standard Tibetan (or ''THL Phonetic Transcription'' for short) is a system for the phonetic rendering of the Tibetan language. It was created by David Germano and Nicolas Tournadre and was published on 12 December 2003. It is essentially a simplified form of the Tournadre Phonetic System, which is used by Tournadre in his Tibetan-language textbooks. THL (formerly THDL) stands for the "Tibetan and Himalayan Library" project, which is hosted at the University of Virginia The University of Virginia (UVA) is a Public university#United States, public research university in Charlottesville, Virginia. Founded in 1819 by Thomas Jefferson, the university is ranked among the top academic institutions in the United S .... Overview Onsets [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buddhist
Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and gradually spread throughout much of Asia via the Silk Road. It is the world's fourth-largest religion, with over 520 million followers (Buddhists) who comprise seven percent of the global population. The Buddha taught the Middle Way, a path of spiritual development that avoids both extreme asceticism and hedonism. It aims at liberation from clinging and craving to things which are impermanent (), incapable of satisfying ('), and without a lasting essence (), ending the cycle of death and rebirth (). A summary of this path is expressed in the Noble Eightfold Path, a training of the mind with observance of Buddhist ethics and meditation. Other widely observed practices include: monasticism; " taking refuge" in the Buddha, the , and th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mental Factors (Buddhism)
Mental factors ( sa, चैतसिक, caitasika or ''chitta samskara'' ; pi, cetasika; Tibetan: སེམས་བྱུང ''sems byung''), in Buddhism, are identified within the teachings of the Abhidhamma (Buddhist psychology). They are defined as aspects of the mind that apprehend the quality of an object, and that have the ability to color the mind. Within the Abhidhamma, the mental factors are categorized as formations ( sa, samskara) concurrent with mind ( sa, citta).Guenther (1975), Kindle Location 321.Kunsang (2004), p. 23.Geshe Tashi Tsering (2006), Kindle Location 456. Alternate translations for mental factors include "mental states", "mental events", and "concomitants of consciousness". Introduction Mental factors are aspects of the mind that apprehend the quality of an object and have the ability to color the mind. Geshe Tashi Tsering explains: :The Tibetan for mental factors, ''semlay jungwa chö'' (Skt. ''chaitasika dharma''), means phenomena arising from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Five Faults
The five faults and eight antidotes are factors of samatha meditation identified in the Tibetan Buddhist tradition. The five faults identify obstacles to meditation practice, and the eight antidotes are applied to overcome the five faults. This system originates with Maitreyanātha's '' Madhyānta-vibhāga'' and is elaborated upon in further texts, such as Kamalaśīla's ''Stages of Meditation'' ('' Bhāvanākrama''). This formulation has been commented upon by generations of Tibetan commentators. This formulation derives originally from the Yogācāra tradition. The five faults The five faults (Sanskrit: ''ādīnava''; Tibetan: ''nyes-dmigs'') of shamatha meditation according to the textual tradition of Tibetan Buddhism are: # Laziness ('' kausīdya, le-lo'') # Forgetting the instruction (''avavādasammosa, gdams-ngag brjed-pa'') # Agitation ('' auddhatya, rgod-pa'') and dullness (''laya, bying-ba'') # Non-application (''anabhisamskāra, ’du mi-byed-pa'') # Over-application (''abh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Visuddhimagga
The ''Visuddhimagga'' (Pali; English: ''The Path of Purification''), is the 'great treatise' on Buddhist practice and Theravāda Abhidhamma written by Buddhaghosa approximately in the 5th century in Sri Lanka. It is a manual condensing and systematizing the 5th century understanding and interpretation of the Buddhist path as maintained by the elders of the Mahavihara Monastery in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. It is considered the most important Theravada text of outside of the Tipitaka canon of scriptures,See, for instance, Kheminda Thera, in Ehara et al. 1995 p. xliii: "The ''Visuddhimagga'' is a household word in all ''Theravāda'' lands. No scholar of Buddhism whether of ''Theravāda'' or of ''Mahāyāna'' is unacquainted with it." and is described as "the hub of a complete and coherent method of exegesis of the Tipitaka." Background Structure The structure of the ''Visuddhimagga'' is based on the ''Ratha-vinita Sutta'' ("Relay Chariots Discourse," MN 24), which describes th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abhidharma-samuccaya
The Abhidharma-samuccaya (Sanskrit; ; English: "Compendium of Abhidharma") is a Buddhist text composed by Asaṅga. The ''Abhidharma-samuccaya'' is a systematic account of Abhidharma. According to J. W. de Jong it is also "one of the most important texts of the Yogācāra school."Review of Rahula, Walpola ''Abhidharmasamuccaya'' by J. W. de Jong in Asanga; Boin-Webb, Sara; Rahula, Walpola (2001), pp. 291-299. riginal French published in T'oung Pao, LIX (1973), pp. 339-46. Reprinted in Buddhist Studies byJ.W. dejong, ed. Gregory Schopen, Berkeley: Asian Humanities Press, 1979, pp. 601-8./ref> According to Frauwallner, this text is based on the Abhidharma of the Mahīśāsaka tradition. The text exists in Chinese, Tibetan and a reconstructed Sanskrit version. Its Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Canon) number is 1605. In the Tibetan Kangyur, it is number 4049 in the Derge Kangyur and 5550 in the Peking Kangyur. According to Traleg Rinpoche, the ''Abhidharma-samuccaya'' is one of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raga (Buddhism)
Raga (Sanskrit: राग, IAST: ; Pali ; Tibetan: ) is a Buddhist and Hindu concept of character affliction or poison referring to any form of "greed, sensuality, lust, desire" or "attachment to a sensory object". Raga is represented in the Buddhist artwork (Sanskrit: '' bhāvacakra'') as the bird or rooster. In Hinduism, it is one of the five Kleshas or poisons that afflict the soul. In Buddhism, Raga is identified in the following contexts:Guenther (1975), Kindle Locations 715-718. * One of the three poisons within the Mahayana Buddhist tradition * One of the ''three unwholesome roots'' within the Theravada Buddhist tradition * One of the six root kleshas within the Mahayana Abhidharma teachings * One of the fourteen unwholesome mental factors within the Theravada Abhidharma teachings Definitions literally means 'color or hue' in Sanskrit, but appears in Buddhist texts as a form of blemish, personal impurity or fundamental character affliction. The term Raga also refers to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daniel Goleman
Daniel Goleman (born March 7, 1946) is an author, psychologist, and science journalist. For twelve years, he wrote for ''The New York Times'', reporting on the brain and behavioral sciences. His 1995 book ''Emotional Intelligence'' was on ''The New York Times'' Best Seller list for a year and a half, a bestseller in many countries, and is in print worldwide in 40 languages. Apart from his books on emotional intelligence, Goleman has written books on topics including self-deception, creativity, transparency, meditation, social and emotional learning, ecoliteracy and the ecological crisis, and the Dalai Lama’s vision for the future. Biography Daniel Goleman grew up in a Jewish household in Stockton, California, the son of Fay Goleman (née Weinberg; 1910–2010), professor of sociology at the University of the Pacific, and Irving Goleman (1898–1961), humanities professor at the Stockton College (now San Joaquin Delta College). His maternal uncle was nuclear physicist Alvin M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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