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Liliaceae
The lily family, Liliaceae, consists of about 15 genera and 610 species of flowering plants within the order Liliales. They are monocotyledonous, perennial, herbaceous, often bulbous geophytes. Plants in this family have evolved with a fair amount of morphological diversity despite genetic similarity. Common characteristics include large flowers with parts arranged in threes: with six colored or patterned petaloid tepals (undifferentiated petals and sepals) arranged in two whorls, six stamens and a superior ovary. The leaves are linear in shape, with their veins usually arranged parallel to the edges, single and arranged alternating on the stem, or in a rosette at the base. Most species are grown from bulbs, although some have rhizomes. First described in 1789, the lily family became a paraphyletic "catch-all" (wastebasket) group of lilioid monocots that did not fit into other families and included a great number of genera now included in other families and in some cases in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liliales
Liliales is an order of monocotyledonous flowering plants in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group and Angiosperm Phylogeny Web system, within the lilioid monocots. This order of necessity includes the family Liliaceae. The APG III system (2009) places this order in the monocot clade. In APG III, the family Luzuriagaceae is combined with the family Alstroemeriaceae and the family Petermanniaceae is recognized. Both the order Lililiales and the family Liliaceae have had a widely disputed history, with the circumscription varying greatly from one taxonomist to another. Previous members of this order, which at one stage included most monocots with conspicuous tepals and lacking starch in the endosperm are now distributed over three orders, Liliales, Dioscoreales and Asparagales, using predominantly molecular phylogenetics. The newly delimited Liliales is monophyletic, with ten families. Well known plants from the order include ''Lilium'' (lily), tulip, the North American wildflower ''Tri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lilieae
The Lilieae are a monophyletic tribe of monocotyledon perennial, herbaceous mainly bulbous flowering plants in the lily family (Liliaceae). Taxonomy The term has varied over the years but in modern classification constitutes either a broad circumscription (Lilieae ''sensu lato'', ''s.l.'') with eight genera, placed in the subfamily Lilioideae, or narrower circumscription with six genera (Lilieae ''sensu stricto'', ''s.s.''), excluding ''Tulipa'' (which now includes '' Amana'') and ''Erythronium'' which are treated as a separate tribe, Tulipeae. Within Lilieae ''s.s.'', ''Gagea'' now includes '' Lloydia'', and ''Lilium'' includes ''Nomocharis'', reducing the number of genera to four, with about 260–300 species. Phylogeny The evolutionary and phylogenetic relationships between the genera currently included in Liliaceae are shown in this cladogram. Distribution and habitat Lilieae ''s.s.'' are distributed in temperate Northern Hemisphere areas, with the main centre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tulipeae
The Tulipeae ( syn. Tulipoideae) Duby is a tribe of monocotyledon perennial, herbaceous mainly bulbous flowering plants in the Liliaceae (lily) family. As originally conceived by Duby (1828), "Tulipaceae" was a tribe within Liliaceae, consisting of the genera ''Tulipa'', ''Fritillaria'' and Lilium. Description Herbaceous non-climbing bulbous plants. Bulbs consisting of a single scale. Anthers pseudo-basifixed. fruit consists of a loculicidal capsule, seeds not winged. Tetrasporic embryo-sac formation with 7–8 nuclei. Nucella having a short base. Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) non-''Clintonia'' type. Chromosomes large - 2–11 μm (1–6 μm in ''Gagea''). Genome size (3)4–25(70) pg, x = (9)12. Polyploidy common. Taxonomy Tulipeae remained a core group of the Liliaceae, containing the type genus, Lilium for most of its taxonomic history. For instance, Bentham and Hooker (1883), placed ''Lilium'' together with ''Tulipa'' and five other genera in Liliaceae trib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lilioideae
The Lilioideae are a subfamily of monocotyledonous perennial, herbaceous mainly bulbous flowering plants in the lily family, Liliaceae. They are found predominantly in the temperate and colder regions of the Northern Hemisphere, particularly East Asia and North America. The subfamily includes two tribes. They are of economic importance, particularly the lilies and tulips. Description Lilioideae genera are relatively homogeneous and distinct from the other two Liliaceae subfamilies (Calochortoideae and Streptopoideae). They are perennial herbaceous flowering plants that are mainly bulbous (Lilieae) with contractile roots, but may be rhizomatous (Medeoleae). Stems unbranched, leaves with parallel venation. Flowers are large and showy. The embryo sac (megagametophyte) is of the Fritillaria-type (tetrasporic). Capsule septicidal, seeds often flattened, exotesta palisaded or lignified. The seeds of Medeoleae are striate. Chromosome number may be 7 (Medeoleae), 9, or 11–14, with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lilium
''Lilium'' () is a genus of herbaceous flowering plants growing from bulbs, all with large prominent flowers. They are the true lilies. Lilies are a group of flowering plants which are important in culture and literature in much of the world. Most species are native to the northern hemisphere and their range is temperate climates and extends into the subtropics. Many other plants have "lily" in their common names, but do not belong to the same genus and are therefore not true lilies. Description Lilies are tall perennials ranging in height from . They form naked or tunicless scaly underground bulbs which are their organs of perennation. In some North American species the base of the bulb develops into rhizomes, on which numerous small bulbs are found. Some species develop stolons. Most bulbs are buried deep in the ground, but a few species form bulbs near the soil surface. Many species form stem-roots. With these, the bulb grows naturally at some depth in the soil, and each ye ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medeoloideae
The Medeoloideae (syn. Medeoleae) are a subfamily of monocotyledon perennial, herbaceous mainly bulbous flowering plants in the lily family, Liliaceae. Description The Medeoleae are characterised by rhizomatous stems, inconspicuous flowers, the formation of berries that are animal dispersed and broad reticulate-veined leaves. Taxonomy In the most recent taxonomy of the AP Web system, this subfamily has been downgraded to a tribe, Medeoleae, within the subfamily Lilioideae. The taxon In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular nam ... includes two genera; References Liliaceae Monocot subfamilies {{Liliales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Streptopoideae
The Streptopoideae are a subfamily of monocotyledon perennial, herbaceous, mainly bulbous shade dwelling flowering plants in the lily family, Liliaceae. The subfamily includes three genera. Description Seeds A seed is an embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering, along with a food reserve. The formation of the seed is a part of the process of reproduction in seed plants, the spermatophytes, including the gymnosperm and angiosperm pl ... striate. References Liliaceae Monocot subfamilies {{Liliales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calochortoideae
The Calochortoideae are a subfamily of monocotyledon perennial, herbaceous and mainly bulbous flowering plants in the lily family, Liliaceae. Approximately the same group of species has been recognized as a separate family, Calochortaceae, in a few systems of plant taxonomy, including the Dahlgren system. They are found predominantly in the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, particularly East Asia and North America. Description Flowers large with no or a very short style. Perianth differentiated into calyx and corolla, tepals pubescent. The embryo-sac is of the Polygonum-type. Fruit forms a septicidal capsule. Leaves have parallel venation. Chromosome number is between 6–13, and are 1.5 to 6.5µmin length. Taxonomy The two genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monocotyledonous
Monocotyledons (), commonly referred to as monocots, (Lilianae ''sensu'' Chase & Reveal) are grass and grass-like flowering plants (angiosperms), the seeds of which typically contain only one embryonic leaf, or cotyledon. They constitute one of the major groups into which the flowering plants have traditionally been divided; the rest of the flowering plants have two cotyledons and are classified as dicotyledons, or dicots. Monocotyledons have almost always been recognized as a group, but with various taxonomic ranks and under several different names. The APG III system of 2009 recognises a clade called "monocots" but does not assign it to a taxonomic rank. The monocotyledons include about 60,000 species, about a quarter of all angiosperms. The largest family in this group (and in the flowering plants as a whole) by number of species are the orchids (family Orchidaceae), with more than 20,000 species. About half as many species belong to the true grasses (Poaceae), which are econ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lilium Martagon
''Lilium martagon'', the martagon lily or Turk's cap lily, is a Eurasian species of lily. It has a widespread native region extending from Portugal east through Europe and Asia as far east as Mongolia. Description It is stem-rooting, growing between and tall. The flower colour is typically a pink-purple, with dark spots, but is quite variable, extending from near white to near black. The flowers are scented. Numerous flowers are borne on each plant, and up to 50 can be found on vigorous plants. The green stems can be flushed with purple or red and the leaves are elliptic to inverse lanceolate, mostly in whorls, up to long and often lightly hairy underneath. Varieties Numerous names have been proposed at the levels of subspecies and varieties. Only two are recognized by the World Checklist. *''Lilium martagon'' var. ''martagon'' – from Portugal to Mongolia *''Lilium martagon'' var. ''pilosiusculum'' Freyn – Russia, Kazakhstan, Xinjiang, Mongolia Cultivation Horticultural ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lilium Candidum
''Lilium candidum'', the Madonna lily or white lily, is a plant in the Lilium, true lily family. It is native to the Balkans and Middle East, and naturalized in other parts of Europe, including France, Italy, and Ukraine, and in North Africa, the Canary Islands, Mexico, and other regions. It has been cultivated since antiquity, for at least 3,000 years, and has great symbolic value since then for many cultures. It is susceptible to several virus diseases common to lilies, and especially to ''Botrytis (fungus), Botrytis'' fungus. One technique to avoid problems with viruses is to grow plants from seed instead of bulblets. Description It forms bulbs at ground level, and, unlike other lilies, grows a basal Rosette (botany), rosette of leaves during winter, which die the following summer. A leafy floral stem, which generally grows tall, but exceptionally tall, emerges in late spring and bears several sweetly and very fragrant flowers in summer. The flowers are pure white and tinted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulb
In botany, a bulb is structurally a short stem with fleshy leaves or leaf basesBell, A.D. 1997. ''Plant form: an illustrated guide to flowering plant morphology''. Oxford University Press, Oxford, U.K. that function as food storage organs during dormancy. (In gardening, plants with other kinds of storage organ are also called "ornamental bulbous plants" or just "bulbs".) Description The bulb's leaf bases, also known as scales, generally do not support leaves, but contain food reserves to enable the plant to survive adverse conditions. At the center of the bulb is a vegetative growing point or an unexpanded flowering shoot. The base is formed by a reduced stem, and plant growth occurs from this basal plate. Roots emerge from the underside of the base, and new stems and leaves from the upper side. Tunicate bulbs have dry, membranous outer scales that protect the continuous lamina of fleshy scales. Species in the genera ''Allium'', ''Hippeastrum'', '' Narcissus'', and ''Tulipa' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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