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Xenocys
''Xenocys jessiae'', the black-striped salema, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grunt belonging to the family Haemulidae. It is endemic to the eastern Pacific Ocean. Description ''Xenocys jessiae'' has a relatively slender, elongated body, notably different from most related species. The head is conical in shape and has large eyes and a short diagonal mouth with a protruding lower jaw. It has very small teeth which are set in bands on the flaws and the palate. The dorsal fin is not continuous, the anterior spiny portion is completely divided from the posterior soft- rayed part. The dorsal fin contains 10 spines in the anterior portion and a single spine and 13-14 soft rays. The anal fin has 3 small spines and 10-11 soft rays. This species attains a maximum total length of . The back is dark silvery-grey in colour, frequently showing yellowish green, yellowish blue or blue-green tints. The colour shades to paler silver on the flanks and to silvery-white on the underparts. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haemulinae
Haemulinae is a subfamily of the Haemulidae and consists of the genera of that family which are regarded as being of New World origin, although they are now widespread. The subfamily is distinguished from the Plectorhynchinae by having a short dorsal fin which contains 13-16 soft rays, as opposed to the long dorsal fin with 17-26 soft rays of the subfamily Plectorhynchinae. Genera The following genera are included in the Haemulinae: * ''Anisotremus'' Gill 1861 * '' Boridia'' Cuvier, 1830 * ''Brachydeuterus'' Gill, 1862 * '' Conodon'' Cuvier, 1830 * '' Emmelichthyops'' Schultz, 1945 * ''Haemulon'' Cuvier, 1829 * '' Haemulopsis'' Steindachner, 1869 * ''Isacia'' Jordan & Fesler, 1893 * '' Microlepidotus'' Gill, 1862 * ''Orthopristis'' Girard, 1858 * '' Parakuhlia'' Pellegrin, 1913 * ''Pomadasys'' Lacépède, 1802 * '' Xenichthys'' Gill, 1862 * ''Xenistius'' Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 * '' Xenocys'' Jordan & Bollman, 1890 The genus '' Brachygenys'' is recognised by some auth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brachygenys
''Brachygenys'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fish, grunts belonging to the family Haemulidae. The species within the genus are found in the eastern Pacific Ocean and western Atlantic Ocean. It is not yet recognised by Fishbase but is by the Catalog of Fishes. Species The following species are classified within the genus ''Brachygenys'': * '' Brachygenys californiensis'' (Steindachner, 1875) (California salema) * '' Brachygenys chrysargyrea'' ( Gũnther, 1860) (Smallmouth grunt) * '' Brachygenys jessiae'' Jordan & Bollman, 1890 (Black-striped salema) * '' Brachygenys peruanus'' (Hildebrand, 1856) Systematics The type species of ''Brachygenys'' is ''Haemulon chrysargyreum'' which as ''H. taeniatum'' was described by the Cuban zoologist Felipe Poey (1799-1891) but that taxon is a junior synonym of ''H. chrysargyreum''. Fishbase still places ''H. chrysargyreum'' in the genus ''Haemulon'', molecular studies now suggest that ''Haemulon'' ''sensu lato'' is paraphyletic because ''H. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grunt (fish)
Haemulidae is a family of fishes in the order Perciformes known commonly as grunts. It is made up of the two subfamilies Haemulinae (grunters) and Plectorhynchinae (sweetlips), which in turn contain about 133 species in 19 genera. These fish are found in tropical fresh, brackish, and salt waters around the world. They are bottom-feeding predators, and named for the ability of Haemulinae to produce sound by grinding their teeth. They also engage in mutualistic relationship with cleaner gobies of genus ''Elacatinus'', allowing them to feed on ectoparasites on their bodies. Timeline ImageSize = width:850px height:auto barincrement:15px PlotArea = left:10px bottom:50px top:10px right:10px Period = from:-65.5 till:10 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:-65.5 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:-65.5 TimeAxis = orientation:hor AlignBars = justify Colors = #legends id:CAR value:claret id:ANK value:rgb(0.4,0.3 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haemulidae
Haemulidae is a family of fishes in the order Perciformes known commonly as grunts. It is made up of the two subfamilies Haemulinae (grunters) and Plectorhynchinae (sweetlips), which in turn contain about 133 species in 19 genera. These fish are found in tropical fresh, brackish, and salt waters around the world. They are bottom-feeding predators, and named for the ability of Haemulinae to produce sound by grinding their teeth. They also engage in mutualistic relationship with cleaner gobies of genus ''Elacatinus'', allowing them to feed on ectoparasites on their bodies. Timeline ImageSize = width:850px height:auto barincrement:15px PlotArea = left:10px bottom:50px top:10px right:10px Period = from:-65.5 till:10 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:-65.5 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:-65.5 TimeAxis = orientation:hor AlignBars = justify Colors = #legends id:CAR value:claret id:ANK value:rgb(0.4,0.3,0. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xenistius
''Xenistius'' is a genus of grunts native to the eastern Pacific Ocean. Species The currently recognized species in this genus are: * '' Xenistius californiensis'' ( Steindachner, 1876) (Californian salema) * '' Xenistius peruanus'' Hildebrand, 1946 Systematics The genus ''Haemulon'' was determined to be paraphyletic in molecular studies which showed ''Haemulon chrysargyreum'' clustered with ''Xenistius californianus''. The genus '' Brachygenys'' which had been created by Felipe Poey in 1868 was revived to include these species and ensure the monophyly of ''Haemulon''. The genus also includes the other species in ''Xenistius'' and '' Xenocys''. These changes are recognised by ''Catalog of Fishes Catalog of Fishes is a comprehensive on-line database and reference work on the scientific names of fish species and genera. It is global in its scope and is hosted by the California Academy of Sciences. It has been compiled and is continuously u ...'', making ''Xenistius'' a synony ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xenistius Californianus
''Xenistius'' is a genus of grunts native to the eastern Pacific Ocean. Species The currently recognized species in this genus are: * ''Xenistius californiensis'' (Steindachner, 1876) (Californian salema) * ''Xenistius peruanus'' Hildebrand, 1946 Systematics The genus ''Haemulon'' was determined to be paraphyletic in molecular studies which showed ''Haemulon chrysargyreum'' clustered with ''Xenistius californianus''. The genus ''Brachygenys'' which had been created by Felipe Poey in 1868 was revived to include these species and ensure the monophyly of ''Haemulon''. The genus also includes the other species in ''Xenistius'' and ''Xenocys''. These changes are recognised by ''Catalog of Fishes'', making ''Xenistius'' a synonym of ''Brachygenys'', but not yet by Fishbase FishBase is a global species database of fish species (specifically finfish). It is the largest and most extensively accessed online database on adult finfish on the web. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haemulon Chrysargyreum
''Haemulon chrysargyreum'', the smallmouth grunt, bronze grunt, or yellowstripe grunt, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grunt belonging to the family Haemulidae. It is found in the western Atlantic Ocean. Description ''H. chrysargyreum'' is a small fish that can reach a maximum length of 23 cm, but a length of 17 cm is typical. It has a short snout with an almost horizontal mouth which is small, the jaws normally not extending as far as the front margin of the pupil. The inside of the mouth is red. It has a laterally compressed body with a forked caudal fin. Its background color is silver with five bronze-yellow horizontal lines on its sides.All fins, other than the pectoral fins are partially or completely yellow. The dorsal fin contains 12 spines and 13 soft rays while the anal fin has 3 spines and 9-10 soft rays. Distribution and habitat ''H. chrysargyreum'' is widespread throughout the western Atlantic Ocean from south Florida to the cost of Brazil, inclu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Starr Jordan
David Starr Jordan (January 19, 1851 – September 19, 1931) was the founding president of Stanford University, serving from 1891 to 1913. He was an ichthyologist during his research career. Prior to serving as president of Stanford University, he had served as president of Indiana University from 1884 to 1891. Starr was also a strong supporter of eugenics, and his published views expressed a fear of "race-degeneration" and asserted that cattle and human beings are "governed by the same laws of selection". He was an antimilitarist since he believed that war killed off the best members of the gene pool, and he initially opposed American involvement in World War I. Early life and career Jordan was born in Gainesville, New York, and grew up on a farm in upstate New York. His parents made the unorthodox decision to educate him at a local girls' high school. His middle name, Starr, does not appear in early census records, and was apparently self-selected; he had begun using ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Locality (biology)
In biology, a type is a particular specimen (or in some cases a group of specimens) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally attached. In other words, a type is an example that serves to anchor or centralizes the defining features of that particular taxon. In older usage (pre-1900 in botany), a type was a taxon rather than a specimen. A taxon is a scientifically named grouping of organisms with other like organisms, a set that includes some organisms and excludes others, based on a detailed published description (for example a species description) and on the provision of type material, which is usually available to scientists for examination in a major museum research collection, or similar institution. Type specimen According to a precise set of rules laid down in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) and the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), the scientific name of every taxon is almost a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fish Described In 1890
Fish are aquatic, craniate, gill-bearing animals that lack limbs with digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish as well as various extinct related groups. Approximately 95% of living fish species are ray-finned fish, belonging to the class Actinopterygii, with around 99% of those being teleosts. The earliest organisms that can be classified as fish were soft-bodied chordates that first appeared during the Cambrian period. Although they lacked a true spine, they possessed notochords which allowed them to be more agile than their invertebrate counterparts. Fish would continue to evolve through the Paleozoic era, diversifying into a wide variety of forms. Many fish of the Paleozoic developed external armor that protected them from predators. The first fish with jaws appeared in the Silurian period, after which many (such as sharks) became formidable marine predators rather than just the prey of arthropods. Most fis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Specific Name (zoology)
In zoological nomenclature, the specific name (also specific epithet or species epithet) is the second part (the second name) within the scientific name of a species (a binomen). The first part of the name of a species is the name of the genus or the generic name. The rules and regulations governing the giving of a new species name are explained in the article species description. For example, the scientific name for humans is ''Homo sapiens'', which is the species name, consisting of two names: ''Homo'' is the " generic name" (the name of the genus) and ''sapiens'' is the "specific name". Historically, ''specific name'' referred to the combination of what are now called the generic and specific names. Carl Linnaeus, who formalized binomial nomenclature, made explicit distinctions between specific, generic, and trivial names. The generic name was that of the genus, the first in the binomial, the trivial name was the second name in the binomial, and the specific the proper term for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paraphyletic
In taxonomy (general), taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's most recent common ancestor, last common ancestor and most of its descendants, excluding a few Monophyly, monophyletic subgroups. The group is said to be paraphyletic ''with respect to'' the excluded subgroups. In contrast, a monophyletic group (a clade) includes a common ancestor and ''all'' of its descendants. The terms are commonly used in phylogenetics (a subfield of biology) and in the tree model of historical linguistics. Paraphyletic groups are identified by a combination of Synapomorphy and apomorphy, synapomorphies and symplesiomorphy, symplesiomorphies. If many subgroups are missing from the named group, it is said to be polyparaphyletic. The term was coined by Willi Hennig to apply to well-known taxa like Reptilia (reptiles) which, as commonly named and traditionally defined, is paraphyletic with respect to mammals and birds. Reptilia contains the last common ancestor of reptiles a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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