genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the continen ...
.
Species
The currently recognized species in this genus are:
* ''
Xenistius californiensis
''Xenistius'' is a genus of grunts native to the eastern Pacific Ocean.
Species
The currently recognized species in this genus are:
* '' Xenistius californiensis'' (Steindachner, 1876) (Californian salema)
* '' Xenistius peruanus'' Hildebrand, ...
'' (
Steindachner
Franz Steindachner (11 November 1834 in Vienna – 10 December 1919 in Vienna) was an Austrian zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. He published over 200 papers on fishes and over 50 papers on reptiles and amphibians. Steindachner describ ...
, 1876) (Californian salema)
* ''
Xenistius peruanus
''Xenistius'' is a genus of grunts native to the eastern Pacific Ocean.
Species
The currently recognized species in this genus are:
* ''Xenistius californiensis'' (Steindachner, 1876) (Californian salema)
* '' Xenistius peruanus'' Hildebrand, 1 ...
''
Hildebrand
Hildebrand is a character from Germanic heroic legend. ''Hildebrand'' is the modern German form of the name: in Old High German it is ''Hiltibrant'' and in Old Norse ''Hildibrandr''. The word ''hild'' means "battle" and ''brand'' means "sword". ...
, 1946
Systematics
The genus ''Haemulon'' was determined to be
paraphyletic
In taxonomy (general), taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's most recent common ancestor, last common ancestor and most of its descendants, excluding a few Monophyly, monophyletic subgroups. The group is said to be pa ...
in molecular studies which showed ''
Haemulon chrysargyreum
''Haemulon chrysargyreum'', the smallmouth grunt, bronze grunt, or yellowstripe grunt, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grunt belonging to the family Haemulidae. It is found in the western Atlantic Ocean.
Description
''H. chrysargyreum ...
'' clustered with ''Xenistius californianus''. The genus ''
Brachygenys
''Brachygenys'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fish, grunts belonging to the family Haemulidae. The species within the genus are found in the eastern Pacific Ocean and western Atlantic Ocean. It is not yet recognised by Fishbase but is by the Ca ...
'' which had been created by
Felipe Poey
Felipe Poey (May 26, 1799 – January 28, 1891) was a Cuban zoologist.
Biography
Poey was born in Havana, the son of French and Spanish parents. He spent several years (1804 to 1807) of his life in Pau then studied law in Madrid. He became a ...
in 1868 was revived to include these species and ensure the
monophyly
In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic grou ...
of ''Haemulon''. The genus also includes the other species in ''Xenistius'' and ''
Xenocys
''Xenocys jessiae'', the black-striped salema, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grunt belonging to the family Haemulidae. It is endemic to the eastern Pacific Ocean.
Description
''Xenocys jessiae'' has a relatively slender, elongated b ...
''. These changes are recognised by ''
Catalog of Fishes
Catalog of Fishes is a comprehensive on-line database and reference work on the scientific names of fish species and genera. It is global in its scope and is hosted by the California Academy of Sciences. It has been compiled and is continuously up ...
'', making ''Xenistius'' a
synonym
A synonym is a word, morpheme, or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word, morpheme, or phrase in a given language. For example, in the English language, the words ''begin'', ''start'', ''commence'', and ''initiate'' are all ...
of ''Brachygenys'', but not yet by
Fishbase
FishBase is a global species database of fish species (specifically finfish). It is the largest and most extensively accessed online database on adult finfish on the web.