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Xiyunykus
''Xiyunykus'' (meaning "western claw"; "xiyu" is Mandarin for "west" and refers to Western China where it was found) is an alvarezsaur from the Early Cretaceous of the Tugulu Group of China. It includes one species, ''Xiyunykus pengi''. Paleoecology Dinosaurs contemporaneous with ''Xiyunykus'' in the Tugulu Group of Xinjiang include the stegosaur ''Wuerhosaurus'', the coeval alvarezsaur ''Tugulusaurus'', the carcharodontosaurid '' Kelmayisaurus'', the dubious maniraptoran ''Phaedrolosaurus'', the problematic coelurosaur ''Xinjiangovenator'', and the ceratopsian '' Psittacosaurus xinjiangensis''. Evolutionary significance ''Xiyunykus'', along with ''Bannykus'', fills a 70-million year gap in alvarezsaur evolution by exhibiting cranial and postcranial morphologies intermediate between the typical theropod forelimb of ''Haplocheirus ''Haplocheirus'' is a genus of theropod dinosaur. Upon its description, it was considered the oldest alvarezsauroid, predating all other member ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tugulu Group
The Tugulu Group () is a geological Group in Xinjiang, China whose strata date back to the Early Cretaceous The Early Cretaceous ( geochronological name) or the Lower Cretaceous (chronostratigraphic name), is the earlier or lower of the two major divisions of the Cretaceous. It is usually considered to stretch from 145 Ma to 100.5 Ma. Geology Pro .... Dinosaur skeletal remains and footprints are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Early Cretaceous, Asia)." In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 563-570. . Vertebrate paleofauna Dinosaurs Pterosaurs Pseudosuchians Fish References Bibliography * Geologic groups of Asia Geologic formations of China Lower Cretaceous Series of Asia Cretaceous China Paleontology in Xinjiang {{PRChina-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alvarezsaur
Alvarezsauroidea is a group of small maniraptoran dinosaurs. Alvarezsauroidea, Alvarezsauridae, and Alvarezsauria are named for the historian Gregorio Álvarez, not the more familiar physicist Luis Alvarez, or his son geologist Walter Alvarez who jointly proposed that the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event was caused by an impact event. The group was first formally proposed by Choiniere and colleagues in 2010, to contain the family Alvarezsauridae and non-alvarezsaurid alvarezsauroids, such as ''Haplocheirus'',Choiniere, J.N., Xu, X., Clark, J.M., Forster, C.A., Guo, Y. and Han, F. (2010). "A basal alvarezsauroid theropod from the early Late Jurassic of Xinjiang, China." ''Science'', 327: 571-574. which is the basalmost of the Alvarezsauroidea (from the Late Jurassic, Asia). The discovery of ''Haplocheirus'' extended the stratigraphic evidence for the group Alvarezsauroidea about 63 million years further in the past. The division of Alvarezsauroidea into the Alvarezsaurida ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alvarezsaurs
Alvarezsauroidea is a group of small maniraptoran dinosaurs. Alvarezsauroidea, Alvarezsauridae, and Alvarezsauria are named for the historian Gregorio Álvarez (historian), Gregorio Álvarez, not the more familiar physicist Luis Walter Alvarez, Luis Alvarez, or his son geologist Walter Alvarez who jointly proposed that the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event was caused by an impact event. The group was first formally proposed by Choiniere and colleagues in 2010, to contain the family Alvarezsauridae and non-alvarezsaurid alvarezsauroids, such as ''Haplocheirus'',Choiniere, J.N., Xu, X., Clark, J.M., Forster, C.A., Guo, Y. and Han, F. (2010). "A basal alvarezsauroid theropod from the early Late Jurassic of Xinjiang, China." ''Science'', 327: 571-574. which is the basalmost of the Alvarezsauroidea (from the Late Jurassic, Asia). The discovery of ''Haplocheirus'' extended the stratigraphic evidence for the group Alvarezsauroidea about 63 million years further in the past. The di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tugulusaurus
''Tugulusaurus'' (meaning "Tugulu lizard") is a genus of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur that belongs to the Alvarezsauroidea. It is known from the Early Cretaceous Tugulu Group in the Urhe area of the People's Republic of China. It was one of the first members of Alvarezsauria ever discovered. Discovery From 1964 dinosaur fossils were excavated in the Junggar Basin of Xinjiang. In 1973 a number of these were described by paleontologist Dong Zhiming, among them the bones of a small theropod which he named ''Tugulusaurus faciles''. The generic name refers to the Tugulu Group. The specific name is derived from Latin ''facilis'', here with the meaning of "easily moving", referring to the agility of the animal as indicated by its "delicate bones". The holotype, IVPP V4025, was found in layers of the Lianmuqin Formation dating from the Barremian–Albian. It consists of a partial skeleton including four partial tail vertebrae, much of the left leg and part of the right, the first fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bannykus
''Bannykus'' is an alvarezsaur from the Early Cretaceous of the Bayin-Gobi Formation of Inner Mongolia, China. It includes one species, ''Bannykus wulatensis''. It is large for an alvarezsaur, with an estimated weight of 24 kg based on femoral circumference. Discovery The holotype of ''Bannykus wulatensis'' is IVPP V25026, a partially-articulated incomplete skeleton. The holotype comes from the Bayin-Gobi Formation in Chaoge, Wulatehouqi, Inner Mongolia, China. It was discovered in 2009 and in 2012, its remains were displayed in Japan under the unofficial name "Wulatesaurus". It was given the binomial name ''Bannykus wulatensis'' in 2018; its generic name comes from the Mandarin word ''Ban'' (), meaning half, and the Greek word , meaning claw. This refers to the transitional characteristics seen in this theropod. The specific name refers to Wulatehouqi (Wulate Rear Banner), the county that the holotype was found in. Classification ''Bannykus'', along with '' Xiyunykus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Early Cretaceous
The Early Cretaceous ( geochronological name) or the Lower Cretaceous (chronostratigraphic name), is the earlier or lower of the two major divisions of the Cretaceous. It is usually considered to stretch from 145 Ma to 100.5 Ma. Geology Proposals for the exact age of the Barremian-Aptian boundary ranged from 126 to 117 Ma until recently (as of 2019), but based on drillholes in Svalbard the defining early Aptian Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a (OAE1a) was carbon isotope dated to 123.1±0.3 Ma, limiting the possible range for the boundary to c. 122–121 Ma. There is a possible link between this anoxic event and a series of Early Cretaceous large igneous provinces (LIP). The Ontong Java-Manihiki-Hikurangi large igneous province, emplaced in the South Pacific at c. 120 Ma, is by far the largest LIP in Earth's history. The Ontong Java Plateau today covers an area of 1,860,000 km2. In the Indian Ocean another LIP began to form at c. 120 Ma, the Kerguelen P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2018 In Paleontology
Flora Plants Fungi Cnidarians Research * New three dimensionally phosphatized microfossils of coronate scyphozoan '' Qinscyphus necopinus'', including a new type of fossil embryo, are described from the Cambrian (Fortunian) Kuanchuanpu Formation (China) by Shao ''et al.'' (2018), who interpret their findings as indicating that ''Qinscyphus'' underwent direct development. * A study on the morphology of the conulariid species '' Carinachites spinatus'' based on a new specimen collected from the lower Cambrian Kuanchuanpu Formation (China) is published by Han ''et al.'' (2018). * Revision of stony corals from the Lower Cretaceous (Berriasian) Oehrli Formation (Austria and Switzerland) is published by Baron-Szabo (2018), who compares this fauna with five additional Berriasian coral faunas. New taxa Arthropods Bryozoans New taxa Brachiopods Research * Studies on the ontogenetic development of early acrotretoid brachiopods based on well preserved specimens of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandarin Chinese
Mandarin (; ) is a group of Chinese (Sinitic) dialects that are natively spoken across most of northern and southwestern China. The group includes the Beijing dialect, the basis of the phonology of Standard Chinese, the official language of China. Because Mandarin originated in North China and most Mandarin dialects are found in the north, the group is sometimes referred to as Northern Chinese (). Many varieties of Mandarin, such as those of the Southwest (including Sichuanese) and the Lower Yangtze, are not mutually intelligible with the standard language (or are only partially intelligible). Nevertheless, Mandarin as a group is often placed first in lists of languages by number of native speakers (with nearly one billion). Mandarin is by far the largest of the seven or ten Chinese dialect groups; it is spoken by 70 percent of all Chinese speakers over a large geographical area that stretches from Yunnan in the southwest to Xinjiang in the northwest and Heilongjiang in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land, the most of any country in the world, tied with Russia. Covering an area of approximately , it is the world's third largest country by total land area. The country consists of 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two Special Administrative Regions (Hong Kong and Macau). The national capital is Beijing, and the most populous city and financial center is Shanghai. Modern Chinese trace their origins to a cradle of civilization in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. The semi-legendary Xia dynasty in the 21st century BCE and the well-attested Shang and Zhou dynasties developed a bureaucratic political system to serve hereditary monarchies, or dyna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wuerhosaurus
''Wuerhosaurus'' is a genus of stegosaurid dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous Period of western China and Inner Mongolia. As such, it was one of the last genera of stegosaurians known to have existed, since most others lived in the late Jurassic. Discovery and species ''Wuerhosaurus homheni'' is the type species, described by Dong Zhiming in 1973 from the Tugulu Group in Xinjiang, western China. The generic name is derived from the city of Wuerho. Three separate localities in the Wuerho Valley were discovered to contain material from the new stegosaur: , 64043 and 64045. The remains consisted of the holotype, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) V.4006, a skull-less fragmentary skeleton, and the paratype IVPP V.4007. Holotype material includes a mostly complete pelvis and sacrum lacking the ischium, the first caudal vertebrae, two dorsal vertebrae, a scapulocoracoid, humerus and phalanx, as well as two dermal plates. Three posterior caudal vertebrae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kelmayisaurus
''Kelmayisaurus'' (meaning "Karamay lizard") is an extinct genus of carcharodontosaurid theropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous. It was roughly 10–12 meters (33–39 feet) long and its name refers to the petroleum-producing city of Karamay in the Xinjiang province of western China near where it was found. Discovery and species ''Kelmayisaurus'' is known from the holotype and only specimen IVPP V 4022. It consists of a complete left dentary with teeth and partial left maxilla. The specimen was found in the Lianmuqin Formation of the Tugulu Group, dating to the Valanginian-Albian stages between 140 and 100 million years ago. The discovery locality is near Wuerho in the Junggar Basin. It was first named and described by Chinese paleontologist Dong Zhiming in 1973 and the type species is ''Kelmayisaurus petrolicus''. A supposed second species, ''K.'' "gigantus", was mentioned in a popular book as being a 21-meter (69 foot) long vertebral column from the Middle Jurass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phaedrolosaurus
''Phaedrolosaurus'' is a genus of theropod dinosaur, based on a single tooth possibly from the Valanginian-Albian-age Lower Cretaceous Lianmugin Formation of Wuerho, Xinjiang, China. Discovery and naming The first known remains of ''Phaedrolosaurus'' were discovered in China during an Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) expedition to China's Wuerho area in 1964. The tooth, IVPP V , was in 1973 described and named by Dong Zhiming as a new genus and species. The type species is ''Phaedrolosaurus ilikensis''. The generic name is derived from the Greek φαιδρός, ''phaidros'', "elated", referring to the agility of the animal. The specific name refers to the Ilike Formation. Dong stated the thirty-one millimetre long tooth was like those of ''Deinonychus'', albeit thicker, shorter, and more solid. He regarded the new genus as a possible dromaeosaurid.Z.-M. Dong. (1973). inosaurs from Wuerho ''Memoirs of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
