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Widjojo Nitisastro
Widjojo Nitisastro (23 September 1927 – 9 March 2012) was an Indonesian economist, who was known as the main architect of the Indonesian economy during the New Order regime of president Suharto, serving as Minister for National Development (1971–1983) and Coordinating Minister for Economy, Finance and Industry (1973–1983). He was one of Indonesia's best-known and most respected economic policy-makers, both within Indonesia and overseas. He joined the Indonesian Student Army during the Indonesian National Revolution and fought in Surabaya. After the end of the revolution, he taught at a junior high school, before, attending and later graduating from the University of Indonesia. He would go on to become professor at the university. In the late 1960s, after the fall of president Sukarno, he became one of Indonesia's most important economic policy-makers under the New Order regime of president Suharto. He was generally considered to be the foremost member of the well-known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malang
Malang (; ) is a landlocked List of regencies and cities of Indonesia, city in the Indonesian Provinces of Indonesia, province of East Java. It has a history dating back to the age of Singhasari, Singhasari Kingdom. It is the second most populous city in the province, with a population of 820,043 at the 2010 Census and 843,810 at the 2020 Census.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. Its surrounding (the Greater Malang, metropolitan area) is home to 3,663,691 inhabitants in 2010, spread across two cities and 22 districts (21 in Malang Regency and one in Pasuruan Regency). Malang is the List of Indonesian cities by GDP, third largest city by economy in East Java, after Surabaya and Kediri (city), Kediri, with an estimated 2016 GDP at Indonesian rupiah, Rp. 44.30 trillion. The city is well known for its mild climate. During Dutch colonization, it was a popular destination for European residents. Even now, Malang still holds its position as a popular destination for international t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Surabaya
The Battle of Surabaya was fought between regular infantry and militia of the Indonesian nationalist movement and British and British Indian troops as a part of the Indonesian National Revolution against the re-imposition of Dutch colonial rule. The peak of the battle was in November 1945. The battle was the largest single battle of the revolution and became a national symbol of Indonesian resistance. Considered a heroic effort by Indonesians, the battle helped galvanise Indonesian and international support for Indonesian independence. 10 November is celebrated annually as Heroes' Day (). By the time the Allied forces arrived at the end of October 1945, the ''Pemuda'' ("youth") foothold in Surabaya City was described as "a strong unified fortress". Fighting broke out on 30 October after the British commander, Brigadier A. W. S. Mallaby was killed in a skirmish. The British retaliated with a co-ordinated sweep that began on 10 November, under the cover of air attacks. Althou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foreword
A foreword is a (usually short) piece of writing, sometimes placed at the beginning of a book or other piece of literature. Typically written by someone other than the primary author of the work, it often tells of some interaction between the writer of the foreword and the book's primary author or the story the book tells. Later editions of a book sometimes have a new foreword prepended (appearing before an older foreword if there was one), which might explain in what respects that edition differs from previous ones. When written by the author, the foreword may cover the story of how the book came into being or how the idea for the book was developed, and may include thanks and acknowledgments to people who were helpful to the author during the time of writing. Unlike a preface, a foreword is always signed. Information essential to the main text is generally placed in a set of explanatory notes, or perhaps in an introduction, rather than in the foreword or like preface. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nathan Keyfitz
Nathan Keyfitz FRSC FRSS (June 29, 1913 – April 6, 2010) was a Canadian demographer, a pioneer of mathematical demography...... Professional career Keyfitz studied at McGill University, graduating with a B.S. in mathematics in 1934. He worked for the Dominion Bureau of Statistics in Canada from 1936 to 1959, meanwhile earning a Ph.D. in sociology from the University of Chicago in 1952. In 1959, he took a professorship at the University of Toronto; he moved from there to the University of Chicago and the University of California, Berkeley before joining the faculty of Harvard University as Andelot Professor of Sociology in 1972. From 1978 to 1980 he served as Director of thHarvard Center for Population and Development Studies He retired from Harvard in 1981, only to take another faculty position at Ohio State University and then to direct the Population Program at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis in Austria from 1983 to 1993. He also consulted frequently ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demography
Demography () is the statistics, statistical study of populations, especially human beings. Demographic analysis examines and measures the dimensions and Population dynamics, dynamics of populations; it can cover whole societies or groups defined by criteria such as education, nationality, religion, and ethnicity. Educational institutions usually treat demography as a field of sociology, though there are a number of independent demography departments. These methods have primarily been developed to study human populations, but are extended to a variety of areas where researchers want to know how populations of Social actions, social actors can change across time through processes of birth, death, and Human migration, migration. In the context of human biological populations, demographic analysis uses Public records, administrative records to develop an independent Approximation, estimate of the population. Demographic analysis estimates are often considered a reliable stan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Faculty Of Economics
A faculty is a division within a university or college comprising one subject area or a group of related subject areas, possibly also delimited by level (e.g. undergraduate). In American usage such divisions are generally referred to as colleges (e.g., "college of arts and sciences") or schools (e.g., "school of business"), but may also mix terminology (e.g., Harvard University has a "faculty of arts and sciences" but a "law school"). History The medieval University of Bologna, which served as a model for most of the later medieval universities in Europe, had four faculties: students began at the Faculty of Arts, graduates from which could then continue at the higher Faculties of Theology, Law, and Medicine. The privilege to establish these four faculties was usually part of medieval universities’ charters, but not every university could do so in practice. The ''Faculty of Arts'' took its name from the seven liberal arts: the triviumThe three of the humanities (grammar, rhetor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Indonesia Party
The Great Indonesia Party ( id, Partai Indonesia Raya, Parindra) was the name used by two Indonesian political parties. Pre-war party The first Parindra was established in December 1935 as a result of a merger between the Budi Utomo political society and the Indonesian National Union (''Perserikatan Bangsa Indonesia'') with the aim of working with the Dutch to secure Indonesian independence. It was led by Raden Soetomo, Mohammad Husni Thamrin, Susanto Tirtoprodjo, Sukarjo Wiryopranoto and Woerjaningrat, and became the most influential Indonesian grouping in the Volksraad, the notionally legislative body established by the Dutch. In the 1935 election, it won two seats in the body, with a further party member appointed directly. In 1939, four of its members were elected, and none appointed. In May 1939, Thamrin was the main driving force behind the merger of Parindra and seven other nationalist organizations into the Federation of Indonesian Political Parties (''Gaboengan Po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surabaya
Surabaya ( jv, ꦱꦸꦫꦧꦪ or jv, ꦯꦹꦫꦨꦪ; ; ) is the capital city of the Provinces of Indonesia, Indonesian province of East Java and the List of Indonesian cities by population, second-largest city in Indonesia, after Jakarta. Located on the northeastern border of Java island, on the Madura Strait, it is one of the earliest port cities in Southeast Asia. According to the Government of Indonesia, National Development Planning Agency, Surabaya is one of the Regions of Indonesia#Development regions, four main central cities of Indonesia, alongside Jakarta, Medan, and Makassar. The city has a population of 2.87 million within its city limits at the 2020 census and 9.5 million in the extended Surabaya metropolitan area, making it the List of metropolitan areas in Indonesia, second-largest metropolitan area in Indonesia. The city was settled in the 10th century by the Janggala, Kingdom of Janggala, one of the two Javanese kingdoms that was formed in 1045 when ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea. Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state and the 14th-largest country by area, at . With over 275 million people, Indonesia is the world's fourth-most populous country and the most populous Muslim-majority country. Java, the world's most populous island, is home to more than half of the country's population. Indonesia is a presidential republic with an elected legislature. It has 38 provinces, of which nine have special status. The country's capital, Jakarta, is the world's second-most populous urban area. Indonesia shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor, and the eastern part of Malaysia, as well as maritime borders with Singapore, Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines, Australia, Palau, and India ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Subroto (politician)
Subroto (19 September 1923 – 20 December 2022) was an Indonesian administrator and economist. He was a doctoral graduate and faculty member of University of Indonesia between 1956 and 1963, Minister of Energy and Natural Resources between 1978 and 1988, and Secretary General of OPEC between 1988 and 1994. Like many Indonesians, Subroto is known by just a single name. Subroto died on 20 December 2022, at the age of 99. See also *Politics of Indonesia The politics of Indonesia take place in the framework of a presidential representative democratic republic whereby the President of Indonesia is both head of state and head of government and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exerci ... References Further readingProfile at TokohIndonesia.com(in Indonesian) *Benito Lopulalan,Subroto: Man of His Country' ''The Jakarta Globe'', 21 September 2011. 1923 births 2022 deaths Energy ministers Government ministers of Indonesia Indonesian economists Secretaries ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammad Sadli
Mohammad Sadli (10 June 1922 – 8 January 2008) was a leading Indonesian policy-maker and economist. Sadli, as he was widely known as, was born in Sumedang, West Java. He first studied in the Hollandsch-Inlandsche School (HIS) in Sumedang and Subang, and later moved to the Hogere Burger School (HBS) in Semarang in Central Java. He then (1952) took university studies in the Technical Faculty, Gadjah Mada University, in Yogyakarta. Between 1954 and 1956, Sadli worked towards his Master of Science in economics at MIT in the United States before proceeding to post-graduate studies in economics at the University of California, Berkeley in 1956. He returned to Indonesia in 1957 where he became Director of the Economics and Management Institute (LPEM) at the University of Indonesia. Career in government Sadli worked at the Indonesian Chamber of Commerce and Industry and was a key economic adviser in the New Order government. He was one of five prominent economic advisers who b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berkeley Mafia
The Berkeley Mafia was the term given to a group of American-educated economists in Indonesia who were given technocratic positions under the Suharto dictatorship during the late 1960s. They were appointed in the early stages of the New Order administration. Their work focused on promoting free-market capitalism in Indonesia and reversing many of the progressive economic reforms that had been introduced by the Sukarno government. The Berkeley Mafia, like the Suharto dictatorship itself, aligned with the United States during the Cold War. The group included Widjojo Nitisastro, Mohammad Sadli, Emil Salim, J. B. Sumarlin, and Ali Wardhana. Dorodjatun Kuntjoro-Jakti who graduated later from Berkeley is also sometimes included as a member of this group. Origins In the mid-1950s, the economists who would become the Berkeley Mafia were students at the Faculty of Economics at the University of Indonesia (FEUI). The faculty was headed by Sumitro Djojohadikusumo, an economist who h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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