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Vanguerieae
Vanguerieae is a tribe of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae and contains about 655 species in 30 genera. It is one of the most species-rich groups within the family and it is distributed across the Paleotropics. Description Several different life forms are present in the tribe: most species are shrubs, but geofructices (plants with woody rhizomes) (e.g. ''Fadogia homblei'', ''Pygmaeothamnus zeyheri''), small trees (e.g. ''Vangueria infausta''), and climbers (e.g. ''Keetia gueinzii'') also occur. As all Rubiaceae species, the leaves are opposite, simple and entire, and they have interpetiolar stipules. The phyllotaxis is decussate, sometimes conspicuously so (e.g. ''Canthium inerme''), and rarely whorled (e.g. ''Fadogia''). Some species have spines (e.g. ''Canthium''). Secondary pollen presentation is characteristic for the tribe and the species develop a conspicuous “stylar head”-complex, which is a structural unit consisting of a pollen presenting organ combined with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canthium Angustifolium 06
''Canthium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. They are shrubs and small trees. The leaves are deciduous and the stems are usually thorny. Distribution ''Canthium'' species are predominantly found in Southeast Asia, especially in Thailand and the Philippines. A small number of species is found in India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh. Only a limited number of species is found on the African continent, especially in Southern and East Africa. Taxonomy ''Canthium'' was named by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in 1785 in Encyclopédie Méthodique. The name is a latinisation of "kantankara", a Malayalam name from Kerala for ''Canthium coromandelicum''. ''Kantan'' means "shining" and ''kara'' means "a spiny shrub". The biological type for the genus consists of specimens originally described by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck as ''Canthium parviflorum''''Canthium'' In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile but this species is now included in ''Canthium coromandelicum''. ''Ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canthium
''Canthium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. They are shrubs and small trees. The leaves are deciduous and the stems are usually thorny. Distribution ''Canthium'' species are predominantly found in Southeast Asia, especially in Thailand and the Philippines. A small number of species is found in India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh. Only a limited number of species is found on the African continent, especially in Southern and East Africa. Taxonomy ''Canthium'' was named by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in 1785 in Encyclopédie Méthodique. The name is a latinisation of "kantankara", a Malayalam name from Kerala for ''Canthium coromandelicum''. ''Kantan'' means "shining" and ''kara'' means "a spiny shrub". The biological type for the genus consists of specimens originally described by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck as ''Canthium parviflorum''''Canthium'' In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile but this species is now included in ''Canthium coromandelicum''. '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubiaceae
The Rubiaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 13,500 species in about 620 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include ''Coffea'', the source of coffee, '' Cinchona'', the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine, ornamental cultivars (''e.g.'', '' Gardenia'', ''Ixora'', ''Pentas''), and historically some dye plants (''e.g.'', ''Rubia''). Description The Rubiaceae are morphologically easily recognizable as a coherent group by a combination of characters: opposite or whorled leaves that are simple and entire, interpetiolar stipules, tubu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fadogia
''Fadogia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genera ''Rytigynia'' and ''Fadogia'' form a strongly supported clade but neither of these genera is monophyletic. Distribution ''Fadogia'' is found in Tropical Africa. '' F. cienkowskii'' and '' F. tetraquetra'' have the largest distribution and occur from Guinea to the Transvaal province. '' F. ancylantha'' and '' F. erythrophloea'' are also found in many African countries, but they don't occur so far south. The countries with the highest number of species are Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Zambia, Tanzania, and Central African Republic. Bacterial leaf symbiosis Endophytic bacteria are housed in the intercellular space of the leaf mesophyll tissue. The presence of these bacteria can only be microscopically ascertained. The bacteria are identified as ''Burkholderia'', which is a genus that is also found in the leaves of other Rubiaceae species. The hypothesis is that these endophytic bacteria pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lagynias Dryadum (4459796572)
''Lagynias'' was a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae but is no longer recognized. In 2005, it was sunk into synonymy with ''Vangueria'', based on a phylogenetic study of DNA sequences. Species * '' Lagynias dryadum'' (S.Moore) Robyns * '' Lagynias lasiantha'' (Sond.) Bullock * '' Lagynias monteiroi'' (Oliv.) Bridson * '' Lagynias pallidiflora'' Bullock * '' Lagynias rufescens'' (E.A.Bruce) Verdc. See also * ''Cuviera ''Cuviera'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae native to tropical Africa. It was originally described by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in 1807 and is named after the French naturalist Georges Cuvier. Description The species fo ...'' References External links World Checklist of Rubiaceae Historically recognized Rubiaceae genera Flora of Africa Vanguerieae Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Ixoroideae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pygmaeothamnus Zeyheri
''Pygmaeothamnus'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It was described by Walter Robyns in 1928 and originally held four species. It is found in central and southern Africa. Species * ''Pygmaeothamnus zeyheri'' (Sond. Otto Wilhelm Sonder (18 June 1812, Bad Oldesloe – 21 November 1881) was a German botanist and pharmacist. Life A native of Holstein, Sonder studied at Kiel University, where he sat pharmaceutical examinations in 1835, before becoming the prop ...) Robyns References External links World Checklist of Rubiaceae {{Taxonbar, from=Q7263001 Rubiaceae genera Vanguerieae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vangueria
''Vangueria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus is named for , as '' V. madagascariensis'' is known in Malagasy. Distribution The genus contains over 50 species distributed in Africa south of the Sahara with one species occurring in Madagascar ('' V. madagascariensis''). The centre of diversity is in East Africa (Kenya, Tanzania) and they are rare in West Africa. Bacterial leaf symbiosis Endophytic bacteria are housed in the intercellular space of the leaf mesophyll tissue. The presence of these bacteria can only be microscopically ascertained. The bacteria are identified as ''Burkholderia'', which is a genus that is also found in the leaves of other Rubiaceae species. The hypothesis is that these endophytic bacteria provide chemical protection against insect herbivory. Gousiekte Several ''Vangueria'' species - '' V. latifolia'', '' V. pygmaea'', '' V. thamnus'' - are known to cause , a cardiotoxicosis of ruminants characterised by heart failure ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vangueria Infausta
''Vangueria infausta'', the medlar or African medlar, is a species of plant in the family Rubiaceae, which is native to the southern and eastern Afrotropics. Some other names for ''V. infausta'' in Southern African languages include mmilo in Northern Sotho, muzwilu in Venḓa, umviyo in Southern Ndebele, mothwani in Tswana and umtulwa in Zulu. The fruits are consumed by humans and have a pleasant apple-like flavor. The specific name ''infausta'' alludes to a superstition that an evil spirit lives within the tree and the misfortune from its use as firewood which is said to 'unlock' the evil spirit from the wood. Many indigenous african names for ''V. infausta'' come from the Prot-Bantu mìdìdò (plural "fires"). Description The trees are low-branching and mostly smallish but may reach 8 m in height. They have drooping branchlets and have pale greyish brown, flaky bark. The fairly large, dull leaves have entire margins and are somewhat variable in shape. They have an oppos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vine
A vine (Latin ''vīnea'' "grapevine", "vineyard", from ''vīnum'' "wine") is any plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent (that is, climbing) stems, lianas or runners. The word ''vine'' can also refer to such stems or runners themselves, for instance, when used in wicker work.Jackson; Benjamin; Daydon (1928). ''A Glossary of Botanic Terms with their Derivation and Accent'', 4th ed. London: Gerald Duckworth & Co. In parts of the world, including the British Isles, the term "vine" usually applies exclusively to grapevines (''Vitis''), while the term "climber" is used for all climbing plants. Growth forms Certain plants always grow as vines, while a few grow as vines only part of the time. For instance, poison ivy and bittersweet can grow as low shrubs when support is not available, but will become vines when support is available. A vine displays a growth form based on very long stems. This has two purposes. A vine may use rock exposures, other plants, or other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Keetia Gueinzii
''Keetia gueinzii'' is an evergreen scandent shrub in the family Rubiaceae. The species epitheton is named after Wilhelm Gueinzius, a German naturalist who collected plants in South Africa. It became the type species of ''Keetia'' after the original type species, ''Keetia transvaalensis'', was made a synonym. This species is found down the southern African east coast in Malawi, Zimbabwe, Mozambique and South Africa. Young branches are covered with rust-coloured hairs. Leaves measure 5.5–13.5 × 3.5–6 cm, more or less lanceolate to ovate, acuminate apex, rounded to cordate at the base, often bullate, and glabrous to pubescent beneath. Acarodomatia Acarodomatia (singular ''Acarodomatium'') (Latin: ''Acari'' - mites, ''domus'' - dwelling), are tussocks of hairs or nonglandular trichomes located in pits situated in major leaf vein axes of many plant species, occupied and caused by predatory and ... present in the axils of the veins. Petioles are covered with crisped or pat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canthium Coromandelicum
''Canthium coromandelicum'' is a bushy thorny Suffruticosa, suffruticose herb, a native of India found mainly in the Coromandel Coast, Coromandel region. Description ''Canthium coromandelicum'' is a shrub, usually with opposite horizontal Thorns, spines, and prickles, thorns a little above the Leaf axils, leaf. Sometimes the shrub is nearly unarmed. Leaves are ovate, smooth, and often Fascicle (botany), fascicled on young shoots. Short, few flowered racemes arise in leaf axils. Flowers are small and yellow with four stamens. Flowers are bearded in the throat. The tube is short, with four to five spreading petals. Anthers are inserted into the throat, scarcely protruding. The Style (botany), style protrudes out and the Stigma (botany), stigma is somewhat spherical. The fruits are obovate and furrowed on each side, with their color ranging from red to brown, with a dark pink being the prominent color when Ripening, ripe. The flowering season of the plant is from July to August. Im ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phyllotaxis
In botany, phyllotaxis () or phyllotaxy is the arrangement of leaf, leaves on a plant stem. Phyllotactic spirals form a distinctive class of patterns in nature. Leaf arrangement The basic leaf#Arrangement on the stem, arrangements of leaves on a stem are opposite and alternate (also known as spiral). Leaves may also be Whorl (botany), whorled if several leaves arise, or appear to arise, from the same level (at the same Node (botany), node) on a stem. With an opposite leaf arrangement, two leaves arise from the stem at the same level (at the same Node (botany), node), on opposite sides of the stem. An opposite leaf pair can be thought of as a whorl of two leaves. With an alternate (spiral) pattern, each leaf arises at a different point (node) on the stem. Distichous phyllotaxis, also called "two-ranked leaf arrangement" is a special case of either opposite or alternate leaf arrangement where the leaves on a stem are arranged in two vertical columns on opposite sides of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
