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Viscaceae
Viscaceae is a taxonomic family name of flowering plants. In this circumscription, the family includes the several genera of mistletoes. This family name is currently being studied and under review as in past decades, several systems of plant taxonomy recognized this family, notably the 1981 Cronquist system. However, the APG II system of 2003 does not recognize the family, treating it as a synonym of Santalaceae. This did not end the taxonomic debate among botanists and there are many that still think Viscaceae should be an accepted family name. According to the APG IV system Der and Nickrent (2008) found seven well supported clades in Santalaceae, but relationships between these clades are still poorly understood. The traditional and cultural uses of species within the Viscaceae merit further attention. Clades or genera treated as belonging to the currently debated family name Viscaceae include: *''Arceuthobium'' *''Dendrophthora'' *''Ginalloa'' *''Korthalsella'' *''Notothixos'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santalaceae
The Santalaceae, sandalwoods, are a widely distributed family of flowering plants (including small trees, shrubs, perennial herbs, and epiphytic climbersHewson & George t al.br>''Santalaceae'' taxonomy, 1984, pp. 191-194.) which, like other members of Santalales, are partially parasitic on other plants. Its flowers are bisexual or, by abortion ("flower drop"), unisexual.Pilger, R''Santalaceae''(with 17 figures). R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. (1810) 350, pp. 1-45. Modern treatments of the Santalaceae include the family Viscaceae (mistletoes), previously considered distinct. The APG II system of 2003 recognises the family and assigns it to the order Santalales in the clade core eudicots. However, the circumscription by APG is much wider than accepted by previous classifications, including the plants earlier treated in families Eremolepidaceae and Viscaceae. It includes about 1,000 species in 43 genera. Many have reported traditional and cultural uses, including as medicine. Genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phoradendron
''Phoradendron'' is a genus of mistletoe, native to warm temperate and tropical regions of the Americas. The center of diversity is the Amazon rainforest.Coder, K. DAmerican mistletoe (''Phoradendron serotinum'' var. ''serotinum'') infection in trees.WSFNR08-25. Tree Health Series. University of Georgia. 2008. ''Phoradendron'' is the largest genus of mistletoe in the Americas, and possibly the largest genus of mistletoes in the world. Traditionally, the genus has been placed in the family Viscaceae, but recent genetic research acknowledged by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group shows this family to be correctly placed within a larger circumscription of the sandalwood family, Santalaceae. They are woody hemi-parasitic shrubs with branches long, which grow on other trees. The foliage is dichotomously branching, with opposite pairs of leaves; these are fairly large, long, green and photosynthetic in some species (e.g. ''P. leucarpum''), but minimal in some others (e.g. ''P. c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mistletoe
Mistletoe is the common name for obligate hemiparasitic plants in the order Santalales. They are attached to their host tree or shrub by a structure called the haustorium, through which they extract water and nutrients from the host plant. The name mistletoe originally referred to the species ''Viscum album'' (European mistletoe, of the family Santalaceae in the order Santalales); it is the only species native to the British Isles and much of Europe. A related species with red rather than white fruits, ''Viscum cruciatum'', occurs in Southwest Spain and Southern Portugal, as well as in Morocco in North Africa and in southern Africa. The genus ''Viscum'' is not native to North America, but ''Viscum album'' was introduced to Northern California in 1900. The eastern mistletoe native to North America, ''Phoradendron leucarpum'', belongs to a distinct genus of the family Santalaceae. European mistletoe has smooth-edged, oval, evergreen leaves borne in pairs along the woody st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arceuthobium
The genus ''Arceuthobium'', commonly called dwarf mistletoes, is a genus of 26 species of parasitic plants that parasitize members of Pinaceae and Cupressaceae in North America, Central America, Asia, Europe, and Africa. Of the 42 species that have been recognized, 39 and 21 of these are endemic to North America and the United States, respectively. They all have very reduced shoots and leaves (mostly reduced to scales) with the bulk of the plant living under the host's bark. Recently the number of species within the genus has been reduced to 26 as a result of more detailed genetic analysis. Description They are dioecious, individual plants being either male or female. The fruit is unusual in that it builds up hydrostatic pressure internally when ripe and shoots the single sticky seed up to speeds nearly , an example of rapid plant movement. The lodgepole pine dwarf mistletoe,'' Arceuthobium americanum, has been found to explosively-disperse its seeds through thermogenesis. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Korthalsella
''Korthalsella'' (korthal mistletoe) is a genus of flowering plants in the sandalwood family, Santalaceae (sometimes/formerly considered to be in Viscaceae). It contains about 25 species distributed in Asia, Africa, Australia, New Zealand, and some Pacific Islands. Selected species *''Korthalsella arthroclada'' Cranfield (Australia) *''Korthalsella breviarticulata'' (Tiegh.) Danser (Australia) *''Korthalsella complanata'' (v. Tiegh.) Engl. - ''Kaumahana'' (Hawaii) *''Korthalsella cylindrica'' (v. Tiegh.) Engl. - Hawaii korthal mistletoe (Hawaii) *'' Korthalsella degeneri'' Danser - Degener's korthal mistletoe (Island of Oahu in Hawaii) *''Korthalsella disticha'' (Endl.) Engl. (Australia) *''Korthalsella emersa'' Barlow (Australia) *''Korthalsella grayi'' Barlow (Australia) *''Korthalsella japonica'' (Thunb.) Engl. (Australia) *''Korthalsella latissima'' (v. Tiegh.) Danser - Kauai korthal mistletoe (Hawaii) *''Korthalsella leucothrix'' Barlow (Australia) *''Korthalsella papuana ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viscum
''Viscum'' is a genus of about 70–100 species of mistletoes, native to temperate and tropical regions of Europe, Africa, Asia and Australasia. Traditionally, the genus has been placed in its own family Viscaceae, but recent genetic research by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group shows this family to be correctly placed within a larger circumscription of the sandalwood family, Santalaceae. Its name is the origin of the English word viscous, after the Latin ''viscum'', a sticky bird lime made from the plants' berries. They are woody, obligate hemiparasitic shrubs with branches long. Their hosts are woody shrubs and trees. The foliage is dichotomously or verticillately branching, with opposite pairs or whorls of green leaves which perform some photosynthesis (minimal in some species, notably ''V. nudum''), but with the plant drawing its mineral and water needs from the host tree. Different species of ''Viscum'' tend to use different host species; most species are able to use several d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cronquist System
The Cronquist system is a taxonomic classification system of flowering plants. It was developed by Arthur Cronquist in a series of monographs and texts, including ''The Evolution and Classification of Flowering Plants'' (1968; 2nd edition, 1988) and ''An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants'' (1981) (''see'' Bibliography). Cronquist's system places flowering plants into two broad classes, Magnoliopsida ( dicotyledons) and Liliopsida (monocotyledons). Within these classes, related orders are grouped into subclasses. While the scheme was widely used, in either the original form or in adapted versions, many botanists now use the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants, first developed in 1998. The system as laid out in Cronquist's ''An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants'' (1981) counts 64 orders and 321 families in class Magnoliopsida and 19 orders and 65 families in class Liliopsida. ''The Evo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ginalloa
''Ginalloa'' is a genus of parasitic mistletoes found in southern and south-eastern Asia. The various species are found in the Andaman Islands and Sri Lanka, the Philippines, Malaysia, the island of Borneo, the island of Java and Papua province in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, including the Bismarck Archipelago, Myanmar, Laos and Thailand. The genus belongs to the family Santalaceae (as this includes Viscaceae). ''Ginalloa arnottiana'', described by Pieter Willem Korthals in 1839, is the type-species. Selected species : list source : References External links * (Note: a link to a jpg image of the specimen can be found at the very bottom of the page) Santalaceae Parasitic plants Santalales genera {{Santalales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dendrophthora
''Dendrophthora'', the tree destroyers, is a genus of flowering plants in the sandalwood family Santalaceae, native to tropical and subtropical Latin America and the Caribbean. They are hemiparasitic mistletoes that grow on a wide variety of host plants. Species Currently accepted species include: *'' Dendrophthora albescens'' Urb. & Ekman *'' Dendrophthora amalfiensis'' Kuijt *'' Dendrophthora ambigua'' Kuijt *'' Dendrophthora arcuata'' C.Wright *'' Dendrophthora argentea'' Kuijt *'' Dendrophthora avenia'' (Trel.) Kuijt *'' Dendrophthora bermejae'' Kuijt, Carlo & Aukema *'' Dendrophthora bonaniae'' (Griseb.) Eichler *'' Dendrophthora brachylepis'' Urb. *'' Dendrophthora brachystachya'' Urb. *'' Dendrophthora bulbifera'' Kuijt *'' Dendrophthora buxifolia'' (Lam.) Eichler *'' Dendrophthora capillaris'' Kuijt *'' Dendrophthora capitellata'' Rizzini *'' Dendrophthora carnosa'' Urb. & Ekman *'' Dendrophthora chrysostachya'' (C.Presl) Urb. *'' Dendrophthora clavata'' (Benth.) Urb. *' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
APG IV System
The APG IV system of flowering plant classification is the fourth version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy for flowering plants (angiosperms) being developed by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG). It was published in 2016, seven years after its predecessor the APG III system was published in 2009, and 18 years after the first APG system was published in 1998. In 2009, a linear arrangement of the system was published separately; the APG IV paper includes such an arrangement, cross-referenced to the 2009 one. Compared to the APG III system, the APG IV system recognizes five new orders (Boraginales, Dilleniales, Icacinales, Metteniusales and Vahliales), along with some new families, making a total of 64 angiosperm orders and 416 families. In general, the authors describe their philosophy as "conservative", based on making changes from APG III only where "a well-supported need" has been demonstrated. This has sometimes resulted in placements that a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Notothixos
''Notothixos''Oliver D (1863) ''J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot.'' 7: 103 864 publ. 1863/ref> is a genus of mistletoe plant in the family Santalaceae. Species The Catalogue of Life The Catalogue of Life is an online database that provides an index of known species of animals, plants, fungi, and microorganisms. It was created in 2001 as a partnership between the global Species 2000 and the American Integrated Taxonomic I ... lists: * '' Notothixos cornifolius'' * '' Notothixos floccosus'' * '' Notothixos incanus'' * '' Notothixos leiophyllus'' * '' Notothixos malayanus'' * '' Notothixos papuanus'' * '' Notothixos subaureus'' * '' Notothixos sulphureus'' References External links * * {{Taxonbar, from=Q5198745 Santalaceae Flora of Sri Lanka Flora of Indo-China Flora of Malesia Flora of Australia Santalales genera Taxa named by Daniel Oliver ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxonomy (general)
Taxonomy is the practice and science of categorization or classification. A taxonomy (or taxonomical classification) is a scheme of classification, especially a hierarchical classification, in which things are organized into groups or types. Among other things, a taxonomy can be used to organize and index knowledge (stored as documents, articles, videos, etc.), such as in the form of a library classification system, or a search engine taxonomy, so that users can more easily find the information they are searching for. Many taxonomies are hierarchies (and thus, have an intrinsic tree structure), but not all are. Originally, taxonomy referred only to the categorisation of organisms or a particular categorisation of organisms. In a wider, more general sense, it may refer to a categorisation of things or concepts, as well as to the principles underlying such a categorisation. Taxonomy organizes taxonomic units known as "taxa" (singular "taxon")." Taxonomy is different from me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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