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Urzhum, Urzhumsky District, Kirov Oblast
Urzhum (russian: Уржу́м; chm, Вӱрзым, ''Vürzym'' or , ''Üržüm'') is a town and the administrative center of Urzhumsky District in Kirov Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Urzhumka River about from its confluence with the Vyatka River. Population: History It was first mentioned in 1554 as a Mari town. The town was named after the river, although the name has no reliable etymology.Е. М. Поспелов. "Географические названия мира". (Москва: Русские словари, 1998), p. 433. In 1584, Urzhum was refounded as a Russian fortress with the aim of keeping down Mari and Tatar revolts. Town status was granted to it in 1796. Administrative and municipal status Within the framework of administrative divisions, Urzhum serves as the administrative center of Urzhumsky District.Law #203-ZO As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Urzhumsky District as the Town of Urzhum. As a municipal di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kirov Oblast
Kirov Oblast (russian: Ки́ровская о́бласть, ''Kirovskaya oblast'') is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is the city of Kirov. Population: 1,341,312 ( 2010 Census). Geography Natural resources The basis of the natural resources are forest (mostly conifers), phosphate rock, peat, furs, water and land resources. There are widespread deposits of peat and non-metallic minerals: limestone, marl, clay, sand and gravel, as well as the extremely rare mineral volkonskoite. In recent decades, in the east of the area revealed a minor recoverable oil reserves and deposits of bentonite clays. In the area is the largest in Europe Vyatsko-Kama deposit of phosphate rock. The area is rich in mineral springs and therapeutic mud. On the territory of Kumyonsky District is famous resort town of federal significance Nizhneivkino, which on treatment and rest come to residents of the Kirov region and many regions of Russia. Hydrogra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mari People
The Mari ( chm, мари; russian: марийцы, mariytsy) are a Finnic people, who have traditionally lived along the Volga and Kama rivers in Russia. Almost half of Maris today live in the Mari El republic, with significant populations in the Bashkortostan and Tatarstan republics. In the past, the Mari have also been known as the Cheremisa or the Cheremis people in Russian and the Çirmeş in Tatar. Name The ethnic name ''mari'' derives from the Proto-Indo-Iranian root *''márya''-, meaning 'human', literally 'mortal, one who has to die', which indicates early contacts between Finno-Ugric and Indo-Iranian languages. History Early history Some scholars have proposed that two tribes mentioned by the Gothic writer Jordanes in his ''Getica'' among the peoples in the realm of Gothic king Ermanaric in the fourth century CE can be equated with the Mari people. However, the identification of the ''Imniscaris'' (or ''Sremniscans'') with "Cheremis", and ''Merens'' with "Mari" i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolay Zabolotsky
Nikolay Alekseyevich Zabolotsky (russian: Никола́й Алексе́евич Заболо́цкий; May 7, 1903 – October 14, 1958) was a Soviet and Russian poet and translator. He was a Modernist and one of the founders of the Russian avant-garde absurdist group Oberiu. Life and work Nikolay Alekseyevich Zabolotsky was born on May 7, 1903 in Kizicheskaya sloboda (now part of the city of Kazan). His early life was spent in the towns of Sernur (now in the Republic of Mari El) and Urzhum (now in the Kirov Oblast). In 1920, Zabolotsky left his family and moved to Moscow, enrolling simultaneously in the departments of medicine and philology at the Moscow State University. A year later, he moved to Petrograd (now Saint Petersburg) and enrolled in the Pedagogical Institute of Leningrad State Pedagogical Institute. Zabolotsky had already begun to write poetry at this time. His formative period showed the influences of the Futurist works of Vladimir Mayakovsky and Velimir Khl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergey Kirov
Sergei Mironovich Kirov (né Kostrikov; 27 March 1886 – 1 December 1934) was a Soviet politician and Bolshevik revolutionary whose assassination led to the first Great Purge. Kirov was an early revolutionary in the Russian Empire and member of the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. Kirov became an Old Bolshevik and personal friend to Joseph Stalin, rising through the Communist Party of the Soviet Union ranks to become head of the party in Leningrad and a member of the Politburo. On 1 December 1934, Kirov was shot and killed by Leonid Nikolaev at his offices in the Smolny Institute for unknown reasons; Nikolaev and several suspected accomplices were convicted in a show trial and executed less than 30 days later. Kirov's death was later used as a pretext for Stalin's escalation of political repression in the Soviet Union and the events of the Great Purge, with complicity as a common charge for the condemned in the Moscow Trials. Kirov's assassina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Subdivisions Of Russia
Russia is divided into several types and levels of subdivisions. Federal subjects Since 30 September 2022, the Russian Federation has consisted of eighty-nine federal subjects that are constituent members of the Federation.Constitution, Article 65 However, six of these federal subjects—the Republic of Crimea, the Donetsk People's Republic, the Russian occupation of Kherson Oblast, Kherson Oblast, the Luhansk People's Republic, Lugansk People's Republic, the federal cities of Russia, federal city of Sevastopol and the Russian occupation of Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Zaporozhye Oblast—are internationally recognized as part of Ukraine. All federal subjects are of equal federal rights in the sense that they have equal representation—two delegates each—in the Federation Council of Russia, Federation Council (upper house of the Federal Assembly of Russia, Federal Assembly). They do, however, differ in the degree of autonomous area, autonomy they enjoy. De jure, there are 6&n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tatars
The Tatars ()Tatar in the Collins English Dictionary is an umbrella term for different Turkic ethnic groups bearing the name "Tatar". Initially, the ethnonym ''Tatar'' possibly referred to the . That confederation was eventually incorporated into the when unified the various steppe tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fortification
A fortification is a military construction or building designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is also used to establish rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from Latin ''fortis'' ("strong") and ''facere'' ("to make"). From very early history to modern times, defensive walls have often been necessary for cities to survive in an ever-changing world of invasion and conquest. Some settlements in the Indus Valley civilization were the first small cities to be fortified. In ancient Greece, large stone walls had been built in Mycenaean Greece, such as the ancient site of Mycenae (famous for the huge stone blocks of its 'cyclopean' walls). A Greek '' phrourion'' was a fortified collection of buildings used as a military garrison, and is the equivalent of the Roman castellum or English fortress. These constructions mainly served the purpose of a watch tower, to guard certain roads, passes, and borders. Though smaller than a real fortress, they act ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Etymology
Etymology ()The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998) – p. 633 "Etymology /ˌɛtɪˈmɒlədʒi/ the study of the class in words and the way their meanings have changed throughout time". is the study of the history of the Phonological change, form of words and, by extension, the origin and evolution of their semantic meaning across time. It is a subfield of historical linguistics, and draws upon comparative semantics, Morphology_(linguistics), morphology, semiotics, and phonetics. For languages with a long recorded history, written history, etymologists make use of texts, and texts about the language, to gather knowledge about how words were used during earlier periods, how they developed in Semantics, meaning and Phonological change, form, or when and how they Loanword, entered the language. Etymologists also apply the methods of comparative linguistics to reconstruct information about forms that are too old for any direct information to be available. By analyzing related ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vyatka River
The Vyatka (; rus, Вя́тка, p=ˈvʲatkə; tt-Cyrl, Нократ, translit=Noqrat; chm, Виче, Viče; udm, Ватка, Vatka) is a river in Kirov Oblast and the Republic of Tatarstan in Russia, a right tributary of the Kama. It is long, and its covers .«Река Вятка» Russian State Water Registry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urzhumsky District
Urzhumsky District (russian: Уржумский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #203-ZO and municipalLaw #284-ZO district (raion), one of the thirty-nine in Kirov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the town of Urzhum Urzhum (russian: Уржум) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia. ;Urban localities * Urzhum, Urzhumsky District, Kirov Oblast, a town in Urzhumsky District of Kirov Oblast; ;Rural localities * Urzhum, Altai Krai, a '' selo'' .... Population: 33,959 ( 2002 Census); The population of Urzhum accounts for 37.7% of the district's total population. References Notes Sources * * {{Use mdy dates, date=September 2012 Districts of Kirov Oblast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Confluence
In geography, a confluence (also: ''conflux'') occurs where two or more flowing bodies of water join to form a single channel. A confluence can occur in several configurations: at the point where a tributary joins a larger river (main stem); or where two streams meet to become the source of a river of a new name (such as the confluence of the Monongahela and Allegheny rivers at Pittsburgh, forming the Ohio); or where two separated channels of a river (forming a river island) rejoin at the downstream end. Scientific study of confluences Confluences are studied in a variety of sciences. Hydrology studies the characteristic flow patterns of confluences and how they give rise to patterns of erosion, bars, and scour pools. The water flows and their consequences are often studied with mathematical models. Confluences are relevant to the distribution of living organisms (i.e., ecology) as well; "the general pattern ownstream of confluencesof increasing stream flow and decreasing s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urzhumka River
The Urzhumka (russian: Уржумка) is a river in Mari-Tureksky District of the Republic of Mari El and in Urzhumsky District of Kirov Oblast in Russia. It is a right tributary of the Vyatka. It is long, and the area of its basin . Its main tributaries are the Shoba (93 km), Shumba (87 km), Nolya (69 km), Ashlanka (65 km), Pilinka (52 km), Ashlanka (33 km), Masarinka (87 km), and the Ireka (63 km). The town of Urzhum is located on the left bank of the Urzhumka, about from its mouth. The source of the Urzhumka is in the woods in the western part of Mari-Tureksky District. The river flows east and in the selo of Bolshoye Oparino turns northeast. The Ireka, a right tributary of the Urzhumka, in the lower course marks the border between Mari El and Kirov Oblast. In Kirov Oblast, the Urzhumka gradually turns north, accepts the Ashlanka from the left, and turns east. In the selo of Shevnino it turns north, passes through the town of Urzhum, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
