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Treny
The ''Laments'' (also ''Lamentations'' or '' Threnodies''; pl, Treny, originally spelled ''Threny'') are a series of nineteen threnodies (elegies) by Jan Kochanowski. Written in Polish and published in 1580, they are a highlight of Polish Renaissance literature, and one of Kochanowski's signature achievements.Poet's Corner: "Jan Kochanowski's ''Threnodies''
", in '''', no. 43 (470) (October 26, 1997). Includes ''Threnody V''.
"Jan KOCHANOWSKI
, by Prof. Edmund Kotarski, in the ''Virtual Library of Polish Literature''.

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Treny Normal
The ''Laments'' (also ''Lamentations'' or '' Threnodies''; pl, Treny, originally spelled ''Threny'') are a series of nineteen threnodies (elegies) by Jan Kochanowski. Written in Polish and published in 1580, they are a highlight of Polish Renaissance literature, and one of Kochanowski's signature achievements.Poet's Corner: "Jan Kochanowski's ''Threnodies''
", in '''', no. 43 (470) (October 26, 1997). Includes ''Threnody V''.
"Jan KOCHANOWSKI
, by Prof. Edmund Kotarski, in the ''Virtual Library of Polish Literature''.

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Jan Kochanowski
Jan Kochanowski (; 1530 – 22 August 1584) was a Polish Renaissance poet who established poetic patterns that would become integral to the Polish literary language. He is commonly regarded as the greatest Polish poet before Adam Mickiewicz. Life Jan Kochanowski was born at Sycyna, near Radom, Poland. He was the older brother of Andrzej Kochanowski, who would also become a poet and translator. Little is known of Jan's early education. At fourteen, fluent in Latin, he was sent to the Kraków Academy. After graduating in 1547 at the age of seventeen, he attended the University of Königsberg, in Ducal Prussia (a fiefdom of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland), and Padua University in Italy. At Padua, Kochanowski came in contact with the great humanist scholar Francesco Robortello. Kochanowski closed his fifteen-year period of studies and travels with a final visit to France, where he met the poet Pierre Ronsard. In 1559 Kochanowski returned to Poland for good, where he remained a ...
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Threnodies
A threnody is a wailing ode, song, hymn or poem of mourning composed or performed as a memorial to a dead person. The term originates from the Greek word θρηνῳδία (''threnoidia''), from θρῆνος (''threnos'', "wailing") and ᾠδή (''oide'', "ode"), the latter ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root *''h₂weyd-'' ("to sing") that is also the precursor of such words as "ode", "tragedy", "comedy", "parody", "melody" and "rhapsody". Similar terms include " dirge", " coronach", "lament" and " elegy". The '' Epitaphios Threnos'' is the lamentation chanted in the Eastern Orthodox Church on Holy Saturday. John Dryden commemorated the death of Charles II of England in the long poem ''Threnodia Augustalis'', and Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote a "Threnody" in memory of his son. Examples In written works: *Countee Cullen's "Threnody for a Brown Girl" * Bruce Dawe's poem "Homecoming" *Ralph Waldo Emerson's "Threnody" *Peter H. Gilmore's "Threnody for Humanity" *A. E. H ...
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Threnody
A threnody is a wailing ode, song, hymn or poem of mourning composed or performed as a memorial to a dead person. The term originates from the Greek word θρηνῳδία (''threnoidia''), from θρῆνος (''threnos'', "wailing") and ᾠδή (''oide'', "ode"), the latter ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root *''h₂weyd-'' ("to sing") that is also the precursor of such words as "ode", "tragedy", "comedy", "parody", "melody" and "rhapsody". Similar terms include "dirge", " coronach", "lament" and "elegy". The '' Epitaphios Threnos'' is the lamentation chanted in the Eastern Orthodox Church on Holy Saturday. John Dryden commemorated the death of Charles II of England in the long poem '' Threnodia Augustalis'', and Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote a "Threnody" in memory of his son. Examples In written works: *Countee Cullen's "Threnody for a Brown Girl" * Bruce Dawe's poem "Homecoming" *Ralph Waldo Emerson's "Threnody" * Peter H. Gilmore's "Threnody for Humanity" * A. E. Hou ...
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Lamentation
A lament or lamentation is a passionate expression of grief, often in music, poetry, or song form. The grief is most often born of regret, or mourning. Laments can also be expressed in a verbal manner in which participants lament about something that they regret or someone that they have lost, and they are usually accompanied by wailing, moaning and/or crying. Laments constitute some of the oldest forms of writing, and examples exist across human cultures. History Many of the oldest and most lasting poems in human history have been laments. The Lament for Sumer and Ur dates back at least 4000 years to ancient Sumer, the world's first urban civilization. Laments are present in both the ''Iliad'' and the ''Odyssey'', and laments continued to be sung in elegiacs accompanied by the aulos in classical and Hellenistic Greece. Elements of laments appear in ''Beowulf'', in the Hindu Vedas, and in ancient Near Eastern religious texts. They are included in the Mesopotamian City Laments ...
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Lament
A lament or lamentation is a passionate expression of grief, often in music, poetry, or song form. The grief is most often born of regret, or mourning. Laments can also be expressed in a verbal manner in which participants lament about something that they regret or someone that they have lost, and they are usually accompanied by wailing, moaning and/or crying. Laments constitute some of the oldest forms of writing, and examples exist across human cultures. History Many of the oldest and most lasting poems in human history have been laments. The Lament for Sumer and Ur dates back at least 4000 years to ancient Sumer, the world's first urban civilization. Laments are present in both the ''Iliad'' and the ''Odyssey'', and laments continued to be sung in elegiacs accompanied by the aulos in classical and Hellenistic Greece. Elements of laments appear in '' Beowulf'', in the Hindu Vedas, and in ancient Near Eastern religious texts. They are included in the Mesopotamian City Lame ...
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Threnody
A threnody is a wailing ode, song, hymn or poem of mourning composed or performed as a memorial to a dead person. The term originates from the Greek word θρηνῳδία (''threnoidia''), from θρῆνος (''threnos'', "wailing") and ᾠδή (''oide'', "ode"), the latter ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root *''h₂weyd-'' ("to sing") that is also the precursor of such words as "ode", "tragedy", "comedy", "parody", "melody" and "rhapsody". Similar terms include "dirge", " coronach", "lament" and "elegy". The '' Epitaphios Threnos'' is the lamentation chanted in the Eastern Orthodox Church on Holy Saturday. John Dryden commemorated the death of Charles II of England in the long poem '' Threnodia Augustalis'', and Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote a "Threnody" in memory of his son. Examples In written works: *Countee Cullen's "Threnody for a Brown Girl" * Bruce Dawe's poem "Homecoming" *Ralph Waldo Emerson's "Threnody" * Peter H. Gilmore's "Threnody for Humanity" * A. E. Hou ...
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Kochanowski - Treny (1583)
Kochanowski (feminine Kochanowska) is a Polish surname. Notable people include: * Andrzej Kochanowski (1542–1596), Polish nobleman and poet * Augusta Kochanowska (1868–1927), Polish painter and illustrator * Jakub Kochanowski (born 1997), Polish volleyball player * Jan Kochanowski (1530-1584), Polish poet * Janusz Kochanowski Janusz Bogumił Kochanowski (18 April 1940 – 10 April 2010) was a Polish lawyer, diplomat, and the Commissioner for Civil Rights Protection of the Republic of Poland (Polish Ombudsman). Life and career Janusz Kochanowski was born in Częstoch ... (1940-2010), Polish lawyer and diplomat * Michał Kochanowski (1757-1832), Polish Chamberlain and nobleman * Piotr Kochanowski (1566-1620), Polish nobleman and poet * Roman Kochanowski (1857-1945), Polish painter and illustrator See also * {{surname Polish-language surnames ...
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Classical Antiquity
Classical antiquity (also the classical era, classical period or classical age) is the period of cultural history between the 8th century BC and the 5th century AD centred on the Mediterranean Sea, comprising the interlocking civilizations of ancient Greece and ancient Rome known as the Greco-Roman world. It is the period in which both Greek and Roman societies flourished and wielded huge influence throughout much of Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia. Conventionally, it is taken to begin with the earliest-recorded Epic Greek poetry of Homer (8th–7th-century BC), and continues through the emergence of Christianity (1st century AD) and the fall of the Western Roman Empire (5th-century AD). It ends with the decline of classical culture during late antiquity (250–750), a period overlapping with the Early Middle Ages (600–1000). Such a wide span of history and territory covers many disparate cultures and periods. ''Classical antiquity'' may also refer to an idealized v ...
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Eulogy
A eulogy (from , ''eulogia'', Classical Greek, ''eu'' for "well" or "true", ''logia'' for "words" or "text", together for "praise") is a speech or writing in praise of a person or persons, especially one who recently died or retired, or as a term of endearment. Eulogies may be given as part of funeral services. In the US, they take place in a funeral home during or after a wake; in the UK, they are said during the service, typically at a crematorium or place of worship, before the wake. In the US, some denominations either discourage or do not permit eulogies at services to maintain respect for traditions. Eulogies can also praise people who are still alive. This normally takes place on special occasions like birthdays, office parties, retirement celebrations, etc. Eulogies should not be confused with elegies, which are poems written in tribute to the dead; nor with obituaries, which are published biographies recounting the lives of those who have recently died; nor with obs ...
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Consolation
Consolation, consolement, and solace are terms referring to psychological comfort given to someone who has suffered severe, upsetting loss, such as the death of a loved one. It is typically provided by expressing shared regret for that loss and highlighting the hope for positive events in the future. Consolation is an important topic arising in history, the arts, philosophy, and psychology. In the field of medicine, consolation has been broadly described as follows: In some contexts, particularly in religious terminology, consolation is described as the opposite or counterpart to the experience of "desolation", or complete loss. History The desire to console others is an expression of empathy, and appears to be instinctual in primates. Dutch primatologist Frans de Waal has observed acts of consolation occurring among non-human primates such as chimpanzees. The formal concept of consolation as a social practice has existed since ancient times. For example, as an examination ...
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Cicero
Marcus Tullius Cicero ( ; ; 3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the establishment of the Roman Empire. His extensive writings include treatises on rhetoric, philosophy and politics, and he is considered one of Rome's greatest orators and prose stylists. He came from a wealthy municipal family of the Roman equestrian order, and served as consul in 63 BC. His influence on the Latin language was immense. He wrote more than three-quarters of extant Latin literature that is known to have existed in his lifetime, and it has been said that subsequent prose was either a reaction against or a return to his style, not only in Latin but in European languages up to the 19th century. Cicero introduced into Latin the arguments of the chief schools of Hellenistic philosophy and created a Latin philosophical vocabulary ...
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