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Thiruppavai
The Thiruppavai (Tamil: திருப்பாவை) is a set of Tamil devotional religious hymns attributed to the female poet-saint Andal (also known as Nachiyar, Kodhai or Goda Devi). She is considered the manifestation of Bhudevi, who has come down to earth as Periyalvar's daughter. She is said to have fasted (a 'Paavai nonbu') during the month of 'Margazhi' (Dhanurmaasam) and composed 30 religious hymns at the age of 5, to attain Perumal. It consists of thirty stanzas (''paasurams'') in praise of Thirumal (a manifestation of Lord Vishnu). It is a part of Divya Prabandha, a collection of the works of the twelve Alvars, that is considered an important part of the devotional genre of Tamil literature. The Thiruppavai has also been translated into Telugu by Mullapudi Venkataramana as ''Melupalukula Melukolupu.'' In Thiruppavai, Andal gives a universal call to all people to recite the name and glories of Lord Vishnu. Paavai Genre Thiruppavai belongs to the Paavai genre of s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andal
Andal ( ta, ஆண்டாள்), also known as Kothai, Nachiyar, and Godadevi, was the only female Alvar among the twelve Hindu poet-saints of South India. She was posthumously considered an avatar of the goddess Bhudevi. As with the Alvar saints, she was affiliated to the Sri Vaishnava tradition of Hinduism. Active in the 8th-century, with some suggesting 7th-century, Andal is credited with two great Tamil works, ''Thiruppavai'' and '' Nachiyar Tirumoḻi'', which are still recited by devotees during the winter festival season of Margaḻi. Andal is a prominent figure for women in South India and has inspired several women's groups such as Goda Mandali. Legends According to literary and religious tradition, Periyalvar (பெரியாழ்வார்), originally called Vishnuchithan, was an ardent devotee of Perumal (Vishnu) and he used to string garlands to the deity every day. He was childless and he prayed to God to save him from the longing for a child. On ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thiruppavai 1 (Margazhi Thingal)
Margazhi Thingal is the first paasuram (song) of Thiruppavai. It was written by Andal as part of a vow observed throughout the month of Margazhi. Content Original text Original text in English Literal translation Oh beautifully ornamented girls (NEr izhaiyeer)! Prosperous (chelva) young girls (chirumeer) of the rich city (seer malgum) of Tiruvoypadi (aaypaadi-Gokulam)! This is the month (thingaL) of December/January (margazhi), an auspicious day (nan naaL) filled (niraindha) with moonlight (madhi). Those of us who want to go (pOdhuveer) take a bath in the holy river Sacred waters are sacred natural sites characterized by tangible topographical land formations such as rivers, lakes, springs, reservoirs, and oceans, as opposed to holy water which is water elevated with the sacramental blessing of a cleric. T ... (neeraada), let us go (pOdhumeenO). The Lord (naaraayaNan), who was the son (kumaran) of NandagOpan, who could give a lot of trouble (kodun thozhilan) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mullapudi Venkata Ramana
Mullapudi Venkata Ramana (28 June 1931 – 24 February 2011) was an Indian writer known for his work in Telugu language, Telugu language. Noted for his humorous and metaphorical style of writing, Mullapudi received Raghupathi Venkaiah Award from the Government of Andhra Pradesh in 1986 for his contributions to Telugu cinema and he also won six Nandi Awards. Mullapudi is noted for his association with Bapu (director), Bapu, who both worked together as Bapu–Ramana. The director–writer duo went onto make many successful films such as ''Bangaru Pichika'' (1968), Andala Ramudu (1973 film), ''Andala Ramudu'' (1973), Sampoorna Ramayanam (1971 film), ''Sampoorna Ramayanam'' (1973), ''Mutyala Muggu'' (1975), ''Pelli Pustakam (1991 film), Pelli Pustakam'' (1993), ''Mister Pellam'' (1995), and ''Radha Gopalam'' (2005). He is also an essayist and cartoonist who is known for creating Budugu, a character considered as a corner stone for Telugu children's literature. Early life Mullapud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bhairavi (Carnatic)
Bhairavi is a ''janya'' rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). Though it is a ''sampoorna'' rāgam (scale having all 7 notes), it has two different ''dhaivathams'' in its scale making it a Bhashanga Ragam, and hence is not classified as a '' melakarta'' rāgam (parent scale). This is one of the ancient rāgams, said to have been prevalent about 1500 years ago. There are numerous compositions in this rāgam. Though a Raga called Bhairavi also exists in Hindusthani music, it is very different from the Carnatic version. Hindustani's Bhairavi, in terms of its aroha and avaroha alone, corresponds to Carnatic music's Thodi. It is considered a ''janya'' of the 20th ''melakarta Natabhairavi''. Its ' structure is as follows (see ''swaras'' of Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms): *: *: The other set of ārohaṇa and avarohaṇa used is: *: *: The notes used are ''chathusruthi rishabham, sadharana gandharam, shuddha mad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Divya Prabandha
The Naalayira Divya Prabandham ( ta, நாலாயிரத் திவ்வியப் பிரபந்தம், lit=Four Thousand Divine Hymns, translit=Nālāyira Divya Prabandham) is a collection of 4,000 Tamil verses composed by the 12 Alvars. It was compiled in its present form by Nathamuni during the 9th–10th centuries. The work, an important liturgical compilation of the Tamil Alvars, marks the beginning of the canonisation of 12 ''Vaishnava'' poet saints, and these hymns are still sung extensively today. The works were lost before they were collected and organised in the form of an anthology by Nathamuni. Description The ''Divya Prabandham'' sings the praises of Narayana (Vishnu) and his many forms. The Alvars sang these songs at various sacred shrines known as the Divya Desams. The Tamil ''Vaishnavites'' are also known as ''Ubhaya Vedanti'' (those that follow both Vedas, that is, the Sanskrit Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda, and Atharvaveda, as well as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krishna
Krishna (; sa, कृष्ण ) is a major deity in Hinduism. He is worshipped as the eighth avatar of Vishnu and also as the Supreme god in his own right. He is the god of protection, compassion, tenderness, and love; and is one of the most popular and widely revered among Indian divinities. Krishna's birthday is celebrated every year by Hindus on Krishna Janmashtami according to the lunisolar Hindu calendar, which falls in late August or early September of the Gregorian calendar. The anecdotes and narratives of Krishna's life are generally titled as ''Krishna Leela''. He is a central character in the ''Mahabharata'', the '' Bhagavata Purana'', the ''Brahma Vaivarta Purana,'' and the '' Bhagavad Gita'', and is mentioned in many Hindu philosophical, theological, and mythological texts. They portray him in various perspectives: as a god-child, a prankster, a model lover, a divine hero, and the universal supreme being. Quote: "Krsna's various appearances as a di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alvars
The Alvars ( ta, ஆழ்வார், Āḻvār, translit-std=ISO, lit=The Immersed) were the Tamil poet-saints of South India who espoused ''bhakti'' (devotion) to the Hindu preserver deity Vishnu, in their songs of longing, ecstasy, and service. They are venerated in Vaishnavism, which regards Vishnu as the Ultimate Reality. Many modern academics place the lifetime of the Alvars between the 5th century and 10th century CE. Traditionally, the Alvars are considered to have lived between and . Orthodoxy posits the number of Alvars as ten, though there are other references that include Andal and Madhurakavi Alvar, making the number 12. Andal is the only female Alvar among the 12. Together with the contemporary 63 Shaivite Nayanars, they are among the most important saints from Tamil Nadu. The devotional outpourings of the Alvars, composed during the early medieval period of Tamil history, were the catalysts behind the Bhakti Movement through their hymns of worship to Vish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanumatodi
Hanumatodi, more popularly known as Todi (pronounced hanumatōdi and tōdi), is a rāgam (musical scale) in Carnatic music. It is the 8th ''melakarta'' rāgam (parent scale) in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system. This is sung very often in concerts. It is a difficult rāgam to perform in owing to its complexity in '' prayoga'' (phrases of notes and intonation). It is called Janatodi in Muthuswami Dikshitar school of Carnatic music.''Sri Muthuswami Dikshitar Keertanaigal'' by Vidwan A Sundaram Iyer, Pub. 1989, Music Book Publishers, Mylapore, Chennai Its Western equivalent is the Phrygian mode. Todi in Carnatic music is different from ''Todi (thaat)'' of Hindustani music (North Indian classical music). The equivalent of the Hindustani raga ''Todi'' in Carnatic music is ''Shubhapantuvarali'' (which is the 45th ''melakarta'').''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras The equival ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sankarabharanam (raga)
Dhīraśankarābharaṇaṃ, commonly known as ''Śankarābharaṇaṃ'', is a rāga in Carnatic music. It is the 29th ''Melakarta'' rāga in the 72 ''Melakarta'' rāga system of Carnatic music. Since this raga has many Gamakās (ornamentations), it is glorified as ''"Sarva Gamaka Maaṇika Rakti Rāgaṃ".'' By scale wise, the Śankarābharaṇaṃ scale corresponds to ''Bilaval'' in the Hindustani music system. The Western equivalent is the major Scale (music), scale, or the ''Ionian mode''.''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras Hence this rāga is one of the most popular scales across the world, known with different names in different musical styles. Its nature is mellifluous and smooth. This rāga offers a large scope for compositions. It is ideal for a melodious, but still laid back majestic presentation. Structure and Lakshana It is the 5th rāga in the 5th '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parasara Bhattar
Parasara Bhattar (also transliterated as Parashara Bhattarya) was a follower of Ramanuja, a 12th-century Vaishnava teacher 062-1174 A.D He was the son of Koorathazhwan. His works include ''Srirangarajastavam''. He wrote a commentary in Sanskrit on Vishnu Sahasranamam from a Sri Vaishnavite viewpoint, titled Bhagavadguna Dharpanam, in contrast to the Advaita view of Adi Sankara. According to the Tenkalai tradition (''Guru-parampara''), Ramanuja's cousin Embar succeeded him as the leader of Shrivaishnavas, followed by Parasara Bhattar. Parasara defeated an Advaita Vedanta ''Advaita Vedanta'' (; sa, अद्वैत वेदान्त, ) is a Hinduism, Hindu sādhanā, a path of spiritual discipline and experience, and the oldest extant tradition of the Āstika and nāstika, orthodox Hindu school Ved ... philosopher named Madhava in a debate. He accepted Madhava as a disciple, gave him the name Nanjiyar, and appointed him as his successor. References External l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nata (raga)
Nata (nāṭa) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music), sometimes spelled Nattai. It is a ''janya'' rāgam (derived scale) from the 36th ''melakarta'' scale ''Chalanata''. It is a ''janya'' scale, as it does not have all the seven ''swaras'' (musical notes) in the descending scale. It is a combination of the ''sampurna raga'' scale ''Chalanata'' and the pentatonic scale ''Gambhiranata''.''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras It is an auspicious raga, which is mostly sung in the early part of the concert. There is a raaga named Nata in Hindusthani music as well, and another raaga named Shuddha Nat. But they are sung rarely, and have no association with the Nattai of Carnatic Music. Structure of Lakshana ''Nata'' is an ASYMMETRIC rāgam that does not contain ''gandharam'' and ''dhaivatam'' in the descending scale. It is an ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adi Tala
Adi tala (Sanskrit: ''ādi tālà'' {{lang, sa, आदि ताळ, Kannada: ಆದಿ ತಾಳ, literally "primary rhythm" also spelled aadi taalam or adi talam) is the name of one of the most popular tala or rhythms used in Carnatic Music. Its full technical name according to the Carnatic Music's tala system is ''Chaturashra-naDe Chaturashra-jaati triputa taLa''. Structure This tala has eight akshara Aksara (also ''akshara'', Devanagari अक्षर, IAST ''akṣara'') is a Sanskrit term translating to "imperishable, indestructible, fixed, immutable" (i.e. from अ, '' a-'' "not" and क्षर्, ''kṣar-'' "melt away, perish"). It h ...s, each being 4 svaras long. Many kritis and around half of the varnams are set to this tala. Carnatic music Carnatic music terminology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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