Hanumatodi, more popularly known as Todi (pronounced hanumatōdi and tōdi), is a

rāga A ''raga'' or ''raag'' (; also ''raaga'' or ''ragam''; ) is a melodic framework for improvisation in Indian classical music akin to a melodic mode. The ''rāga'' is a unique and central feature of the classical Indian music tradition, and as ...

m (musical scale) in

Carnatic music Carnatic music, known as or in the Dravidian languages, South Indian languages, is a system of music commonly associated with South India, including the modern Indian states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Kerala and Tamil Nadu, an ...

. It is the 8th ''

melakarta Mēḷakartā is a collection of fundamental musical scales ( ragas) in Carnatic music (South Indian classical music). ''Mēḷakartā'' ragas are parent ragas (hence known as ''janaka'' ragas) from which other ragas may be generated. A ''melak ...

m (parent scale) in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system. This is sung very often in concerts. It is a difficult rāgam to perform in owing to its complexity in '' prayoga'' (phrases of notes and intonation). It is called Janatodi in

Muthuswami Dikshitar Muthuswami Dikshitar (Mudduswamy Dikshitar)(, 24 March 1776 – 21 October 1835), mononymously Dikshitar, was a South Indian poet, singer and veena player, and a legendary composer of Indian classical music, who is considered one of the musical ...

school of Carnatic music.''Sri Muthuswami Dikshitar Keertanaigal'' by Vidwan A Sundaram Iyer, Pub. 1989, Music Book Publishers, Mylapore, Chennai Its Western equivalent is the

Phrygian mode The Phrygian mode (pronounced ) can refer to three different musical modes: the ancient Greek ''tonos'' or ''harmonia,'' sometimes called Phrygian, formed on a particular set of octave species or scales; the Medieval Phrygian mode, and the modern ...

. Todi in Carnatic music is different from ''

Todi (thaat) Todi () is one of the ten basic thaats of Hindustani music from the Indian subcontinent. It is also the name of a raga within this thaat. Description Todi has Komal Rishab, Gandhar, and Dhaivat, as well as Teevra Madhyam. The Todi (raga), Todi ra ...

'' of

Hindustani music Hindustani classical music is the classical music of northern regions of the Indian subcontinent. It may also be called North Indian classical music or, in Hindustani, ''shastriya sangeet'' (). It is played in instruments like the violin, sita ...

(North Indian classical music). The equivalent of the Hindustani raga ''Todi'' in Carnatic music is ''

Shubhapantuvarali Shubhapantuvarali (pronounced , meaning ''the auspicious moon'') is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 45th '' melakarta'' rāgam in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system of Carnatic music. It is ...

'' (which is the 45th ''melakarta'').''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras The equivalent of Carnatic ''Todi'' in Hindustani is ''

Bhairavi Bhairavi ( sa, भैरवी) is a Hindu goddess, described as one of the Mahāvidyas, the ten avatars of the mother goddess. She is the consort of Bhairava. Etymology The name ''Bhairavi'' means "terror" or "awe-inspiring". She is the ...

thaat'' in terms of notes, but the two sound very different due to differing uses of gamakas.

Structure and Lakshana

It is the 2nd rāgam in the 2nd ''chakra Netra''. The mnemonic name is ''Netra-Sri''. The mnemonic phrase is ''sa ra gi ma pa dha ni''. Its ''ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa'' structure is as follows (see ''swaras'' in Carnatic music page for details on below notation and terms): * ārohaṇa : * avarohaṇa : This scale uses the notes ''shuddha rishabham, sadharana gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, shuddha dhaivatham'' and ''kaisiki nishadham''. It is a ''sampoorna'' rāgam - rāgam having all 7 ''

swara Svara or swara (Devanagari: स्वर, generally pronounced as ''swar'') is a Sanskrit word that connotes simultaneously a breath, a vowel, the sound of a musical note corresponding to its name, and the successive steps of the octave or '' ...

ms''. It is the ''shuddha madhyamam'' equivalent of '' Bhavapriya'', which is the 44th ''melakarta'' scale. A peculiarity of this raga is that it is sung in all lower notes. It is also classified as a "rakti" raga (a raga of high melodic content).

''Janya'' rāgams

''Hanumatodi'' has a quite a few ''

janya ''Janya'' is a term meaning "derive". In Carnatic (South Indian) music a ''janya raga'' is one derived from one of the 72 ''melakarta'' ragas (fundamental melodic structures). ''Janya'' ragas are classified into various types based on a varie ...

'' rāgams (derived scales) associated with it, of which ''

Asaveri Asaveri (asāvēri) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is a '' janya'' rāgam (derived scale) from the 8th ''melakarta'' scale '' Hanumatodi''. It is a ''janya'' scale, as it does not have all the ...

'', '' Janatodi'', ''

Dhanyasi Dhanyasi is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is a ''janya'' rāgam (derived scale) from the 8th '' melakarta'' scale ''Hanumatodi''. It is a ''janya'' scale, as it does not have all the seven ''swa ...

'', ''

Punnagavarali Punnagavarali, a raga in Carnatic Music, is a derived scale from Hanumatodi, which is the 8th melakarta Raga in the 72 melakarta system. Punnagavarali raga is associated with karuna rasa and snakes (''naga'' means snake). Snake charmers play ...

'' and ''Shuddha Seemanthini'' are popular. See List of ''janya'' rāgams for all of ''Todi's janyas''.

Popular compositions

Most composers have composed songs in ''Todi''.

Thyagaraja Thyagaraja (Telugu: త్యాగరాజ) (4 May 1767 – 6 January 1847), also known as Thyāgayya and in full as Kakarla Thyagabrahmam, was a composer and vocalist of Carnatic music, a form of Indian classical music. Tyagaraja and his ...

alone has composed about 32 compositions in this raga with each composition starting at every single note of the three octaves. Thāye Yashoda, composed by

Oottukkadu Venkata Kavi Oothukkaadu Venkata Kavi (-1765) or Oottukkaadu Venkata Subbaiar was one of the pioneering composers in Indian classical Carnatic music. He lived in South India in the present-day state of Tamil Nadu. Also known by the name Oothukkaadu Venkatas ...

, is a very well known composition, in the

Tamil language Tamil (; ' , ) is a Dravidian language natively spoken by the Tamil people of South Asia. Tamil is an official language of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, the sovereign nations of Sri Lanka and Singapore, and the Indian territory of Pudu ...

. This popular ''

kriti Kriti may refer to: Art and entertainment * Kriti (music), a format of musical composition typical to Carnatic music * ''Kriti'' (film), a 2016 Hindi-language short film * Kriti TV, Greek TV station People with the name * Kriti Bharti, Indi ...

'' is sung frequently in concerts. A popular ''

varnam Varṇam is a type of composition in the Carnatic music system consisting of short metric pieces which encapsulate the main features (patterns of notes) of a ''raga''. Varnams capture the ''raga bhavam'', ''ranjaka prayogas'' ''visesha sancha ...

'' in the ''Todi'' rāgam is ''Erā Nāpai'' by Patnam Subramania Iyer, one of the famous composers of Carnatic music. Other popular compositions are: * ''Era Na Pai'' an Aadi thala varnam by Patnam Subramania Iyer * ''Daani Samajendra'', ''Saridisavasa'' (Varnams) by

Swathi Thirunal ( ml, സ്വാതി തിരുനാള്‍ രാമവർമ്മ) (16 April 1813 – 26 December 1846) was the Maharaja of the Kingdom of Travancore. He is also considered as a brilliant music composer and is credited with over 40 ...

* ''Kādhanu vāriki'', ''Dācu kovalena'', ''Proddupoyenu'', ''Dasarathi Nee Runamu'', ''Aragimpave'', ''Raju Vedale'', ''Endu daginado'', ''Chesinadella'', ''Koluvamaregada'', ''Nee vanti daivamu sadanana'' and ''Gati Neevani'' by

* ''Sarasijanabha Murare'', ''Devadevamam Palaya'', ''Japatha Japatha'', ''Devadeva Mam Palayamam'', ''Mandara Dhara'', ''Pankajaksha Tava Sevam'', ''Samodam Kalayami'' by

* ''Shri Krishnam Bhajamaanasa'', ''Daakshayani'',''Shri Subramanyomam Rakshatu'' and ''Kamalambike'' by

* ''Raave Himagiri Kumari'', ''Karunanidhi Ilalo'' by Syama Sastri * ''Kangalidyatako'' by

Sripadaraja Sripadaraja ( sa, श्रीपादराज; ) or Sripadaraya, also known by his pontifical name Lakshminarayana Tirtha (1422 - 1480), was a Hindu Dvaita philosopher, scholar and composer and the pontiff of the Madhvacharya mutt at Mul ...

* ''Enu Dhanyalo Lakumi'', ''Banda nodi Govinda'', ''Ninna Nodi Dhanyanadeno'' by

Purandara Dasa Purandara Dasa (IAST: Purandara dāsa) ( 1470 – 1565) was a Haridasa philosopher and a follower of Madhwacharya 's Dwaitha philosophy -saint from present-day Karnataka, India. He was a composer, singer and one of the chief founding-prop ...

* ''Sharadeye Karuna Varidhi'' Ny

Vijaya Dasa Vijaya Dasa ( kn, ವಿಜಯದಾಸ) (c. 1682– c. 1755) was a prominent saint from the Haridasa tradition of Karnataka, India in the 18th century, and a scholar of the Dvaita philosophical tradition. Along with contemporary haridasa saint ...

* ''Gajananam Ganapathim'' by

Jayachamarajendra Wodeyar Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar (18 July 1919 – 23 September 1974) was the 25th Maharaja of Mysore from 1940 to 1950, who later served as the governor of Mysore State, Mysore and Madras State, Madras states. Early life Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar w ...

* ''Kārthikeya Gangeya'' and ''Thamatham aen swami'' by

Papanasam Sivan Paapanaasam Raamayya Sivan (26 September 1890 – 1 October 1973) was an Indian composer of Carnatic music and a singer. He was awarded the Madras Music Academy's Sangeetha Kalanidhi in 1971. He was also a film score composer in Kannada cinema ...

* ''Paradevathe Nin Pada Bhajanam'' by

Irayimman Thampi Iravivarman Thampi, better known as Irayimman Thampi (1782 October 12 - 1856 July 29), was an Indian Carnatic musician, music composer and poet from the Kingdom of Travancore. He was a vocalist in the court of Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma, Swathi ...

*'' varnam ''miinakshi niidu'' by gnanananda teertha (ogirala veera raghava sarma) *''SarasijanAbha MurArE'' by

Swati Tirunal ( ml, സ്വാതി തിരുനാള്‍ രാമവർമ്മ) (16 April 1813 – 26 December 1846) was the Maharaja of the Kingdom of Travancore. He is also considered as a brilliant music composer and is credited with over 40 ...

* *'' kriti ''kamakshi sada'' by gnanananda teertha (ogirala veera raghava sarma) * ''Anjaneyam upasmahe'' by Bellary M. Sheshagiri Acharya * ''Ninne namminanu'' by

Shyama Shastri Shyama Shastri (; 26 April 1762 – 1827) or Syama Sastri was a musician and composer of Carnatic music. He was the oldest among the Trinity of Carnatic music, Tyagaraja and Muthuswami Dikshitar being the other two. Early life and career Shy ...

* ''Notru Suvargam'' part of the

Thiruppavai The Thiruppavai ( Tamil: திருப்பாவை) is a set of Tamil devotional religious hymns attributed to the female poet-saint Andal (also known as Nachiyar, Kodhai or Goda Devi). She is considered the manifestation of Bhudevi, who h ...

Andal Andal ( ta, ஆண்டாள்), also known as Kothai, Nachiyar, and Godadevi, was the only female Alvar among the twelve Hindu poet-saints of South India. She was posthumously considered an avatar of the goddess Bhudevi. As with the Alv ...

* ''Sudha Nidhe Mamava Sadha'' by Balamurali Krishna

Film Songs

Language:
Tamil Tamil may refer to: * Tamils, an ethnic group native to India and some other parts of Asia Sri Lankan Tamils, Tamil people native to Sri Lanka also called ilankai tamils Tamil Malaysians, Tamil people native to Malaysia * Tamil language, nativ ...

Related rāgams

''Todi's'' notes when shifted using '' Graha bhedam'', yields 5 other major ''melakarta'' rāgams, namely, '' Kalyani'', '' Shankarabharanam'', ''

Natabhairavi Naṭabhairavi is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 20th ''melakarta'' rāgam in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system. It corresponds to the Natural minor scale of western music system. Natabhaira ...

'', ''

Kharaharapriya Kharaharapriya is a rāga in Carnatic music. It is the 22nd ''melakarta'' rāga (parent scale) in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāga system. It is possible that the name of the ragam was originally ''Harapriya'' but it was changed to conform to the K ...

'' and '' Harikambhoji''. For further details and an illustration of ''graha bhedam'' of this rāgam refer related rāgams section in Shankarabharanam page.

Notes

References

{{Janya, state=collapsed Melakarta ragas