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The Revealed God
''Deus revelatus'' (Latin: "revealed God") refers to the Christian theological concept coined by Martin Luther which affirms that the ultimate self-revelation of God relies on his hiddenness. It is the particular focus of Luther’s work the Heidelberg Theses of 1518, presented during the Heidelberg disputation of 1518. In Christian theology, God is presented as revealed or ''Deus revelatus'' through the suffering of Jesus Christ on the cross. Debate of the term is found in the field of philosophy of religion, where it is contested among philosophers such as J. L. Schellenberg. The term is usually distinguished from Luther's concept of ''Deus absconditus'', which affirms the fundamental unknowability of the essence of God. However, Luther proposed that God is a revelation who uses the fog to obscure himself. This distinction which permeates his theology has been the subject of wide interpretation, leading to controversy between theologians who believe the terms to be either ant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
De Servo Arbitrio
''On the Bondage of the Will'' ( lat, De Servo Arbitrio, literally, "On Un-free Will", or "Concerning Bound Choice"), by Martin Luther, argued that people can only achieve salvation or redemption through God, and could not choose between good and evil through their own willpower. It was published in December 1525. It was his reply to Desiderius Erasmus' ''De libero arbitrio diatribe sive collatio'' or ''On Free Will'', which had appeared in September 1524 as Erasmus' first public attack on Luther. The debate between Luther and Erasmus is one of the earliest of the Reformation over the issue of free will and predestination. Arguments of Erasmus Despite his own criticisms of contemporary Roman Catholicism, Erasmus argued that it needed reformation from within and that Luther had gone too far. He held that all humans possessed free will and that the doctrine of predestination conflicted with the teachings of the Bible. Erasmus argued against the belief that God's foreknowledge of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deus Deceptor
''Deus Deceptor'' is the first full-length album by the Sweden, Swedish Death metal band NonExist. Track listing Credits * Johan Liiva - Vocals * Johan Reinholdz - Guitar/Bass guitar, Bass * Matte Modin - Drum kit, Drums 2002 albums NonExist albums {{2000s-death-metal-album-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theology Of The Cross
The theology of the Cross (Latin: ''Theologia Crucis'', german: Kreuzestheologie) or staurology (from Koine Greek, Greek ''stauros'': cross, and ''-logy'': "the study of") is a term coined by the theologian Martin Luther to refer to theology that posits the cross as the only source of knowledge concerning who God is and how God saves. It is contrasted with the Theology of Glory (''theologia gloriae''), which places greater emphasis on human abilities and human rationalism, reason. Catholic understanding Paragraph 2015 of the Catechism of the Catholic Church describes the way of perfection as passing by way of the Cross. There is no holiness without renunciation and spiritual battle. Spiritual progress entails the ascesis and mortification that gradually leads to living in the peace and joy of the beatitudes. As defined by Luther The term ''theologia crucis'' was used very rarely by Luther. He first used the term, and explicitly defined it in contrast to the theology of glory, in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodicy
Theodicy () means vindication of God. It is to answer the question of why a good God permits the manifestation of evil, thus resolving the issue of the problem of evil. Some theodicies also address the problem of evil "to make the existence of an all-knowing, all-powerful and all-good or omnibenevolent God consistent with the existence of evil or suffering in the world". Unlike a defense, which tries to demonstrate that God's existence is logically possible in the light of evil, a theodicy provides a framework wherein God's existence is also plausible. The German philosopher and mathematician Gottfried Leibniz coined the term "theodicy" in 1710 in his work , though various responses to the problem of evil had been previously proposed. The British philosopher John Hick traced the history of moral theodicy in his 1966 work, ''Evil and the God of Love'', identifying three major traditions: # the Plotinian theodicy, named after Plotinus # the Augustinian theodicy, which Hick base ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philosophical Theology
Philosophical theology is both a branch and form of theology in which philosophical methods are used in developing or analyzing theological concepts. It therefore includes natural theology as well as philosophical treatments of orthodox and heterodox theology. Philosophical theology is also closely related to the philosophy of religion. Definitions Mortimer J. Adler distinguishes philosophical theology from natural theology. While the former is, according to him, theology done by non-Christian philosophers, the latter is done by those who are already Christians and are actually trying to find rational proofs for their faith. Adler thinks that the term "natural theology" is a misnomer and is actually apologetics, and cites as an example Thomas Aquinas' ''Summa Contra Gentiles'', addressed to the Jews and Moors in Spain, which though written as if it were philosophical theology, was in fact, apologetics and not philosophical theology, as it was written by a Christian and not by a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Outline Of Theology
The following outline is provided as an overview of, and topical guide to, theology. Theology is the systematic study of the nature of the divine. It is taught as an academic discipline, typically in universities, seminaries and schools of divinity. Apologetics Apologetics is the whole of the consensus of the views of those who defend a position in an argument of long standing. * *Bahá'í: Bahá'í apologetics * *Muslim: Muslim apologists Conceptions of God Divine presence Divine presence God * * Names of God * Singular God * Absolute (philosophy) *Brahman * Emanationism *God *Logos *Supreme Being * More... Binitarianism *Binitarianism Trinitarianism *Trinity *Trinitarian formula * Athanasian Creed *Comma Johanneum * Consubstantiality *Homoousian * Hypostasis *Perichoresis *Shield of the Trinity *Trinitarianism in the Church Fathers *Trinitarian Universalism * More... Other views * Aristotelian view of God *Demiurge *Divine simplicity *Egotheism *Godhead (Christianit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Christian Theology
The doctrine of the Trinity, considered the core of Christian theology by ''Trinitarians'', is the result of continuous exploration by the church of the biblical data, thrashed out in debate and treatises, eventually formulated at the First Council of Nicaea in AD 325 in a way they believe is consistent with the biblical witness, and further refined in later councils and writings.Oxford Dictionary of the Bible, Trinity Article The most widely recognized Biblical foundations for the doctrine's formulation are in the Gospel of John, which possess ideas that originate in Platonism and Greek philosophy. Nontrinitarianism is any of several Christian beliefs that reject the Trinitarian doctrine that God is three distinct persons in one being. Modern nontrinitarian groups views differ widely on the nature of God, Jesus, and the Holy Spirit. Biblical canon The Biblical canon is the set of books Christians regard as divinely inspired and thus constituting the Christian Bible. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethical Monotheism
Ethical monotheism is a form of exclusive monotheism in which God is believed to be the only god as well as the source for one's standards of morality, guiding humanity through ethical principles. Definition Ethical monotheism originated within Judaism. It is evident in many different religions, such as Christianity, Zoroastrianism, the Baháʼí Faith, Sikhism, Islam, and many more. All of these religions include the belief in one sole higher power, who controls everything that occurs in the world. In Christianity, God is worshiped as the Trinity or according to nontrinitarian conceptions of God. Other gods are variously considered to be false or demonic, and it is believed that any other gods cannot be compared to the one true God. See also * Argument from morality * Atenism * Baháʼí Faith and the unity of religion * Baháʼí moral teachings * Christian ethics * Comparative religion * Demiurge * ''Dhimmi'' * Dystheism * Evil God challenge * God in Abrahamic religions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deus Otiosus
In theology, a ''deus otiosus'' or "idle god" is a creator god who largely retires from the world and is no longer involved in its daily operation, a central tenet of Deism. Similarity to ''deus absconditus'' A similar concept is that of the ''deus absconditus'' or "hidden god" of Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) and Nicolaus Cusanus. Although Aquinas was a Catholic and not a deist, the concept of the "idle god" refers to a deity whose existence is not readily knowable by humans solely through contemplation or through the examination of divine actions. The concept of ''deus otiosus'' often suggests a god who has grown weary from involvement in this world and who has been replaced by younger, more active gods, whereas ''deus absconditus'' suggests a god who has consciously left this world to hide elsewhere. Examples * In Sumer, the younger gods Enlil and Enki replace the ''deus otiosus'' Anu. * In Greek mythology, the older gods like Uranus and Gaia make way for Cronos and R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deus Absconditus (Christian Theology)
''Deus absconditus'' (Latin: "hidden God") refers to the Christian theological concept of the fundamental unknowability of the essence of God. The term is derived from the Old Testament of the Christian Bible, specifically from the Book of Isaiah: "Truly, you are a God who hides himself, O God of Israel, the Savior" (). This concept was particularly important for the theological thought of the medieval Christian theologians Thomas Aquinas, Nicholas of Cusa, and Martin Luther. Today, the Christian theological concept of ''Deus absconditus'' is primarily associated with the theology of Martin Luther and later Protestant theologians. Luther unfolded his views on ''Deus absconditus'' in his theological treatise ''De Servo Arbitrio'' in 1525. But he had already hinted at this idea in his lectures on the Book of Psalms and in his lecture on the Epistle to the Romans ten years earlier. The opposite of ''Deus absconditus'' in Lutheran theology is the concept of '' Deus revelatus'' ("reve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the Roman Republic it became the dominant language in the Italian region and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire. Even after the fall of Western Rome, Latin remained the common language of international communication, science, scholarship and academia in Europe until well into the 18th century, when other regional vernaculars (including its own descendants, the Romance languages) supplanted it in common academic and political usage, and it eventually became a dead language in the modern linguistic definition. Latin is a highly inflected language, with three distinct genders (masculine, feminine, and neuter), six or seven noun cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, ablative, and vocative), five declensions, four verb conjuga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philosophy Of Religion
Philosophy of religion is "the philosophical examination of the central themes and concepts involved in religious traditions". Philosophical discussions on such topics date from ancient times, and appear in the earliest known texts concerning philosophy. The field is related to many other branches of philosophy, including metaphysics, epistemology, and ethics.Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy"Philosophy of Religion."/ref> The philosophy of religion differs from religious philosophy in that it seeks to discuss questions regarding the nature of religion as a whole, rather than examining the problems brought forth by a particular belief-system. It can be carried out dispassionately by those who identify as believers or non-believers. Overview Philosopher William L. Rowe characterized the philosophy of religion as: "the critical examination of basic religious beliefs and concepts." Philosophy of religion covers alternative beliefs about God or gods or both, the varieties of re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
