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Teboil
Oy Teboil Ab is an oil company in Finland, engaged in the marketing, sales and distribution of petroleum products and operation of filling and service stations. It is a subsidiary of the Russian company Lukoil. History Teboil was established by Mauritz Skogström in Helsinki in 1934 at the name Trustivapaa Bensiini (meaning: " Trust-free Petrol (Benzene)"), abbr. ''TB'', from which came the current name in 1966. At the same year, Estonian shale oil companies ''Eesti Kiviõli'' and ''New Consolidated Gold Fields'' became the main shareholders in the company. Another predecessor of Teboil, Suomen Petrooli, was established by German investors in Vyborg in 1932. During World War II, the ownership of Trustivapaa Bensiini was transferred to German owners and later the company was held by the Ehrnrooth's family. After the Continuation War, in 1947 according to the Paris Peace Treaty TB became affiliated and it became the property of the Soviet Union state-owned company Soyuzn ...
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Teboil Logo
Oy Teboil Ab is an oil company in Finland, engaged in the marketing, sales and distribution of petroleum products and operation of filling and service stations. It is a subsidiary of the Russian company Lukoil. History Teboil was established by Mauritz Skogström in Helsinki in 1934 at the name Trustivapaa Bensiini (meaning: " Trust-free Petrol (Benzene)"), abbr. ''TB'', from which came the current name in 1966. At the same year, Estonian shale oil companies '' Eesti Kiviõli'' and ''New Consolidated Gold Fields'' became the main shareholders in the company. Another predecessor of Teboil, Suomen Petrooli, was established by German investors in Vyborg in 1932. During World War II, the ownership of Trustivapaa Bensiini was transferred to German owners and later the company was held by the Ehrnrooth's family. After the Continuation War, in 1947 according to the Paris Peace Treaty TB became affiliated and it became the property of the Soviet Union state-owned company Soy ...
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New Consolidated Gold Fields
New Consolidated Gold Fields Ltd Estonian Branch (commonly known as Goldfields) was an oil shale company located in Kohtla-Nõmme, Estonia. It was a subsidiary of Consolidated Gold Fields. New Consolidated Gold Fields began oil shale research and development in the late 1920s in England. EPA (1979), p. C-10 In 1930 it began construction of the shale oil extraction complex at Kohtla-Nõmme. It consisted of a shale oil extraction plant, a crushing mill, laboratory, power plant, office building and services facilities, as also housing for 30 workers, dispensary and sauna. The first plant was built in 1931. The plant was equipped with eight rotating retorts (Davidson retorts). Each of these retorts was capable of processing 15 tonnes of oil shale per day. This facility continued to operate until 1961. Ots (2004), pp. 15–16 In 1934 the company doubled its production by building the second shale oil extraction plant. In 1934, '' Eesti Kiviõli'' and ''New Cons ...
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Lukoil
The PJSC Lukoil Oil Company ( stylized as LUKOIL or ЛУКОЙЛ in Cyrillic script) is a Russian multinational energy corporation headquartered in Moscow, specializing in the business of extraction, production, transport, and sale of petroleum, natural gas, petroleum products, and electricity. It was formed in 1991 when three state-run, western Siberian companies named after the respective town in Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug that each was based in, Langepasneftegaz, Urayneftegaz, and Kogalymneftegaz, merged. Its name is the combination of the acronym LUK (initials of the oil-producing cities of Langepas, Uray, Kogalym) and the English word "oil". Lukoil is the second largest company in Russia after Gazprom, and the country's largest non-state enterprise in terms of revenue, with ₽4,744 billion in 2018. In the 2020 Forbes Global 2000, Lukoil was ranked as the 99th-largest public company in the world. Internationally, it is one of the largest global producers of crud ...
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Eesti Kiviõli
AS Eesti Kiviõli (german: Estnische Steinöl AG, English: Estonian Oil Shale Co. Ltd.) was an oil shale company located in Kiviõli, Estonia. It was a predecessor of ''Kiviõli Keemiatööstus'', a shale oil extraction company. The Kiviõli town is named after ''Eesti Kiviõli''. Eesti Kiviõli was established in 1922. At the same year it opened an open-pit oil shale mine near Sonda, which since 1930 continued operations as underground mine. Ots (2004), pp. 15–16 After unsuccessful tests with the moving grate kiln, the company built four tunnel kilns between 1927 and 1938, manufactured by AS Franz Krull. Holmberg (2008), pp. 103–104 It built new shale oil extraction plants in 1932 and in 1938. In the 1930s it became the largest shale oil producer in Estonia. Holmberg (2008), p. 345 In 1939, it produced 70,000 tonnes of shale oil. In 1934, ''Eesti Kiviõli'' and ''New Consolidated Gold Fields'' established the service station chain ''Trustivapaa Bensiini'' (now: T ...
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Neste Oil
Neste Oyj (international name: Neste Corporation; former names Neste Oil Corporation and Fortum Oil and Gas Oy) is an oil refining and marketing company located in Espoo, Finland. It produces, refines and markets oil products, provides engineering services, and licenses production technologies. Neste has operations in 14 countries. Neste shares are listed on the NASDAQ OMX Helsinki Stock Exchange. As of 2022, the Prime Minister's Office of Finland is the largest shareholder in the company, owning 35.91% of shares. In 2021, Neste was the third largest company in Finland in terms of revenue. The name "Neste" means "liquid" in Finnish. History 1948–1997 (Neste) Neste was founded in 1948 as the State petrol company of Finland with the purpose to ensure the availability of refined fuels in Finland. The company's headquarters was established in Espoo. At the time, there was no oil industry or related expertise in Finland, and the company had to start operations fr ...
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Paris Peace Treaties, 1947
The Paris Peace Treaties (french: Traités de Paris) were signed on 10 February 1947 following the end of World War II in 1945. The Paris Peace Conference lasted from 29 July until 15 October 1946. The victorious wartime Allied powers (principally the United Kingdom, Soviet Union, United States and France) negotiated the details of peace treaties with Italy, Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Finland. The treaties allowed the defeated Axis powers to resume their responsibilities as sovereign states in international affairs and to qualify for membership in the United Nations.They each joined the United Nations on 14 December 1955. The settlement elaborated in the peace treaties included payment of war reparations, commitment to minority rights, and territorial adjustments including the end of the Italian colonial empire in Africa, Greece, and Albania, as well as changes to the Italian–Yugoslav, Hungarian–Czechoslovak, Soviet–Romanian, Hungarian–Romanian, French–Italian ...
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Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national republics; in practice, both its government and its economy were highly centralized until its final years. It was a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with the city of Moscow serving as its capital as well as that of its largest and most populous republic: the Russian SFSR. Other major cities included Leningrad (Russian SFSR), Kiev (Ukrainian SSR), Minsk ( Byelorussian SSR), Tashkent (Uzbek SSR), Alma-Ata (Kazakh SSR), and Novosibirsk (Russian SFSR). It was the largest country in the world, covering over and spanning eleven time zones. The country's roots lay in the October Revolution of 1917, when the Bolsheviks, under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Russian Provisional Government ...
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Kommersant
''Kommersant'' (russian: Коммерсантъ, , ''The Businessman'' or Commerce Man, often shortened to Ъ) is a nationally distributed daily newspaper published in Russia mostly devoted to politics and business. The TNS Media and NRS Russia certified July 2013 circulation of the daily was 120,000–130,000. It is owned by Alisher Usmanov. History In 1989, with the onset of press freedom in Russia, ''Kommersant'' was founded under the ownership of businessman and publicist Vladimir Yakovlev. The first issue was released in January 1990. It was modeled after Western business journalism. The newspaper's title is spelled in Russian with a terminal hard sign (ъ) – a letter that is silent at the end of a word in modern Russian, and was thus largely abolished by the post-revolution Russian spelling reform, in reference to a pre-Soviet newspaper of the same name active between 1909 and 1917. This is played up in the Kommersant logo, which features a script hard sign at the ...
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United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territories, nine Minor Outlying Islands, and 326 Indian reservations. The United States is also in free association with three Pacific Island sovereign states: the Federated States of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau. It is the world's third-largest country by both land and total area. It shares land borders with Canada to its north and with Mexico to its south and has maritime borders with the Bahamas, Cuba, Russia, and other nations. With a population of over 333 million, it is the most populous country in the Americas and the third most populous in the world. The national capital of the United States is Washington, D.C. and its most populous city and principal financial center is New York City. Paleo-Americ ...
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Helsingin Sanomat
''Helsingin Sanomat'', abbreviated ''HS'' and colloquially known as , is the largest subscription newspaper in Finland and the Nordic countries, owned by Sanoma. Except after certain holidays, it is published daily. Its name derives from that of the Finnish capital, Helsinki, where it is published. It is considered a newspaper of record for Finland. History and profile The paper was founded in 1889 as ''Päivälehti'', when Finland was a Grand Duchy under the Tsar of Russia. Political censorship by the Russian authorities, prompted by the paper's strong advocacy of greater Finnish freedoms and even outright independence, forced Päivälehti to often temporarily suspend publication, and finally to close permanently in 1904. Its proprietors re-opened the paper under its current name in 1905. Founded as the organ of the Young Finnish Party, the paper has been politically independent and non-aligned since 1932. During the Cold War period ''Helsingin Sanomat'' was among the Finn ...
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Ehrnrooth
The Ehrnrooth family is a Finland, Finnish Nobility, noble family of German origin. It originated from Pomerania, and came to Finland from Livonia around 1600. Its status descends from Johan Plagman (1623–1696), who was raised to nobility in 1687. The family was registered in the Finnish House of Nobility in 1818. Members of the Ehrnrooth family has historically belonged to the Swedish-speaking population of Finland. Many members of the family have been prominent in Finland's business community. Members of the family * Adelaïde Ehrnrooth (1826–1905), writer, feminist * Adolf Ehrnrooth (1905–2004), general * Adolf Reinhold Ehrnrooth, general * Alexander Ehrnrooth (b. 1974), businessman * Anthony Ehrnrooth (b. 1984), Country manager of Skynet Worldwide Express Finland, cinematographer, editor and blogger * Casimir Ehrnrooth (1931–2015), businessman, chairman of Nokia * Gay Ehrnrooth (1925–2006), businessman * Georg C. Ehrnrooth (1926–2010), politician * Georg Larss ...
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ConocoPhillips
ConocoPhillips Company is an American multinational corporation engaged in hydrocarbon exploration and production. It is based in the Energy Corridor district of Houston, Texas. The company has operations in 15 countries and has production in the United States (49% of 2019 production), Norway (10% of 2019 production), Canada (5% of 2019 production), Australia (12% of 2019 production), Indonesia (4% of 2019 production), Malaysia (4% of 2019 production), Libya (3% of 2019 production), China (3% of 2019 production), and Qatar (6% of 2019 production). The company's production in the United States included production in Alaska, the Eagle Ford Group, the Permian Basin (North America), Permian Basin, the Bakken Formation, the Gulf of Mexico and the Anadarko Basin. Approximately 1/3 of the company's U.S. production is in Alaska, where it has operations in the Cook Inlet Area, the Alpine oil field off the Colville River (Alaska), Colville River, and the Kuparuk oil field and Prudhoe Bay ...
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