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Tai Noi Script
The Tai Noi (also spelled ''Thai Noi'') or Lao Buhan script is a Brahmic script that has historically been used in Laos and Isan since about 1500 CE. The contemporary Lao script is a direct descendant and has preserved the basic letter shapes. The script has mostly dropped out of use in the Isan region of Thailand, due to the Thaification policies of the Thai government, that imposed Central Thai culture such as the Thai script throughout the country. Names The Tai Noi script ( tts, อักษรไทน้อย , cf. lo, ອັກສອນໄທນ້ອຍ BGN/PCGN ''Akson Tai Noy'', ) is also called ''To Lao'' ( tts, โตลาว , cf. lo, ໂຕລາວ, ), which in contemporary Isan and Lao would be ''Tua Lao'' ( tts, ตัวลาว and lo, ຕົວລາວ, respectively. The script is known in Laos as ''Lao Buhan'' ( lo, ລາວບູຮານ ), which means . In Laos, the script is referred to in academic settings as the ''Akson Lao Deum'' ( lo, ອັ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lao Language
Lao, sometimes referred to as Laotian (, 'Lao' or , 'Lao language'), is a Kra–Dai language of the Lao people. It is spoken in Laos, where it is the official language for around 7 million people, as well as in northeast Thailand, where it is used by around 23 million people, usually referred to as Isan. Lao serves as a lingua franca among the citizens of Laos, who also speak approximately 90 other languages, many of which are unrelated to Lao. It is a tonal and analytic language, similar to other Kra-Dai languages as well as to Chinese and Vietnamese. Spoken Lao is mutually intelligible with Thai and Isan, fellow Southwestern Tai languages, to such a degree that their speakers are able to effectively communicate with one another speaking their respective languages. These languages are written with slightly different scripts but are linguistically similar and effectively form a dialect continuum. Although there is no official standard, the Vientiane dialect became the de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thailand
Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is bordered to the north by Myanmar and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the west by the Andaman Sea and the extremity of Myanmar. Thailand also shares maritime borders with Vietnam to the southeast, and Indonesia and India to the southwest. Bangkok is the nation's capital and largest city. Tai peoples migrated from southwestern China to mainland Southeast Asia from the 11th century. Indianised kingdoms such as the Mon, Khmer Empire and Malay states ruled the region, competing with Thai states such as the Kingdoms of Ngoenyang, Sukhothai, Lan Na and Ayutthaya, which also rivalled each other. European contact began in 1511 with a Portuguese diplomatic mission to Ayutthaya, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legal Text In Isan (Lao) Written In Tai Noi
Law is a set of rules that are created and are law enforcement, enforceable by social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior,Robertson, ''Crimes against humanity'', 90. with its precise definition a matter of longstanding debate. It has been variously described as a Social science#Law, science and as the art of justice. State-enforced laws can be made by a group legislature or by a single legislator, resulting in statutes; by the executive through decrees and regulations; or established by judges through precedent, usually in common law jurisdictions. Private individuals may create legally binding contracts, including arbitration agreements that adopt Alternative dispute resolution, alternative ways of resolving disputes to standard court litigation. The creation of laws themselves may be influenced by a constitution, written or tacit, and the rights encoded therein. The law shapes politics, economics, history and society in various ways and serves as a mediator of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lao Buhaan Inscription
__NOTOC__ Lao may refer to: Laos * Something of, from, or related to Laos, a country in Southeast Asia * Lao people (people from Laos, or of Lao descent) * The Lao language * Lao script, the writing system used to write the Lao language ** Lao (Unicode block), a block of Lao characters in Unicode * LAO, the international vehicle registration code for Laos Other places * Mount Lao (), Qingdao, China * Lao River, Italy, a river of southern Italy * Lao River, Thailand, a tributary of the Kok River in Thailand * Lao, Bhutan * Lao, Estonia, village in Tõstamaa Parish, Pärnu County * Lao, Togo * LAO, IATA code of Laoag International Airport in the Philippines Philosophers * Laozi or Lao-Tzu, philosopher and poet of ancient China. Other * Alternative spelling of Liu, common Chinese surname * Linear alpha olefin * California Legislative Analyst's Office * Legal Aid Ontario * Legislative Affairs Office * The material lanthanum aluminate, or LaAlO3 See also * Loa (other) L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wat Photaram Mural Detail - Vedsuvan Has Brought Koumphan Back To Life, But Koumphan Still Yearns For Soumountha
A wat ( km, វត្ត, ; lo, ວັດ, ; th, วัด, ; khb, 「ᩅᨯ᩠ᨰ」(waD+Dha); nod, 「ᩅ᩠ᨯ᩶」 （w+Da2)) is a type of Buddhist temple and Hindu temple in Cambodia, Laos, East Shan State, Yunnan, the Southern Province of Sri Lanka and Thailand. The word ''wat'' is a Thai word that was borrowed from Sanskrit ''vāṭa'' (Devanāgarī: वाट), meaning 'enclosure'. The term has varying meanings in each region, sometimes referring to a specific type of government-recognised or large temple, other times referring to any Buddhist or Hindu temple. Overview Strictly speaking, a ''wat'' is a Buddhist sacred precinct with vihara (quarters for bhikkhus), a temple, an edifice housing a large image of Buddha and a facility for lessons. A site without a minimum of three resident ''bhikkhu''s cannot correctly be described as a wat although the term is frequently used more loosely, even for ruins of ancient temples. As a transitive or intransitive verb, ''w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nong Bua Lamphu Province
Nong Bua Lamphu ( th, หนองบัวลำภู, , ) is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (''changwat'') lies in upper northeastern Thailand also called Isan. Neighbouring provinces are (from north clockwise) Udon Thani, Khon Kaen, and Loei. Geography Nong Bua Lamphu is in the heart of the Khorat Plateau. The total forest area is , or 11.7 percent of the area of the province. National parks There is one national park and one national park (preparation), along with five other national parks, make up region 10 (Udon Thani) of Thailand's protected areas. * Phu Kao–Phu Phan Kham National Park, * Phu Hin Chom That–Phu Phra Bat National Park, Paleontological remains ''Chalawan'', an extinct genus of crocodylin, is known solely from its holotype collected in the early-1980s from a road-cut near the town of Nong Bua Lam Phu, in the upper part of the Phu Kradung Formation. This single specimen is the most well preserved vertebrate fossil that has been found f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Klon (poetry)
The ''klon'', also spelled ''glawn'' or ''gaun'' ( th, กลอน, ; lo, ກອນ, ), is a Thai/ Lao term referring to either poetic verse in general, or a specific prosodic form in Thai and Lao poetry. Thai In the narrow meaning of the term, the ''klon'' is a more recently developed form of Thai poetry where a stanza has four ''wak'' (lines), each with the same number of syllables. It became the most popular form during the early Rattanakosin period, and is usually considered an original Thai form, as opposed to older forms such as ''kap'' which originated from Indic or Cambodian poetry. Reproduced form The ''klon'' metres are named by the number of syllables in a ''wak'', e.g. ''klon hok'' (, ) has six syllables per ''wak'' (''hok'' means ''six''). All metres have the same rhyming scheme, and there are also requirements on the tone of the final syllable of each ''wak''. The ''klon'' is also divided into several types according to their manner of composition, with ''klon suphap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theravada Buddhism
''Theravāda'' () ( si, ථේරවාදය, my, ထေရဝါဒ, th, เถรวาท, km, ថេរវាទ, lo, ເຖຣະວາດ, pi, , ) is the most commonly accepted name of Buddhism's oldest existing school. The school's adherents, termed Theravādins, have preserved their version of Gautama Buddha's teaching or ''Dharma (Buddhism), Buddha Dhamma'' in the Pāli Canon for over two millennia. The Pāli Canon is the most complete Buddhist canon surviving in a Indo-Aryan languages, classical Indian language, Pali, Pāli, which serves as the school's sacred language and ''lingua franca''.Crosby, Kate (2013), ''Theravada Buddhism: Continuity, Diversity, and Identity'', p. 2. In contrast to ''Mahāyāna'' and ''Vajrayāna'', Theravāda tends to be conservative in matters of doctrine (''pariyatti'') and monastic discipline (''vinaya''). One element of this conservatism is the fact that Theravāda rejects the authenticity of the Mahayana sutras (which appeared c. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thakhek
Thakhek (Lao language: ທ່າແຂກ), the capital of Khammouane Province, is a town in south-central Laos on the Mekong River. The Third Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge, linking Thakhek and Nakhon Phanom, Thailand, across the river, started in 2009 and was opened on 11 November 2011. The city has many French colonial style official buildings, villas, and shops. In 1943, 85% of the population of Thakhek were Vietnamese due to the French policy of encouraging Vietnamese immigrants to Laos. Remnants of the abortive Thakhek-Tan Ap railway can be seen in and near the town. The railway would have run between Thakhek and Tân Ấp Railway Station, Quảng Bình Province, Vietnam through the Mụ Giạ Pass. Western scientists first encountered the Laotian rock rat The Laotian rock rat or ''kha-nyou'' (''Laonastes aenigmamus'', Lao: ຂະຍຸ), sometimes called the "rat-squirrel", is a species of rodent found in the Khammouan region of Laos. The species was first described ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lan Xang
existed as a unified kingdom from 1353 to 1707. For three and a half centuries, Lan Xang was one of the largest kingdoms in Southeast Asia. The meaning of the kingdom's name alludes to the power of the kingship and formidable war machine of the early kingdom. The kingdom is the precursor for the country of Laos and the basis for its national historic and cultural identity. Historical overview Origins The geography Lan Xang would occupy had been originally settled by indigenous Austroasiatic-speaking tribes, such as Khmuic peoples and Vietic peoples which gave rise to the Bronze Age cultures in Ban Chiang (today part of Isan, Thailand) and the Đông Sơn culture as well as Iron Age peoples near Xiangkhoang Plateau on the Plain of Jars, Funan, and Chenla (near Vat Phou in Champasak Province). The Han dynasty's chronicles of the southward expansion of the Han dynasty provide the first written accounts of Tai–Kadai speaking peoples or ''Ai Lao'' who inhabited the areas o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fak Kham Script
The Fakkham script ( th, อักษรฝักขาม, "''Tamarind pod-script''") or Thai Lanna script is a Brahmic script, used historically in the Lan Na Kingdom. The script was frequently used in Lan Na stone inscriptions. Origin The Fakkham script, was derived from the old Sukhothai script (also known as ''Proto-Thai script''), and used extensively in Lan Na between the beginning of the 15th century and the end of the 16th century. The Fakkham script was possibly introduced to Lan Na by a religious mission from Sukhothai. The script was named after its similarity to the shape of tamarind pods, because the letters became elongated and somewhat more angular rather than square and perpendicular like its ancestor the Sukhothai script. Several letters had noticeable "tails" extending above and below the main writing line. History The Fakkham script was used extensively in the territories controlled by the kings of Chiang Mai, the Lan Na kingdom, between the beginning of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pallava Script
The Pallava script or Pallava Grantha, is a Brahmic scripts, Brahmic script, named after the Pallava dynasty of South India, attested since the 4th century AD. As epigrapher Arlo Griffiths makes clear, however, the term is misleading as not all of the relevant scripts referred to have a connection with the Pallava dynasty. He instead advocates that these scripts be called 'late Southern Brāhmī' scripts. In India, Pallava script evolved into the Tamil script, Tamil and Grantha script. Pallava Indianization of Southeast Asia, spread to Southeast Asia and evolved into local scripts such as Balinese script, Balinese, Baybayin, Javanese script, Javanese, Kawi alphabet, Kawi, Khmer alphabet, Khmer, Tai Tham alphabet, Lanna, Lao alphabet, Lao, Mon–Burmese script, Mon–Burmese, New Tai Lue alphabet, Sundanese script, Sundanese, and the Thai alphabet, Thai A proposal to encode the script in Unicode was submitted in 2018. History During the rule of Pallavas, the script accompanied pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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