Surya Bonaly
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Surya Bonaly
Surya Varuna Claudine Bonaly (born 15 December 1973) is a French-born retired competitive figure skater. She is a three-time World silver medalist (1993–1995), a five-time European champion (1991–1995), the 1991 World Junior Champion, and a nine-time French national champion (1989–1997). Bonaly is the only Olympic figure skater to land a backflip on one blade; she performed it at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan. Early life Surya Varuna Claudine Bonaly was born in Nice, France, on 15 December 1973. She was initially named Claudine and placed in an orphanage by her birth mother. She was adopted at eight months by Suzanne and Georges Bonaly, who named her Surya, meaning "the sun" in Sanskrit. Suzanne worked as a physical education teacher and Georges as an architect. In the late 1980s, journalists claimed that Surya Bonaly was born in Réunion, an island off the coast of Madagascar, and was found lying on a coconut-strewn beach. However, the skater's passport d ...
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Nice
Nice ( , ; Niçard: , classical norm, or , nonstandard, ; it, Nizza ; lij, Nissa; grc, Νίκαια; la, Nicaea) is the prefecture of the Alpes-Maritimes department in France. The Nice agglomeration extends far beyond the administrative city limits, with a population of nearly 1 millionDemographia: World Urban Areas
, Demographia.com, April 2016
on an area of . Located on the , the southeastern coast of France on the , at the foot of the

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European Figure Skating Championships
The European Figure Skating Championships is an annual figure skating competition in which figure skaters compete for the title of European champion. Medals are awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. The event is sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU) and is the sport's oldest competition. The first European Championships was held in 1891 in Hamburg, Germany and featured one segment, compulsory figures, with seven competitors, all men from Germany and Austria. It has been, other than five periods, held continuously since 1891, and has been sanctioned by the ISU since 1893. Women were allowed to compete for the first time in 1930, which is also the first time pairs skating was added to the competition. Ice dance was added in 1954. Only eligible skaters from ISU member countries in Europe can compete, and skaters must have reached at least the age of 15 before July 1 preceding the competition. ISU member count ...
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Nagano (city)
is the capital and largest city of Nagano Prefecture, located in the Nagano Basin (Zenkoji Daira) in the central Chūbu region of Japan. Nagano is categorized as a core city of Japan. Nagano City is the highest prefectural capital in Japan, with an altitude of . The city is surrounded by mountains, the highest of which is Mount Takatsuma (2,353m), and is near the confluence of the Chikuma River - the longest and widest river in Japan - and the Sai River. , the city had an estimated population of 370,632 in 160,625 households, and a population density of 444 persons per km2. The total area of the city is . Overview Nagano City, located in the former Shinano Province, developed from the Nara period (AD 710 to 794) as a temple town (''monzen machi''). The city of Nagano is home to Zenkō-ji, a 7th-century Buddhist temple that is listed as a Japanese national treasure. Zenkō-ji was established in its current location in 642 AD. The location of Zenkō-ji is approximately 2 kilometer ...
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1998 Winter Olympics
The 1998 Winter Olympics, officially known as the and commonly known as Nagano 1998 ( ja, 長野1998), was a winter multi-sport event held from 7 to 22 February 1998, mainly in Nagano, Japan, with some events taking place in the nearby mountain communities of Hakuba, Karuizawa, Nozawa Onsen, and Yamanouchi. The city of Nagano had previously been a candidate to host the 1940 Winter Olympics (which were later cancelled), as well as the 1972 Winter Olympics, but had been eliminated at the national level by Sapporo on both occasions. Nagano was selected to host the 1998 Games on 15 June 1991, beating Salt Lake City, Östersund, Jaca, and Aosta. This was the second Winter Olympics to be held in Japan, and the third Olympic Games overall, after the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo and the 1972 Winter Olympics in Sapporo. The 1998 Winter Olympics were succeeded by the 1998 Winter Paralympics from 5 to 14 March. These were the final Winter Olympic ...
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Flip (acrobatic)
An acrobatic flip is a sequence of body movements in which a person leaps into the air and then rotates one or more times while airborne. Acrobatic flips are performed in acro dance, free running, gymnastics, cheerleading, high jumping, tricking (martial arts), goal celebrations and various other activities. This is in contrast to freestyle BMX flips, in which a person revolves in the air about a bicycle. Acrobatic flips can be started from a stationary, standing position and they are also commonly executed immediately following another rotational move, such as a roundoff or handspring, so as to take advantage of the angular momentum developed in the preceding move. In general, the hands do not touch the floor during execution of a flip and performers typically strive to land on the feet in an upright position, but it is not required to be considered a flip. Classification Many variations of flips exist, with usage depending on the particular type of activity. In gymnastics, fo ...
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French Figure Skating Championships
The French Figure Skating Championships (french: Championnat de France Elite) are a figure skating national championship held annually to determine the national champions of France. Medals are awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Skaters compete at the senior level. National-level competitions for juniors and novices are held separately. Senior medalists Men Ladies Pairs Ice dancing Junior medalists Men Ladies Pairs Ice dancing Advanced novice medalists Ice dancing References Sources * Du Bief, Raymonde. ''Le Patinage, "Sport d'Élite"''. Paris, France: Éditeurs Vigot Frères, 1948. * "Foreign News", ''Skating'' magazine, Mar 1959 External links Fédération Français des Sports de Glace Commission Sportive Nationale de Danse sur Glace {{Commons category, French Figure Skating Championships Figure skating in France Figure skating national championships Figure Skating Figure skating is a ...
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Figure Skater
Figure skating is a sport in which individuals, pairs, or groups perform on figure skates on ice. It was the first winter sport to be included in the Olympic Games, when contested at the 1908 Olympics in London. The Olympic disciplines are men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance; the four individual disciplines are also combined into a team event, first included in the Winter Olympics in 2014. The non-Olympic disciplines include synchronized skating, Theater on Ice, and four skating. From intermediate through senior-level competition, skaters generally perform two programs (the short program and the free skate), which, depending on the discipline, may include spins, jumps, moves in the field, lifts, throw jumps, death spirals, and other elements or moves. Figure skaters compete at various levels from beginner up to the Olympic level (senior) at local, regional, sectional, national, and international competitions. The International Skating Union (IS ...
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1991 World Junior Figure Skating Championships
The 1991 World Junior Figure Skating Championships were held from November 27 to December 2, 1990 in Budapest, Hungary. The event was sanctioned by the International Skating Union and open to ISU member nations. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of Single skating, men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Medal table Competition notes Due to the large number of participants, the men and ladies had to qualify to participate in short program and free skating. Reunified in 1990, Germany had a special arrangement in number of participants based on the results of West Germany and East Germany in 1990. Results Men Ladies Pairs Ice dancing References

* German figure skating magazin “Pirouette” 25th year's issues, January 1991, No. 1 {{ISU Championships Figure skating World Junior Figure Skating Championships 1990 in figure skating 1991 in figure skating, World Junior Figure Skating Championships, 1991 1990 in Hungarian sport, F Internatio ...
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World Junior Figure Skating Championships
The World Junior Figure Skating Championships (''"World Juniors"'' or ''"Junior Worlds"'') is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union in which figure skaters within a designated age range compete for the title of World Junior champion. The ISU guidelines for junior eligibility have varied throughout the years – currently, skaters must be at least 13 years old but not yet 19 before the previous 1 July, except for men competing in pair skating and ice dancing where the age maximum is 21. This event is one of the four annual ISU figure skating Championships and is considered the most prestigious international competition for juniors. Medals are awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. History The first World Junior Championships were held in March 1976 in Megève, France, and were originally named the "ISU Junior Figure Skating Championships". In 1977 the championships were held ag ...
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1996 European Figure Skating Championships
The 1996 European Figure Skating Championships was a senior-level international competition held in Sofia, Bulgaria. Elite skaters from European ISU member nations competed in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Results Men Ladies Pairs Ice dancing References External links 1996 European Figure Skating Championships {{1995–1996 in figure skating European Figure Skating Championships, 1996 European Figure Skating Championships International figure skating competitions hosted by Bulgaria European Figure Skating Championships The European Figure Skating Championships is an annual figure skating competition in which figure skaters compete for the title of European champion. Medals are awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, an ... Sports competitions in Sofia 1990s in Sofia ...
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1995 European Figure Skating Championships
The 1995 European Figure Skating Championships was a senior-level international competition held in Dortmund, Germany. Elite skaters from European ISU member nations competed in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Competition notes Surya Bonaly won her fifth consecutive European title, having executed seven triple jumps, including a rare triple lutz, triple toe loop combination. Susanna Rahkamo / Petri Kokko were the first Finns to win the European Championships, with the next title won by Laura Lepistö in ladies' singles in 2009. 17-year-old Ilia Kulik Ilia Alexandrovich Kulik (; born 23 May 1977) is a Russian figure skater. He is the 1998 Olympic Champion, the 1995 European Champion, the 1997–1998 Grand Prix Final champion, and the 1995 World Junior champion. Career Kulik began skating ... placed first in the short program and held off reigning Olympic champion Alexei Urmanov to finish first overall. Results ...
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1994 European Figure Skating Championships
The 1994 European Figure Skating Championships was a senior-level international competition held in Copenhagen, Denmark. Elite skaters from European ISU member nations competed in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing Ice dance (sometimes referred to as ice dancing) is a discipline of figure skating that historically draws from ballroom dancing. It joined the World Figure Skating Championships in 1952, and became a Winter Olympic Games medal sport in 1976. A .... Results Men Ladies Pairs Ice dancing References External links * https://web.archive.org/web/20081026042005/http://www.eskatefans.com/skatabase/euromen1990.html * http://eiskunstlaufecke.com/archiv/1993-94/eem94.shtml {{European Figure Skating Championships European Figure Skating Championships, 1994 European Figure Skating Championships, 1994 European Figure Skating Championships Figure skating in Denmark January 1994 sports events in Europe 1990s in C ...
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