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Semimytilus Algosus
''Semimytilus algosus'' is a species of mussels. A common name for this species is Bisexual mussel, or Dwarf mussel. It is the first species where trioecy was reported in the phylum Mollusca. Size Individuals can be up to 42 mm or 50 mm in size. Reproduction The species reproduces sexually. In the past this species was described as simultaneous hermaphroditic but it was later confirmed the species is trioecious. It is believed this species evolved from a gonochoric ancestor. Occurrence Its habitat is rocky shores. The species has been found off the coasts of South Africa and is native to Chile. The species is also invasive off the coast of Angola and Namibia Namibia (, ), officially the Republic of Namibia, is a country in Southern Africa. Its western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Zambia and Angola to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and ea .... References Mytilidae {{Improve categories, da ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modiolus (bivalve)
''Modiolus'', the horsemussels, are a genus of medium-sized Marine (ocean), marine bivalve molluscs in the family (biology), family Mytilidae. Fossil record Fossils of species within this very ancient genus can be found in sediments from the Devonian period to recent (age range: 409.1 to 0.0 Ma). Species Species within the genus ''Modiolus'' include: * ''Modiolus adriaticus'' (Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, Lamarck, 1819) * ''Modiolus albicostus'' (Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, Lamarck, 1819) * ''Modiolus americanus'' (Leach, 1815) - tulip mussel * ''Modiolus areolatus'' (Gould, 1850) * ''Modiolus auriculatus'' (Krauss, 1848) * ''Modiolus aurum'' Osorio Ruiz, 1979 * ''Modiolus barbatus'' (Carl Linnaeus, Linnaeus, 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 1758) - bearded horsemussel * ''Modiolus capax'' (Timothy Abbott Conrad, Conrad, 1837) - fat horsemussel * ''Modiolus carpenteri'' (Soot-Ryen, 1963) - California horsemussel * ''Modiolus carvalhoi'' Klappenbach, 1966 * ''Modiolus ceci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mytilus (bivalve)
''Mytilus'' is a Cosmopolitan distribution, cosmopolitan genus of medium to large-sized edible, mainly Saline water, saltwater mussels, marine (ocean), marine bivalve molluscs in the family (biology), family Mytilidae. Description Mussels have a gray to blue-purple, fully grown shell about 5 - 10 centimeters long with an elongated oval shape. They follow the general blueprint of the mussels. They consist of a right and left half of the shell, which are held together with an elastic lock strap (ligament). The shell is made up of 3 layers: the top layer of organic material (periostracum), the middle thick layer of lime (ostracum) and the innermost, valuable, silver-white shiny mother-of-pearl layer (hypostracum). In the shell of the mussel there are two gills with gill leaves that are well supplied with blood. Between the gills is a muscular foot with the byssus gland. With the help of the protein contained in the mussel and iron filtered from the sea, this gland produces the by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mussel
Mussel () is the common name used for members of several families of bivalve molluscs, from saltwater and Freshwater bivalve, freshwater habitats. These groups have in common a shell whose outline is elongated and asymmetrical compared with other edible clams, which are often more or less rounded or oval. The word "mussel" is frequently used to mean the bivalves of the marine family Mytilidae, most of which live on exposed shores in the intertidal zone, attached by means of their strong Byssus, byssal threads ("beard") to a firm substrate. A few species (in the genus ''Bathymodiolus'') have colonised hydrothermal vents associated with deep ocean ridges. In most marine mussels the shell is longer than it is wide, being wedge-shaped or asymmetrical. The external colour of the shell is often dark blue, blackish, or brown, while the interior is silvery and somewhat nacreous. The common name "mussel" is also used for many freshwater bivalves, including the freshwater pearl mussels. F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Name
In biology, a common name of a taxon or organism (also known as a vernacular name, English name, colloquial name, country name, popular name, or farmer's name) is a name that is based on the normal language of everyday life; and is often contrasted with the scientific name for the same organism, which is Latinized. A common name is sometimes frequently used, but that is not always the case. In chemistry, IUPAC defines a common name as one that, although it unambiguously defines a chemical, does not follow the current systematic naming convention, such as acetone, systematically 2-propanone, while a vernacular name describes one used in a lab, trade or industry that does not unambiguously describe a single chemical, such as copper sulfate, which may refer to either copper(I) sulfate or copper(II) sulfate. Sometimes common names are created by authorities on one particular subject, in an attempt to make it possible for members of the general public (including such interested par ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trioecy
Trioecy, or subdioecy, is a rare sexual system characterized by the coexistence of males, females, and hermaphrodites. It has been found in both plants and animals. Trioecy is sometimes referred to as a mixed mating system alongside androdioecy and gynodioecy. Evolution of trioecy Many speculate trioecy is a transient state and is often associated with evolutionary transitioning from gynodioecy to dioecy. Other studies show that trioecious populations originated from gonochoristic ancestors which were invaded by a mutant selfing hermaphrodite, creating a trioecious population. It has been suggested that chromosomal duplication is an important part in the evolution of trioecy. Evolutionary stability Trioecy is usually viewed as evolutionarily unstable, but its exact stability is unclear. Like in brachiopod species trioecy usually breaks into androdioecy or gynodioecy. But one study found that trioecy can be stable under nucleocytoplasmic sex determination. Another theoretical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sexual Reproduction
Sexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that involves a complex life cycle in which a gamete ( haploid reproductive cells, such as a sperm or egg cell) with a single set of chromosomes combines with another gamete to produce a zygote that develops into an organism composed of cells with two sets of chromosomes ( diploid). This is typical in animals, though the number of chromosome sets and how that number changes in sexual reproduction varies, especially among plants, fungi, and other eukaryotes. Sexual reproduction is the most common life cycle in multicellular eukaryotes, such as animals, fungi and plants. Sexual reproduction also occurs in some unicellular eukaryotes. Sexual reproduction does not occur in prokaryotes, unicellular organisms without cell nuclei, such bacteria and archaea. However, some process in bacteria may be considered analogous to sexual reproduction in that they incorporate new genetic information, including bacterial conjugation, transformatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simultaneous Hermaphroditism
Simultaneous hermaphroditism is one of the two types of Hermaphrodite, hermaphroditism, the other type being sequential hermaphroditism. In this form of hermaphroditism an individual has Sex organ, sex organs of both Sex, sexes and can produce both gamete types even in the same breeding season. The distinction between simultaneous hermaphroditism and sequential hermaphroditism isn’t always clear. But unlike sequential hermaphrodites, simultaneous hermaphrodites are both male and female at sexual maturity. Also Sex-determination system, sex determination does not apply to simultaneous hermaphrodites (except in species with mix mating systems). In simultaneous hermaphrodites, Autogamy, self-fertilization is possible in some species, where in others it is absent. Plants Most plants are simultaneous hermaphrodites with it occurring in 80% of Flowering plant, angiosperms. Animals Simultaneous hermaphroditism is one of the most common Sexual system, sexual systems in animals. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trioecy
Trioecy, or subdioecy, is a rare sexual system characterized by the coexistence of males, females, and hermaphrodites. It has been found in both plants and animals. Trioecy is sometimes referred to as a mixed mating system alongside androdioecy and gynodioecy. Evolution of trioecy Many speculate trioecy is a transient state and is often associated with evolutionary transitioning from gynodioecy to dioecy. Other studies show that trioecious populations originated from gonochoristic ancestors which were invaded by a mutant selfing hermaphrodite, creating a trioecious population. It has been suggested that chromosomal duplication is an important part in the evolution of trioecy. Evolutionary stability Trioecy is usually viewed as evolutionarily unstable, but its exact stability is unclear. Like in brachiopod species trioecy usually breaks into androdioecy or gynodioecy. But one study found that trioecy can be stable under nucleocytoplasmic sex determination. Another theoretical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gonochorism
In biology, gonochorism is a sexual system where there are only two Sex, sexes and each individual organism is either male or female. The term gonochorism is usually applied in animal species, the vast majority of which are gonochoric. Gonochorism contrasts with Hermaphrodite, simultaneous hermaphroditism but it may be hard to tell if a species is gonochoric or sequentially hermaphroditic. (e.g. Parrotfish, ''Patella ferruginea''). However, in gonochoric species individuals remain either male or female throughout their lives. Species that reproduce by Thelytokous, thelytokous parthenogenesis and do not have males can still be classified as gonochoric. Terminology The term is derived from Greek language, Greek (''gone'', generation) + (''chorizein,'' to separate). The term gonochorism originally came from German gonochorismus. Gonochorism is also referred to as unisexualism or gonochory. Evolution Gonochorism has Convergent evolution, evolved independently multiple time ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe; and to the east and northeast by Mozambique and Eswatini. It also completely enclaves the country Lesotho. It is the southernmost country on the mainland of the Old World, and the second-most populous country located entirely south of the equator, after Tanzania. South Africa is a biodiversity hotspot, with unique biomes, plant and animal life. With over 60 million people, the country is the world's 24th-most populous nation and covers an area of . South Africa has three capital cities, with the executive, judicial and legislative branches of government based in Pretoria, Bloemfontein, and Cape Town respectively. The largest city is Johannesburg. About 80% of the population are Black South Afri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chile
Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Chile covers an area of , with a population of 17.5 million as of 2017. It shares land borders with Peru to the north, Bolivia to the north-east, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far south. Chile also controls the Pacific islands of Juan Fernández, Isla Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas, and Easter Island in Oceania. It also claims about of Antarctica under the Chilean Antarctic Territory. The country's capital and largest city is Santiago, and its national language is Spanish. Spain conquered and colonized the region in the mid-16th century, replacing Inca rule, but failing to conquer the independent Mapuche who inhabited what is now south-central Chile. In 1818, after declaring in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angola
, national_anthem = " Angola Avante"() , image_map = , map_caption = , capital = Luanda , religion = , religion_year = 2020 , religion_ref = , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , official_languages = Portuguese , languages2_type = National languages , languages2 = , ethnic_groups = , ethnic_groups_ref = , ethnic_groups_year = 2000 , demonym = , government_type = Unitary dominant-party presidential republic , leader_title1 = President , leader_name1 = João Lourenço , leader_title2 = Vice President , leader_name2 = Esperança da CostaInvestidura do Pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
