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Stoffel Muller
Stoffel Muller (1776 – 3 August 1833) was a Dutchman who led a small Protestant sect in the early nineteenth century. Known as the Zwijndrechtse nieuwlichters, the sect was later said to have had a communist ideology; it resisted civil government and held property commonly. Biography Muller was born on 16 February 1776 in Puttershoek. His father was a sailor and Muller accompanied him frequently; after the death of his father, he worked as a skipper. He married Helena Groenendijk (died 1853) and had three sons with her. Muller was raised in a strict religious environment and joined the Protestant church as a member ("''lidmaat''") in 1793. According to family lore he fell ill in Emden on one of his journeys and had to stay there a while to convalesce; during that time he came under the influence of the Lutheran Pietism. He was reputed to have had a religious experience in 1816 during a nightly walk, which was to inform his theology. Afterward, he became estranged from his fami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stoffel Muller
Stoffel Muller (1776 – 3 August 1833) was a Dutchman who led a small Protestant sect in the early nineteenth century. Known as the Zwijndrechtse nieuwlichters, the sect was later said to have had a communist ideology; it resisted civil government and held property commonly. Biography Muller was born on 16 February 1776 in Puttershoek. His father was a sailor and Muller accompanied him frequently; after the death of his father, he worked as a skipper. He married Helena Groenendijk (died 1853) and had three sons with her. Muller was raised in a strict religious environment and joined the Protestant church as a member ("''lidmaat''") in 1793. According to family lore he fell ill in Emden on one of his journeys and had to stay there a while to convalesce; during that time he came under the influence of the Lutheran Pietism. He was reputed to have had a religious experience in 1816 during a nightly walk, which was to inform his theology. Afterward, he became estranged from his fami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protestant
Protestantism is a Christian denomination, branch of Christianity that follows the theological tenets of the Reformation, Protestant Reformation, a movement that began seeking to reform the Catholic Church from within in the 16th century against what its followers perceived to be growing Criticism of the Catholic Church, errors, abuses, and discrepancies within it. Protestantism emphasizes the Christian believer's justification by God in faith alone (') rather than by a combination of faith with good works as in Catholicism; the teaching that Salvation in Christianity, salvation comes by Grace in Christianity, divine grace or "unmerited favor" only ('); the Universal priesthood, priesthood of all faithful believers in the Church; and the ''sola scriptura'' ("scripture alone") that posits the Bible as the sole infallible source of authority for Christian faith and practice. Most Protestants, with the exception of Anglo-Papalism, reject the Catholic doctrine of papal supremacy, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epistle To The Romans
The Epistle to the Romans is the sixth book in the New Testament, and the longest of the thirteen Pauline epistles. Biblical scholars agree that it was composed by Paul the Apostle to explain that salvation is offered through the gospel of Jesus Christ. Romans was likely written while Paul was staying in the house of Gaius in Corinth. The epistle was probably transcribed by Paul's amanuensis Tertius and is dated AD late 55 to early 57. Consisting of 16 chapters, versions with only the first 14 or 15 chapters circulated early. Some of these recensions lacked all reference to the original audience of Christians in Rome making it very general in nature. Other textual variants include subscripts explicitly mentioning Corinth as the place of composition and name Phoebe, a deacon of the church in Cenchreae, as the messenger who took the epistle to Rome. Prior to composing the epistle, Paul had evangelized the areas surrounding the Aegean Sea and was eager to take the gospel fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cult Leaders
In modern English, ''cult'' is usually a pejorative term for a social group that is defined by its unusual religious, spiritual, or philosophical beliefs and rituals, or its common interest in a particular personality, object, or goal. This sense of the term is controversial and weakly defined—having divergent definitions both in popular culture and academia—and has also been an ongoing source of contention among scholars across several fields of study. Richardson, James T. 1993. "Definitions of Cult: From Sociological-Technical to Popular-Negative." ''Review of Religious Research'' 34(4):348–56. . . An older sense of the word involves a set of religious devotional practices that are conventional within their culture, related to a particular figure, and often associated with a particular place. References to the "cult" of a particular Catholic saint, or the imperial cult of ancient Rome, for example, use this sense of the word. While the literal and original sense of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1833 Deaths
Events January–March * January 3 – Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic. * February 6 – His Royal Highness Prince Otto Friedrich Ludwig of Bavaria assumes the title His Majesty Othon the First, by the Grace of God, King of Greece, Prince of Bavaria. * February 16 – The United States Supreme Court hands down its landmark decision of Barron v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore. * March 4 – Andrew Jackson is sworn in for his second term as President of the United States. April–June * April 1 – General Antonio López de Santa Anna is elected President of Mexico by the legislatures of 16 of the 18 Mexican states. During his frequent absences from office to fight on the battlefield, Santa Anna turns the duties of government over to his vice president, Valentín Gómez Farías. * April 18 – Over 300 delegates from England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland travel to the office of the Prime Minister, the Earl Grey, to cal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1776 Births
Events January–February * January 1 – American Revolutionary War – Burning of Norfolk: The town of Norfolk, Virginia is destroyed, by the combined actions of the British Royal Navy and occupying Patriot forces. * January 10 – American Revolution – Thomas Paine publishes his pamphlet ''Common Sense'', arguing for independence from British rule in the Thirteen Colonies. * January 20 – American Revolution – South Carolina Loyalists led by Robert Cunningham sign a petition from prison, agreeing to all demands for peace by the formed state government of South Carolina. * January 24 – American Revolution – Henry Knox arrives at Cambridge, Massachusetts, with the artillery that he has transported from Fort Ticonderoga. * February 17 – Edward Gibbon publishes the first volume of ''The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire''. * February 27 – American Revolution – Battle of Moore's Creek Bridge: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthur Van Schendel
Arthur van Schendel (15 March 1874 in Batavia, Dutch East Indies – 11 September 1946 in Amsterdam) was a Dutch writer of novels and short stories. One of his best known works is ''Het fregatschip Johanna Maria''. His son Arthur F.E. van Schendel (1910–1979) was General Director of the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam from 1959–1975. Prizes *1931 – C.W. van der Hoogtprijs for ''Het fregatschip Johanna Maria'' *1933 – Tollensprijs The Tollens-Fonds ("Tollens foundation)" is a Dutch organization named for poet Hendrik Tollens (1780–1856). The organization awards a notable literary prize, the Tollens Prize and till 2008 also the Jacobson Prize. Tollens Prize The Tollens Pri ... for his entire oeuvre *1947 – P.C. Hooftprijs for ''Het oude huis'' Bibliography * 1896 – ''Drogon'' * 1904 – ''Een zwerver verliefd'' (A Wanderer in Love) * 1907 – ''Een zwerver verdwaald'' (A Lost Wanderer) * 1908 – ''De schoone jacht'' (The beautiful hunt) * 1910 – ''Shakespeare'' * 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Hendrik Maronier
Jan Hendrik Maronier (Rotterdam, June 16, 1827 – Renkum, November 29, 1920) was a Dutch pastor and writer. Personal life Maronier was born in Rotterdam in 1827 as the son of the accountant Jan Hendrikszoon Maronier and Susanna Maria van Lil. He married Aletta Nijhoff, daughter of the bookseller, publisher and historian Isaac Anne Nijhoff and of Martina Cornelia Houtkamp, on 20 July 1853 in Arnhem.His father-in-law Isaac Anne Nijhoff was not only a bookseller and publisher, but also an author and historian. He wrote a six-volume work on the history of Gelderland (the first five volumes appeared in the period 1830 to 1851, the sixth volume appeared posthumously in 1875). from ''Gedenkwaardigheden uit de Geschiedenis van Gelderland door onuitgegevene oorkonden opgehelderd en bevestigd''. He died in November 1920 at the age of 93 in Renkum. His son, Jan Hendrik was curator of the Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies. Education and career He stud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Remonstrants
The Remonstrants (or the Remonstrant Brotherhood) is a Protestant movement that had split from the Dutch Reformed Church in the early 17th century. The early Remonstrants supported Jacobus Arminius, and after his death, continued to maintain his original views called Arminianism against the proponents of Calvinism. Condemned by the synod of Dort (1618–19), the Remonstrants remained in a small minority in the Netherlands. In the middle of the 19th century, the Remonstrant Brotherhood was influenced by the liberal Dutch theological movement. History Foundation In formulating Arminianism, Jacobus Arminius disagreed with Calvin, especially on predestination. He defended free examination as superior to the doctrines of established churches. In 1610, Arminius followers presented to the States of Holland and Friesland the ''Five Articles of Remonstrance'' formulating their points of disagreement with Calvinism as adopted by the Dutch Reformed Church. Supporters of Arminius were c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louise Sophie Blussé
Louise Sophie Blussé (pen name, D.N. Anagrapheus; 12 January 1801 – 1 April 1896) was a Dutch writer. Born in Leiden in 1801, Blussé was the daughter of Abraham Blussé and Jeanne Petronella Maizonnet. Her father was an editor and school inspector, and a proponent of the Walloon church. Blussé married the historian and archaeologist Caspar Reuvens in Leiden on 19 July 1822. They had three children. After the death of Reuvens in 1835, Blussé lived with her parents' family in Leiden, and they collaborated on the creation of a pocket dictionary in two volumes, English-Dutch and Dutch-English, which were published in the years 1843 and 1845 respectively. Around 1860, Blussé met Maria Leer (died 1866), who was living in a Leiden almshouse. Leer had been one of the founders of '' Zwijndrechtse nieuwlichters'' ( Zwijndrecht New Lighters), a Dutch Protestant sect, which had established a commune within a boatbuilder's yard near Zwijndrecht earlier in the century. Blussé made no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leiden
Leiden (; in English and archaic Dutch also Leyden) is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. The municipality of Leiden has a population of 119,713, but the city forms one densely connected agglomeration with its suburbs Oegstgeest, Leiderdorp, Voorschoten and Zoeterwoude with 206,647 inhabitants. The Netherlands Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) further includes Katwijk in the agglomeration which makes the total population of the Leiden urban agglomeration 270,879, and in the larger Leiden urban area also Teylingen, Noordwijk, and Noordwijkerhout are included with in total 348,868 inhabitants. Leiden is located on the Oude Rijn, at a distance of some from The Hague to its south and some from Amsterdam to its north. The recreational area of the Kaag Lakes (Kagerplassen) lies just to the northeast of Leiden. A university city since 1575, Leiden has been one of Europe's most prominent scientific centres for more than four centuries. Leide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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