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St. Gall Priscian Glosses
The St. Gall Priscian Glosses (Codex Sangallensis 904), abbreviated Sg., is an Irish manuscript of the Latin grammar ''Institutiones grammaticae'' by Priscian, held by the Abbey Library of St. Gall. It contains 9412 glosses, including 3478 in Old Irish. Together with the Würzburg glosses on the Epistles of St Paul and the Milan glosses on a Commentary on the Psalms they provide the main source of Old Irish writing available today and thus serve as an important reference for linguistic research on Old Irish. Origin of manuscript The original ''Institutiones Grammaticae'' was written by Priscian between 526 and 527, and was subsequently used in Ireland to teach Latin grammar. Cod. Sang. 904 is one of four complete surviving manuscripts. It is thought to have been written around 845 ad. in Ireland, possibly in either Nendrum or Bangor, the original home of St. Gall. The manuscript was written by two scribes, as suggested by the second scribe's note at the beginning of his part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Institutiones Grammaticae
Priscianus Caesariensis (), commonly known as Priscian ( or ), was a Latin grammarian and the author of the ''Institutes of Grammar'', which was the standard textbook for the study of Latin during the Middle Ages. It also provided the raw material for the field of speculative grammar. Life The details of Priscian's life are largely unknown. Priscian was born and raised in the North-African city of Caesarea (modern Cherchell, Algeria), the capital of the Roman province of Mauretania Caesariensis, which during his lifetime would be under the control of the Vandalic Kingdom. According to Cassiodorus, he taught Latin at Constantinople in the early sixth century. His minor works include a panegyric to Anastasius (491—518), written about 512, which helps establish his time period. In addition, the manuscripts of his ''Institutes'' contain a subscription to the effect that the work was copied (526, 527) by Flavius Theodorus, a clerk in the imperial secretariat. Works Priscian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Priscian
Priscianus Caesariensis (), commonly known as Priscian ( or ), was a Latin grammarian and the author of the ''Institutes of Grammar'', which was the standard textbook for the study of Latin during the Middle Ages. It also provided the raw material for the field of speculative grammar. Life The details of Priscian's life are largely unknown. Priscian was born and raised in the North-African city of Caesarea (modern Cherchell, Algeria), the capital of the Roman province of Mauretania Caesariensis, which during his lifetime would be under the control of the Vandalic Kingdom. According to Cassiodorus, he taught Latin at Constantinople in the early sixth century. His minor works include a panegyric to Anastasius (491—518), written about 512, which helps establish his time period. In addition, the manuscripts of his ''Institutes'' contain a subscription to the effect that the work was copied (526, 527) by Flavius Theodorus, a clerk in the imperial secretariat. Works Priscian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abbey Library Of Saint Gall
The Abbey Library of Saint Gall (german: Stiftsbibliothek) is a significant medieval monastic library located in St. Gallen, Switzerland. In 1983, the library, as well as the Abbey of St. Gall, were designated a World Heritage Site, as “an outstanding example of a large Carolingian monastery and was, since the 8th century until its secularisation in 1805, one of the most important cultural centres in Europe”. History and architecture The library was founded by Saint Othmar, founder of the Abbey of St. Gall. During a fire in 937, the Abbey was destroyed, but the library remained intact. The library hall, designed by the architect Peter Thumb in a Rococo style, was constructed between 1758 and 1767. A Greek inscription above the entrance door, (), translates as "healing place for the soul". Collections The library collection is the oldest in Switzerland, and one of the earliest and most important monastic libraries in the world. The library holds almost 160,000 volumes, wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Irish
Old Irish, also called Old Gaelic ( sga, Goídelc, Ogham script: ᚌᚑᚔᚇᚓᚂᚉ; ga, Sean-Ghaeilge; gd, Seann-Ghàidhlig; gv, Shenn Yernish or ), is the oldest form of the Goidelic/Gaelic language for which there are extensive written texts. It was used from 600 to 900. The main contemporary texts are dated 700–850; by 900 the language had already transitioned into early Middle Irish. Some Old Irish texts date from the 10th century, although these are presumably copies of texts written at an earlier time. Old Irish is thus forebear to Modern Irish, Manx, and Scottish Gaelic. Old Irish is known for having a particularly complex system of morphology and especially of allomorphy (more or less unpredictable variations in stems and suffixes in differing circumstances) as well as a complex sound system involving grammatically significant consonant mutations to the initial consonant of a word. Apparently,It is difficult to know for sure, given how little Primit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nendrum Monastery
Nendrum Monastery was a Christian monastery on Mahee Island in Strangford Lough, County Down, Northern Ireland. Medieval records say it was founded in the 5th century, but this is uncertain. The monastery came to an end at some time between 974 and 1178, but its church served a parish until the site was abandoned in the 15th century. Some remains of the monastery can still be seen. History The island monastery of Nendrum was traditionally founded in the 5th century by Mochaoi, after whom Mahee Island is named, although a later date for the foundation has been suggested. Mo Chaoi, like the name of many Irish saints, is a pet name. His proper name was Caolán and according to tradition he was appointed by St. Patrick.Halpin, Andrew, & Conor Newman, ''Ireland: An Oxford Archaeological Guide to Sites from Earliest Times to AD 1600'' (Oxford University Press, 2006, , )pp. 99-100at books.google.comMacdonald, Philip, of Centre for Archaeological Fieldwork, Queen's University, Belfast, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bangor, County Down
Bangor ( ; ) is a city and seaside resort in County Down, Northern Ireland, on the southern side of Belfast Lough. It is within the Belfast metropolitan area and is 13 miles (22 km) east of Belfast city centre, to which it is linked by the A2 road and the Belfast–Bangor railway line. The population was 61,011 at the 2011 Census. Bangor was granted city status in 2022, becoming Northern Ireland's sixth city. Bangor Abbey was an important and influential monastery founded in the 6th century by Saint Comgall. Bangor grew during the 17th century Plantation of Ulster, when many Scottish settlers arrived. Today, tourism is important to the local economy, particularly in the summer months, and plans are being made for the long-delayed redevelopment of the seafront; a notable historical building in the city is Bangor Old Custom House. The largest plot of private land in the area, the Clandeboye Estate, which is a few miles from the city centre, belonged to the Marchi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint Gall
Gall ( la, Gallus; 550 646) according to hagiographic tradition was a disciple and one of the traditional twelve companions of Columbanus on his mission from Ireland to the continent. Deicolus was the elder brother of Gall. Biography The fragmentary oldest ''Life'' was recast in the 9th century by two monks of Reichenau, enlarged in 816–824 by Wettinus, and about 833–884 by Walafrid Strabo, who also revised a book of the miracles of the saint. Other works ascribed to Walafrid tell of Saint Gall in prose and verse. Gall's origin is a matter of dispute. According to his 9th-century biographers in Reichenau, he was from Ireland and entered Europe as a companion of Columbanus. The Irish origin of the historical Gallus was called into question by Hilty (2001), who proposed it as more likely that he was from the Vosges or Alsace region. Schär (2010) proposed that Gall may have been of Irish descent but born and raised in the Alsace. According to the 9th-century hagiograp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Insular Script
Insular script was a medieval script system originating from Ireland that spread to Anglo-Saxon England and continental Europe under the influence of Irish Christianity. Irish missionaries took the script to continental Europe, where they founded monasteries such as Bobbio. The scripts were also used in monasteries like Fulda, which were influenced by English missionaries. They are associated with Insular art, of which most surviving examples are illuminated manuscripts. It greatly influenced Irish orthography and modern Gaelic scripts in handwriting and typefaces. Insular script comprised a diverse family of scripts used for different functions. At the top of the hierarchy was the Insular half-uncial (or "Insular majuscule"), used for important documents and sacred text. The full uncial, in a version called "English uncial", was used in some English centres. Then "in descending order of formality and increased speed of writing" came "set minuscule", "cursive minuscule" and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ogham
Ogham (Modern Irish: ; mga, ogum, ogom, later mga, ogam, label=none ) is an Early Medieval alphabet used primarily to write the early Irish language (in the "orthodox" inscriptions, 4th to 6th centuries AD), and later the Old Irish language (scholastic ogham, 6th to 9th centuries). There are roughly 400 surviving orthodox inscriptions on stone monuments throughout Ireland and western Britain, the bulk of which are in southern Munster. The largest number outside Ireland are in Pembrokeshire, Wales. The vast majority of the inscriptions consist of personal names. According to the High Medieval ''Bríatharogam'', the names of various trees can be ascribed to individual letters. For this reason, ogam is sometimes known as the Celtic tree alphabet. The etymology of the word ''ogam'' or ''ogham'' remains unclear. One possible origin is from the Irish ''og-úaim'' 'point-seam', referring to the seam made by the point of a sharp weapon. Origins It is generally thought that th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Is Acher In Gaíth In-nocht
"Is acher in gaíth in-nocht..." is an anonymous 9th-century poem in Old Irish. The poem exists uniquely as a marginal entry in the Stiftsbibliothek MS 904 at the Abbey of St. Gallen in Switzerland, which is a copy of Priscian's ''Institutiones grammaticae'', heavily glossed in Old Irish. It was most likely written in Ireland in the (mid-?) 9th century, when Viking attacks on Irish monasteries, schools and churches were a regular occurrence. Irish singer and academic Pádraigín Ní Uallacháin arranged and recorded the poem in Copenhagen after visiting St. Gallen. It appears on her 2011 ''Songs of the Scribe'' studio album. Text The text of the poem is as follows: See also * Early Medieval Ireland 800–1166 References * Bruno Güterbock (1895), ''Aus irischen Handschriften in Turin Turin ( , Piedmontese language, Piedmontese: ; it, Torino ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in Northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Codex Sangallensis (other)
Codex Sangallensis (plural ''Codices Sangallenses'') is the designation of codices housed at the Abbey library of Saint Gall in St. Gallen. The codices are index with a continuous arabic number (up to four letters), many of the codices have been digitized through the-codicesproject in Switzerland with over 2000 of them freely available online. Notable Codices Sangallenses include: * Codex Sangallensis 18 (0130 on the list Gregory-Aland) — fragments of the Gospels of Mark and Luke in Greek; 9th century * Codex Sangallensis 22, the Golden Psalter of St. Gallen * Codex Sangallensis 48 (037 on the list Gregory-Aland) — four Gospels in Greek with only one lacunae; 9th/10th century * Codex Sangallensis 51 (48 on the list Beuron) — four Gospels in Latin; 8th century * Codex Sangallensis 53 – Also known as ''Evangelium Longum'', a book known mostly for its valuable covers. * Codex Sangallensis 56 — Diatessaron in Latin; 9th century; copy of the Codex Fuldensis * Codex Sang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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