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Sorghum Diseases
This article is a list of diseases of sorghum (''Sorghum bicolor''). Bacterial diseases Fungal diseases Nematodes, parasitic Phytoplasma and Viral diseases Insects Insect pests include: ;Root feeders *white grubs **''Holotrichia serrata'' **'' Lachnosterna consanguinea'' *wireworms (Elateridae, Tenebrionidae) *underground burrowing bugs, '' Stibaropus'' spp. *termites **''Odontotermes'' spp. **'' Microtermes'' sp. *ants **'' Monomorium salomonis'' **'' Pheidole sulcaticeps'' ;Seedling pests *shoot fly, ''Atherigona soccata'' *cutworm, ''Agrotis ipsilon'' ;Stem borers and leaf feeders *spotted stalk borer, ''Chilo partellus'' *pink borer, ''Sesamia inferens'' *armyworm, ''Mythimna separata'' *''Spodoptera exempta'' *caterpillars ''Amsacta albistriga'', '' Amsacta lactinea'', '' Euproctis virguncula'', ''Cnaphalocrocis patnalis'', and '' Mocis frugalis'' *chrysomelid leaf beetles '' Chaetocnema indica'', '' Longitarsus'' spp., and '' Phyllotreta chotonica'' *ash weevil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sorghum
''Sorghum'' () is a genus of about 25 species of flowering plants in the grass family (Poaceae). Some of these species are grown as cereals for human consumption and some in pastures for animals. One species is grown for grain, while many others are used as fodder plants, either cultivated in warm climates worldwide or naturalized in pasture lands. Taxonomy ''Sorghum'' is in the Poaceae (grass) subfamily Panicoideae and the tribe Andropogoneae (the same as maize, big bluestem and sugarcane). Species Accepted species recorded include: Distribution and habitat Seventeen of the 25 species are native to Australia, with the range of some extending to Africa, Asia, Mesoamerica, and certain islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Toxicity In the early stages of the plants' growth, some species of sorghum can contain levels of hydrogen cyanide, hordenine, and nitrates, which are lethal to grazing animals. Plants stressed by drought or heat can also contain toxic lev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claviceps Sorghi
''Claviceps sorghi'' is a fungal plant pathogen beloging to the phylum Ascomycota in the kingdom Fungi- its anamorphic phase is known as sphacelia sorghi. This species was first found in In India in 1915 and officically recorded in 1948 . The Claviceps genus is known for their infection of cereal and millet crops. This particular species of Claviceps infects Sorghum- giving the fungus its name 'sorghi'. These species in Claviceps are known to produce ergot on their host, as a byproduct of their infection. This can cause the disease known as ergotism when the infected crop is consumed. Life Cycle The complete life cycle of C. sorghi can be seen in Fig. 3. C. sorghi begins its infection of Sorghum via the germination of its ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ascochyta Sorghi
''Ascochyta sorghi'' is a fungal plant pathogen. It causes Ascochyta leaf spot (also known as rough leaf spot) on barley that can also be caused by the related fungi '' Ascochyta hordei, Ascochyta graminea'' and '' Ascochyta tritici''. It is considered a minor disease of barley. Hosts and symptoms ''Ascochyta sorghi'' infects grain crops such as sorghum (''Sorghum bicolor''), Johnson grass (''Sorghum halepense''), Sudan grass (''Sorghum sudanense''), and barley (''Hordeum vulgare Barley (''Hordeum vulgare''), a member of the grass family, is a major cereal grain grown in temperate climates globally. It was one of the first cultivated grains, particularly in Eurasia as early as 10,000 years ago. Globally 70% of barley pr ...'')."Rough Leaf Spot of Sorghum (Ascochyta Sorghi)." ''Plantwise Knowledge Bank''. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2016. . It can also infect wild sorghum species.Kucharek, Tom. "Foliar and Head Diseases of Sorghum in Florida." EPPO Bulletin 41.3 (2011): 266-68. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pythium Graminicola
''Pythium graminicola'' is a plant pathogen infecting cereals. Host and symptoms ''Pythium graminicola'' infects a wide range of hosts, including: bent grass, turmeric, cotton, barley, wheat, rice, beans, peas, and sugarcane. In particular ''Pythium graminicola'' is an important pathogen of graminaceous plants. As with many ''Pythium'' diseases, the most common symptom of ''Pythium graminicola'' is root/seed rot, which can then cause damping off. However, ''Pythium graminicola'' can also infect above ground tissue causing stalk rot in maize, foot rot of beans, leaf blight of grasses and feeder root necrosis in rice, sugarcane and maize. Diagnosis of ''Pythium graminicola'' can be made through observation of the above symptoms and the presence of oomycete structures, such as sporangia. Disease cycle The life cycle of ''Pythium graminicola'' is essentially the same as the generalized ''Pythium'', soil borne pathogen life cycle. In the sexual state of ''Pythium graminicola'' an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fusarium Moniliforme Var
''Fusarium'' is a large genus of filamentous fungi, part of a group often referred to as hyphomycetes, widely distributed in soil and associated with plants. Most species are harmless saprobes, and are relatively abundant members of the soil microbial community. Some species produce mycotoxins in cereal crops that can affect human and animal health if they enter the food chain. The main toxins produced by these ''Fusarium'' species are fumonisins and trichothecenes. Despite most species apparently being harmless (some existing on the skin as commensal members of the skin flora), some ''Fusarium'' species and subspecific groups are among the most important fungal pathogens of plants and animals. The name of ''Fusarium'' comes from Latin ''fusus'', meaning a spindle. Taxonomy The taxonomy of the genus is complex. A number of different schemes have been used, and up to 1,000 species have been identified at times, with approaches varying between wide and narrow concepts of speciat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gibberella Fujikuroi Var
''Gibberella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Nectriaceae. In 1926, Japanese scientists observed that rice plants infected with ''Gibberella'' had abnormally long stems (" foolish seedling disease"). A substance, gibberellin, was derived from this fungus. Gibberellin is a plant hormone that promotes cell elongation, flower formation, and seedling growth. Species *'' Gibberella acerina'' *'' Gibberella acervalis'' *''Gibberella acuminata'' *''Gibberella africana'' *''Gibberella agglomerata'' *'' Gibberella atrofuliginea'' *''Gibberella atrorufa'' *''Gibberella australis'' *''Gibberella avenacea'' *'' Gibberella baccata'' *''Gibberella bambusae'' *''Gibberella bolusiellae'' *''Gibberella bresadolae'' *''Gibberella briosiana'' *''Gibberella butleri'' *''Gibberella buxi'' *''Gibberella cantareirensis'' *''Gibberella cicatrisata'' *''Gibberella circinata'' *''Gibberella coffeae'' *''Gibberella coronicola'' *'' Gibberella creberrima'' *''Gibberella culmicola'' *''Gibberella cya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramulispora Sorghicola
''Ramulispora sorghicola'' is a plant pathogen infecting sorghum. References External links Index FungorumUSDA ARS Fungal Database Fungal plant pathogens and diseases Sorghum diseases Hyaloscyphaceae {{fungus-plant-disease-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Periconia Circinata
''Periconia circinata'' is an ascomycete fungus that is a plant pathogen affecting maize and sorghum. See also * List of maize diseases Bacterial diseases Fungal diseases Nematodes, Parasitic Virus and virus-like diseases References Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society {{corn * Maize Maize ( ; ''Zea mays'' subsp. ''mays'', from ... * List of sorghum diseases References External links Index FungorumUSDA ARS Fungal Database Fungal plant pathogens and diseases Maize diseases Sorghum diseases Pleosporales Enigmatic Ascomycota taxa Fungi described in 1906 Fungus species {{fungus-plant-disease-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helminthosporium Turcicum
''Setosphaeria turcica'' (anamorph ''Exserohilum turcicum''; formerly known as ''Helminthosporium turcicum'') is the causal agent of northern corn leaf blight in maize. It is a serious fungal disease prevalent in cooler climates and tropical highlands wherever corn is grown. It is characterized by large cigar shaped necrotic lesions that develop on the leaves due to the polyketide metabolite monocerin. Races Races of ''S. turcica'' are named for the maize R genes which are not effective against them. For example, the maize gene ''Ht1'' does not confer resistance against a Race 1 isolate, while genes ''Ht2'' and/or ''Ht3'' do. In contrast, genes ''Ht2'' and ''HtN'' do not confer resistance against a Race 2N isolate, while gene ''Ht1'' does. Isolates which do not overcome any known R gene are termed Race 0. Race 1, which overcomes the ''Ht1'' resistance gene, was originally discovered in Hawaii in 1973. By the time it was first noted in the continental United States, in Indian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exserohilum Turcicum
''Setosphaeria turcica'' (anamorph ''Exserohilum turcicum''; formerly known as ''Helminthosporium turcicum'') is the causal agent of northern corn leaf blight in maize. It is a serious fungal disease prevalent in cooler climates and tropical highlands wherever corn is grown. It is characterized by large cigar shaped necrotic lesions that develop on the leaves due to the polyketide metabolite monocerin. Races Races of ''S. turcica'' are named for the maize R genes which are not effective against them. For example, the maize gene ''Ht1'' does not confer resistance against a Race 1 isolate, while genes ''Ht2'' and/or ''Ht3'' do. In contrast, genes ''Ht2'' and ''HtN'' do not confer resistance against a Race 2N isolate, while gene ''Ht1'' does. Isolates which do not overcome any known R gene are termed Race 0. Race 1, which overcomes the ''Ht1'' resistance gene, was originally discovered in Hawaii in 1973. By the time it was first noted in the continental United States, in Indian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Setosphaeria Turcica
''Setosphaeria turcica'' (anamorph ''Exserohilum turcicum''; formerly known as ''Helminthosporium turcicum'') is the causal agent of northern corn leaf blight in maize. It is a serious fungal disease prevalent in cooler climates and tropical highlands wherever corn is grown. It is characterized by large cigar shaped necrotic lesions that develop on the leaves due to the polyketide metabolite monocerin. Races Races of ''S. turcica'' are named for the maize R genes which are not effective against them. For example, the maize gene ''Ht1'' does not confer resistance against a Race 1 isolate, while genes ''Ht2'' and/or ''Ht3'' do. In contrast, genes ''Ht2'' and ''HtN'' do not confer resistance against a Race 2N isolate, while gene ''Ht1'' does. Isolates which do not overcome any known R gene are termed Race 0. Race 1, which overcomes the ''Ht1'' resistance gene, was originally discovered in Hawaii in 1973. By the time it was first noted in the continental United States, in India ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cercospora Fusimaculans
''Cercospora fusimaculans'' is a fungal A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from th ... plant pathogen. References fusimaculans Fungal plant pathogens and diseases {{fungus-plant-disease-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
