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Separatism
Separatism is the advocacy of cultural, ethnic, tribal, religious, racial, governmental or gender separation from the larger group. As with secession, separatism conventionally refers to full political separation. Groups simply seeking greater autonomy are not separatist as such. Some discourse settings equate separatism with religious segregation, racial segregation, or sex segregation, while other discourse settings take the broader view that separation by choice may serve useful purposes and is not the same as government-enforced segregation. There is some academic debate about this definition, and in particular how it relates to secessionism, as has been discussed online. Separatist groups practice a form of identity politics, or political activity and theorizing founded in the shared experiences of the group's members. Such groups believe attempts at integration with dominant groups compromise their identity and ability to pursue greater self-determination. However, econo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Active Separatist Movements In Europe
This is a list of currently active separatist movements in Europe. Separatism often refers to full political secession, though separatist movements may seek nothing more than greater autonomy or to be recognised as a national minority. What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet three criteria: # They are active movements with active members; # They are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region (as opposed to personal autonomy); # They are citizens/people of the conflict area and do not come from another country. Under each region listed is one or more of the following: * ''De facto'' state (de facto entity): for unrecognized regions with de facto autonomy; * Proposed state: proposed name for a seceding sovereign state; * Proposed autonomous area: for movements towards greater autonomy for an area but not outright secession; ** De facto autonomous government: for g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feminist Separatism
Feminist separatism is the theory that feminist opposition to patriarchy can be achieved through women's separation from men.Christine Skelton, Becky Francis, ''Feminism and the Schooling Scandal'', Taylor & Francis, 2009 ,p. 104 Because much of the theorizing is based in lesbian feminism, feminist separatism is often thought of as simply lesbian separatism, but at least 55% of the feminist movement and feminism in general utilize or have been influenced by feminist separatism. Author Marilyn Frye describes feminist separatism as "separation of various sorts or modes from men and from institutions, relationships, roles and activities that are male-defined, male-dominated, and operating for the benefit of males and the maintenance of male privilege – this separation being initiated or maintained, at will, ''by women''." Background Cultural critic Alice Echols describes the emergence of a lesbian separatist movement as a response to homophobic sentiments expressed b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lesbian Separatism
Feminist separatism is the theory that feminist opposition to patriarchy can be achieved through women's separation from men.Christine Skelton, Becky Francis, ''Feminism and the Schooling Scandal'', Taylor & Francis, 2009 ,p. 104 Because much of the theorizing is based in lesbian feminism, feminist separatism is often thought of as simply lesbian separatism, but at least 55% of the feminist movement and feminism in general utilize or have been influenced by feminist separatism. Author Marilyn Frye describes feminist separatism as "separation of various sorts or modes from men and from institutions, relationships, roles and activities that are male-defined, male-dominated, and operating for the benefit of males and the maintenance of male privilege – this separation being initiated or maintained, at will, ''by women''." Background Cultural critic Alice Echols describes the emergence of a lesbian separatist movement as a response to homophobic sentiments expressed by f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secession
Secession is the withdrawal of a group from a larger entity, especially a political entity, but also from any organization, union or military alliance. Some of the most famous and significant secessions have been: the former Soviet republics leaving the Soviet Union after its dissolution, Texas leaving Mexico during the Texas Revolution, Biafra leaving Nigeria and returning after losing the Nigerian Civil War, and Ireland leaving the United Kingdom. Threats of secession can be a strategy for achieving more limited goals. Allen Buchanan"Secession" Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2007. It is, therefore, a process, which commences once a group proclaims the act of secession (e.g. declaration of independence). A secession attempt might be violent or peaceful, but the goal is the creation of a new state or entity independent from the group or territory it seceded from. Secession theory There is a great deal of theorizing about secession so that it is difficult to identify ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Active Separatist Movements In Asia
This is a list of active separatist movements in Asia. Separatism can include autonomism and secessionism, despite the fact that independence is the primary goal of many separatist movements. Many separatist movements arise as a result of religious, racial, social, and cultural disparities between certain peoples and the majority or ruling class in a country. What constitutes an autonomist or secessionist movement is often debatable; entries on this list must be recognized by credible sources as involved, separatist, and composed of citizens of the country from which independence is sought. Under each region listed is one or more of the following: * ''De facto''/proposed state and/or autonomous territory: a proposed term for a secessionist or anticipated sovereign state, or an area seeking greater autonomy. * Organizations that help: advocacy, cultural, ethnic, ethno-religious, political, regional, and/or religious group(s) that play a significant role in the movement's separatis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Active Separatist Movements In North America
This is a list of currently active separatist movements in North America. Separatism includes autonomism and secessionism. What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must be movements that currently exist, which are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region. # They are active movements with living, active members. # They are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region. # They are the citizen/peoples of the conflict area and do not come from other countries. Under each region listed is one or more of the following: * ''De facto'' state: for regions with ''de facto'' autonomy from the government * Proposed state: proposed name for a seceding sovereign state * Proposed autonomous area: for movements toward greater autonomy for an area but not outright secession ** ''De facto'' autonomous government: for governments with ''de facto'' autonomous control ov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Active Separatist Movements In South America
This is a list of currently active separatist movements in South America. Separatism includes autonomism and secessionism. What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet three criteria: #They are active movements with living, active members. #They are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region. #They are citizens/peoples of the conflict area and not from another country. Under each region listed is one or more of the following: *''De facto'' state: for regions with ''de facto'' autonomy from the government *Proposed state: proposed name for a seceding sovereign state *Proposed autonomous area: for movements toward greater autonomy for an area but not outright secession **''De facto'' autonomous government: for governments with ''de facto'' autonomous control over a region **Government-in-exile: for a government based outside of the region in question, with or without control ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Active Separatist Movements In Oceania
This is a list of currently active Separatism, separatist movements in Oceania. Separatism includes autonomism and secessionism. What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet three criteria: #They are active movements with living, active members. #They are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region (as opposed to personal autonomy). #They are the citizen/peoples of the contested area. Under each region listed is one or more of the following *''De facto'' state: for regions with ''de facto'' autonomy from the government *Proposed state: proposed name for a seceding sovereign state *Proposed autonomous area: for movements toward greater Autonomous area, autonomy for an area but not outright secession **''De facto'' autonomous government: for governments with ''de facto'' autonomous control over a region **Government-in-exile: for a Government in exile, government based outside o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Identity Politics
Identity politics is a political approach wherein people of a particular race, nationality, religion, gender, sexual orientation, social background, social class, or other identifying factors develop political agendas that are based upon these identities. Identity politics is deeply connected with the idea that some groups in society are oppressed and begins with analysis of that oppression. The term is used primarily to describe political movements in western societies, covering nationalist, multicultural, women's rights, civil rights, and LGBT movements. The term "identity politics" dates to the late twentieth century although it had precursors in the writings of individuals such as Mary Wollstonecraft and Frantz Fanon. Many contemporary advocates of identity politics take an intersectional perspective, which accounts for the range of interacting systems of oppression that may affect their lives and come from their various identities. According to many who describe themselves ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Active Separatist Movements In Africa
This is a list of currently active separatist movements in Africa. Separatism includes autonomism and secessionism. What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet three criteria: #They are active movements with living, active members. #They are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region (as opposed to personal autonomy). #They are the citizen/inhabitants of the conflict area and do not come from another country. Under each region listed is one or more of the following: *''De facto'' state: for regions with ''de facto'' autonomy from the government *Proposed state: proposed name for a seceding sovereign state *Proposed autonomous area: for movements toward greater autonomy for an area but not outright secession **''De facto'' autonomous government: for governments with ''de facto'' autonomous control over a region **Government-in-exile: for a government based outside of the re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Masculine
Masculinity (also called manhood or manliness) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles associated with men and boys. Masculinity can be theoretically understood as socially constructed, and there is also evidence that some behaviors considered masculine are influenced by both cultural factors and biological factors. To what extent masculinity is biologically or socially influenced is subject to debate. It is distinct from the definition of the biological male sex, as anyone can exhibit masculine traits. Standards of masculinity vary across different cultures and historical periods. Overview Masculine qualities and roles are considered typical of, appropriate for, and expected of boys and men. Standards of manliness or masculinity vary across different cultures, subcultures, ethnic groups and historical periods. Traits traditionally viewed as masculine in Western society include strength, courage, independence, leadership, and assertiveness.Thomas, R. Murray (2001),Fe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Men Going Their Own Way
Men Going Their Own Way (MGTOW ) is an anti-feminist, misogynistic, mostly-online community advocating for men to separate themselves from women and from a society which they believe has been corrupted by feminism. The community is a part of the ''manosphere'', a collection of anti-feminist websites and online communities that also includes the men's rights movement, incels, and pickup artists. Like other manosphere communities, MGTOW overlaps with the alt-right and white supremacist movements, and it has been implicated in online harassment of women. The Southern Poverty Law Center categorizes MGTOW as a part of the male supremacist ideology. History While it is not clear where the MGTOW ideology originated, it is believed to have emerged in the early 2000s. A blog called ''No Ma'am'' was one of the first sites dedicated to the ideology, publishing a "MGTOW Manifesto" in 2001. Earlier members of MGTOW were largely libertarian. There is a divide between early and contemp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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