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Schizopelte Californica
''Schizopelte'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. The genus was circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribed by Theodor Magnus Fries in 1875. It was resurrected for use in 2011 by Damien Ertz and Anders Tehler, who published a phylogenetic study of the order Arthoniales. In addition to the type species, ''Schizopelte californica, S. californica'', they included a former ''Hubbsia'' species, a former ''Llimonaea'' species, and a species new to science in the resurrected ''Schizopelte''. Species *''Schizopelte lumbricoides'' *''Schizopelte parishii'' *''Schizopelte californica'' *''Schizopelte crustosa'' All four ''Schizopelte'' species are endemism, endemic to the north-western American coast. References Arthoniomycetes Lichen genera Arthoniomycetes genera Taxa described in 1875 Taxa named by Theodor Magnus Fries {{Arthoniomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schizopelte Californica
''Schizopelte'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. The genus was circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribed by Theodor Magnus Fries in 1875. It was resurrected for use in 2011 by Damien Ertz and Anders Tehler, who published a phylogenetic study of the order Arthoniales. In addition to the type species, ''Schizopelte californica, S. californica'', they included a former ''Hubbsia'' species, a former ''Llimonaea'' species, and a species new to science in the resurrected ''Schizopelte''. Species *''Schizopelte lumbricoides'' *''Schizopelte parishii'' *''Schizopelte californica'' *''Schizopelte crustosa'' All four ''Schizopelte'' species are endemism, endemic to the north-western American coast. References Arthoniomycetes Lichen genera Arthoniomycetes genera Taxa described in 1875 Taxa named by Theodor Magnus Fries {{Arthoniomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylogenetic
In biology, phylogenetics (; from Greek φυλή/ φῦλον [] "tribe, clan, race", and wikt:γενετικός, γενετικός [] "origin, source, birth") is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups of organisms. These relationships are determined by Computational phylogenetics, phylogenetic inference methods that focus on observed heritable traits, such as DNA sequences, protein amino acid sequences, or morphology. The result of such an analysis is a phylogenetic tree—a diagram containing a hypothesis of relationships that reflects the evolutionary history of a group of organisms. The tips of a phylogenetic tree can be living taxa or fossils, and represent the "end" or the present time in an evolutionary lineage. A phylogenetic diagram can be rooted or unrooted. A rooted tree diagram indicates the hypothetical common ancestor of the tree. An unrooted tree diagram (a network) makes no assumption about the ancestral line, and does ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthoniomycetes Genera
Arthoniomycetes are a class of ascomycete fungi. It includes two orders: Arthoniales and Lichenostigmatales. Most of the taxa in these orders are tropical and subtropical lichens. Systematics Phylogenetic analysis supports the monophyly of this class. Dothideomycetes is a sister group. Characteristics Taxa have apothecia, cup- or saucer- shaped ascoma in which the hymenium The hymenium is the tissue layer on the hymenophore of a fungal fruiting body where the cells develop into basidia or asci, which produce spores. In some species all of the cells of the hymenium develop into basidia or asci, while in others some ... is exposed at maturity. These apothecia are bitunicate - with clearly differentiated inner and outer walls. References Fungus classes Lichen classes Taxa described in 1997 {{Arthoniomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichen Genera
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not s. They may have tiny, leafless branches (); flat leaf-like structures ( |
Arthoniomycetes
Arthoniomycetes are a class of ascomycete fungi. It includes two orders: Arthoniales and Lichenostigmatales. Most of the taxa in these orders are tropical and subtropical lichens. Systematics Phylogenetic analysis supports the monophyly of this class. Dothideomycetes is a sister group. Characteristics Taxa have apothecia, cup- or saucer- shaped ascoma in which the hymenium The hymenium is the tissue layer on the hymenophore of a fungal fruiting body where the cells develop into basidia or asci, which produce spores. In some species all of the cells of the hymenium develop into basidia or asci, while in others some ... is exposed at maturity. These apothecia are bitunicate - with clearly differentiated inner and outer walls. References Fungus classes Lichen classes Taxa described in 1997 {{Arthoniomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endemism
Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, the Cape sugarbird is found exclusively in southwestern South Africa and is therefore said to be ''endemic'' to that particular part of the world. An endemic species can be also be referred to as an ''endemism'' or in scientific literature as an ''endemite''. For example '' Cytisus aeolicus'' is an endemite of the Italian flora. '' Adzharia renschi'' was once believed to be an endemite of the Caucasus, but it was later discovered to be a non-indigenous species from South America belonging to a different genus. The extreme opposite of an endemic species is one with a cosmopolitan distribution, having a global or widespread range. A rare alternative term for a species that is endemic is "precinctive", which applies to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Llimonaea
''Llimonaea'' is a genus of fungi within the Arthoniales order. The genus has been placed into Opegraphaceae ''Opegraphaceae'' is a family of lichen-forming and lichenicolous fungi in the order Arthoniales. It was originally proposed by German lichenologist Ernst Stizenberger in 1862. It fell into disuse, but was resurrected in a molecular phylogenetic .... The genus name of ''Llimonaea'' is in honour of Xavier Llimona (1943 - x), who was a Spanish ( Catalonian) botanist (Lichenology and Mycologp) and Professor of Botany at the University of Barcelona. The genus was circumscribed by José Maria Egea Fernández and P. Torrente in Nova Hedwigia vol.52 on page 239 in 1991. References Arthoniomycetes Lichen genera Arthoniomycetes genera Taxa described in 1991 {{Arthoniomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hubbsia
''Combea'' is a genus of lichens in the family Opegraphaceae. It has two species. The genus was circumscribed by Italian botanist Giuseppe De Notaris in 1846. The genus name of ''Combea'' is in honour of Francesco Comba (fl. 1845), an Italian lab assistant and draughtsman, from the Zoological Museum in Turin. Species *''Combea californica'' *''Combea mollusca ''Combea'' is a genus of lichens in the family Opegraphaceae. It has two species. The genus was circumscribed by Italian botanist Giuseppe De Notaris in 1846. The genus name of ''Combea'' is in honour of Francesco Comba (fl. 1845), an Italian la ...'' References Arthoniomycetes Lichen genera Arthoniomycetes genera Taxa described in 1846 Taxa named by Giuseppe De Notaris {{Arthoniomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen(s). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name that has that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have such types. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthoniales
The Arthoniales is the second largest order of mainly crustose lichens, but fruticose lichens are present as well. The order contains around 1500 species, while the largest order with lichenized fungi, the Lecanorales, contains more than 14000 species. Classification The Arthoniales is one of two orders of the class Arthoniomycetes within the phylum Ascomycota. The order includes seven families ( Andreiomycetacae, Arthoniaceae, Chrysotrichaceae, Lecanographaceae, Opegraphaceae, Roccellaceae and Roccellographaceae). Lecanographaceae, Roccellographaceae, Opegraphaceae and Roccellaceae are well-supported families within Arthoniales, and they were circumscribed in 2011. Andreiomycetaceae was described as a new family by Hodkinson and Lendemer in 2013. The Arthoniales is the sister group to Dothideomycetes. Figure 1. Cladogram of the Arthoniales, rooted with ''Curvularia brachyspora'', ''Cudonia circinans'' and ''Seynesia erumpens'' as the outgroup. The cladogram shows the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodor Magnus Fries
Theodor "Thore" Magnus Fries (28 October 1832 – 29 March 1913), was a Swedish botanist, lichenologist, and Arctic explorer. He was the son of the mycologist Elias Fries. Following in his father's footsteps, Fries studied botany, obtaining his doctoral degree in 1857 at Uppsala. He is credited for introducing the term in a commentary about the genus lichen genus '' Stereocaulon'' in an 1858 publication. He became a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1865 and professor of botany and applied economics at Uppsala in 1877.Jorgensen, Per Magnus. 2001. Th. M. Fries (1832–1913), a Grand Scandinavian Lichenologist. ''The Bryologist'' 104 (4):537–542 His most notable work was ''Lichenographia scandinavica'' (1871–1874). He also produced a two-volume biography of Carl Linnaeus (1903). Fries was part of two Arctic expeditions led by Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld, in 1868 and 1871. From 1893 to 1899, he was the vice-chancellor of Uppsala University. His sons Thore Christi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schizopelte Lumbricoides
''Schizopelte'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Theodor Magnus Fries in 1875. It was resurrected for use in 2011 by Damien Ertz and Anders Tehler, who published a phylogenetic study of the order Arthoniales. In addition to the type species, '' S. californica'', they included a former ''Hubbsia'' species, a former ''Llimonaea'' species, and a species new to science in the resurrected ''Schizopelte''. Species *'' Schizopelte lumbricoides'' *'' Schizopelte parishii'' *''Schizopelte californica'' *''Schizopelte crustosa ''Schizopelte'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. The genus was circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribed by Theodor Magnus Fries in 1875. It was resurrected for use in 2011 by Damien Ertz and Anders Tehler, who publ ...'' All four ''Schizopelte'' species are endemic to the north-western American coast. References Arthoniomycetes Lichen genera Arthoni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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