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Sceptomycter
''Scepomycter'' is a genus of threatened birds in the family Cisticolidae. The two species are endemic to highland forests in the Eastern Arc Mountains of Tanzania. They are small, mainly grey birds with a reddish-orange head. Taxonomy The Rubeho warbler is a cryptic species only described as separate from the Winifred's warbler in 2009. Winifred's warbler (and by association, the Rubeho warbler) have sometimes been included in the genus ''Bathmocercus''. * Winifred's warbler (''Scepomycter winifredae''). * Rubeho warbler The Rubeho warbler (''Scepomycter rubehoensis'') is a threatened species of bird in the family Cisticolidae. It is found in highland forests in the Rubeho–Ukaguru Mountains in Tanzania. This cryptic species was only described in 2009; it having ... (''Scepomycter rubehoensis''). References * Bowie, R.C.K., J. Fjeldså, & J. Kiure (2009). ''Multilocus molecular DNA variation in Winifred's Warbler Scepomycter winifredae suggests cryptic speciation and the e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyril Mackworth-Praed
Cyril Winthrop Mackworth-Praed (21 September 1891 – 30 June 1974) was a British sport shooter who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics. He was also a naturalist and ornithologist who specialized on the birds of Africa. Life and work Mackworth-Praed was born in Herefordshire to Robert Herbert and Mary Josephine Jolliffe. where he became interested in shooting and natural history which was also encouraged at school in Sandroyd. After studying at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge, he settled in East Africa as a farmer. In 1919 he married, Edith Mary Henrietta, the daughter of Stephenson Robert Clarke and began to help identify African birds in his father-in-law's collection. This brought him to the bird room of the British Museum. He later joined the Scots Guards and served in World War II, rising to the rank of Major in 1941. He returned to live in Castletop, Burley, Hampshire. In the 1930s he began a collaboration with Claude H. B. Grant to produce a 6 volume work on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Threatened Species
Threatened species are any species (including animals, plants and fungi) which are vulnerable to endangerment in the near future. Species that are threatened are sometimes characterised by the population dynamics measure of ''critical depensation'', a mathematical measure of biomass related to population growth rate. This quantitative metric is one method of evaluating the degree of endangerment. IUCN definition The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is the foremost authority on threatened species, and treats threatened species not as a single category, but as a group of three categories, depending on the degree to which they are threatened: *Vulnerable species *Endangered species * Critically endangered species Less-than-threatened categories are near threatened, least concern, and the no longer assigned category of conservation dependent. Species which have not been evaluated (NE), or do not have sufficient data ( data deficient) also are not considered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bird
Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton. Birds live worldwide and range in size from the bee hummingbird to the ostrich. There are about ten thousand living species, more than half of which are passerine, or "perching" birds. Birds have whose development varies according to species; the only known groups without wings are the extinct moa and elephant birds. Wings, which are modified forelimbs, gave birds the ability to fly, although further evolution has led to the loss of flight in some birds, including ratites, penguins, and diverse endemic island species. The digestive and respiratory systems of birds are also uniquely adapted for flight. Some bird species of aquatic environments, particularly seabirds and some waterbirds, have further evolved for swimming. B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cisticolidae
The family Cisticolidae is a group of about 160 warblers, small passerine birds found mainly in warmer southern regions of the Old World. They were formerly included within the Old World warbler family Sylviidae. This family probably originated in Africa, which has the majority of species, but there are representatives of the family across tropical Asia into Australasia, and one species, the zitting cisticola, breeds in Europe. These are generally very small birds of drab brown or grey appearance found in open country such as grassland or scrub. They are often difficult to see and many species are similar in appearance, so the song is often the best identification guide. These are insectivorous birds which nest low in vegetation. Taxonomy The family was introduced (as Cisticolinae) by the Swedish zoologist Carl Jakob Sundevall in 1872. Many taxonomists place the red-winged prinia and the red-fronted prinia in the genus ''Prinia'' rather than in their own monotypic genera. Suppo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endemism
Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, the Cape sugarbird is found exclusively in southwestern South Africa and is therefore said to be ''endemic'' to that particular part of the world. An endemic species can be also be referred to as an ''endemism'' or in scientific literature as an ''endemite''. For example '' Cytisus aeolicus'' is an endemite of the Italian flora. '' Adzharia renschi'' was once believed to be an endemite of the Caucasus, but it was later discovered to be a non-indigenous species from South America belonging to a different genus. The extreme opposite of an endemic species is one with a cosmopolitan distribution, having a global or widespread range. A rare alternative term for a species that is endemic is "precinctive", which applies to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Arc Mountains
The Eastern Arc Mountains is a chain of mountains found in Kenya and Tanzania. The chain runs from northeast to southwest, with the Taita Hills being in Kenya and the other ranges being in Tanzania. They are delimited on the southwest by the fault complex represented by the Makambako Gap that separates them from the Kipengere Range. To the northeast, they are delimited by more recent volcanism represented by Mount Kilimanjaro. The chain is considered a Tentative World Heritage Site. Mountain ranges The Eastern Arc Mountains forms a roughly crescent-shaped arc and consists of: # Taita Hills # North and South Pare Mountains # East and West Usambara Mountains # Nguru Mountains # Ukaguru Mountains # Uluguru Mountains # Uvidunda Mountains # Rubeho Mountains # Malundwe Mountain # Udzungwa Mountains # Mahenge Mountains Geology These mountain ranges are the oldest in East Africa, and though physically separated from each other, share a similar geomorphology and ecology. They were for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tanzania
Tanzania (; ), officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( sw, Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It borders Uganda to the north; Kenya to the northeast; Comoro Islands and the Indian Ocean to the east; Mozambique and Malawi to the south; Zambia to the southwest; and Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. Mount Kilimanjaro, Africa's highest mountain, is in northeastern Tanzania. According to the United Nations, Tanzania has a population of million, making it the most populous country located entirely south of the equator. Many important hominid fossils have been found in Tanzania, such as 6-million-year-old Pliocene hominid fossils. The genus Australopithecus ranged across Africa between 4 and 2 million years ago, and the oldest remains of the genus ''Homo'' are found near Lake Olduvai. Following the rise of '' Homo erectus'' 1.8 million years ago, humanity spread ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cryptic Species Complex
In biology, a species complex is a group of closely related organisms that are so similar in appearance and other features that the boundaries between them are often unclear. The taxa in the complex may be able to hybridize readily with each other, further blurring any distinctions. Terms that are sometimes used synonymously but have more precise meanings are cryptic species for two or more species hidden under one species name, sibling species for two (or more) species that are each other's closest relative, and species flock for a group of closely related species that live in the same habitat. As informal taxonomic ranks, species group, species aggregate, macrospecies, and superspecies are also in use. Two or more taxa that were once considered conspecific (of the same species) may later be subdivided into infraspecific taxa (taxa within a species, such as bacterial strains or plant varieties Variety may refer to: Arts and entertainment Entertainment formats * Variety ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bathmocercus
''Bathmocercus'' is a genus of bird in the family Cisticolidae. It contains the following species: * Black-headed rufous warbler (''Bathmocercus cerviniventris'') * Black-faced rufous warbler (''Bathmocercus rufus'') Species from the genus ''Scepomycter'' are sometimes placed in this genus though several marked morphological differences are used to justify its separation. References *Ryan, Peter (2006). Family Cisticolidae (Cisticolas and allies). pp. 378–492 in del Hoyo J., Elliott A. & Christie D.A. (2006) ''Handbook of the Birds of the World The ''Handbook of the Birds of the World'' (HBW) is a multi-volume series produced by the Spanish publishing house Lynx Edicions in partnership with BirdLife International. It is the first handbook to cover every known living species of bird. T ...''. Volume 11. ''Old World Flycatchers to Old World Warblers'' Lynx Edicions, Barcelona * Nguembock B.; Fjeldsa J.; Tillier A.; Pasquet E. (2007): A phylogeny for the Cisticolidae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Winifred's Warbler
Winifred's warbler (''Scepomycter winifredae''), also known as Mrs. Moreau's warbler, is a species of bird in the family Cisticolidae. The species was first recorded and named by the ornithologist Reginald Moreau after his wife. The species was originally described in the genus ''Artisornis'' based on an immature male specimen. The species was found in the Kinole forest north of Uluguru in eastern Tanzania. The bird is mostly olive green above with the forehead and crown being rufous brown as are the sides of the head and chest. The chin is whitish. Moreau later moved it to the genus ''Scepomycter'' after examining museum specimens and obtaining new specimens of adults through his collector Charles Abdallah who lured the specimens by imitating the low whistles of a ''Malaconotus''. The genus ''Scepomycter'' was traditionally considered monotypic, but in 2009 a closely related new species was described, the Rubeho warbler. Alternatively, Winifred's warbler has sometimes been in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubeho Warbler
The Rubeho warbler (''Scepomycter rubehoensis'') is a threatened species of bird in the family Cisticolidae. It is found in highland forests in the Rubeho–Ukaguru Mountains in Tanzania. This cryptic species was only described in 2009; it having traditionally been included in the closely related Winifred's warbler Winifred's warbler (''Scepomycter winifredae''), also known as Mrs. Moreau's warbler, is a species of bird in the family Cisticolidae. The species was first recorded and named by the ornithologist Reginald Moreau after his wife. The species was .... References *Bowie, R. C. K.; Fjeldså, J. & Kiure, J. 2009. "Multilocus molecular DNA variation in Winifred's Warbler ''Scepomycter winifredae'' suggests cryptic speciation and the existence of a threatened species in the Rubeho–Ukaguru Mountains of Tanzania." ''Ibis'' 151 (4): 709–719. Rubeho warbler Endemic birds of Tanzania Rubeho warbler {{Cisticolidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scepomycter
''Scepomycter'' is a genus of threatened birds in the family Cisticolidae. The two species are endemic to highland forests in the Eastern Arc Mountains of Tanzania. They are small, mainly grey birds with a reddish-orange head. Taxonomy The Rubeho warbler is a cryptic species In biology, a species complex is a group of closely related organisms that are so similar in appearance and other features that the boundaries between them are often unclear. The taxa in the complex may be able to hybridize readily with each oth ... only described as separate from the Winifred's warbler in 2009. Winifred's warbler (and by association, the Rubeho warbler) have sometimes been included in the genus '' Bathmocercus''. * Winifred's warbler (''Scepomycter winifredae''). * Rubeho warbler (''Scepomycter rubehoensis''). References * Bowie, R.C.K., J. Fjeldså, & J. Kiure (2009). ''Multilocus molecular DNA variation in Winifred's Warbler Scepomycter winifredae suggests cryptic speciation and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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