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Salibacterium
''Salibacterium'' is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria from the family of Bacillaceae. The type species is '' Salibacterium halotolerans''. ''Salibacterium'' ''aidingense'' and ''Salibacterium salarium'' were previously species belonging to ''Bacillus'', a genus that has been recognized as displaying extensive polyphyly and has been restricted by recent phylogenetic studies to only include species closely related to ''Bacillus subtilis'' and ''Bacillus cereus.'' The name ''Salibacterium'' is derived from the prefix "-sali" (from the Latin noun ''sal/salis'', which translates to "salt"''),'' and the suffix "-bacterium" (from the Latin noun ''bacterium'', referring to a rod). Together, ''Salibacterium'' translates to a rod from salt. Biochemical Characteristics and Molecular Signatures Members of this genus are aerobic or facultatively anaerobic. Most members are non-motile, except ''S. aidingense'' which exhibits motility by means of peritrichous flagella. Some members form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salibacterium Nitratireducens
''Salibacterium'' is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria from the family of Bacillaceae. The type species is ''Salibacterium halotolerans''. ''Salibacterium'' ''aidingense'' and ''Salibacterium salarium'' were previously species belonging to ''Bacillus'', a genus that has been recognized as displaying extensive polyphyly and has been restricted by recent phylogenetic studies to only include species closely related to ''Bacillus subtilis'' and ''Bacillus cereus.'' The name ''Salibacterium'' is derived from the prefix "-sali" (from the Latin noun ''sal/salis'', which translates to "salt"''),'' and the suffix "-bacterium" (from the Latin noun ''bacterium'', referring to a rod). Together, ''Salibacterium'' translates to a rod from salt. Biochemical Characteristics and Molecular Signatures Members of this genus are Aerobic organism, aerobic or Facultative anaerobic organism, facultatively anaerobic. Most members are non-motile, except ''S. aidingense'' whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salibacterium Halochares
''Salibacterium halochares'' is a Gram-positive, aerobic and halophilic The halophiles, named after the Greek word for "salt-loving", are extremophiles that thrive in high salt concentrations. While most halophiles are classified into the domain Archaea, there are also bacterial halophiles and some eukaryotic species, ... bacterium from the genus of '' Salibacterium'' which has been isolated from a saltern from Mesolongi in Greece. References Bacillaceae Bacteria described in 2010 {{Firmicutes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salibacterium Qingdaonense
''Salibacterium qingdaonense'' is a Gram-positive and haloalkaliphilic bacterium from the genus of '' Salibacterium'' which has been isolated from crude sea salt near Qingdao in China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and .... References Bacillaceae Bacteria described in 2007 {{Firmicutes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salibacterium Lacus
''Salibacterium lacus'' is a Gram-positive, strictly aerobic, halophilic, non-spore-former and motile bacterium from the genus of '' Salibacterium'' which has been isolated from sediments from the Lake Yuncheng in China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and .... References Bacillaceae Bacteria described in 2018 {{Firmicutes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacillaceae
The Bacillaceae are a family of gram-positive, heterotrophic, rod-shaped bacteria that may produce endospores. Motile members of this family are characterized by peritrichous flagella. Some Bacillaceae are aerobic, while others are facultative or strict anaerobes. Most are not pathogenic, but ''Bacillus'' species are known to cause disease in humans. Gram-variable cell wall Some Bacillaceae, such as the genera '' Filobacillus, Lentibacillus,'' and '' Halobacillus'', stain Gram-negative or Gram-variable, but are known to have a Gram-positive cell wall.Lim, J.M., Jeon, C.O., Song, S.M., and C.J. Kim. 2005''Pontibacillus chungwhensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic Gram-positive bacterium from a solar saltern in Korea'' Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 55:165-170. Nomenclature Taxa within this family are sometimes colloquially identified as bacilli. However, this term is ambiguous because it does not distinguish between class Bacilli, order Bacillales, family Bacilla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacteria
Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats. Bacteria inhabit soil, water, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, and the deep biosphere of Earth's crust. Bacteria are vital in many stages of the nutrient cycle by recycling nutrients such as the fixation of nitrogen from the atmosphere. The nutrient cycle includes the decomposition of dead bodies; bacteria are responsible for the putrefaction stage in this process. In the biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, extremophile bacteria provide the nutrients needed to sustain life by converting dissolved compounds, such as hydrogen sulphide and methane, to energy. Bacteria also live in symbiotic and parasitic relationsh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacillus Subtilis
''Bacillus subtilis'', known also as the hay bacillus or grass bacillus, is a Gram-positive, catalase-positive bacterium, found in soil and the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants, humans and marine sponges. As a member of the genus ''Bacillus'', ''B. subtilis'' is rod-shaped, and can form a tough, protective endospore, allowing it to tolerate extreme environmental conditions. ''B. subtilis'' has historically been classified as an obligate aerobe, though evidence exists that it is a facultative anaerobe. ''B. subtilis'' is considered the best studied Gram-positive bacterium and a model organism to study bacterial chromosome replication and cell differentiation. It is one of the bacterial champions in secreted enzyme production and used on an industrial scale by biotechnology companies. Description ''Bacillus subtilis'' is a Gram-positive bacterium, rod-shaped and catalase-positive. It was originally named ''Vibrio subtilis'' by Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg, and renamed ''B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
L-arabinose Isomerase
In enzymology, a L-arabinose isomerase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction :L-arabinose \rightleftharpoons L-ribulose Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, L-arabinose, and one product, L-ribulose. This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically those intramolecular oxidoreductases interconverting aldoses and ketoses. The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-arabinose aldose-ketose-isomerase. This enzyme participates in pentose and glucuronate interconversions. This enzyme catalyses the conversion of L-arabinose to L-ribulose as the first step in the pathway of L-arabinose utilization as a carbon source. Structural studies As of late 2007, two structures A structure is an arrangement and organization of interrelated elements in a material object or system, or the object or system so organized. Material structures include man-made objects such as buildings and machines and natural objects such as ... have been solved for this class of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exonuclease
Exonucleases are enzymes that work by cleaving nucleotides one at a time from the end (exo) of a polynucleotide chain. A hydrolyzing reaction that breaks phosphodiester bonds at either the 3′ or the 5′ end occurs. Its close relative is the endonuclease, which cleaves phosphodiester bonds in the middle (endo) of a polynucleotide chain. Eukaryotes and prokaryotes have three types of exonucleases involved in the normal turnover of mRNA: 5′ to 3′ exonuclease (Xrn1), which is a dependent decapping protein; 3′ to 5′ exonuclease, an independent protein; and poly(A)-specific 3′ to 5′ exonuclease. In both archaea and eukaryotes, one of the main routes of RNA degradation is performed by the multi-protein exosome complex, which consists largely of 3′ to 5′ exoribonucleases. Significance to polymerase RNA polymerase II is known to be in effect during transcriptional termination; it works with a 5' exonuclease (human gene Xrn2) to degrade the newly formed transcript ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase
Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD), also known as dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''DLD'' gene. DLD is a flavoprotein enzyme that oxidizes dihydrolipoamide to lipoamide. Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD) is a mitochondrial enzyme that plays a vital role in energy metabolism in eukaryotes. This enzyme is required for the complete reaction of at least five different multi-enzyme complexes. Additionally, DLD is a flavoenzyme oxidoreductase that contains a reactive disulfide bridge and a FAD cofactor that are directly involved in catalysis. The enzyme associates into tightly bound homodimers required for its enzymatic activity. File:Lipoamide-2D-skeletal.png, Lipoamide File:Dihydrolipoamide.svg, Dihydrolipoamide Structure The protein encoded by the DLD gene comes together with another protein to form a dimer in the central metabolic pathway. Several amino acids within the catalytic pocket have been identified as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GTP-binding Protein
G proteins, also known as guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, are a family of proteins that act as molecular switches inside cells, and are involved in transmitting signals from a variety of stimuli outside a cell to its interior. Their activity is regulated by factors that control their ability to bind to and hydrolyze guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to guanosine diphosphate (GDP). When they are bound to GTP, they are 'on', and, when they are bound to GDP, they are 'off'. G proteins belong to the larger group of enzymes called GTPases. There are two classes of G proteins. The first function as monomeric small GTPases (small G-proteins), while the second function as heterotrimeric G protein complexes. The latter class of complexes is made up of '' alpha'' (α), ''beta'' (β) and ''gamma'' (γ) subunits. In addition, the beta and gamma subunits can form a stable dimeric complex referred to as the beta-gamma complex . Heterotrimeric G proteins located within the cell are activ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
