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Saadallah Howayek
Saadallah Howayek ( ar, الحويك) (born 1853) was a politician from the Ottoman period. He lived in Helta, Lebanon and served in the Administration Council for Mount Lebanon between the years 1902 and 1907. Election to council Franko Pasha was the governor of Mount Lebanon from 1868 to 1873. Saadallah Howayek was appointed as interim mutasarrif after Franko Pasha's office expired, while the Ottoman porte appointed a new governor. Saadallah Howayek was then elected into the Maronite Batroun seat of the Administration Council. He won his seat during the Muzaffer Pasha's (born Wladyslaw Czajkowski, from Poland, born 1843 and died 1907) rule as Mutasarrif or governor of Mount Lebanon from 1902–1907. 1910 Demonstrations The councilors who defended this position were Saadallah Howayek (Maronite, Batrun); Khalil Akl (Maronite, Matn); Mahmoud Jumblatt ( Druze, Jezzine); Mohammad Sabra (Druze, Matn); Elias Chouairi (Greek Orthodox, Matn); Youssef Baridi (Greek Catholic, Zahleh); ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hawayek
The surname Howayek, Hoyek, Hawayek, Hayek (in Arabic حايك / حويّك / الحويّك) and its variants is an Arabic surname, common among the Maronite Catholics of Lebanon. The majority of the members live in three Lebanese towns Bdadoun, Hsarat and Helta; the remainder is scattered among other smaller towns and in the diaspora. History Roots Howayek have their origins in the Arab Christian tribe of the Ghassanids (Bani Ghassan بني غسان). They include the Maalouf and Jebara families. Those families originally settled in Houran, southern Lebanon. The Hawayek family was mostly settled in Sirghaya, in south west Lebanon. Emigration to Mount Lebanon After the Crusaders' departed the Middle East the Christian communities fell victim to the persecution of the Mameluks and the Ottoman Turks after them. The Mameluks had conquered Syria and Lebanon and remained rulers until the early 16th century when they themselves were consumed by the expanding Ottoman Empire. The Ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Druze
The Druze (; ar, دَرْزِيٌّ, ' or ', , ') are an Arabic-speaking esoteric ethnoreligious group from Western Asia who adhere to the Druze faith, an Abrahamic, monotheistic, syncretic, and ethnic religion based on the teachings of Hamza ibn Ali ibn Ahmad and ancient Greek philosophers like Plato, Aristotle, Pythagoras, and Zeno of Citium. Adherents of the Druze religion call themselves " the Monotheists" or "the Unitarians" (''al-Muwaḥḥidūn''). The Epistles of Wisdom is the foundational and central text of the Druze faith. The Druze faith incorporates elements of Isma'ilism, Christianity, Gnosticism, Neoplatonism, Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, Hinduism, Pythagoreanism, and other philosophies and beliefs, creating a distinct and secretive theology based on an esoteric interpretation of scripture, which emphasizes the role of the mind and truthfulness. Druze believe in theophany and reincarnation. Druze believe that at the end of the cycle of rebirth, which is achie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lebanese Politicians
Lebanese may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to the Lebanese Republic * Lebanese people, people from Lebanon or of Lebanese descent * Lebanese Arabic, the colloquial form of Arabic spoken in Lebanon * Lebanese culture * Lebanese cuisine See also * * List of Lebanese people This is a list of notable individuals born and residing mainly in Lebanon. Lebanese expatriates residing overseas and possessing Lebanese citizenship are also included. Activists * Lydia Canaan – activist, advocate, public speaker, and Unite ... {{disambig Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lebanese Maronites
Lebanese Maronite Christians ( ar, المسيحية المارونية في لبنان; syc, ܡܫܝܚܝ̈ܐ ܡܪ̈ܘܢܝܐ ܕܠܒܢܢ) are adherents of the Maronite Church in Lebanon, which is the largest Christian denomination in the country. The Maronite Church is an Eastern Catholic Church in full communion with the worldwide Catholic Church. The Lebanese Maronite Christians are believed to constitute about 30% of the total population of Lebanon according to election results. Lebanon's constitution was intended to guarantee political representation for each of the nation's ethno-religious groups. The Maronite Catholics and the Druze founded modern Lebanon in the early eighteenth century, through the ruling and social system known as the " Maronite-Druze dualism" in Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate. Under the terms of an unwritten agreement known as the National Pact between the various political and religious leaders of Lebanon, the president of the country must be a Maronit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Keserwan District
Keserwan District ( ar, قضاء كسروان, transliteration: ''Qaḍā' Kisrawān'') is a district (''qadaa'') in Keserwan-Jbeil Governorate, Lebanon, to the northeast of Lebanon's capital Beirut. The capital, Jounieh, is overwhelmingly Maronite Christian. The area is home to the Jabal Moussa Biosphere Reserve. Etymology The name of Keserwan is most probably that of a Persian clan named the Kesra, who were early Persian settlers of the region. Kesra (Arabicized version of Khosro) has always been a common Persian name. Keserwan is its plural form. Demographics According to voter registration data, the population is overwhelmingly Christian–the highest percentage-wise in the nation–with 97.95% of voters being Christian.https://elections.lebanese-forces.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/KESERWAN-JBEIL-1.pdf Of those, Maronites are the predominant denomination, comprising 92.16% of all voters in the district. The remaining Christians are Greek Melkite Catholics (2.14%), "minorit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shiite
Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his successor (''khalīfa'') and the Imam (spiritual and political leader) after him, most notably at the event of Ghadir Khumm, but was prevented from succeeding Muhammad as the leader of the Muslims as a result of the choice made by some of Muhammad's other companions (''ṣaḥāba'') at Saqifah. This view primarily contrasts with that of Sunnī Islam, whose adherents believe that Muhammad did not appoint a successor before his death and consider Abū Bakr, who was appointed caliph by a group of senior Muslims at Saqifah, to be the first rightful (''rāshidūn'') caliph after Muhammad. Adherents of Shīʿa Islam are called Shīʿa Muslims, Shīʿītes, or simply Shīʿa or Shia. Shīʿa Islam is based on a ''ḥadīth'' report concerning Muhammad's pronouncement at Ghadir Khumm.Esposito, John. "What Everyone Needs to K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek Catholic
The term Greek Catholic Church can refer to a number of Eastern Catholic Churches following the Byzantine (Greek) liturgy, considered collectively or individually. The terms Greek Catholic, Greek Catholic church or Byzantine Catholic, Byzantine Catholic Church may refer to: * Individually, any 14 of the 23 Eastern Catholic Churches which use the Byzantine rite, a.k.a. ''Greek Rite'': ** the Albanian Greek Catholic Church ** the Belarusian Greek Catholic Church ** the Bulgarian Greek Catholic Church ** the Greek Catholic Church of Croatia and Serbia ** the Greek Byzantine Catholic Church, in Greece and Turkey ** the Hungarian Greek Catholic Church ** the Italo-Albanian Catholic Church ** the Macedonian Greek Catholic Church ** the Melkite Greek Catholic Church ** the Romanian Greek Catholic Church (officially the ''Romanian Church United with Rome, Greek-Catholic'') ** the Russian Greek Catholic Church ** the Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church ** the Slovak Greek Catholic Church ** ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek Orthodox
The term Greek Orthodox Church (Greek language, Greek: Ἑλληνορθόδοξη Ἐκκλησία, ''Ellinorthódoxi Ekklisía'', ) has two meanings. The broader meaning designates "the Eastern Orthodox Church, entire body of Orthodox (Chalcedonian) Christianity, sometimes also called 'Eastern Orthodox,' 'Greek Catholic,' or generally 'the Greek Church. The narrower meaning designates "any of several Autocephaly, independent churches within the worldwide communion of Eastern Orthodoxy, [Eastern] Orthodox Christianity that retain the use of the Greek language in formal ecclesiastical settings". Etymology Historically, the term "Greek Orthodox" has been used to describe all Eastern Orthodox churches, since the term "Greek" can refer to the heritage of the Byzantine Empire. During the first eight centuries of Christian history, most major intellectual, cultural, and social developments in the Christian Church took place in the Byzantine Empire or its Byzantine commonwealth, sphe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jezzine
Jezzine ( ''Jizzīn'') is a town in Lebanon, located from Sidon and south of Beirut. It is the capital of Jezzine District. Surrounded by mountain peaks, pine forests (like the Bkassine Pine Forest), and at an average altitude of 950 m (3,117 ft), it is the main summer resort and tourist destination of South Lebanon. The town is also well-known in Lebanon for its production of handmade, traditional cutlery and daggers with decorative inlays, artisanal wine, and the shrine of Our Lady of the Waterfall. Demography The inhabitants of Jezzine are mainly Lebanese Maronite Christians, Maronite and Lebanese Melkite Christians, Melkite Christianity in Lebanon, Christians. The town is located on the slopes of Tumat Niha and is surrounded with pine forests, vineyards and orchards. From the top of the huge rocky promontory known as al Shir, the visitor enjoys a panoramic view of the surrounding localities scattered in the midst of a fertile plain and protected by mountains. Cu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jumblatt
The Jumblatt family (, originally , meaning "steel-bodied" or "soul of steel"), also transliterated as Joumblatt and Junblat) is a prominent Druze family based in the Chouf area of Mount Lebanon that has dominated Druze politics since the 18th century. The current head of the family is veteran politician Walid Jumblatt, the son and successor of Kamal Jumblatt, one of the most influential figures in modern Lebanese politics. Other members of the family have contributed to cultural, economic and social life in Lebanon. Khaled Jumblatt, a distant cousin of Walid Jumblatt, held the position of minister of economy and was a prominent politician in Lebanon for many years until his death in 1993. Besides the Chouf, the family owns mansions and villas within the distinguished Clemenceau area of Beirut and in the northwest area of Sidon. History Origins The scholarly consensus of the Jumblatts' origins is based on the history of the local, 19th-century chronicler Tannus al-Shidyaq, with some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) // CITED: p. 36 (PDF p. 38/338) also known as the Turkish Empire, was an empire that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia, and Northern Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries. It was founded at the end of the 13th century in northwestern Anatolia in the town of Söğüt (modern-day Bilecik Province) by the Turkoman tribal leader Osman I. After 1354, the Ottomans crossed into Europe and, with the conquest of the Balkans, the Ottoman beylik was transformed into a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Mehmed the Conqueror. Under the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire marked the peak of its power and prosperity, as well a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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