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Romanian National Committee (1948)
Romanian National Committee ( ro, Comitetul Național Român, CNR) was an anti-communist organization of Romanian post-World War II exiles in the Western world. It claimed to represent a government in exile. Its aim was to defend Romanian democratic interests in the West at a time when the Communist Party was in power in Romania. History The committee was established in Washington, D.C. by General Nicolae Rădescu, one of the Prime Ministers of Romania after the overthrow of dictator Ion Antonescu by King Michael I and the opposition parties. He was also the last Prime Minister of Romania not to be affiliated with the Communist Party. Initially called the National Committee of Romanian Coordination (''Comitetul Național de Coordonare Românească''), the CNR was one of nine organizations that made up the Assembly of Captive European Nations. At the time when it was established, the committee consisted of ten members from three major pre-war Romanian parties, the National Peas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolae Rădescu
Nicolae Rădescu (; 30 March 1874 – 16 May 1953) was a Romanian army officer and political figure. He was the last pre-communist rule Prime Minister of Romania, serving from 7 December 1944 to 1 March 1945. Biography Early life and education The son of small landowners (Radu and Zamfira), Rădescu was born on 30 March 1874 in Călimănești, Vâlcea County. He attended the Military School for Officers, graduating on 1 July 1898 with the rank of second lieutenant. He pursued his military studies at the Cavalry School, graduating in June 1900 and being promoted to lieutenant in 1903, and then at the Higher War School in Bucharest (1904–1905), being promoted to captain on 4 October 1909. Second Balkan War and World War I In the summer of 1913 he saw action with the 1st Cavalry Division in the military campaign in Bulgaria during the Second Balkan War. He was promoted to major on 1 April 1916, and served in World War I during the Romanian Campaign of 1916 with the 5th Regiment ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)
The National Liberal Party ( ro, Partidul Național Liberal, PNL) was the first organised political party in Romania, a major force in the country's politics from its foundation in 1875 to World War II. Established in order to represent the interests of the nascent local bourgeoisie, until World War I it contested power with the Conservative Party, supported primarily by wealthy landowners, effectively creating a two-party system in a political system which severely limited the representation of the peasant majority through census suffrage. Unlike its major opponent, the PNL managed to preserve its prominence after the implementation of universal male suffrage, playing an important role in shaping the institutional framework of ''Greater Romania'' during the 1920s. History Dominated throughout its existence by the Brătianu family, the party was periodically affected by strong factionalism. Among the many splits during the party's early history a notable one was that led ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grigore Gafencu
Grigore Gafencu (; January 30, 1892 – January 30, 1957) was a Romanian politician, diplomat and journalist. Political career Gafencu was born in Bârlad. He studied law and received his Ph.D. in law from the University of Bucharest. During World War I, he participated as a lieutenant and received the Mihai Viteazul Order for courage in battle. After the war, he became a journalist and founded the ''Timpul Familiei'' newspaper, which was translated in French and distributed in many countries. At the age of 32, he became a National Peasants' Party deputy in the Romanian Chamber of Deputies (lower house of the Romanian Parliament) and was the assistant of the Minister of Foreign Affairs during the Iuliu Maniu government of 1928. In 1939, he became a Minister of Foreign Affairs. For the next two years, he tried to assure the neutrality of Romania, which was caught up between Germany and the Soviet Union. His efforts obtained guarantees from France and Great Britain, which were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolae Caranfil
Nicolae Gheorghe Caranfil (also spelled Caramfil; 28 November 1893 – 22 April 1978) was a Romanian fencer. He competed in the team foil event at the 1928 Summer Olympics. Born in Galați, he completed his secondary studies at the city's Vasile Alecsandri High School in 1911. He then went to Bucharest to study at the National School of Bridges and Roads, completing his civil engineering studies at the École de Génie Civil of Université de Gand in Belgium, followed by post-graduate studies at the University of Cambridge. After returning to Romania, Caranfil was mobilized into the Army in 1916 as a second lieutenant and served in an artillery unit during World War I. From 1922 to 1929 he was director of the Electrica company, founded by fellow engineer Dimitrie Leonida. From 13 November 1936 to 1 January 1937 Caranfil served as Minister of Air and Marine in the Third Tătărăscu cabinet. He was elected a corresponding member of the Romanian Academy in 1940. A stre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constantin Vișoianu
Constantin Vișoianu (4 February 1897 – 3 January 1994) was a Romanian jurist, diplomat, and politician, who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs at the end of World War II. He later emigrated to the United States, where he served as President of the Romanian National Committee. Biography Early years Born in Urlați, Prahova County, he studied at the University of Bucharest and got a doctor's degree in Law at the Sorbonne in Paris. Upon returning to Romania, Vișoianu practiced as a lawyer at the Olt County Bar (starting in 1926), then at the Bucharest Bar (from 1937). Vișoianu was technical advisor at the League of Nations. From 1931 to 1933 he was member of the Romanian permanent delegation to the Conference on Disarmament. He was thereafter appointed minister plenipotentiary to The Hague (1 July 1933–1 October 1935) and Warsaw (1 October 1935–25 October 1936). World War II During World War II, Vișoianu was an unofficial advisor to the opposition to the dictatoria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliament Of Romania
The Parliament of Romania ( ro, Parlamentul României) is the national bicameral legislature of Romania, consisting of the Chamber of Deputies ( ro, Camera Deputaților) and the Senate ( ro, Senat). It meets at the Palace of the Parliament in Bucharest, the capital of the country. Prior to the modification of the Constitution in 2003, the two houses had identical attributes. A text of a law had to be approved by both houses. If the text differed, a special commission ( ro, comisie de mediere) was formed by deputies and senators, that "negotiated" between the two houses the form of the future law. The report of this commission had to be approved in a joint session of the Parliament. After the 2003 referendum, a law still has to be approved by both houses, but each house has designated matters it gets to deliberate before the other, in capacity of "deciding chamber" ( ro, cameră decizională). If that first chamber adopts a law proposal (relating to its competences), it is pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grigore Niculescu-Buzești
Grigore Niculescu-Buzești (August 1, 1908 – October 4, 1949) was a Romanian politician who served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Romania. Niculescu-Buzești was one of the founding members of Romanian National Committee (''Comitetul Național Român''), an organization which claimed to be a Romanian government in exile. He was also one of the participants in the plot against the Romanian Nazi-collaborating dictator Ion Antonescu organized by the King Michael of Romania. Niculescu-Buzești died on October 12, 1949 in New York City. See also *Foreign relations of Romania The foreign relations of Romania are conducted by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (''Ministerul Afacerilor Externe''; MAE). Romania is a member of NATO and the European Union. Diplomatic list List of countries which Romania maintains diplomatic ... References Romanian Ministers of Foreign Affairs 1908 births 1949 deaths People from Sarata {{Romania-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mihail Fărcășanu
Mihail Fărcășanu (November 10, 1907 – July 14, 1987) was a Romanian journalist, diplomat and writer. He was president of the ''National Liberal Youth'' from 1937 to 1946. Pursued by the authorities due to his anti-communist actions, he managed to flee the country in 1946, and was later sentenced to death. He was member of the Romanian National Committee ( ro, Comitetul Național Român) and the League of Free Romanians (''Liga Românilor Liberi'') where he was elected as president in 1953. He was the first manager of the Romanian-language section of Radio Free Europe. His most important work is ''Frunzele nu mai sunt aceleași'' ("The Leaves Are No Longer the Same"), published in 1946 under the pen name Mihail Villara. The work was given the Editura Cultura Națională Grand Prize. Ancestry Fărcășanu was a direct descendant of Popa Stoica from Fărcaș, Dolj County. Popa Stoica was a priest who abandoned the church and fought against the Ottoman Empire in the army o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Allies Of World War II
The Allies, formally referred to as the United Nations from 1942, were an international military coalition formed during the Second World War (1939–1945) to oppose the Axis powers, led by Nazi Germany, Imperial Japan, and Fascist Italy. Its principal members by 1941 were the United Kingdom, United States, Soviet Union, and China. Membership in the Allies varied during the course of the war. When the conflict broke out on 1 September 1939, the Allied coalition consisted of the United Kingdom, France, and Poland, as well as their respective dependencies, such as British India. They were soon joined by the independent dominions of the British Commonwealth: Canada, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. Consequently, the initial alliance resembled that of the First World War. As Axis forces began invading northern Europe and the Balkans, the Allies added the Netherlands, Belgium, Norway, Greece, and Yugoslavia. The Soviet Union, which initially had a nonaggression pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ankara
Ankara ( , ; ), historically known as Ancyra and Angora, is the capital of Turkey. Located in the central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5.1 million in its urban center and over 5.7 million in Ankara Province, making it Turkey's second-largest city after Istanbul. Serving as the capital of the ancient Celtic state of Galatia (280–64 BC), and later of the Roman province with the same name (25 BC–7th century), the city is very old, with various Hattian, Hittite, Lydian, Phrygian, Galatian, Greek, Persian, Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman archeological sites. The Ottomans made the city the capital first of the Anatolia Eyalet (1393 – late 15th century) and then the Angora Vilayet (1867–1922). The historical center of Ankara is a rocky hill rising over the left bank of the Ankara River, a tributary of the Sakarya River. The hill remains crowned by the ruins of Ankara Castle. Although few of its outworks have survived, there are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
London
London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a major settlement for two millennia. The City of London, its ancient core and financial centre, was founded by the Romans as '' Londinium'' and retains its medieval boundaries.See also: Independent city § National capitals The City of Westminster, to the west of the City of London, has for centuries hosted the national government and parliament. Since the 19th century, the name "London" has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split between the counties of Middlesex, Essex, Surrey, Kent, and Hertfordshire, which largely comprises Greater London, governed by the Greater London Authority.The Greater London Authority consists of the Mayor of London and the London Assembly. The London Mayor is distinguished fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
