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Road Transport In The Netherlands
With 139,000 km of public roads, the Netherlands has one of the most dense road networks in the world – much denser than Germany and France, but still not as dense as Belgium. In 2013, 5,191 km were national roads, 7,778 km were provincial roads, and 125,230 km were municipality and other roads. Dutch roads include 3,530 km of motorways and expressways, and with a motorway density of 64 kilometres per 1,000 km2, the country also has one of the densest motorway networks in the world. In Dutch a motorway is called "autosnelweg" or simply "snelweg"; other expressways are just called "autoweg" (''literally: "car road"''). According to a 2004 estimate, some 12,500 km of road remain as yet unpaved. Mobility on Dutch roads has grown continuously since the 1950s and now exceeds 200 billion km travelled per year. With a population of 16.8 million people, this comes down to an average of per person per day. Around half of all trips in the Nether ...
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Ridderkerk Interchange
Ridderkerk () is a town and municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. The municipality had a population of in and covers an area of of which is covered by water. The municipality of Ridderkerk also includes the following towns, villages and townships: Bolnes, Oostendam, Rijsoord and Slikkerveer. Ridderkerk has a museum called De Oudheidkamer, about the history of the town. The Centre of Ridderkerk has a central square for events and there is a theater. Public transport ;Waterbus: * At the Waterbus stop "de Schans" you can board the number 20 Waterbus to Dordrecht, Papendrecht, Hendrik Ido Ambacht, Alblasserdam, Krimpen aan den IJssel or Rotterdam. * At the Waterbus stop "de Schans" you can also take line 6 to: Krimpen aan de Lek and Kinderdijk. ;Buses: * The bus services are mostly operated by RET and they go to Rotterdam, Barendrecht and Dordrecht. There are two Arriva bus services to Zwijndrecht and Hendrik Ido Ambacht. Topography ''T ...
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A1 Motorway (Netherlands)
The A1 is a motorway in the Netherlands. The road connects the capital city of Amsterdam, near the interchange of Watergraafsmeer, with the German border, near Oldenzaal and Bad Bentheim, and the German Autobahn BAB 30. On its way, it crosses four provinces: North Holland, Utrecht, Gelderland and Overijssel. European routes The section of the road between its start at the interchange Watergraafsmeer, and the interchange of Hoevelaken near Amersfoort, is also a European route: the E231. This section of the A1 is the complete E231 route; the E231 does not consist of any other road or section. Between the interchange Hoevelaken and the German border (and beyond, along the BAB 30), the European route E30 follows the A1 motorway. This European route is a so-called A-Class West-East European route, going from Cork in Ireland all the way to Omsk in Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Ea ...
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Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of the world's major centres of finance, diplomacy, commerce, fashion, gastronomy, and science. For its leading role in the arts and sciences, as well as its very early system of street lighting, in the 19th century it became known as "the City of Light". Like London, prior to the Second World War, it was also sometimes called the capital of the world. The City of Paris is the centre of the Île-de-France region, or Paris Region, with an estimated population of 12,262,544 in 2019, or about 19% of the population of France, making the region France's primate city. The Paris Region had a GDP of €739 billion ($743 billion) in 2019, which is the highest in Europe. According to the Economist Intelli ...
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Street Paving
A road surface (British English), or pavement (American English), is the durable surface material laid down on an area intended to sustain vehicular or foot traffic, such as a road or walkway. In the past, gravel road surfaces, hoggin, cobblestone and granite setts were extensively used, but these have mostly been replaced by asphalt or concrete laid on a compacted base course. Asphalt mixtures have been used in pavement construction since the beginning of the 20th century and are of two types: metalled (hard-surfaced) and unmetalled roads. Metalled roadways are made to sustain vehicular load and so are usually made on frequently used roads. Unmetalled roads, also known as gravel roads, are rough and can sustain less weight. Road surfaces are frequently marked to guide traffic. Today, permeable paving methods are beginning to be used for low-impact roadways and walkways. Pavements are crucial to countries such as United States and Canada, which heavily depend on road transpo ...
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First French Empire
The First French Empire, officially the French Republic, then the French Empire (; Latin: ) after 1809, also known as Napoleonic France, was the empire ruled by Napoleon Bonaparte, who established French hegemony over much of continental Europe at the beginning of the 19th century. It lasted from 18 May 1804 to 11 April 1814 and again briefly from 20 March 1815 to 7 July 1815. Although France had already established a colonial empire overseas since the early 17th century, the French state had remained a kingdom under the Bourbons and a republic after the French Revolution. Historians refer to Napoleon's regime as the ''First Empire'' to distinguish it from the restorationist ''Second Empire'' (1852–1870) ruled by his nephew Napoleon III. The First French Empire is considered by some to be a " Republican empire." On 18 May 1804, Napoleon was granted the title Emperor of the French (', ) by the French and was crowned on 2 December 1804, signifying the end of the French ...
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Kingdom Of Holland
The Kingdom of Holland ( nl, Holland (contemporary), (modern); french: Royaume de Hollande) was created by Napoleon Bonaparte, overthrowing the Batavian Republic in March 1806 in order to better control the Netherlands. Since becoming Emperor in 1804, Napoleon sought to extirpate republican tendencies in territories France controlled, and placed his third brother, Louis Bonaparte, on the throne of the puppet kingdom.Jonathan Israel, ''The Dutch Republic: Its Rise, Greatness, and Fall 1477-1806''. Oxford: Oxford University Press 1995, 1128. The name of the leading province, Holland, now designated the whole country. In 1807, East Frisia and Jever were added to the kingdom. In 1809, after the Walcheren Campaign, Holland had to surrender all territories south of the river Rhine to France. Also in 1809, Dutch forces fighting on the French side participated in defeating the anti-Bonapartist German rebellion led by Ferdinand von Schill, at the battle of Stralsund. King Louis did ...
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Napoleon
Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led successful campaigns during the Revolutionary Wars. He was the ''de facto'' leader of the French Republic as First Consul from 1799 to 1804, then Emperor of the French from 1804 until 1814 and again in 1815. Napoleon's political and cultural legacy endures to this day, as a highly celebrated and controversial leader. He initiated many liberal reforms that have persisted in society, and is considered one of the greatest military commanders in history. His wars and campaigns are studied by militaries all over the world. Between three and six million civilians and soldiers perished in what became known as the Napoleonic Wars. Napoleon was born on the island of Corsica, not long af ...
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Amsterdam
Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the Capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population of 907,976 within the city proper, 1,558,755 in the City Region of Amsterdam, urban area and 2,480,394 in the Amsterdam metropolitan area, metropolitan area. Located in the Provinces of the Netherlands, Dutch province of North Holland, Amsterdam is colloquially referred to as the "Venice of the North", for its large number of canals, now designated a World Heritage Site, UNESCO World Heritage Site. Amsterdam was founded at the mouth of the Amstel River that was dammed to control flooding; the city's name derives from the Amstel dam. Originally a small fishing village in the late 12th century, Amsterdam became a major world port during the Dutch Golden Age of the 17th century, when the Netherlands was an economic powerhouse. Amsterdam is th ...
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Coen Tunnel
The Coentunnel (1966) is a tunnel in the A10 motorway under the North Sea Canal in western Amsterdam. The tunnel is named for the 17th-century colonizer Jan Pieterszoon Coen. The tunnel itself is 1283 metres long of which 587 metres are fully covered. The tunnel connects the Zaan district with the western part of Amsterdam. The tunnel reaches a maximum depth of 22 metres. Before the tunnel was built, the Hem ferry and, to a lesser degree, the Schellingwouder bridge were the most important connections between Amsterdam and Zaandam, and this was a serious bottleneck for traffic. In 1959 5,800 vehicles were ferried daily and waiting times reached 45 minutes or more. In the 1950s inhabitants petitioned successfully for a tunnel under the North Sea Canal. Construction commenced in 1961 and the total cost amounted to 45 million Dutch guilders. The opening of the tunnel was inaugurated on 21 June 1966 by Queen Juliana Juliana (; Juliana Louise Emma Marie Wilhelmina; 30 April 190 ...
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A10 Motorway (Netherlands)
The A10 motorway ( nl, Rijksweg 10) is a motorway in the Netherlands. This motorway is the ring road around the city of Amsterdam. It has a length of . Five other motorways connect to the A10: motorway A8 at interchange Coenplein (north), motorway A5 at interchange Coenplein (south), A4 at interchange De Nieuwe Meer, A2 at interchange Amstel, and A1 at interchange Watergraafsmeer. Part of the A10 is the Coentunnel, crossing the Noordzeekanaal ("North Sea Canal"). This twin tube tunnel was notorious for traffic jams for decades and another two tubes have been built. These new tubes opened on 13 May 2013 and the old tubes were closed for extensive renovation. On 21 July 2014 the old tubes were reopened after completing the renovations and all four tubes became be available for traffic. The city of Amsterdam has a network of numbered ''stadsroutes'' (city routes). These routes are indicated with an "s" prefix followed by a three digit number starting at 100. Since these s-rout ...
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A28 Motorway (Netherlands)
The A28 motorway is a motorway in the Netherlands. It is approximately 188 kilometers in length. The A28 traverses the Dutch provinces of Utrecht, Gelderland, Overijssel, Drenthe and Groningen. The road connects the cities of Utrecht, Amersfoort, Zwolle, Assen, and Groningen. Overview The A28 motorway's southern terminus is in the city of Utrecht, at an intersection with the Waterlinieweg, an important arterial road through the eastern part of the city. Major motorway junctions can be found at the interchanges Rijnsweerd near Utrecht ( A27), Hoevelaken near Amersfoort ( A1), Hattemerbroek near Zwolle ( motorway A50 / highway N50), Lankhorst near Meppel ( A32) and Hoogeveen near Hoogeveen ( A37). The northern terminus is at the traffic light controlled intersection of Julianaplein near Groningen ( motorway A7 / highway N7). The A28, however, is not the most direct connection between Utrecht and Groningen. The route via Lelystad and Heerenveen, following the A27, A6 and th ...
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