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Rinkenwall
The Rinkenwall or Rinkenmauer is a circular rampart fortification at the southeastern tip of the Rinkenkopf mountain above the Murg valley near the village of Baiersbronn in the county of Freudenstadt in the south German state of Baden-Württemberg. The hillfort could have been a fortification built to protect Reichenbach Abbey, which was built in the late 11th century and which is named as its owner. History The fortification is first recorded around 1100 in the gift register at Reichenbach Abbey. Here an estate is referred to as ''in monte qui Rincga vocatur''. The word ''Rincga'' means roughly "ring-shaped", probably referring to the circular rampart (''Ringwall''). The donation of holdings on the Rinkenberg clearly suggests that the fortification at that time had no longer any military or administrative function. There have been detailed descriptions since 1859. These offer various interpretations of the age of the fort and its use as a refuge castle or to protect gra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rinkenkopf
The Rinkenkopf is a mountain, 760 m high, on the territory of Baiersbronn in the Northern Black Forest. The wooded mountain ridge is bounded in the south by the Murg valley and in the northeast by the valley of the Tonbach. To the northwest a roughly 50-metre-deep saddle (the ''Sattelei'') separates it from the foothills of the Grindenschwarzwald. On the mountain are the Rinkenwall (''Rinkenmauer''), Rinken Tower (''Rinkenturm'') and two transmission towers. Several hiking trails lead there, including the Murgleiter and der Genießerpfad to the Sattelei Hut. Rinkenwall At the top of the mountain are the remains of a 115-metre-long and up to 40-metre-wide circular rampart. The date it was built and its purpose are unknown. In the gift register (''Schenkungsbuch'') of Reichenbach Abbey is the first mention of the mountain around 1100: ''in monte qui Rincga vocatur''. The ring-shaped earthworks were probably already in existence at this time and gave the mountain its name. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baiersbronn
Baiersbronn is a Municipalities of Germany, municipality and a village in the district of Freudenstadt (district), Freudenstadt in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is situated in the Black Forest on the Murg (Northern Black Forest), Murg river. Nearby is the mountain of Rinkenkopf (759.6 m) with its hillfort, the Rinkenwall. Administratively, Baiersbronn consists of the following nine villages: * Baiersbronn * Friedrichstal * Huzenbach * Klosterreichenbach * Mitteltal * Obertal * Röt-Schönegründ * Schönmünzach-Schwarzenberg * Tonbach In its current form, Baiersbronn was created in the 1960s and 1970s by joining five municipalities. Its main industry is tourism. Baiersbronn is twinned with Midhurst in West Sussex, England. Reichenbach Priory (Baden-Württemberg), Reichenbach Priory, a medieval monastery building, is located in the village of Klosterreichenbach. Baiersbronn is famous as a centre of haute cuisine in Germany, having 8 Michelin stars in total. In 20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hill Castle
A hill castle or mountain castle is a castle built on a natural feature that stands above the surrounding terrain. It is a term derived from the German ''Höhenburg'' used in categorising castle sites by their topographical location. Hill castles are thus distinguished from lowland castles (''Niederungsburgen''). Hill castles may be further subdivided depending on their situation into the following: * Hilltop castle (''Gipfelburg''), that stands on the summit of a hill with steep drops on all sides. A special type is the rock castle or ''Felsenburg''. * Ridge castle (''Kammburg''), that is built on the crest of a ridge. * Hillside castle (''Hangburg''), that is built on the side of a hill and thus is dominated by rising ground on one side. * Spur castle (''Spornburg''), that is built on a hill spur surrounded by steep terrain on three sides and thus only needs to be defended on the one remaining side. When in the 10th and 11th centuries castles lost their pure fortress charact ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Refuge Castle
A refuge castleCreighton, Oliver (2015). ''Early European Castles''. Bloomsbury. or refuge fort (german: Fliehburg, also ''Fluchtburg'', ''Volksburg'', ''Bauernburg'' or ''Vryburg'') is a castle-like defensive location, usually surrounded by ramparts, that is not permanently occupied but acts as a temporary retreat for the local population when threatened by war or attack. In former times such sites were also described as giant castles (German: ''Hünenburgen'') because their origin was ascribed to giants. History In Europe a multitude of large protohistoric sites surrounded by earthworks has been uncovered by archaeological excavations, many over 100 metres in diameter, that are understood to be refuge castles. Amongst ancient historical references to them are the refuge castles of the Gauls described by Caesar as ''oppida'', although they could also be permanent settlements. Similar ringwork (''Ringwall'') systems were built by the various Germanic and Slavic tribes, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moat
A moat is a deep, broad ditch, either dry or filled with water, that is dug and surrounds a castle, fortification, building or town, historically to provide it with a preliminary line of defence. In some places moats evolved into more extensive water defences, including natural or artificial lakes, dams and sluices. In older fortifications, such as hillforts, they are usually referred to simply as ditches, although the function is similar. In later periods, moats or water defences may be largely ornamental. They could also act as a sewer. Historical use Ancient Some of the earliest evidence of moats has been uncovered around ancient Egyptian castles. One example is at Buhen, a castle excavated in Nubia. Other evidence of ancient moats is found in the ruins of Babylon, and in reliefs from ancient Egypt, Assyria, and other cultures in the region. Evidence of early moats around settlements has been discovered in many archaeological sites throughout Southeast Asia, including ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clearance Cairn
A clearance cairn is an irregular and unstructured collection of fieldstones which have been removed from arable land or pasture to allow for more effective agriculture and collected into a usually low mound or cairn. Commonly of Bronze Age origins, these cairns may be part of a cairnfield (a collection of closely spaced cairns) where some cairns might be funerary. Clearance cairns are a worldwide phenomenon wherever organised agriculture has been practised. Purpose of clearance By removing large and moderate size stones from the surface and sub-surface, ploughing can take place with much less potential damage taking place to the plough blade. Stones also prevent the growth of plants where they physically block access to the soil and their removal allows for a greater surface area for crops to grow and to allow for plants to grow to their full potential; Stones also increase drainage and may therefore deprive plants of moisture. Stones were removed from fields to allow for the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archaeological
Archaeology or archeology is the scientific study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscapes. Archaeology can be considered both a social science and a branch of the humanities. It is usually considered an independent academic discipline, but may also be classified as part of anthropology (in North America – the four-field approach), history or geography. Archaeologists study human prehistory and history, from the development of the first stone tools at Lomekwi in East Africa 3.3 million years ago up until recent decades. Archaeology is distinct from palaeontology, which is the study of fossil remains. Archaeology is particularly important for learning about prehistoric societies, for which, by definition, there are no written records. Prehistory includes over 99% of the human past, from the Paleolithic until the adven ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transmission Tower
A transmission tower, also known as an electricity pylon or simply a pylon in British English and as a hydro tower in Canadian English, is a tall structure, usually a steel lattice tower, used to support an overhead power line. In electrical grids, they are generally used to carry high-voltage transmission lines that transport bulk electric power from generating stations to electrical substations; utility poles are used to support lower-voltage subtransmission and distribution lines that transport power from substations to electric customers. They come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. Typical height ranges from , though the tallest are the towers of a span between the islands Jintang and Cezi in China's Zhejiang province. The longest span of any hydroelectric crossing ever built belongs to Ameralik Span, the powerline crossing of Ameralik fjord with a length of . In addition to steel, other materials may be used, including concrete and wood. There are four major categ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dating
Dating is a stage of romantic relationships in which two individuals engage in an activity together, most often with the intention of evaluating each other's suitability as a partner in a future intimate relationship. It falls into the category of courtship, consisting of social events carried out by the couple either alone or with others. The protocols and practices of dating and the terms used to describe it vary vastly between cultures, societies, and time periods. Although dating is most often colloquially used to refer to the action of individuals engaging in dates with one other, dating can also encompass a wide range of activities which fall outside participation in social events. The meaning of dating also shifted during the 20th century to include a more informal use referring to a romantic, sexual relationship itself beyond an introductory or trial stage. Although informal, this meaning is very common and is used in formal speech as well as writing. Although taboo ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reichenbach Abbey (Baden-Württemberg)
Reichenbach may refer to: Places Austria * Reichenbach (Litschau), a part of Litschau * Reichenbach (Rappottenstein), a part of Rappottenstein Germany * Reichenbach (Oberlausitz), in Niederschlesischer Oberlausitzkreis district, Saxony * Reichenbach im Vogtland, in Vogtlandkreis district, Saxony * Reichenbach am Heuberg, in Tuttlingen district, Baden-Württemberg * Reichenbach an der Fils, in Esslingen district, Baden-Württemberg * Reichenbach, Upper Palatinate, in Cham district, Bavaria ** Reichenbach Abbey (Bavaria), Benedictine monastery in Reichenbach * Reichenbach, Upper Franconia, in Kronach district, Bavaria * Reichenbach, Thuringia in Saale-Holzland district, Thuringia * Reichenbach, Birkenfeld, in Birkenfeld district, Rhineland-Palatinate * Reichenbach (Hornberg), in the Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg * Reichenbach-Steegen in Kaiserslautern district, Rhineland-Palatinate * Reichenbach, a part of Hessisch Lichtenau, Hesse * Reichenbach, a part of Lautertal (Ode ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gift Register
The gift register (german: Schenkungsbuch) of an abbey or monastery was a record of the properties forming its estate, the majority of which came from gifts (''Schenkungen''). The register served as proof of the legitimacy of these properties and thus provided some security and protection for them. As a rule, the register comprised transcripts of the original documents, not the deed itself, as in the case of the sometimes protocular tradition books. In order to facilitate the management of the estate, documents spanning several centuries were often organised geographically. The entries were kept up-to-date over a longer period of time. Reichenbach Gift Register The Reichenbach Gift Register (''Reichenbacher Schenkungsbuch'') belonging to Reichenbach Abbey in the Northern Black Forest was preserved in three volumes: first the St. Paul Manuscript (1099-1105), then the Stuttgart Manuscript (1143-1152) and finally the Wiblingen Manuscript (16th century). The latter, however, has bee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burgstall
A ''burgstall'' is a German term referring to a castle of which so little is left that its appearance cannot effectively be reconstructed.''Burgstall'' in the ''Adelung'' at lexika.digitale-sammlungen.de It has no direct equivalent in English, but may be loosely translated as "castle site". Variations in the literature include ''Burgstelle'', ''Altburgstelle'', ''die Burgställe'' (plural), ''Burgstähl'' (archaic) or ''abgegangene Burg'' ("lost castle"). In German castle studies, a ''burgstall'' is a castle that has effectively been levelled, whereas a "ruin" (''Ruine'') still has recognisable remnants of the original castle above the level of the ground. Definitions The word ''burgstall'' is of medieval origin and comes from ''Burg'' = "castle" and ''Stelle'' = "plac ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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