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Richland, Iowa
Richland is a city in Keokuk County, Iowa, United States. The population was 542 at the time of the 2020 census. Geography Richland is located at (41.184899, -91.993871). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all of it land. Demographics 2010 census As of the census of 2010, there were 584 people, 239 households, and 161 families living in the city. The population density was . There were 262 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 98.5% White, 0.3% African American, 0.7% Native American, and 0.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.3% of the population. There were 239 households, of which 31.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.4% were married couples living together, 10.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 32.6% were non-families. 28.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and ...
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City
A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be defined as a permanent and densely settled place with administratively defined boundaries whose members work primarily on non-agricultural tasks. Cities generally have extensive systems for housing, transportation, sanitation, utilities, land use, production of goods, and communication. Their density facilitates interaction between people, government organisations and businesses, sometimes benefiting different parties in the process, such as improving efficiency of goods and service distribution. Historically, city-dwellers have been a small proportion of humanity overall, but following two centuries of unprecedented and rapid urbanization, more than half of the world population now lives in cities, which has had profound consequences for g ...
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Hispanic (U
The term ''Hispanic'' ( es, hispano) refers to people, cultures, or countries related to Spain, the Spanish language, or Hispanidad. The term commonly applies to countries with a cultural and historical link to Spain and to viceroyalties formerly part of the Spanish Empire following the Spanish colonization of the Americas, parts of the Asia-Pacific region and Africa. Outside of Spain, the Spanish language is a predominant or official language in the countries of Hispanic America and Equatorial Guinea. Further, the cultures of these countries were influenced by Spain to different degrees, combined with the local pre-Hispanic culture or other foreign influences. Former Spanish colonies elsewhere, namely the Spanish East Indies (the Philippines, Marianas, etc.) and Spanish Sahara (Western Sahara), were also influenced by Spanish culture, however Spanish is not a predominant language in these regions. Hispanic culture is a set of customs, traditions, beliefs, and art forms (mus ...
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Paul McCracken (economist)
Paul Winston McCracken (December 29, 1915 – August 3, 2012) was an American economist born in Richland, Iowa. He held an M.A. and Ph.D. from Harvard University in Economics and a B.A. from William Penn University. He was the Edmund Ezra Day Distinguished University Professor Emeritus of Business Administration, Economics, and Public Policy at the University of Michigan. McCracken was chairman of the President's Council of Economic Advisors from 1969 to 1971 under President Richard Nixon. He took the lead in developing economic policy at the outset of the Nixon administration. In 1976 he was elected as a Fellow of the American Statistical Association. He chaired the American Enterprise Institute The American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, known simply as the American Enterprise Institute (AEI), is a center-right Washington, D.C.–based think tank that researches government, politics, economics, and social welfare. ...'s Council of Academic Advisors and ...
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Rubio, Iowa
Rubio is an unincorporated community in southwest Washington County, Iowa, United States. It is located on County Highway G67 approximately three miles northwest of Richland in adjacent Keokuk, County. The Skunk River flows past the north side of the community. History Rubio was founded in 1900 when the Milwaukee Railroad was built through the area. Rubio was named after Mexican statesman Pascual Ortiz Rubio,Savage, Tom (2007). ''A Dictionary of Iowa Place-Names'', p. 197. University Of Iowa Press. . who would later become the president of Mexico The president of Mexico ( es, link=no, Presidente de México), officially the president of the United Mexican States ( es, link=no, Presidente de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos), is the head of state and head of government of Mexico. Under the Co .... The Rubio Savings Bank opened in Rubio in 1906; the main office moved to Brighton in 1946. In 1910 the Rubio School opened. The two-classroom school operated until 1960; enrollment a ...
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Pekin, Iowa
Pekin is a small unincorporated community in northwestern Jefferson County, Iowa, United States. History The Burlington and Western Railway arrived in Pekin in late 1882. This was a narrow gauge line, widened to standard gauge in 1902 and taken over by the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy, and then sold to the Minneapolis and St. Louis in 1934. Pekin's population was 32 in 1902. In 1909, Pekin was just one city block with a church and 14 vacant lots, a vacant block north of the Depot and passing siding. The lack of development may be due to the fact that Pekin was not much more than a mile (2 km) northwest of Linby, a village founded in 1902 at the point where a new Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul line crossed the Burlington and Western. Pekin's population in 1925 was 109. Education Pekin is the location of a regional school system, Pekin Community School District, which draws students from Hedrick, Martinsburg, Ollie, Packwood, Richland, and Farson, as well as fr ...
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Farson, Iowa
Farson is an unincorporated community in Competine Township in northeastern Wapello County, Iowa, United States. The community is located four miles south of Martinsburg on the Farson Road. Farson is in the rural zip code (52563) of Hedrick and in the Pekin school district. History Farson was laid out in 1902. A Class II railroad running from Kansas City, Missouri, to Chicago marks the southern edge of the community. The railroad has been owned by the Iowa, Chicago and Eastern Railroad since July 31, 2002; by I&M Rail Link from April 5, 1997, to July 30, 2002; by the Soo Line Railroad The Soo Line Railroad is the primary United States railroad subsidiary of the Canadian Pacific Railway , one of seven U.S. Class I railroads, controlled through the Soo Line Corporation. Although it is named for the Minneapolis, St. Paul and Sa ... from January 1, 1986 – April 4, 1997; and by MILW until December 31, 1985. In 1960, the Farson High School closed in a consolidation with the ...
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Packwood, Iowa
Packwood is a city in Jefferson County, Iowa, United States. The population was 183 at the time of the 2020 census. The Burlington and Western Railway arrived in Packwood in late 1882. This was a narrow gauge line, widened to standard gauge in 1902 and taken over by the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy, and then sold to the Minneapolis and St. Louis in 1934. Geography According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all land. Demographics 2010 census As of the census of 2010, there were 204 people, 85 households, and 52 families living in the city. The population density was . There were 96 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 96.6% White, 1.0% African American, 0.5% Pacific Islander, and 2.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.5% of the population. There were 85 households, of which 28.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.9% were married couples living together, ...
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Ollie, Iowa
Ollie is a city in Keokuk County, Iowa, United States. The population was 201 at the time of the 2020 census. Originally known as Hemingford, the town voted to change the name to Ollie in 1892. Geography Ollie is located at (41.197685, -92.094125). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all of it land. Demographics 2010 census As of the census of 2010, there were 215 people, 97 households, and 58 families living in the city. The population density was . There were 108 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 99.1% White, 0.5% Asian, and 0.5% from two or more races. There were 97 households, of which 22.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.5% were married couples living together, 6.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 40.2% were non-families. 33.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.4% had someone l ...
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Pekin Community High School (Iowa)
Pekin Community School District is a rural public school district headquartered in Pekin, an unincorporated area in Jefferson County, Iowa, near Packwood. It serves the following incorporated communities in Jefferson, Keokuk, Wapello, and Washington counties: Packwood, Hedrick, Martinsburg, Ollie, and Richland. Unincorporated areas served by Pekin schools, aside from Pekin, include Abington, Highland Center, and Rubio. History The school facilities were built on a former runway that was once used to train pilots. In 1986 there was a proposal to merge the Pekin district and the Hedrick Community School District. By 1990 Iowa law allowed students to attend schools in other school districts, but at the time students had to pay tuition there. Hedrick sued the Pekin district over accepting students for free that should have been counted as out of district, as they lived with Pekin district-resident family members or friends of their family but not with their primary caregi ...
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Iowa Department Of Education
The Iowa Department of Education sets the standards for all public institutions of education in Iowa and accredits private as well as public schools. It is headquartered in Des Moines Des Moines () is the capital and the most populous city in the U.S. state of Iowa. It is also the county seat of Polk County. A small part of the city extends into Warren County. It was incorporated on September 22, 1851, as Fort Des Moines, .... The Iowa Department of Education consists of 8 bureaus. The department works with the oversight of the Board of Education. The Board of Education consists of 11 members and was founded in 1857. The Department of Education uses the Iowa Statewide Assessment for Student Progress (ISASP). As of 2019, the board allocated $2.7 million for school districts and $300,000 for accredited nonpublic schools. References External linksIowa Department of Education* * Department of Education, Iowa State departments of education of the United States Education, ...
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Pekin Community School District
Pekin Community School District is a rural public school district headquartered in Pekin, an unincorporated area in Jefferson County, Iowa, near Packwood. It serves the following incorporated communities in Jefferson, Keokuk, Wapello, and Washington counties: Packwood, Hedrick, Martinsburg, Ollie, and Richland. Unincorporated areas served by Pekin schools, aside from Pekin, include Abington, Highland Center, and Rubio. History The school facilities were built on a former runway that was once used to train pilots. In 1986 there was a proposal to merge the Pekin district and the Hedrick Community School District. By 1990 Iowa law allowed students to attend schools in other school districts, but at the time students had to pay tuition there. Hedrick sued the Pekin district over accepting students for free that should have been counted as out of district, as they lived with Pekin district-resident family members or friends of their family but not with their primary caregi ...
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Poverty Line
The poverty threshold, poverty limit, poverty line or breadline is the minimum level of income deemed adequate in a particular country. The poverty line is usually calculated by estimating the total cost of one year's worth of necessities for the average adult.Poverty Lines – Martin Ravallion, in The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition, London: Palgrave Macmillan The cost of housing, such as the rent for an apartment, usually makes up the largest proportion of this estimate, so economists track the real estate market and other housing cost indicators as a major influence on the poverty line. Individual factors are often used to account for various circumstances, such as whether one is a parent, elderly, a child, married, etc. The poverty threshold may be adjusted annually. In practice, like the definition of poverty, the official or common understanding of the poverty line is significantly higher in developed countries than in developing countries. In October 20 ...
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