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Republican Villagers Nation Party
The Republican Villagers Nation Party ( tr, Cumhuriyetçi Köylü Millet Partisi, CKMP), alternatively translated Republican Peasants' Nation Party, was a former political party in Turkey. Fusions The party was founded after the fusion of two smaller nationalist parties. One of these parties was the Villagers Party, founded by on16 May 1952. Most of the members of this party were former Democrat Party members and they were known as Nationalists. After the death of the founder in a plane crash in 1954, the party could not gain any seats in the parliament in the 1954 and 1957 elections. Another party was Osman Bölükbaşı's Republican Nation Party, which was founded on 27 January 1954. But unlike Turkey Villagers Party, the Republican Nation Party was actually the continuation of Bölükbaşı's former party named Nation Party which was banned in 1953. Both in 1954 and in 1957 elections they were able to gain seats in the Parliament. On October 17, 1958, the Villagers Part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osman Bölükbaşı
Osman Bölükbaşı (1913 – February 6, 2002) was a Turkish politician and political party leader. Early life He was born at Hasanlar village of the former Mucur district in 1913. He completed his secondary education at the Istanbul High School. He studied Mathematics at the University of Nancy in France graduating in 1937. Returned home in 1938, Bölükbaşı began working as assistant to Fatin Gökmen at the Kandilli Observatory in Istanbul. In 1940, he took a teacher post in the Haydarpaşa High School, where he served until 1946. Political career Introduced to Mehmet Fuat Köprülü and Celal Bayar, the co-founders of the Democrat Party (DP) by Fatin Gökmen, Osman Bölükbaşı entered politics in 1946 becoming a party member. He was appointed Inspector General of the DP. However, he left the party in 1947 along with some other members due to a controversy over the intention of making harsh politics against the Republican People's Party (CHP). On July 20, 1948, he co- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1960 Turkish Coup D'état
The 1960 Turkish coup d'état ( tr, 27 Mayıs Darbesi) was the first Turkish coup d'état, coup d'état in the Turkey, Republic of Turkey. It took place on May 27, 1960. The coup was staged by a group of 38 young Turkish Armed Forces, Turkish military officers, acting outside the military command hierarchy, chain of command. The officers were ''de facto'' led by Cemal Madanoğlu until the actual coup date. After a threat by Ragıp Gümüşpala that he would move to quell the coup unless it was led by someone with a higher military rank than himself, the officers brought in General Cemal Gürsel as their leader. The coup was carried out against the democratically elected government of the Democrat Party (Turkey, 1946–1961), Democrat Party, and ultimately resulted in the execution of its prime minister, Adnan Menderes, alongside two of his ministers, Fatin Rüştü Zorlu and Hasan Polatkan. Background The incident took place at a time of both socio-political turmoil and economi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
29th Government Of Turkey
The 29th government of Turkey (20 February 1965 – 27 October 1965) was a caretaker government in Turkey. The prime minister was Suat Hayri Ürgüplü, an independent. Four parties supported him: Justice Party (AP), New Turkey Party (YTP), Republican Villagers Nation Party (CKMP), and Nation Party (MP). (This was the only time Nation Party ever participated in a government). The government Some of the cabinet members were changed during the lifespan of the cabinet. In the list below, the serving period of cabinet members who served only a part of the cabinet's lifespan are shown in the column "Notes". Aftermath The government resigned after the elections held on 10 October 1965, which the Justice Party won by a landslide. The 29th government was succeeded by the government of Süleyman Demirel Süleyman Sami Demirel (; 1 November 1924 – 17 June 2015) was a Turkish people, Turkish politician, engineer, and statesman who served as the List of Presidents of Turkey, 9th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nation Party (Turkey, 1962)
The Nation Party ( tr, Millet Partisi) was a Turkish conservative and nationalistic political party active from 1962 to 1977. History An earlier party named " Nation Party" had existed from 1948 to 1953, when it was outlawed. The founders of the party, led by Osman Bölükbaşı, subsequently formed the Republican Nation Party (''Cumhuriyetçi Millet Partisi''), which next merged with the Peasants' Party of Turkey to form the Republican Villagers Nation Party (''Cumhuriyetçi Köylü Millet Partisi'' – CKMP). In 1962 the name was reused when Osman Bölükbaşı and a group of deputies and senators left the CKMP after a conflict and founded a new party, for which they reused the name "Nation Party". The new Nation Party, with Osman Bölükbaşı as president won 31 seats in parliament and 2 in the senate in the 1965 elections, joining the coalition government led by Suat Hayri Ürgüplü. However, Osman Bölükbaşı was not a part of the cabinet and publicly criticized it. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1965 Turkish General Election ...
General elections were held in Turkey on 10 October 1965. The result was a victory for the Justice Party, which won 240 of the 450 seats. Voter turnout was 71.3%. Electoral system The national remnant electoral system was used. This was a two-tier system of party-list proportional representation, with the country divided into 66 districts. In each district, parties were awarded one seat for each Hare quota. Remaining votes and seats were pooled on the national level, where the remaining seats were distributed amongst the parties using the remaining votes using the Hare quota and largest remainder method.Nohlen ''et al''., p239 Results References {{Turkish elections General elections in Turkey Turkey Turkey General A general officer is an Officer (armed forces), officer of highest military ranks, high rank in the army, armies, and in some nations' air forces, space forces, and marines or naval infantry. In some usages the term "general officer" refers t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
İsmet İnönü
Mustafa İsmet İnönü (; 24 September 1884 – 25 December 1973) was a Turkish army officer and statesman of Kurdish descent, who served as the second President of Turkey from 11 November 1938 to 22 May 1950, and its Prime Minister three times: from 1923 to 1924, 1925 to 1937, and 1961 to 1965. İnönü is acknowledged by many as Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's right-hand man, with their friendship going back to the Gallipoli campaign. In the Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922, he served as the first Chief of the General Staff ( tr, Erkân-ı Harbiye-i Umumiye Reis Vekili) from 1922 to 1924 for the regular Turkish army, during which he commanded the forces of the battles of First and Second İnönü. Mustafa Kemal bestowed İsmet with the surname İnönü, where the battles took place, when the 1934 Surname Law was adopted. He was also chief negotiator in the Mudanya and Lausanne conferences for the Ankara government, successfully negotiating away the Sevre treaty for the Trea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
27th Government Of Turkey
The 27th government of Turkey (25 June 1962 – 25 December 1963) is the second coalition government in the history of Turkey. The prime minister, İsmet İnönü, was the leader of Republican People's Party (CHP) and a former president. Background After a short coalition with Justice Party (AP) in the previous government, the new coalition partners were New Turkey Party (YTP) of Ekrem Alican, Republican Villagers Nation Party (CKMP), and the Independents. However, Osman Bölükbaşı, the leader of CKMP, pulled out of the coalition government and formed a new party named Nation Party. Even after this split, however, the government could receive the vote of confidence. The government Some of the cabinet members were changed during the lifespan of the cabinet. In the list below, the serving period of cabinet members who served only a part of the cabinets lifespan are shown in the column "Notes". Aftermath The local elections held on 17 November 1963 showed that the two s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Prisoner
A political prisoner is someone imprisoned for their political activity. The political offense is not always the official reason for the prisoner's detention. There is no internationally recognized legal definition of the concept, although numerous similar definitions have been proposed by various organizations and scholars, and there is a general consensus among scholars that "individuals have been sanctioned by legal systems and imprisoned by political regimes not for their violation of codified laws but for their thoughts and ideas that have fundamentally challenged existing power relations". The status of a political prisoner is generally awarded to individuals based on declarations of non-governmental organizations like Amnesty International, on a case-by-case basis. While such status are often widely recognized by the international public opinion, they are often rejected by individual governments accused of holding political prisoners, which tend to deny any bias in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independent (politician)
An independent or non-partisan politician is a politician not affiliated with any political party or bureaucratic association. There are numerous reasons why someone may stand for office as an independent. Some politicians have political views that do not align with the platforms of any political party, and therefore choose not to affiliate with them. Some independent politicians may be associated with a party, perhaps as former members of it, or else have views that align with it, but choose not to stand in its name, or are unable to do so because the party in question has selected another candidate. Others may belong to or support a political party at the national level but believe they should not formally represent it (and thus be subject to its policies) at another level. In running for public office, independents sometimes choose to form a party or alliance with other independents, and may formally register their party or alliance. Even where the word "independent" is used, s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coalition Government
A coalition government is a form of government in which political parties cooperate to form a government. The usual reason for such an arrangement is that no single party has achieved an absolute majority after an election, an atypical outcome in nations with majoritarian electoral systems, but common under proportional representation. A coalition government might also be created in a time of national difficulty or crisis (for example, during wartime or economic crisis) to give a government the high degree of perceived political legitimacy or collective identity, it can also play a role in diminishing internal political strife. In such times, parties have formed all-party coalitions (national unity governments, grand coalitions). If a coalition collapses, the Prime Minister and cabinet may be ousted by a vote of no confidence, call snap elections, form a new majority coalition, or continue as a minority government. Coalition agreement In multi-party states, a coalition agreeme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Senate
A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the elder" or "old man") and therefore considered wiser and more experienced members of the society or ruling class. However the Roman Senate was not the ancestor or predecessor of modern parliamentarism in any sense, because the Roman senate was not a legislative body. Many countries have an assembly named a ''senate'', composed of ''senators'' who may be elected, appointed, have inherited the title, or gained membership by other methods, depending on the country. Modern senates typically serve to provide a chamber of "sober second thought" to consider legislation passed by a lower house, whose members are usually elected. Most senates have asymmetrical duties and powers compared with their respective lower house meaning they have special dut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1961 Turkish General Election ...
General elections were held in Turkey on 15 October 1961. The electoral system used was party-list proportional representation with the D'Hondt method in 67 electoral districts. In order to receive seats in a district, parties needed to win a Hare quota in that district. The Republican People's Party (CHP) emerged as the largest party, winning 173 of the 450 seats.Nohlen ''et al''., p272 It was the first time the CHP had won the most seats since the 1946 elections. Voter turnout was 81.4%. Results References {{Turkish elections General elections in Turkey Turkey Turkey General A general officer is an officer of high rank in the armies, and in some nations' air forces, space forces, and marines or naval infantry. In some usages the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". OED ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
