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Rengasdengklok Incident
The Rengasdengklok Incident (Indonesian: Peristiwa Rengasdengklok) was the kidnapping of Sukarno and Hatta done by several youths (''pemuda''), including Sukarni, Wikana, Aidit and Chairul Saleh. This incident occurred on August 16, 1945 in the early hours of the morning, at around 4am. Sukarno and Hatta were taken to Rengasdengklok, Karawang, to then be urged to proclaim of the independence of the Republic of Indonesia, until an agreement was reached between the older group represented by Sukarno, Hatta and Achmad Soebardjo and the ''pemuda'' group about when the proclamation would be carried out, especially after Japan suffered defeat in the Pacific War. The kidnapping of Sukarno and Hatta and their confinement in Rengasdengklok was the peak of the disagreement between the older and ''pemuda'' groups over how to carry out the proclamation of independence. In a critical situation, the two groups agreed to proclaim independence on August 17, 1945. Sukarno and Hatta were i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sukarno
Sukarno). (; born Koesno Sosrodihardjo, ; 6 June 1901 – 21 June 1970) was an Indonesian statesman, orator, revolutionary, and nationalist who was the first president of Indonesia, serving from 1945 to 1967. Sukarno was the leader of the Indonesian struggle for independence from the Dutch colonialists. He was a prominent leader of Indonesia's nationalist movement during the colonial period and spent over a decade under Dutch detention until released by the invading Japanese forces in World War II. Sukarno and his fellow nationalists collaborated to garner support for the Japanese war effort from the population, in exchange for Japanese aid in spreading nationalist ideas. Upon Japanese surrender, Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta declared Indonesian independence on 17 August 1945, and Sukarno was appointed president. He led the Indonesian resistance to Dutch re-colonisation efforts via diplomatic and military means until the Dutch recognition of Indonesian independence ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammad Hatta
Mohammad Hatta (; 12 August 1902 – 14 March 1980) was an Indonesian statesman and nationalist who served as the country's first vice president. Known as "The Proclamator", he and a number of Indonesians, including the first president of Indonesia, Soekarno, fought for the independence of Indonesia from the Dutch. Hatta was born in Fort de Kock, Dutch East Indies (now Bukittinggi, Indonesia). After his early education, he studied in Dutch schools in the Dutch East Indies and studied in the Netherlands from 1921 until 1932. Early life, family, and early education Early life and family Hatta was born in Fort De Kock (now known as Bukittinggi) on 12 August 1902 into a prominent and strongly Islamic family. His grandfather, Sheikh Abdurrahman, was a respected Naqshbandi-Khalidi murshid in Batuhampar, near Payakumbuh. His father, Haji Mohammad Djamil, died when he was eight months old and he was left with his six sisters and his mother. As in the matrilineal society of Minangka ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sukarni
Sukarni Kartodiwirjo (14 July 1916 – 7 May 1971) was an Indonesian freedom fighter and activist who demanded independence for Indonesia during the Dutch colonial era and the Japanese occupation, and was the chairman of the Murba Party until his death. Biography Sukarni was born on 14 July 1916 in Sumberdiran, Garum, Blitar. The name Sukarni in Javanese means "to pay more attention". He was the fifth child of Dimun Kartodiwirjo, son of Prince Diponegoro's right-hand man Onggomerto, and Supiah, a woman from Kediri. Sukarni's older siblings were Hono, Sukarlim, Sukarmilah, Sukardi, while the younger siblings were Suparti, Endang Sarti, Endi Sukarto, Sukarjo, and an unnamed sibling who died as a child. Sukarni studied at Mardisiswo in Blitar, similar school to Taman Siswa that time. Sukarni continued to study at Hollandsch-Inlandsche School (HIS; Dutch school for natives). When Sukarni graduated from HIS and registered for Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs (MULO; secondary school ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wikana
Wikana (16 October 1914 – 1966) was an Indonesian minister and independence leader. He was one of the youths who forced Sukarno and Hatta to declare independence immediately after the surrender of the Japanese. He was the first Indonesian Minister of Youth and Sport (although in his era the office was called Minister of State for Youth Affairs). He was a member of the Indonesian Communist Party. Sometime after the 1965 coup d'état attempt, he was arrested and went missing. Biography Early life Wikana was born on 16 October 1914 in Sumedang. He was the fourteenth child of sixteen. His father was Raden Haji Soelaiman, from Demak, and his mother was Nonoh. His brother was Winanta, an exile to Boven Digul, according to Soemarsono, one of youth leaders generation '45. Wikana attended a Dutch-speaking Europeesch Lagere School (ELS) and continued his study to a Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs school (MULO). After graduating from MULO, Wikana became a contributor to theBandung week ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aidit
Dipa Nusantara Aidit (born Ahmad Aidit; 30 July 1923 – 22 November 1965) was an Indonesian communist politician, who served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) from 1951 until his summary execution during the mass killings of 1965–66. Born on Belitung Island, he was nicknamed "Amat". Aidit was educated in the Dutch colonial system. Biography Aidit was born Achmad Aidit in Tanjung Pandan, Belitung, 30 July 1923. He was the first son of four. His parents were Abdullah Aidit and Mailan. Achmad and his siblings studied at Hollandsche Inlandsch School. In early 1936, Achmad asked his father to continue his studies in Jakarta (then called Batavia). Achmad then attended Middestand Handel School, instead of Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs, because the registration had already been closed. For three years he lived in Cempaka Putih with his father's colleague. He moved to Senen and lived with his brother Murad who followed in Achmad's footsteps. Unwilli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chairul Saleh
Chairul Saleh Dt Paduko Rajo (September 13, 1916 – February 8, 1967) was born in Sawahlunto, West Sumatra. He was an Indonesian government minister and vice prime minister during the Sukarno presidency. He was a close confidant of Sukarno, whom he had helped persuade to declare Indonesian independence in 1945. He lived in the Netherlands from 1952–1953, but returned to Indonesia after being expelled. He joined Sukarno’s circle of advisers in 1955.Ricklefs (1982) p264 One week before the abortive coup on 30 September 1965, Saleh went to China with a delegation of 45 to celebrate China's national day on 1 October.Hughes, John (2002), ''The End of Sukarno – A Coup that Misfired: A Purge that Ran Wild'', Archipelago Press, p. 20, He is buried in Karet Bivak Cemetery, Central Jakarta Central Jakarta ( id, Jakarta Pusat) is one of the five administrative cities () which form the Special Capital Region of Jakarta. It had 902,973 inhabitants according to the 2010 censusB ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Achmad Soebardjo
Achmad Soebardjo Djojoadisoerjo (23 March 1896 – 15 December 1978) was a diplomat, one of Indonesia's founding fathers, and an Indonesian national hero. He was the first Foreign Minister of Indonesia. In 1933, he received the degree '' Meester in de Rechten'' from Leiden University, Netherlands. Early life Achmad Soebardjo was born in Teluk Jambe, Karawang Regency, West Java, on 23 March 1896. His father was Teuku Muhammad Yusuf, an Acehnese patrician from Pidie. His paternal grandfather was an ulama and his father was the chief of police in Teluk Jambe, Karawang. His mother was Wardinah. She was of Javanese- Buginese descent, from ''Camat'' in Telukagung, Cirebon. Initially, his father gave him the name Teuku Abdul Manaf, but his mother gave him the name Achmad Subardjo. Djojoadisoerjo was added by himself after he was arrested and imprisoned in Ponorogo Prison because of his involvement with the "July 3, 1946 Incident". He studied at Hogere Burgerschool Jakarta in 1917. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defenders Of The Homeland
''Pembela Tanah Air'' (abbreviated PETA; ) or was an Indonesian volunteer army established on 3 October 1943 in Indonesia by the occupying Japanese. The Japanese intended PETA to assist their forces in opposing a possible invasion by the Allies. By the end of the war, there were a total of 69 battalions (''daidan'') in Java (around 37,000 men) and Sumatra (approximately 20,000 men). On 17 August 1945, the day after the Indonesian Declaration of Independence, the Japanese ordered the PETA ''daidan'' to surrender and hand over their weapons, which most of them did. The Indonesian Republic's newly declared President, Sukarno, supported the dissolution rather than turn the organisation into a national army as he feared allegations of collaboration had he allowed a Japanese-created militia to continue to exist.Ricklefs (1981), p. 194Sunhaussen (1982), pp. 2–4Bachtiar(1988), p. 12 During the Indonesian National Revolution, former PETA officers and troops, such as Suharto and Sud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hisaichi Terauchi
Count was a '' Gensui'' (or field marshal) in the Imperial Japanese Army, commander of the Southern Expeditionary Army Group during World War II. Biography Early military career Terauchi was born in Tokyo Prefecture, and was the eldest son of '' Gensui'' Count Terauchi Masatake, the first Governor-General of Korea and the 9th Prime Minister of Japan. At the age of four, his father was transferred to France, and he was sent to live with his maternal aunt in Yamaguchi. Due to his family's close connections with former Chōshū Domain, he was officially registered as a resident of Yamaguchi Prefecture around that time. After his father returned from an overseas assignment, the family moved back to Tokyo. He graduated from the 11th class of the Imperial Japanese Army Academy in 1899, and served as a junior officer in the Russo-Japanese War with the Guards 2nd Infantry Battalion. After the war, Terauchi returned to the Army Staff College and graduated from the 21st class in 1909. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Preparatory Committee For Indonesian Independence
The Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence ( id, Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia), PPKI, ja, 独立準備委員会, Dokuritsu Junbi Iinkai, lead=yes) was a body established on 7 August 1945 to prepare for the transfer of authority from the occupying Japanese to Indonesia. It approved and promulgated the first Indonesian constitution, and appointed Sukarno president. Background In two sessions from May to July 1945, the Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence (BPUPK) decided on Pancasila as the ideological basis of independent Indonesia, and produced a draft constitution. With the war turning against them, the Japanese, who were occupying Indonesia, decided to grant independence in order to create problems for the returning Dutch colonial authorities. The plan was that Java would become independent in early September, followed shortly by the rest of the country. On 7 August, the day after an atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, Lt. Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tadashi Maeda (admiral)
was a high-ranking Imperial Japanese Navy officer during the Pacific War. Maeda played an important role in Indonesian independence; he met Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta at his house in Jakarta on 16 August 1945 and his house was used for drafting the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence. After leaving military service, Maeda worked in the oil industry. Early life and career Maeda was born in the town of Kajiki, Kagoshima on 3 March 1898. His father was a school principal there, and he was part of a former samurai family. He joined a Marine College at the age of 18, specializing in navigation, and he was a first lieutenant by 1930 when he joined the Naval Staff. Military career Pre-WW2 After joining the Naval Staff, he worked at the European Affairs section for one and a half years before moving to the Naval Station at Ōminato, where he was stationed between 1932 and 1934. During this time period, his wife died, and Maeda did not remarry. In early 1937, Maeda became the adjutant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1945 In Indonesia
Events in the year 1945 in Indonesia. The country had an estimated population of 68,517,300 people. Incumbents * President: Sukarno (from 18 August) * Vice President: Mohammad Hatta (from 18 August) * Prime Minister: Sutan Sjahrir (from 14 November) * Chief Justice: Kusumah Atmaja (from 18 August) Events * 8 July – Establishment of the Islamic University of Indonesia, in Sleman, Yogyakarta * 17 August – Proclamation of Indonesian Independence * 17 August – Start of the Indonesian National Revolution * 22 August – Launch of Voice of Indonesia * August – Start of Bersiap * 2 September – Establishment of the Presidential Cabinet * 7 September – Disestablishment of ''Asia Raja'' newspaper * 11 September – Establishment of the Radio Republik Indonesia * 17 September – Establishment of the Indonesian Red Cross Society * 27 October – 20 November – Battle of Surabaya * 11 November – VP Mohammad Hatta issued the Vice-Presidential Edict No.X * 14 November ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
