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Pittsburgh Compound B
Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) is a radioactive analog of thioflavin T, which can be used in positron emission tomography scans to image beta-amyloid plaques in neuronal tissue. Due to this property, Pittsburgh compound B may be used in investigational studies of Alzheimer's disease. History The definitive diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease can only be made following the demonstration of the presence of beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, the pathologic hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease in brain tissue, typically at autopsy. While the cognitive impairments of the disease could be monitored throughout the disease course, clinicians had no reliable way to monitor the pathologic progression of the disease. Due to this fact, a clear understanding of the process of amyloid deposition and how amyloid deposits relate to the cognitive symptoms of Alzheimer's disease remains to be elucidated. While sophisticated centers for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease are ab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radioactive
Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity, radioactive disintegration, or nuclear disintegration) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by radiation. A material containing unstable nuclei is considered radioactive. Three of the most common types of decay are alpha decay ( ), beta decay ( ), and gamma decay ( ), all of which involve emitting one or more particles. The weak force is the mechanism that is responsible for beta decay, while the other two are governed by the electromagnetism and nuclear force. A fourth type of common decay is electron capture, in which an unstable nucleus captures an inner electron from one of the electron shells. The loss of that electron from the shell results in a cascade of electrons dropping down to that lower shell resulting in emission of discrete X-rays from the transitions. A common example is iodine-125 commonly used in medical settings. Radioactive decay is a stochastic (i.e. random) pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uppsala
Uppsala (, or all ending in , ; archaically spelled ''Upsala'') is the county seat of Uppsala County and the fourth-largest city in Sweden, after Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö. It had 177,074 inhabitants in 2019. Located north of the capital Stockholm it is also the seat of Uppsala Municipality. Since 1164, Uppsala has been the ecclesiastical centre of Sweden, being the seat of the Archbishop of the Church of Sweden. Uppsala is home to Scandinavia's largest cathedral – Uppsala Cathedral, which was the frequent site of the coronation of the Swedish monarch until the late 19th century. Uppsala Castle, built by King Gustav Vasa, served as one of the royal residences of the Swedish monarchs, and was expanded several times over its history, making Uppsala the secondary capital of Sweden during its greatest extent. Today it serves as the residence of the Governor of Uppsala County. Founded in 1477, Uppsala University is the oldest centre of higher education in Sca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benzothiazoles
Benzothiazole is an aromatic heterocyclic compound with the chemical formula . It is colorless, slightly viscous liquid. Although the parent compound, benzothiazole is not widely used, many of its derivatives are found in commercial products or in nature. Firefly luciferin can be considered a derivative of benzothiazole. Structure and preparation Benzothiazoles consist of a 5-membered 1,3-thiazole ring fused to a benzene ring. The nine atoms of the bicycle and the attached substituents are coplanar. Benzothiazoles are prepared by treatment of 2-mercaptoaniline with acid chlorides: :C6H4(NH2)SH + RC(O)Cl → C6H4(NH)SCR + HCl + H2O Uses Benzothiazole occurs naturally in some foods but is also used as a food additive. It has a sulfurous odor and meaty flavor. The European Food Safety Authority assessment had "no safety concern at estimated levels of intake as a flavouring substance". The heterocyclic core of the molecule is readily substituted at the unique methyne c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of PET Radiotracers
This is a list of positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracers. These are chemical compounds in which one or more atoms have been replaced by a short-lived, positron emitting radioisotope. Cardiology * 15O.html"_;"title="Oxygen-15.html"_;"title="/nowiki>Oxygen-15">15O">Oxygen-15.html"_;"title="/nowiki>Oxygen-15">15Owater *[Nitrogen-13.html" ;"title="Oxygen-15">15O.html" ;"title="Oxygen-15.html" ;"title="/nowiki>Oxygen-15">15O">Oxygen-15.html" ;"title="/nowiki>Oxygen-15">15Owater *[Nitrogen-13">13N] ammonia *[Rubidium-82, 82Rb] Rubidium-82 chloride *[Carbon-11, 11C] Acetate (Also used in oncology) Neurology * 11C.html" ;"title="sup>11C">sup>11C 25B-NBOMe (Cimbi-36) * 18F.html" ;"title="sup>18F">sup>18FAltanserin * 11C.html" ;"title="sup>11C">sup>11CCarfentanil * 11C.html" ;"title="sup>11C">sup>11CDASB * 11C.html" ;"title="sup>11C">sup>11C DTBZ or 18F.html" ;"title="sup>18F">sup>18Fluoropropyl-DTBZ * 11C.html" ;"title="sup>11C">sup>11C 11C.html" ;"title="sup>11C">sup>11C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flutemetamol
Flutemetamol (18F) (trade name Vizamyl, by GE Healthcare) is a PET scanning radiopharmaceutical containing the radionuclide fluorine-18, used as a diagnostic tool for Alzheimer's disease. Adverse effects Adverse effects of flutemetamol include headache, nausea, dizziness, flushing and increased blood pressure. Mechanism of action After the substance is given intravenously, it accumulates in beta amyloid plaques in the patient's brain, which thus become visible via positron emission tomography (PET). Manufacturing and distribution Flutemetamol (18F) can be produced within five to six hours. It then undergoes a quality check and is ready to be distributed immediately after. The product must be used within a certain time frame for maximum efficacy. Because of the limited time window, flutemetamol is not produced until an order has been placed. Flutemetamol is typically administered intravenously in 1 to 10 mL doses. Average costs for PET scans without insurance coverage ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Florbetaben
Florbetaben, a fluorine-18 (18F)-labeled stilbene derivative (formerly known as BAY-949172), trade name NeuraCeq, is a diagnostic radiotracer developed for routine clinical application to visualize β-amyloid plaques in the brain. It is indicated for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging of β-amyloid neuritic plaque density in the brains of adult patients with cognitive impairment who are being evaluated for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other causes of cognitive impairment. β-amyloid is a key neuropathological hallmark of AD, so markers of β-amyloid plaque accumulation in the brain are useful in distinguishing AD from other causes of dementia. The tracer successfully completed a global multicenter phase 0–III development program and obtained approval in Europe, US and South Korea in 2014. Alzheimer's disease and amyloid-beta PET imaging More than 44 million people worldwide have been diagnosed with some type of dementia, with two-thirds of this population likely to s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Florbetapir
Florbetapir (18F), sold under the brand name Amyvid, is a PET scanning radiopharmaceutical compound containing the radionuclide fluorine-18 that was approved for use in the United States in 2012, as a diagnostic tool for Alzheimer's disease. * Florbetapir, like Pittsburgh compound B (PiB), binds to beta-amyloid, however fluorine-18 has a half-life of 109.75 minutes, in contrast to PiB's radioactive half life of 20 minutes. Wong ''et al.'' found that the longer life allowed the tracer to accumulate significantly more in the brains of people with AD, particularly in the regions known to be associated with beta-amyloid deposits. One review predicted that amyloid imaging is likely to be used in conjunction with other markers rather than as an alternative. Development Since the disease was first described by Alois Alzheimer in 1906, the only certain way to determine if a person indeed had the disease was to perform a biopsy on the patient's brain to find distinctive spots on the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Steven T
Stephen or Steven is a common English first name. It is particularly significant to Christians, as it belonged to Saint Stephen ( grc-gre, Στέφανος ), an early disciple and deacon who, according to the Book of Acts, was stoned to death; he is widely regarded as the first martyr (or " protomartyr") of the Christian Church. In English, Stephen is most commonly pronounced as ' (). The name, in both the forms Stephen and Steven, is often shortened to Steve or Stevie. The spelling as Stephen can also be pronounced which is from the Greek original version, Stephanos. In English, the female version of the name is Stephanie. Many surnames are derived from the first name, including Stephens, Stevens, Stephenson, and Stevenson, all of which mean "Stephen's (son)". In modern times the name has sometimes been given with intentionally non-standard spelling, such as Stevan or Stevon. A common variant of the name used in English is Stephan ; related names that have found some c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amyloidosis
Amyloidosis is a group of diseases in which abnormal proteins, known as amyloid fibrils, build up in tissue. There are several non-specific and vague signs and symptoms associated with amyloidosis. These include fatigue, peripheral edema, weight loss, shortness of breath, palpitations, and feeling faint with standing. In AL amyloidosis, specific indicators can include enlargement of the tongue and periorbital purpura. In wild-type ATTR amyloidosis, non-cardiac symptoms include: bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome, lumbar spinal stenosis, biceps tendon rupture, small fiber neuropathy, and autonomic dysfunction. There are about 36 different types of amyloidosis, each due to a specific protein misfolding. Within these 36 proteins, 19 are grouped into localized forms, 14 are grouped as systemic forms, and 3 proteins can identify as either. These proteins can become irregular due to genetic effects, as well as through acquired environmental factors. The four most common types ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GE Healthcare
GE HealthCare is a subsidiary of American multinational conglomerate General Electric incorporated in New York and headquartered in Chicago, Illinois. As of 2017, it is a manufacturer and distributor of diagnostic imaging agents and radiopharmaceuticals for imaging modalities used in medical imaging procedures. It offers dyes used in magnetic-resonance-imaging procedures; manufactures medical diagnostic equipment, including CT image machines; MRI, XRAY; Ultrasound; Cath Labs; Mamogram; Nuclear Medicine Cameres; and develops Health technology for medical imaging and information technologies, medical diagnostics, patient monitoring systems, disease research, drug discovery, and biopharmaceutical manufacturing. It was incorporated in 1994 and operates in more than 100 countries. On November 9, 2021, General Electric announced it would demerge into three investment-grade public companies, GE HealthCare being one of the three planned divestitures. The spin-off of GE HealthCare ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cerebral Cortex
The cerebral cortex, also known as the cerebral mantle, is the outer layer of neural tissue of the cerebrum of the brain in humans and other mammals. The cerebral cortex mostly consists of the six-layered neocortex, with just 10% consisting of allocortex. It is separated into two cortices, by the longitudinal fissure that divides the cerebrum into the left and right cerebral hemispheres. The two hemispheres are joined beneath the cortex by the corpus callosum. The cerebral cortex is the largest site of neural integration in the central nervous system. It plays a key role in attention, perception, awareness, thought, memory, language, and consciousness. The cerebral cortex is part of the brain responsible for cognition. In most mammals, apart from small mammals that have small brains, the cerebral cortex is folded, providing a greater surface area in the confined volume of the cranium. Apart from minimising brain and cranial volume, cortical folding is crucial f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PiB PET Images AD
PIB may refer for: Music * "Plug In Baby", a song by UK alternative rock band Muse * Purified in Blood (PiB), a Norwegian band Organisations * Papuan Infantry Battalion * Press Information Bureau, Government of India * Pakistanis in the Bay, Organization started by 3 highschooler to build a community. Places * Pir Ilahi Buksh Colony (PIB Colony), Sindh, Pakistan * Hattiesburg–Laurel Regional Airport (IATA airport code: PIB) Science and technology * Particle in a box (PIB), a model quantum mechanical system * Pebibyte (PiB), a unit of digital information storage * Pittsburgh compound B (PiB), chemical used in studying Alzheimer's Disease * Polyisobutylene or polyisobutene, a synthetic rubber See also * Píib or pib, a Mayan earth oven * '' Pib and Pog'', an animated film * Permanent interest bearing shares In finance, permanent interest bearing shares (PIBS) are fixed-interest securities issued by building societies. PIBS become perpetual subordinated bonds if their is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
