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Polyarny District
Polyarny District (russian: Поля́рный райо́н) was an administrative division (a district) of Murmansk Okrug of Leningrad Oblast of the Russian SFSR, Soviet Union, and later of Murmansk Oblast, which existed in 1927–1960. It was established as Alexandrovsky District on August 1, 1927, when the All-Russian Central Executive Committee (VTsIK) issued two Resolutions: "On the Establishment of Leningrad Oblast" and "On the Borders and Composition of the Okrugs of Leningrad Oblast".''Administrative-Territorial Division of Murmansk Oblast'', pp. 34-35 According to these resolutions, Murmansk Governorate was transformed into Murmansk Okrug, which was divided into six districts (Alexandrovsky being one of them) and included into Leningrad Oblast. The administrative center of the district was in the '' selo'' of Alexandrovskoye (Polyarnoye), and later in Murmansk. Upon establishment, Alexandrovsky, Belokamensky, Gryazno-Gubsky, Toros-Ostrovsky, Tyuva-Gubsky, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raion
A raion (also spelt rayon) is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet states. The term is used for both a type of subnational entity and a division of a city. The word is from the French (meaning 'honeycomb, department'), and is commonly translated as "district" in English. A raion is a standardized administrative entity across most of the former Soviet Union and is usually a subdivision two steps below the national level, such as a subdivision of an oblast. However, in smaller USSR republics, it could be the primary level of administrative division. After the fall of the Soviet Union, some of the republics kept the ''raion'' (e.g. Azerbaijan, Belarus, Ukraine, Russia, Moldova, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan) while others dropped it (e.g. Georgia, Uzbekistan, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Armenia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan). In Bulgaria, it refers to an internal administrative subdivision of a city not related to the administrative division of the country as a whole, or, i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finland
Finland ( fi, Suomi ; sv, Finland ), officially the Republic of Finland (; ), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It shares land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bothnia to the west and the Gulf of Finland across Estonia to the south. Finland covers an area of with a population of 5.6 million. Helsinki is the capital and largest city, forming a larger metropolitan area with the neighbouring cities of Espoo, Kauniainen, and Vantaa. The vast majority of the population are ethnic Finns. Finnish, alongside Swedish, are the official languages. Swedish is the native language of 5.2% of the population. Finland's climate varies from humid continental in the south to the boreal in the north. The land cover is primarily a boreal forest biome, with more than 180,000 recorded lakes. Finland was first inhabited around 9000 BC after the Last Glacial Period. The Stone Age introduced several differ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sredny Peninsula
Sredny Peninsula (russian: Сре́дний полуо́стров, lit. ''middle peninsula'') is a peninsula at north part of continental European Russia. The peninsula is connected with the continent by a thin isthmus and with Rybachy Peninsula by a similar thin isthmus, making it nearly completely surrounded by water. Administratively, it is a part of Pechengsky District of Murmansk Oblast and is within several hours of ride from Murmansk. History After the Russian Revolution (1917), Russian Revolution, the western parts of Sredny and Rybachy Peninsulas were ceded to Finland. After the Winter War of 1939–1940, Finland ceded them to the Soviet Union by the Moscow Peace Treaty.''Administrative-Territorial Division of Murmansk Oblast'', p. 53 References Notes Sources *{{Cite book, last=Архивный отдел Администрации Мурманской области. Государственный Архив Мурманской области., title=Ад ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rybachy Peninsula
Rybachy Peninsula (russian: полуо́стров Рыба́чий, ''poluostrov Rybachiy''; se, Giehkirnjárga; no, Fiskerhalvøya; fi, Kalastajasaarento) is the northernmost part of continental European Russia. Its name is translated as "Fisher Peninsula". It is connected with the Sredny Peninsula, "Middle Peninsula" by a thin isthmus. So the peninsula is in fact nearly completely surrounded by water. Administratively, it is included into Pechengsky District of Murmansk Oblast and is within several hours of ride from Murmansk. Main occupations of the population are reindeer herding and (since 2003) petroleum drilling. History The peninsula lies in an area where borders were marked relatively late; the Norwegian-Russian border was drawn in 1826, leaving Rybachy on the Russian side of the border. At the time, several Norwegian settlers lived on the peninsula. After the Russian Revolution, the western parts of Sredny and Rybachy were ceded to Finland. After the Winter War ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Winter War
The Winter War,, sv, Vinterkriget, rus, Зи́мняя война́, r=Zimnyaya voyna. The names Soviet–Finnish War 1939–1940 (russian: link=no, Сове́тско-финская война́ 1939–1940) and Soviet–Finland War 1939–1940 (russian: link=no, Сове́тско-финляндская война́ 1939–1940) are often used in Russian historiographybr>В.Н. Барышников. От прохладного мира к Зимней войне. Восточная политика Финляндии в 1930–е годы. Санкт-Петербург, 1997.; О.Д. Дудорова. Неизвестные страницы Зимней войны. In: Военно-исторический журнал. 1991. №9.; Зимняя война 1939–1940. Книга первая. Политическая история. М., 1998. – ; ttp://www.otvaga2004.narod.ru/photo/winterwar/wwar1.htm М. Коломиец. Танки в Зимней войне 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ura-Guba
Ura-Guba (russian: Ура́-Губа́), also known as Ura (),Administrative-Territorial Division of Murmansk Oblast, p. 67 is a rural locality (a '' selo'') in Kolsky District of Murmansk Oblast, Russia, located beyond the Arctic Circle at a height of above sea level. Population: 517 ( 2010 Census). History It was founded in the 1860s—the decade when the Murman Coast was actively being settled.Administrative-Territorial Division of Murmansk Oblast, p. 23 By the April 20, 1921 Decision of the Plenary Session of Murmansky Uyezd Executive Committee, Ura-Guba was transferred from Novozerskaya to Alexandrovskaya Volost and became the administrative center of Ursky (Ura-Gubsky) Selsoviet. On September 11, 1938, Ura-Guba was made the administrative center of Polyarny District by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic was the collective head ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Presidium Of The Supreme Soviet Of The Russian SFSR
The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic was the collective head of state of the Russian SFSR and the permanent body of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR that was accountable to the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR in its activity and, within the nominal limits prescribed by the Constitution of the Russian SFSR, performed functions of the highest state power in the Russian SFSR between 1938 and 1990. It was elected by the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic to perform the Supreme Soviet's activities when it was not in session, which, in practice, was most of the year. History Predecessor offices The office was created as a replacement for the Central Executive Committee of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets. Political significance Since the Russian SFSR enjoyed only limited autonomy within the Soviet Union until late into the perestroika period and since real executive power was in the han ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sayda-Guba
Sayda-Guba (russian: Сайда-Губа), also known in English as Sayda Bay, is a rural locality (an inhabited locality) within the administrative jurisdiction of the closed administrative-territorial formation of Alexandrovsk in Murmansk Oblast, Russia,''Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Murmansk Oblast'' located beyond the Arctic Circle at a height of above sea level. As of the 2010 Census, it had no recorded population. History The colony of Sayda-Guba was one of the twenty-one included into Alexandrovskaya Volost of Alexandrovsky Uyezd of Arkhangelsk Governorate upon its establishment on July 1, 1920.''Administrative-Territorial Division of Murmansk Oblast'', p. 66 In 1934, the Murmansk Okrug Executive Committee developed a redistricting proposal, which was approved by the Resolution of the 4th Plenary Session of the Murmansk Okrug Committee of the VKP(b) on December 28-29, 1934 and by the Resolution of the Presidium of the Murmansk Okr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist Party Of The Soviet Union
"Hymn of the Bolshevik Party" , headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow , general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first) Mikhail Gorbachev (last) , founded = , banned = , founder = Vladimir Lenin , newspaper = ''Pravda'' , position = Far-left , international = , religion = State Atheism , predecessor = Bolshevik faction of the RSDLP , successor = UCP–CPSU , youth_wing = Little Octobrists Komsomol , wing1 = Young Pioneers , wing1_title = Pioneer wing , affiliation1_title = , affiliation1 = Bloc of Communists and Non-Partisans (1936–1991) , membership = 19,487,822 (early 1989 ) , ideology = , colours = Red , country = the Soviet Union The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU),; abbreviated in Russian as or also known by various other names during its history, was the founding and ruling party of the Soviet Union. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polar Night
The polar night is a phenomenon where the nighttime lasts for more than 24 hours that occurs in the northernmost and southernmost regions of Earth. This occurs only inside the polar circles. The opposite phenomenon, the polar day, or midnight sun, occurs when the Sun remains above the horizon for more than 24 hours. "Night" is understood as the center of the Sun being below a free horizon. Since the atmosphere refracts sunlight, the polar day is longer than the polar night, and the area that is affected by polar night is somewhat smaller than the area of midnight sun. The polar circle is located at a latitude between these two areas, at approximately 66.5°. While it is day in the Arctic Circle, it is night in the Antarctic Circle, and vice versa. Any planet or moon with a sufficient axial tilt that rotates with respect to its star significantly more frequently than it orbits the star (no tidal locking between the two) will experience the same phenomenon (a nighttime ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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