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Polish Film School
Polish Film School ( pl, Polska Szkoła Filmowa) refers to an informal group of Polish film directors and screenplay writers active between 1956 and approximately 1963. Among the most prominent representatives of the school are Andrzej Wajda, Andrzej Munk and Jerzy Kawalerowicz. Overview The group was under the heavy influence of Italian neorealists. It took advantage of the liberal changes in Poland after 1956 Polish October to portray the complexity of Polish history during World War II and German occupation. Among the most important topics were the generation of former Home Army soldiers and their role in post-war Poland and the national tragedies like the German concentration camps and the Warsaw Uprising. The political changes allowed the group to speak more openly of the recent history of Poland. However, the rule of censorship was still strong when it comes to history after 1945 and there were very few films on contemporary events. This marked the major difference betwee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
How To Be Loved
''How to be Loved'' ( pl, Jak być kochaną) is a Polish film released in 1963, directed by Wojciech Has. The film, based on a novel of the same name by Kazimierz Brandys, examines the emotional casualties of war, which is perhaps the central theme of the Polish Film School. On a deeper level, the film manages to construct a personal tragedy that results from a struggle of egoism and cowardice versus devotion and courage. On a plane bound for Paris, Felicja (Barbara Krafftówna), a successful radio actress, recalls the night in 1939 when she was to debut as Ophelia, with the man she loved, Wiktor (Zbigniew Cybulski), playing Hamlet. World War II intervenes, and Felicja takes a job as a waitress to avoid acting on a German stage, giving her lover sanctuary when he's accused of killing a collaborator. After the war, Wiktor can't get away fast enough, hot on the trail of fame and applause, and the woman who saved him is herself wrongly accused of collaboration. Years later, Wiktor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Concentration Camps
German concentration camps may refer to different camps which were operated by German states: *Concentration camps during the Herero and Namaqua genocide ** Shark Island concentration camp * Cottbus-Sielow concentration camp in Cottbus interning Jewish immigrants in interwar Germany * Stargard concentration camp in Stargard, interning Jewish immigrants in interwar Germany * Nazi concentration camp system, operated by Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945 *Other types of Nazi camps, operated by Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945 ** Extermination camps **Forced-labor camps ''Arbeitslager'' () is a German language word which means labor camp. Under Nazism, the German government (and its private-sector, Axis, and collaborator partners) used forced labor extensively, starting in the 1930s but most especially durin ... ** Polenlager ** Transit camps (Nazi Germany), such as Drancy transit camp {{SIA ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Witold Lesiewicz
Witold Lesiewicz (9 September 1922 – 23 March 2012) was a Polish film director and screenwriter. He directed 24 films between 1949 and 1979. He completed the work on the 1963 film '' Passenger'' after the death of director Andrzej Munk. Selected filmography * ''Deserter'' (1958) * '' Rok pierwszy'' (1960) * '' Kwiecień'' (1961) * '' Passenger'' (1963) * '' Nieznany'' (1964) * '' Bolesław Śmiały'' (1971) * ''Doctor Murek ''Doktór Murek'' (English: ''Doctor Murek'') is a 1939 Cinema of Poland, Polish drama film directed by Juliusz Gardan. It is based on two novels by Tadeusz Dołęga-Mostowicz. Cast * Franciszek Brodniewicz - doctor Franciszek Murek * Nora Ney (a ...'' (1979) References External links * 1922 births 2012 deaths Polish film directors Polish screenwriters People from Białystok People from Białystok Voivodeship (1919–1939) {{Poland-film-director-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Passenger (1963 Film)
''Passenger'' ( pl, Pasażerka) is a 1963 Polish feature film directed by Andrzej Munk. When Munk died in a car crash during production, the unfinished film was assembled for release by directors Witold Lesiewicz and Andrzej Brzozowski. ''Passenger'', using the form of a documentary, dramatizes the memories of a fictional SS officer (played by Aleksandra Śląska) who had served at the Auschwitz concentration camp during World War II. ''The Passenger'' examines the nature of oppressor and victim within the microcosm of a German extermination camp during the Jewish Holocaust Plot ''The Passenger'' begins in 1960, fifteen years after the end of World War II. The setting is a transatlantic voyage aboard a luxury liner en route from South America to Europe. Lisa Kretschmer (Alexandra Śląska), a former concentration camp SS officer, has a chance encounter with a fellow passenger who was one of her inmates at the camp, Marta (Anna Ciepielewska). Aboard the vessel, the roles of Liza a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bad Luck (1960 Film)
''Bad Luck'' ( pl, Zezowate szczęście) is a 1960 Polish Tragicomedy film directed by Andrzej Munk. The screenplay is based on Jerzy Stawiński’s novel ''Six Incarnations of Jan Piszczyk'' (1959).Bren, 2012: “Munk's…overtly comic Bad Luck, is adapted from Stawiński's 1959 novel, Sześć wcieleń Jana Piszczyka (Six Incarnations of Jan Piszczyk), its title accurately suggesting the film's episodic line.” ''Bad Luck'' was entered into the 1960 Cannes Film Festival. Plot ''Bad Luck'' reflects the episodic source material by novelist Jerzy Stawiński from which it is adapted. Jan Piszczyk is petty bourgeois Jew and son of a Warsaw tailor. The story opens when the middle-aged Piszczyk is laid off from a job, and bemoans his fate. He provides a retrospective on his life in a series of flashbacks, spanning the history of Poland from the rise of fasict anti-Semitism during the 1920s to the postwar Stalinist period. Piszczyk emerges as a political and social chameleon, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heroism (film)
''Eroica'' (released in some territories as ''Heroism'') is a 1958 Polish film by Andrzej Munk, and his second feature film after Man on the Tracks (1956). ''Eroica'' is composed of two separate stories, presenting satirical critiques of two aspects of the Polish character: acquisitive opportunism, and a romantic fascination for heroic martyrs. The film’s title is an ironic reference to Ludwig van Beethoven”s Third Symphony, which the composer initially dedicated to then French head Consulate Napoleon Bonaparte. When Napoleon declared himself Emperor, Beethoven, a devout republican, withdrew the dedication in disgust and titled the work simply “Eroica.” ''Eroica'' premiered on Polish Television in 1972 and depicts wartime couriers crossing the Tatra Mountains. Eroica won the FIPRESCI Award at the 1959 Mar del Plata Film Festival. Synopsis ''Scherzo Alla Pollacca'' The first part is a bitter, tragicomic story of Dzidziuś ("Babyface"), a street-wise bon-vivant, drun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Man On The Tracks
''Man on the Tracks'' ( pl, Człowiek na torze) is a 1956 film by Andrzej Munk. ''Man on the Tracks'' was one of the first films of the Polish Film School and as such influenced the whole generation of young directors who participated in the movement. The film tells the story, mostly in flashback, of a railway worker who is fired from his job for alleged sabotage of the Socialist methods of work.Niemitz, 2014: “Orzechowski (Kazimierz Opaliński)... is killed in a train accident and there are suspicions of sabotage. The film reconstructs the events through a series of flashbacks.” Historian Dorota Niemitz writes: Cast * Kazimierz Opaliński - Władysław Orzechowski * Zygmunt Maciejewski - Tuszka * Zygmunt Zintel - Witold Sałata * Zygmunt Listkiewicz - Stanisław Zapora * Roman Kłosowski - Marek Nowak * Janusz Bylczyński - Warda, member of the committee * Józef Para - railwayman * Natalia Szymańska - wife of Orzechowski * Józef Nowak - helper of Orzechowski ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ashes And Diamonds (film)
''Ashes and Diamonds'' (Polish: ''Popiół i diament'') is a 1958 Polish drama film directed by Andrzej Wajda, based on the 1948 novel by Polish writer Jerzy Andrzejewski. Starring Zbigniew Cybulski and Ewa Krzyżewska, it completed Wajda's war films trilogy, following '' A Generation'' (1954) and '' Kanal'' (1956). The action of ''Ashes and Diamonds'' takes place in 1945, shortly after World War II. The main protagonist of the film, former Home Army soldier Maciek Chełmicki, is acting in the anti-Communist underground. Maciek receives an order to kill Szczuka, the local secretary of the Polish Workers' Party. Over time, Chełmicki increasingly doubts if his task is worth doing. ''Ashes and Diamonds'', although based on the novel that directly supported the postwar Communist system in Poland, was subtly modified in comparison with the source material. Wajda sympathized with the soldiers of the Polish independence underground; thus, he devoted most of the attention to Chełmick ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kanał
''Kanał'' (, ''Sewer'') is a 1957 Polish film directed by Andrzej Wajda. It was the first film made about the 1944 Warsaw Uprising, telling the story of a company of Home Army resistance fighters escaping the Nazi onslaught through the city's sewers. The film is adapted from the story “They Loved Life” by Jerzy Stefan Stawinski. ''Kanał'' is the second film of Wajda's War Trilogy, preceded by ''A Generation'' and followed by ''Ashes and Diamonds''. The film was the winner of the Special Jury Award at the 1957 Cannes Film Festival. Plot It is 25 September 1944, during the last days of the Warsaw Uprising. Lieutenant Zadra leads a unit of 43 soldiers and civilians to a new position amidst the ruins of the now isolated southern Mokotów district of Warsaw. The composer Michał manages to telephone his wife and child in another part of the city that is being overrun by the Germans. After a few words, she tells him that the Germans are clearing the building and that they ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialist Realism
Socialist realism is a style of idealized realistic art that was developed in the Soviet Union and was the official style in that country between 1932 and 1988, as well as in other socialist countries after World War II. Socialist realism is characterized by the depiction of communist values, such as the emancipation of the proletariat. Despite its name, the figures in the style are very often highly idealized, especially in sculpture, where it often leans heavily on the conventions of classical sculpture. Although related, it should not be confused with social realism, a type of art that realistically depicts subjects of social concern, or other forms of "realism" in the visual arts. Socialist realism was made with an extremely literal and obvious meaning, usually showing an idealized USSR. Socialist realism was usually devoid of complex artistic meaning or interpretation. Socialist realism was the predominant form of approved art in the Soviet Union from its development in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Europe
Central Europe is an area of Europe between Western Europe and Eastern Europe, based on a common historical, social and cultural identity. The Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) between Catholicism and Protestantism significantly shaped the area's history. The concept of "Central Europe" appeared in the 19th century. Central Europe comprised most of the territories of the Holy Roman Empire and those of the two neighboring kingdoms of Poland and Hungary. Hungary and parts of Poland were later part of the Habsburg monarchy, which also significantly shaped the history of Central Europe. Unlike their Western European (Portugal, Spain et al.) and Eastern European (Russia) counterparts, the Central European nations never had any notable colonies (either overseas or adjacent) due to their inland location and other factors. It has often been argued that one of the contributing causes of both World War I and World War II was Germany's lack of original overseas colonies. After World War ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poles
Poles,, ; singular masculine: ''Polak'', singular feminine: ''Polka'' or Polish people, are a West Slavic nation and ethnic group, who share a common history, culture, the Polish language and are identified with the country of Poland in Central Europe. The preamble to the Constitution of the Republic of Poland defines the Polish nation as comprising all the citizens of Poland, regardless of heritage or ethnicity. The majority of Poles adhere to Roman Catholicism. The population of self-declared Poles in Poland is estimated at 37,394,000 out of an overall population of 38,512,000 (based on the 2011 census), of whom 36,522,000 declared Polish alone. A wide-ranging Polish diaspora (the '' Polonia'') exists throughout Europe, the Americas, and in Australasia. Today, the largest urban concentrations of Poles are within the Warsaw and Silesian metropolitan areas. Ethnic Poles are considered to be the descendants of the ancient West Slavic Lechites and other tribes that inhabi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
