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Pelobatoidea
The Pelobatoidea are a superfamily of frogs. They typically combine a toad-like body shape with a frog-like, pointed face (hence the German name 'Krötenfrösche', literally 'toad frogs'). Phylogenetically they stand between primitive frogs ( fire-bellied toads, midwife toads) on the one side and higher frogs (the family of true toads, tree frogs, and the family of true frogs) on the other and are therefore – among other things by characteristics of bone construction – in the suborder Mesobatrachia. Per 2016, the Pelobatoidea contain 202 species in 11 genera and 2 families. The distribution covers Europe, North Africa and West Asia (Family Pelobatidae) and Southeast Asia (family Megophryidae). Their sister group are the Pelodytoidea, consisting of North American spadefood toads and parsley frogs. A striking characteristic is the vertically slit pupil in daylight. The tongue is thick, circular, and almost entirely adhering to the floor of the mouth. When mating the male ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mesobatrachia
The Mesobatrachia (Ancient Greek ''μέσος'' (mésos, "middle") + ''batrachia'' ("frogs")) is a paraphyletic group of relatively primitive frogs. At the end of 2016, it contained 3 superfamilies ( Pelobatoidea, Pelodytoidea and Pipoidea), 6 families, 16 genera, and 244 species. Recognized as a group in 1993, the name is contrasted with the primitive Archaeobatrachia and the more diverse and advanced Neobatrachia. The Mesobatrachia comprise five fossorial families, including the spadefoot toads of Europe, North America, and East Asia, the parsley frogs, and the Mexican burrowing toad, as well as one obligatorily aquatic family, the Pipidae of Africa and South America. Later studies recognised that the group was paraphyletic with respect to Neobatrachia. The families currently accepted in the Mesobatrachia suborder are: * Megophryidae * Pelobatidae * Pelodytidae * Pipidae * Rhinophrynidae The Rhinophrynidae are a family of frogs containing one extant genus, the monotypic ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frog
A frog is any member of a diverse and largely Carnivore, carnivorous group of short-bodied, tailless amphibians composing the order (biology), order Anura (ανοὐρά, literally ''without tail'' in Ancient Greek). The oldest fossil "proto-frog" ''Triadobatrachus'' is known from the Early Triassic of Madagascar, but molecular clock, molecular clock dating suggests their split from other amphibians may extend further back to the Permian, 265 Myr, million years ago. Frogs are widely distributed, ranging from the tropics to subarctic regions, but the greatest concentration of species diversity is in tropical rainforest. Frogs account for around 88% of extant amphibian species. They are also one of the five most diverse vertebrate orders. Warty frog species tend to be called toads, but the distinction between frogs and toads is informal, not from Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy or evolutionary history. An adult frog has a stout body, protruding eyes, anteriorly-attached tongue, limb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pelobates Cultripes
''Pelobates cultripes'' is a toad species in the family Pelobatidae. It is known under many different common names, including the western spadefoot, Iberian spadefoot toad, Spanish spadefoot toad, and Wagler's spadefoot toad. It is found in most of the Iberian Peninsula with isolated populations southern and western France. Description ''Pelobates cultripes'' is a big smooth-skinned toad with a silvery gold or greenish eye and a vertical pupil. It has a black spade on the hind foot, hence its name. The edged callus internus of the hind foot is converted to allow digging. The upperside is greyish-yellowish with dark brown or greenish blotches and spots. It grows up to 11 cm and is larger and greener than the common spadefoot, ''Pelobates fuscus''. The tadpoles are larger than those of most other toad species. Behavior This toad is mostly nocturnal, but occasionally vast numbers of it can be seen after rain. It hides in burrows up to 20 cm deep and can dig itself into ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brachytarsophrys
''Brachytarsophrys'' is a genus of the family Megophryidae in the order Anura, and are found in southern China, Myanmar, northern Thailand and northern Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i .... Common names include short-legged toad. Natural history of ''Brachytarsophrys'' is poorly known. Males of at least some species ('' Brachytarsophrys feae'', '' Brachytarsophrys carinense'') are territorial and may be aggressive. The advertisement call of ''Brachytarsophrys feae'' has been likened to barking. Species There are seven species in the genus, with more likely to be described in the future. The genus can be divided into two groups: the '' Brachytarsophrys carinense'' group and '' Brachytarsophrys feae'' group. The ''B. carinense'' group is characterized by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pelobates Fuscus
''Pelobates fuscus'' is a species of toad in the family Pelobatidae, native to an area extending from Central Europe to Western Asia. It is commonly known as the common spadefoot, garlic toad, the common spadefoot toad and the European common spadefoot. The common spadefoot grows to a length of approximately for males and for females. The skin colouration varies depending upon habitat, gender and region, but is usually light-grey to beige-brown on the dorsal surface. The skin is mottled by darker marks that differ between individuals. The belly is white, sometimes with grey mottling. Albino specimens have been observed. Two subspecies are traditionally recognised: ''Pelobates fuscus fuscus'' (from central Europe) and ''Pelobates fuscus insubricus'' (from Northern Italy). In reality there is no physical or behavioural character allowing to distinguish these supposed subspecies. A recent study showed that there is no haplotype segregation for the populations of Northern Italy, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xenophrys
''Xenophrys'' is a genus of amphibians in the family Megophryidae. They are found in southeastern Asia (including China and northeastern India) to Borneo. Their common name is strange-horned toads. Conservation Of the 36 ''Xenophrys'' species that the International Union for Conservation of Nature has evaluated, most are either " Data Deficient" or of "Least Concern". However, one species is considered " Critically Endangered" ('' Xenophrys damrei'') "Endangered" ('' Xenophrys takensis''), one is " Vulnerable" ('' Xenophrys auralensis''), and six are "Near Threatened". Taxonomy The genus was previously found to be strongly polyphyletic, and awaiting a better solution, they were synonymized in the genus ''Megophrys''. Following subsequent studies and reclassification, the genus has been revalidated. Species Presently, '' Amphibian Species of the World'' classifies the following 31 species in ''Xenophrys'': * '' Xenophrys aceras'' (Boulenger, 1903) — Perak horned toad * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scutiger (frog)
''Scutiger'' is a genus of toads in the family Megophryidae. Common name lazy toads has been coined for them. They occur in China, Burma, Nepal, and northern India in high-altitude habitats. Most are endemic to China. Evolution A 2017 molecular phylogenetic study found that ''Scutiger'' originated in Paleo-Tibet during the Oligocene. Species The following species are recognised in the genus ''Scutiger'': * '' Scutiger adungensis'' Dubois, 1979 – Adung lazy toad * '' Scutiger bhutanensis'' Delorme and Dubois, 2001 * '' Scutiger boulengeri'' (Bedriaga, 1898) – Boulenger's lazy toad, Xizang alpine toad, Himalayan stream frog * '' Scutiger brevipes'' (Liu, 1950) * '' Scutiger chintingensis'' Liu and Hu, 1960 – Chinting lazy toad, Chinting alpine toad * '' Scutiger ghunsa'' Khatiwada, Shu, Subedi, Wang, Ohler, Cannatella, Xie, and Jiang, 2019 – Ghunsa high altitude toad * '' Scutiger glandulatus'' (Liu, 1950) – Hopachai lazy toad, chest gland cat-eyed t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oreolalax
''Oreolalax'' is a genus of amphibian in the family Megophryidae. They are mostly endemic to southwestern China, with one species in northern Vietnam ('' Oreolalax sterlingae''), and possibly extending into adjacent Laos. There is also a population in Arunachal Pradesh (Northeast India) that has not yet been assigned to a species, although it might rather be a '' Scutiger''. Species The genus contains the following 19 species: Endemic ranges Many ''Oreolalax'' species are endemic to highly restricted geographical areas in the Eastern Himalayas, especially in Sichuan, China. The ranges often overlap with those of '' Scutiger'' species. *Yunnan, China ** ''Oreolalax granulosus'': Ailao Mountains, Jingdong County, Yunnan ** ''Oreolalax jingdongensis'': Ailao Mountains, Jingdong County, Yunnan *Sichuan, China ** '' Oreolalax nanjiangensis'': Mount Guangwu (光雾山), Nanjiang County, Sichuan ** '' Oreolalax chuanbeiensis'': Pingwu County and Mao County, Sichuan ** ''Oreolalax ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ophryophryne
''Ophryophryne'' is a genus of amphibian in the family Megophryidae from Southeast Asia. They are sometimes known as mountain toads. Species The genus contains the following six species: * '' Ophrophryne elfina'' * ''Ophryophryne gerti'' Ohler, 2003 * ''Ophryophryne hansi'' Ohler, 2003 * ''Ophryophryne microstoma'' Boulenger, 1903 * ''Ophryophryne pachyproctus'' Kou, 1985 * ''Ophryophryne synoria ''Ophryophryne synoria'' is a species of frog in the family Megophryidae. It is only known from its type locality in eastern Cambodia (Keo Seima Wildlife Sanctuary, Mondulkiri Province) and from southern Vietnam ( Bình Phước and Đồng Na ...'' Stuart, Sok, and Neang, 2006 References Amphibians of Asia Amphibian genera Taxa named by George Albert Boulenger Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Megophryidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megophrys Nasuta
The long-nosed horned frog (''Pelobatrachus nasutus''), also known as the Malayan horned frog or Malayan leaf frog is a species of frog restricted to the rainforest areas of southern Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia to Singapore, Sumatra, and Borneo. However, records from Thailand to the Sunda Shelf may apply to another, possibly unnamed species. Taxonomy Formerly placed in the genus ''Megophrys'', it was reclassified into the genus '' Pelobatrachus'' in 2021. Description This species is a large frog ranging from 100–120 mm in length. They are light to dark brown on the dorsal surface with varying patterns and camouflage very well with the forest floor. The throat is black-dark brown and diffuses into cream-yellow halfway along the ventral surface. The upper eyelids and snout are drawn out into long triangular projections, forming what looks like "horns", giving them their common name. There are two pairs of dorsolateral skin folds running down this species back. One pai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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