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Parasemionotus
''Parasemionotus'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived in the Induan age (geology), age of the Early Triassic epoch in what is now Madagascar. It is the name giving genus of the family (taxonomy), family Parasemionotidae and the order (taxonomy), order Parasemionotiformes. This clade includes, among others, the genera ''Albertonia'', ''Candelarialepis'', ''Jacobulus'', ''Lehmanotus'', ''Qingshania'', ''Stensioonotus, Stensioenotus'', ''Suius'', ''Thomasinotus'', ''Watsonulus'', and possibly additional genera like ''Promecosomina''. Parasemionotiforms had a global distribution during the Early Triassic. Species of this family are found in Greenland, Madagascar, Canada, India, China, United States, and possibly Australia. The type species ''Parasemionotus labordei'' was first described under the name ''Semionotus labordei'' by Ferdinand Priem. Jean Piveteau later erected the new genus name ''Parasemionotus'' for this species. It is not closely related with ''Semi ...
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Parasemionotidae
Parasemionotiformes is an extinct order of neopterygian ray-finned fish that existed globally during the Triassic period. It comprises the families Parasemionotidae and Promecosominidae. Many of the included genera are monotypic and most species lived during the Early Triassic epoch.Romano et al. (2016): Marine Early Triassic Osteichthyes from Spiti, Indian Himalayas. Swiss Journal of Palaeontology 135: 275-294 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13358-015-0098-6 Parasemionotiforms were normally small to medium-sized fishes. They were predominantly marine. Evolutionary relationships Parasemionotiformes are neopterygians, which is the clade that encompasses the vast majority of living ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) and about half of all living species of vertebrates. Neopterygii are divided into Teleostei and Holostei. The latter represents a depauperate group today but used to be a diverse clade especially during the Mesozoic Era. The only surviving members of the Holostei are the gar ...
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Parasemionotiformes
Parasemionotiformes is an extinct order of neopterygian ray-finned fish that existed globally during the Triassic period. It comprises the families Parasemionotidae and Promecosominidae. Many of the included genera are monotypic and most species lived during the Early Triassic epoch.Romano et al. (2016): Marine Early Triassic Osteichthyes from Spiti, Indian Himalayas. Swiss Journal of Palaeontology 135: 275-294 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13358-015-0098-6 Parasemionotiforms were normally small to medium-sized fishes. They were predominantly marine. Evolutionary relationships Parasemionotiformes are neopterygians, which is the clade that encompasses the vast majority of living ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) and about half of all living species of vertebrates. Neopterygii are divided into Teleostei and Holostei. The latter represents a depauperate group today but used to be a diverse clade especially during the Mesozoic Era. The only surviving members of the Holostei are the g ...
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Induan
The Induan is the first age of the Early Triassic epoch in the geologic timescale, or the lowest stage of the Lower Triassic series in chronostratigraphy. It spans the time between 251.902 Ma and Ma (million years ago). The Induan is sometimes divided into the Griesbachian and the Dienerian subages or substages. The Induan is preceded by the Changhsingian (latest Permian) and is followed by the Olenekian. The Induan is roughly coeval with the regional Feixianguanian Stage of China. Geology Stratigraphy The Triassic is the first period of the Mesozoic era. It is subdivided into the Lower, Middle, and Upper Triassic series, which are further subdivided into stages. The Induan is the first stage of the Lower Triassic, from 251.9 million to 251.2 million years ago, spanning the first 700,000 years after the Permian–Triassic extinction event. Stages can be defined globally or regionally. For global stratigraphic correlation, the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) r ...
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Watsonulus
''Watsonulus'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish that lived during the Early Triassic epoch in what is now Madagascar. It may have also existed in what is now Himachal Pradesh, India, during the Induan age (Early Triassic).Romano et al. (2016): Marine Early Triassic Osteichthyes from Spiti, Indian Himalayas. Swiss Journal of Palaeontology 135: 275-294 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13358-015-0098-6 The type species, described by Jean Piveteau, is ''Watsonia eugnathoides''. Because "''Watsonia''" was preoccupied, the new genus name ''Watsonulus'' was later erected. Classification ''Watsonulus'' belongs to Parasemionotidae, a family of early neopterygians closely related with halecomorphs. Other members of Parasemionotidae include '' Albertonia'', ''Candelarialepis'', '' Icarealcyon'', '' Jacobulus'', '' Lehmanotus'', ''Parasemionotus'', '' Qingshania'', '' Stensioenotus'', '' Suius'', and '' Thomasinotus''. Similar to ''Albertonia'' (Early Triassic of Canada) and ' ...
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Lehmanotus
''Lehmanotus'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the Early Triassic epoch in what is now Madagascar. It belongs to Parasemionotidae together with '' Albertonia'', ''Candelarialepis'', '' Jacobulus'', ''Parasemionotus'', '' Qingshania'', '' Stensioenotus'', '' Suius'', '' Thomasinotus'' and ''Watsonulus''. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations * List College Albert A. List College of Jewish Studies, known simply as List College, is the undergraduate school of the J ... References Parasemionotiformes Early Triassic fish Prehistoric animals of Madagascar Prehistoric ray-finned fish genera {{paleo-rayfinned-fish-stub ...
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Jacobulus
''Jacobulus'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish that lived during the Early Triassic epoch in what is now northern Madagascar 252.3 to 251.3 million years ago. The type species is ''Jacobulus novus'' (monotypy). It was a small fish less than in length. J. novus ecology was a grazer-detritivore. It belongs to the Parasemionotidae together with '' Albertonia'', ''Candelarialepis'', '' Icarealcyon'', ''Lehmanotus'', ''Parasemionotus'', '' Qingshania'', '' Stensioenotus'', '' Suius'', '' Thomasinotus'', and ''Watsonulus''. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations * List College Albert A. List College of Jewish Studies, known simply as List College, is the undergraduate school of the J ... References Parasemionotiformes Early Triassic fish Prehistoric animals of Madagascar Prehistoric ray-finned fish genera ...
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Thomasinotus
''Thomasinotus'' is an extinct genus of small prehistoric ray-finned fish that lived in the Induan age of the Early Triassic epoch in what is now Madagascar. It belongs to the early neopterygian family Parasemionotidae together with '' Albertonia'', ''Candelarialepis'', '' Icarealcyon'', ''Jacobulus'', ''Lehmanotus'', ''Parasemionotus'', '' Qingshania'', '' Stensioenotus'', '' Suius'', and ''Watsonulus''. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations * List College Albert A. List College of Jewish Studies, known simply as List College, is the undergraduate school of the J ... References Parasemionotiformes Early Triassic fish Prehistoric animals of Madagascar Fossil taxa described in 1952 Prehistoric ray-finned fish genera {{triassic-fish-stub ...
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Stensioonotus
''Stensionotus'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the Early Triassic epoch in what is now Madagascar and China. It belongs to Parasemionotidae together with '' Albertonia'', ''Candelarialepis'', ''Jacobulus'', ''Lehmanotus'', ''Parasemionotus'', '' Qingshania'', '' Suius'', ''Thomasinotus'' and ''Watsonulus''. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations * List College Albert A. List College of Jewish Studies, known simply as List College, is the undergraduate school of the J ... References Parasemionotiformes Early Triassic fish Prehistoric animals of China Prehistoric animals of Madagascar Prehistoric ray-finned fish genera {{triassic-fish-stub ...
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China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land, the most of any country in the world, tied with Russia. Covering an area of approximately , it is the world's third largest country by total land area. The country consists of 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two Special Administrative Regions (Hong Kong and Macau). The national capital is Beijing, and the most populous city and financial center is Shanghai. Modern Chinese trace their origins to a cradle of civilization in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. The semi-legendary Xia dynasty in the 21st century BCE and the well-attested Shang and Zhou dynasties developed a bureaucratic political system to serve hereditary monarchies, or dyna ...
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United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territories, nine Minor Outlying Islands, and 326 Indian reservations. The United States is also in free association with three Pacific Island sovereign states: the Federated States of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau. It is the world's third-largest country by both land and total area. It shares land borders with Canada to its north and with Mexico to its south and has maritime borders with the Bahamas, Cuba, Russia, and other nations. With a population of over 333 million, it is the most populous country in the Americas and the third most populous in the world. The national capital of the United States is Washington, D.C. and its most populous city and principal financial center is New York City. Paleo-Americ ...
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Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, smaller islands. With an area of , Australia is the largest country by area in Oceania and the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, sixth-largest country. Australia is the oldest, flattest, and driest inhabited continent, with the least fertile soils. It is a Megadiverse countries, megadiverse country, and its size gives it a wide variety of landscapes and climates, with Deserts of Australia, deserts in the centre, tropical Forests of Australia, rainforests in the north-east, and List of mountains in Australia, mountain ranges in the south-east. The ancestors of Aboriginal Australians began arriving from south east Asia approximately Early human migrations#Nearby Oceania, 65,000 years ago, during the Last Glacial Period, last i ...
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Canada
Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by total area. Its southern and western border with the United States, stretching , is the world's longest binational land border. Canada's capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. Indigenous peoples have continuously inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years. Beginning in the 16th century, British and French expeditions explored and later settled along the Atlantic coast. As a consequence of various armed conflicts, France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces an ...
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