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Paracobitis Smithi
''Eidinemacheilus smithi'', also known as the Zagroz blind loach, is a species of loach in the family Nemacheilidae. This cavefish is endemic to an aquifer in the Karun River drainage in the Zagros Mountains of Iran.Segherloo, I.H., Ghaedrahmati, N. & Freyhof, J. (2021 ): ''Eidinemacheilus'', a new generic name for ''Noemacheilus smithi'' Greenwood (Teleostei; Nemacheilidae). ''Zootaxa, 4147 (4): 466-476.'' It is named after British explorer Anthony Smith, who collected the type specimens. There are three other known cavefish species in Iran: ''Garra lorestanensis ''Garra lorestanensis'' is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus ''Garra'' Known from the Loven Cave, the natural outlet of a subterranean limestone system of the Zagros Mountains in the Ab-e Sirum or Ab-e Serum Valley near Tang-e Haft railw ...'', '' G. tashanensis'' and '' G. typhlops''. References Cave fish Nemacheilidae Fauna of Iran Fish described in 1976 Endemic fauna of Iran Taxonomy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Humphry Greenwood
Peter Humphry Greenwood FRS FIBiol (21 April 1927 – 3 March 1995) was an English ichthyologist. Humphry married fellow student Marjorie George (1924 – 2006) in 1950. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1985. He was known for his work on the species flocks of cichlids in the African Great Lakes, and for studies of the phylogeny and systematics of teleosts. Tribute The cichlid fish '' Diplotaxodon greenwoodi'' is named for him. Also '' Brachyaetoides greenwoodi'' Bonde, 2008 is named for him. As is '' Enteromius greenwoodi'' (Poll Poll, polled, or polling may refer to: Figurative head counts * Poll, a formal election ** Election verification exit poll, a survey taken to verify election counts ** Polling, voting to make decisions or determine opinions ** Polling places o ... 1967). See also * :Taxa named by Humphry Greenwood References External links * 1927 births 1995 deaths Fellows of the Royal Society English ichthyologists 20th-century ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmenistan to the north, by Afghanistan and Pakistan to the east, and by the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south. It covers an area of , making it the 17th-largest country. Iran has a population of 86 million, making it the 17th-most populous country in the world, and the second-largest in the Middle East. Its largest cities, in descending order, are the capital Tehran, Mashhad, Isfahan, Karaj, Shiraz, and Tabriz. The country is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BC. It was first unified by the Medes, an ancient Iranian people, in the seventh century BC, and reached its territorial height in the sixth century BC, when Cyrus the Great fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fish Described In 1976
Fish are aquatic, craniate, gill-bearing animals that lack limbs with digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish as well as various extinct related groups. Approximately 95% of living fish species are ray-finned fish, belonging to the class Actinopterygii, with around 99% of those being teleosts. The earliest organisms that can be classified as fish were soft-bodied chordates that first appeared during the Cambrian period. Although they lacked a true spine, they possessed notochords which allowed them to be more agile than their invertebrate counterparts. Fish would continue to evolve through the Paleozoic era, diversifying into a wide variety of forms. Many fish of the Paleozoic developed external armor that protected them from predators. The first fish with jaws appeared in the Silurian period, after which many (such as sharks) became formidable marine predators rather than just the prey of arthropods ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fauna Of Iran
The wildlife of Iran include the fauna and flora of Iran. One of the most famous wildlife of Iran is the critically endangered Asiatic cheetah (''Acinonyx jubatus venaticus''), which today survives only in Iran. History The wildlife of Iran first been partly described by Hamdallah Mustawfi in the 14th century who only referred to animals. In the 18th and 19th centuries, Samuel Gottlieb Gmelin and Édouard Ménétries explored the Caspian Sea area and the Talysh Mountains to document Caspian fauna. Several naturalists followed in the 19th century, including Filippo de Filippi, William Thomas Blanford, and Nikolai Zarudny who documented mammal, bird, reptile, amphibian and fish species. Flora More than one-tenth of the country is forested. The most extensive growths are found on the mountain slopes rising from the Caspian Sea, with stands of oak, ash, elm, cypress, and other valuable trees. On the plateau proper, areas of scrub oak appear on the best-watered mountain slopes, and vi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cave Fish
Cavefish or cave fish is a generic term for fresh and brackish water fish adapted to life in caves and other underground habitats. Related terms are subterranean fish, troglomorphic fish, troglobitic fish, stygobitic fish, phreatic fish and hypogean fish.Romero, Aldemaro, editor (2001). ''The Biology of Hypogean Fishes.'' Developments in Environmental Biology of Fishes. Helfman, G.S. (2007). ''Fish Conservation: A Guide to Understanding and Restoring Global Aquatic Biodiversity and Fishery Resources'', pp. 41–42. Island Press. There are more than 200 scientifically described species of obligate cavefish found on all continents, except Antarctica. Although widespread as a group, many cavefish species have very small ranges and are seriously threatened.Fenolio, D.B.; Zhao, Y.; Niemiller, M.L.; and Stout, J. (2013). ''In-situ observations of seven enigmatic cave loaches and one cave barbel from Guangxi, China, with notes on conservation status.'' Speleobiology Notes 5: 19-33.Proud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garra Typhlops
''Garra typhlops'', also known as the Iran cave barb is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to caves in Iran. Like other cave-adapted fish, it is blind and lacks pigmentation. Three other cave-adapted fish species are known from Iran: '' Garra lorestanensis'', '' G. tashanensis'' and the Zagroz blind loach (''Eidinemacheilus smithi''). In the general region there are three additional cavefish species, all Iraqi cypriniforms: ''Eidinemacheilus proudlovei'', ''Caecocypris basimi'', ''Typhlogarra widdowsoni ''Typhlogarra widdowsoni'' or ''Garra widdowsoni'', the Iraq blind barb or Haditha cave garra, is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to underground water systems near Haditha in Iraq. Although traditionally placed in its own genus ''Typhlogarra' ...''. References Garra Cave fish Cyprinid fish of Asia Fish described in 1944 Taxa named by Anton Frederik Bruun Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Garra-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garra Tashanensis
''Garra tashanensis'' is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus ''Garra''. This cavefish is endemic to the Tashan Cave located in the Tashan region of Khuzestan Province, Iran. Description ''Garra tashanensis'' lacks pigment and eyes Eyes are organs of the visual system. They provide living organisms with vision, the ability to receive and process visual detail, as well as enabling several photo response functions that are independent of vision. Eyes detect light and conve ..., its anterior body has few scales. Etymology The species ''tashanensis'' is named after Tashan region, where the Tashan Cave is located. References Cave fish Garra Taxa named by Hamed Mousavi-Sabet Taxa named by Saber Vatandoust Taxa named by Yaser Fatemi Taxa named by Soheil Eagderi Fish described in 2016 {{Garra-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garra Lorestanensis
''Garra lorestanensis'' is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus ''Garra'' Known from the Loven Cave, the natural outlet of a subterranean limestone system of the Zagros Mountains in the Ab-e Sirum or Ab-e Serum Valley near Tang-e Haft railway station, the Tigris River drainage, the Persian Gulf Basin, Lorestan Province, southwestern Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni .... Etymology The species name ''lorestanensis'', treated as an adjective, is derived from Lorestan Province, where the Loven cave is located. References Garra Taxa named by Hamed Mousavi-Sabet Taxa named by Soheil Eagderi Fish described in 2016 {{Garra-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anthony Smith (explorer)
Anthony John Francis Smith (30 March 1926 – 7 July 2014) was, among other things, a writer, sailor, balloonist and former ''Tomorrow's World'' television presenter. He was perhaps best known for his bestselling work ''The Body'' (originally published in 1968 and later renamed ''The Human Body''), which has sold over 800,000 copies worldwide and tied in with a BBC television series, ''The Human Body'', known in America by the name '' Intimate Universe: The Human Body''. The series aired in 1998 and was presented by Professor Robert Winston. Life and work Smith read zoology at Balliol College, Oxford, became a pilot in the RAF and went on to write as a science correspondent for ''The Daily Telegraph''. He also worked extensively in both television and radio, writing for several natural history programmes. Smith's first expedition was to Persia, exploring the Qanat underground irrigation tunnels. This expedition was documented in his book ''Blind White Fish in Persia''; a speci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zagros Mountains
The Zagros Mountains ( ar, جبال زاغروس, translit=Jibal Zaghrus; fa, کوههای زاگرس, Kuh hā-ye Zāgros; ku, چیاکانی زاگرۆس, translit=Çiyakani Zagros; Turkish: ''Zagros Dağları''; Luri: ''Kuh hā-ye Zāgros'' ''کویا زاگرس'') are a long mountain range in Iran, northern Iraq, and southeastern Turkey. This mountain range has a total length of . The Zagros mountain range begins in northwestern Iran and roughly follows Iran's western border while covering much of southeastern Turkey and northeastern Iraq. From this border region, the range continues to the southeast under also the waters of the Persian Gulf. It spans the southern parts of the Armenian highland, the whole length of the western and southwestern Iranian plateau, ending at the Strait of Hormuz. The highest point is Mount Dena, at . Geology The Zagros fold and thrust belt was mainly formed by the collision of two tectonic plates, the Eurasian Plate and the Arabian Plat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. However, only about 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a two-part name, a "binomial". The first part of a binomial is the genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name or the specific epithet (in botanical nomenclature, also sometimes i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karun River
The Karun ( fa, کارون, ) is the Iranian river with the highest water flow, and its only navigable river. It is long. It rises in the Zard Kuh mountains of the Bakhtiari district in the Zagros Range, receiving many tributaries, such as the Dez and the Kuhrang, before passing through the capital of the Khuzestan Province of Iran, the city of Ahvaz before emptying to its mouth into Arvand Rud (Shatt al-Arab). The Karun continues toward the Persian Gulf, forking into two primary branches on its delta – the Bahmanshir and the Haffar – that join the Arvand Rud, emptying into the Persian Gulf. The important Island of Abadan is located between these two branches of the Karun. The port city of Khorramshahr is divided from the Island of Abadan by the Haffar branch. Juris Zarins and other scholars have identified the Karun as one of the four rivers of Eden, the others being the Tigris, the Euphrates, and either the Wadi Al-Batin or the Karkheh. Name In early classical ti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
