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Garra Typhlops
''Garra typhlops'', also known as the Iran cave barb is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to caves in Iran. Like other cave-adapted fish, it is blind and lacks pigmentation. Three other cave-adapted fish species are known from Iran: '' Garra lorestanensis'', '' G. tashanensis'' and the Zagroz blind loach (''Eidinemacheilus smithi''). In the general region there are three additional cavefish species, all Iraqi cypriniforms: ''Eidinemacheilus proudlovei'', ''Caecocypris basimi'', ''Typhlogarra widdowsoni ''Typhlogarra widdowsoni'' or ''Garra widdowsoni'', the Iraq blind barb or Haditha cave garra, is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to underground water systems near Haditha in Iraq. Although traditionally placed in its own genus ''Typhlogarra' ...''. References Garra Cave fish Cyprinid fish of Asia Fish described in 1944 Taxa named by Anton Frederik Bruun Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Garra-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anton Frederik Bruun
Anton Frederik Bruun (14 December 1901 – 13 December 1961) was a Danish oceanographer and ichthyologist. Educated at University of Copenhagen (1926) and employed at the Danish Commission for Marine Research (Kommissionen for Danmarks Fiskeri- og Havundersøgelser), where he participated in the third Dana expedition (1928-1930). From 1938 employed at the Zoological Museum of Copenhagen University. In 1945-46 scientific leader of the Atlantide expedition along the coast of West Africa and in 1950-1952 scientific leader of the Galathea deep-sea expedition, which circumnavigated the world. He became the first president of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, under UNESCO and was a leading figure in establishing international organisations for the exploration of the seas. The R/V ''Anton Bruun'' (former US presidential yacht ) was named after him, as was the underwater bioacoustic research facility " Station Oceanographique Anton Bruun", in Strib, Denmark ) , ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iraq
Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq border, the east, the Persian Gulf and Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to Iraq–Jordan border, the southwest and Syria to Iraq–Syria border, the west. The Capital city, capital and largest city is Baghdad. Iraq is home to diverse ethnic groups including Iraqi Arabs, Kurds, Iraqi Turkmen, Turkmens, Assyrian people, Assyrians, Armenians in Iraq, Armenians, Yazidis, Mandaeans, Iranians in Iraq, Persians and Shabaks, Shabakis with similarly diverse Geography of Iraq, geography and Wildlife of Iraq, wildlife. The vast majority of the country's 44 million residents are Muslims – the notable other faiths are Christianity in Iraq, Christianity, Yazidism, Mandaeism, Yarsanism and Zoroastrianism. The official langu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fish Described In 1944
Fish are aquatic, craniate, gill-bearing animals that lack limbs with digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish as well as various extinct related groups. Approximately 95% of living fish species are ray-finned fish, belonging to the class Actinopterygii, with around 99% of those being teleosts. The earliest organisms that can be classified as fish were soft-bodied chordates that first appeared during the Cambrian period. Although they lacked a true spine, they possessed notochords which allowed them to be more agile than their invertebrate counterparts. Fish would continue to evolve through the Paleozoic era, diversifying into a wide variety of forms. Many fish of the Paleozoic developed external armor that protected them from predators. The first fish with jaws appeared in the Silurian period, after which many (such as sharks) became formidable marine predators rather than just the prey of arthropods. Most fis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyprinid Fish Of Asia
Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true minnows, and relatives like the barbs and barbels. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family and the largest vertebrate animal family in general with about 3,000 species, of which only 1,270 remain extant, divided into about 370 genera. Cyprinids range from about 12 mm in size to the giant barb (''Catlocarpio siamensis''). By genus and species count, the family makes up more than two-thirds of the ostariophysian order Cypriniformes. The family name is derived from the Greek word ( 'carp'). Biology and ecology Cyprinids are stomachless fish with toothless jaws. Even so, food can be effectively chewed by the gill rakers of the specialized last gill bow. These pharyngeal teeth allow the fish to make chewing motions against a chewing plate formed by a bony process of the skull. The pharyngeal teeth are unique to each species and are used by scie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cave Fish
Cavefish or cave fish is a generic term for fresh and brackish water fish adapted to life in caves and other underground habitats. Related terms are subterranean fish, troglomorphic fish, troglobitic fish, stygobitic fish, phreatic fish and hypogean fish.Romero, Aldemaro, editor (2001). ''The Biology of Hypogean Fishes.'' Developments in Environmental Biology of Fishes. Helfman, G.S. (2007). ''Fish Conservation: A Guide to Understanding and Restoring Global Aquatic Biodiversity and Fishery Resources'', pp. 41–42. Island Press. There are more than 200 scientifically described species of obligate cavefish found on all continents, except Antarctica. Although widespread as a group, many cavefish species have very small ranges and are seriously threatened.Fenolio, D.B.; Zhao, Y.; Niemiller, M.L.; and Stout, J. (2013). ''In-situ observations of seven enigmatic cave loaches and one cave barbel from Guangxi, China, with notes on conservation status.'' Speleobiology Notes 5: 19-33.Proud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garra
''Garra'' is a genus of fish in the family Cyprinidae. These fish are one example of the "log suckers", sucker-mouthed barbs and other cyprinids commonly kept in aquaria to keep down algae. The doctor fish of Anatolia and the Middle East belongs in this genus. The majority of the more than 140 species of garras are native to Asia, but about one-fifth of the species are from Africa (East, Middle and West, but by far the highest species richness in Ethiopia). The genus was established by Francis Buchanan-Hamilton in 1822 as a subgenus of ''Cyprinus'' (which at that time was a " wastebin, basket genus" for carp-like cyprinids); though it didn't lead to an act of him to designate a type species by the time. However, as no other garras except the newly discovered '' G. lamta'' were known to science in 1822, this was designated as the type species by Pieter Bleeker in 1863. The garras and their closest relatives are sometimes placed in a subfamily Garrinae, but this seems hardly wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Typhlogarra Widdowsoni
''Typhlogarra widdowsoni'' or ''Garra widdowsoni'', the Iraq blind barb or Haditha cave garra, is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to underground water systems near Haditha in Iraq. Although traditionally placed in its own genus ''Typhlogarra'', this is not supported by genetic evidence, leading to its move to ''Garra''. This cavefish is considered critically endangered because of water extraction, which has lowered the groundwater level. Once abundant, a survey in 2012 found that it now was very rare. Another species from the same place, ''Caecocypris basimi'', may already be extinct. The only other known cavefish in Iraq is ''Eidinemacheilus ''Eidinemacheilus'' is a genus of troglobitic fish in the family Nemacheilidae endemic to Iran and Iraqi Kurdistan. Species There are currently 2 recognized species in this genus: * '' Eidinemacheilus proudlovei'' Freyhof, Abdullah, Ararat, Ib ... proudlovei''.Freyhof, J.; Abdullah, Y.S.; Ararat, K.; Ibrahim, H.; & Geiger, M.F. (20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caecocypris Basimi
''Caecocypris basimi'', the Haditha cavefish, is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to Iraq, only occurring in aquifers near Haditha. This cavefish is the only member of its genus. The species is classed as Critically endangered, possibly extinct, by the IUCN, as there have been no records since 1983 despite a comprehensive survey in 2012. The primary threat is water extraction, which has lowered the groundwater level. The cavefish ''Typhlogarra widdowsoni'' is found in the same place and it has also drastically declined, but it is not as rare as ''Caecocypris basimi''. The only other known cavefish in Iraq is ''Eidinemacheilus proudlovei''. The holotype of ''Caecocypris basimi'', collected by Dr. Basim M Al Azzawi in 1977, is deposited at the British Museum of Natural History and other specimens are at the Australian Museum The Australian Museum is a heritage-listed museum at 1 William Street, Sydney central business district, New South Wales, Australia. It is the olde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eidinemacheilus
''Eidinemacheilus'' is a genus of troglobitic fish in the family Nemacheilidae endemic to Iran and Iraqi Kurdistan. Species There are currently 2 recognized species in this genus: * '' Eidinemacheilus proudlovei'' Freyhof, Abdullah, Ararat, Ibrahim Ibrahim ( ar, إبراهيم, links=no ') is the Arabic name for Abraham, a Biblical patriarch and prophet in Islam. For the Islamic view of Ibrahim, see Abraham in Islam. Ibrahim may also refer to: * Ibrahim (name), a name (and list of people ... & Geiger, 2016Freyhof, J., Abdullah, Y.S., Ararat, K., Ibrahim, H. & Geiger, M.F. (2016): ''Eidinemacheilus proudlovei'', a new subterranean loach from Iraqi Kurdistan (Teleostei; Nemacheilidae). ''Zootaxa, 4173 (3): 225-236.'' * '' Eidinemacheilus smithi'' ( Greenwood, 1976) (Zagroz blind loach) References Cave fish Nemacheilidae Fauna of Iran Fauna of Iraq {{Nemacheilidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zagroz Blind Loach
''Eidinemacheilus smithi'', also known as the Zagroz blind loach, is a species of loach in the family Nemacheilidae. This cavefish is endemic to an aquifer in the Karun River drainage in the Zagros Mountains of Iran.Segherloo, I.H., Ghaedrahmati, N. & Freyhof, J. (2021 ): ''Eidinemacheilus'', a new generic name for ''Noemacheilus smithi'' Greenwood (Teleostei; Nemacheilidae). ''Zootaxa, 4147 (4): 466-476.'' It is named after British explorer Anthony Smith, who collected the type specimens. There are three other known cavefish species in Iran: ''Garra lorestanensis ''Garra lorestanensis'' is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus ''Garra'' Known from the Loven Cave, the natural outlet of a subterranean limestone system of the Zagros Mountains in the Ab-e Sirum or Ab-e Serum Valley near Tang-e Haft railw ...'', '' G. tashanensis'' and '' G. typhlops''. References Cave fish Nemacheilidae Fauna of Iran Fish described in 1976 Endemic fauna of Iran Taxonomy articles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ray-finned Fish
Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fishes, is a class of bony fish. They comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species. The ray-finned fishes are so called because their fins are webs of skin supported by bony or horny spines (rays), as opposed to the fleshy, lobed fins that characterize the class Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish). These actinopterygian fin rays attach directly to the proximal or basal skeletal elements, the radials, which represent the link or connection between these fins and the internal skeleton (e.g., pelvic and pectoral girdles). By species count, actinopterygians dominate the vertebrates, and they constitute nearly 99% of the over 30,000 species of fish. They are ubiquitous throughout freshwater and marine environments from the deep sea to the highest mountain streams. Extant species can range in size from ''Paedocypris'', at , to the massive ocean sunfish, at , and the long-bodied oarfish, at . The vast majority of Actinoptery ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garra Tashanensis
''Garra tashanensis'' is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus ''Garra''. This cavefish is endemic to the Tashan Cave located in the Tashan region of Khuzestan Province, Iran. Description ''Garra tashanensis'' lacks pigment and eyes Eyes are organs of the visual system. They provide living organisms with vision, the ability to receive and process visual detail, as well as enabling several photo response functions that are independent of vision. Eyes detect light and conve ..., its anterior body has few scales. Etymology The species ''tashanensis'' is named after Tashan region, where the Tashan Cave is located. References Cave fish Garra Taxa named by Hamed Mousavi-Sabet Taxa named by Saber Vatandoust Taxa named by Yaser Fatemi Taxa named by Soheil Eagderi Fish described in 2016 {{Garra-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
