|
Pandion I
In Greek mythology, Pandion I (; Ancient Greek: Πανδίων) was a legendary King of Athens, the son and heir to Erichthonius of Athens and his wife, the naiad Praxithea. Through his father, he was the grandson of the god Hephaestus. Family Pandion married a naiad, Zeuxippe, and they had two sons Erechtheus and Butes, and two daughters Procne and Philomela. In some accounts, he was also called the father of Teuthras, father of Thespius, and of Cephalus, lover of Eos (Dawn). Mythology Pandion I was the fifth king of Athens in the traditional line of succession as given by the third century BC Parian Chronicle, the chronographer Castor of Rhodes (probably from the late third-century Eratosthenes) and the '' Bibliotheca''. He was preceded by Cecrops I, Cranaus, Amphictyon, and Erichthonius, and succeeded by Erechtheus, Cecrops II, and Pandion II. Castor makes Pandion I the son of Erichthonius (the earliest source for this) and says he ruled for 40 years (1437/6–1397/6 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek Mythology
A major branch of classical mythology, Greek mythology is the body of myths originally told by the Ancient Greece, ancient Greeks, and a genre of Ancient Greek folklore. These stories concern the Cosmogony, origin and Cosmology#Metaphysical cosmology, nature of the world, the lives and activities of List of Greek mythological figures, deities, Greek hero cult, heroes, and List of Greek mythological creatures, mythological creatures, and the origins and significance of the ancient Greeks' own cult (religious practice), cult and ritual practices. Modern scholars study the myths to shed light on the religious and political institutions of ancient Greece, and to better understand the nature of myth-making itself. The Greek myths were initially propagated in an oral tradition, oral-poetic tradition most likely by Minoan civilization, Minoan and Mycenaean Greece, Mycenaean singers starting in the 18th century BC; eventually the myths of the heroes of the Trojan War and its after ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teuthras (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Teuthras (Ancient Greek: Τεύθρας, gen. Τεύθραντος) may refer to two different figures: * Teuthras, an Athenian prince as son of King Pandion and possibly the naiad Zeuxippe, thus can be considered the brother of Erechtheus, Butes, Philomela and Procne. He was called the father King Thespius of Thespiae. He was said to be the founder of Teuthrone, a town in Laconia. * Teuthras, the king of Teuthrania and the adopted father of Telephus.Apollodorus2.7.4/ref> Notes References * Apollodorus, ''The Library'' with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. ISBN 0-674-99135-4Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pandion II
In Greek mythology, Pandion II ( or ; Ancient Greek: Πανδίων) was a legendary King of Athens, the son and heir of King Cecrops II and his wife Metiadusa, daughter of Eupalamus. Family Pandion was the father of Aegeus, Pallas, Nisos, Lycus and the wife of Sciron by Pylia, daughter of King Pylas of Megara. Mythology Pandion II was the eighth king of Athens in the traditional line of succession as given by the third century BC Parian Chronicle, the chronographer Castor of Rhodes (probably from the late third-century Eratosthenes) and the '' Bibliotheca''. He was preceded by Cecrops I, Cranaus, Amphictyon, Erichthonius, Pandion I, Erechtheus, and Cecrops II, and succeeded by Aegeus and Theseus. Castor gives his reign as 25 years (1307/6–1282/1). Originally there may have been a single Pandion, and either Pandion I or Pandion II may have been a later invention in order to fill a gap in the mythical history of Athens. Pausanias calls this Pandion the father of Procne a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cecrops II
In Greek mythology, Cecrops II (; Ancient Greek: Κέκροψ, ''Kékrops''; ''gen''.: Κέκροπος) was the legendary or semi-legendary seventh king of Athens and in whose reign the deeds of Dionysus and Perseus occurred. Family Cecrops was the son of Pandion I, king of Athens and possibly the naiad Zeuxippe, and thus brother to Erechtheus, Butes, Procne, Philomela and Teuthras. In some accounts, his parents were identified to be King Erechtheus and the naiad Praxithea and thus he was brother to Pandorus, Metion, Protogeneia, Pandora, Procris, Creusa, Orithyia and Chthonia. His other possible siblings were Orneus, Thespius, Eupalamus,Diodorus Siculus4.76.1/ref> Sicyon and Merope. Cecrops married Metiadusa, daughter of Eupalamus (his brother or a son of MetionApollodorus3.15.5/ref>), by whom he became the father of his heir, Pandion II. Mythology After Poseidon having destroyed Erechtheus and his house during the war between Athens and Eleusis, Cecrops being the eldest o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphictyon
Amphictyon or Amphiktyon (; grc, Ἀμφικτύων), in Greek mythology, was a king of Thermopylae and later Athens. In one account, he was the ruler of Locris. Pseudo-Scymnos, ''Circuit de la terre'' 587 ff. Etymology The name of Amphictyon is a back-formation from ''Amphictyons'', plural, from Latin ''Amphictyones'', from Greek ''Amphiktyones, Amphiktiones'', literally, "neighbors" or "those dwelling around" from ''amphi- + -ktyones, -ktiones'' (from ''ktizein'' to found); akin to Sanskrit ''kṣeti'' he dwells, ''kṣiti'' abode, Avestan ''shitish'' dwelling, Armenian ''šen'' inhabited, cultivated. Family Amphictyon was the second son of Deucalion and Pyrrha, although there was also a tradition that he was autochthonous (born from the earth);Apollodorus, 3.14.6 he was also said to be a son of Hellen, his brother in the first account. Amphictyon's other (possible) siblings besides Hellen were Protogeneia, Thyia, Pandora II, Melantho (Melanthea) and Candybus. Amphict ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cranaus
In Greek mythology, Cranaus or Kranaos (;Ancient Greek: Κραναός) was the second King of Athens, succeeding Cecrops I. Family Cranaus married Pedias, a Spartan woman and daughter of Mynes, with whom he had three daughters: Cranaë, Cranaechme, and Atthis. Atthis gave her name to Attica after dying, possibly as a young girl,Apollodorus, 3.14.5; Pausanias, ''Graeciae Descriptio'' 1.2.6; Strabo, ''Geographica'' 9.1.18 although in other traditions she was the mother, by Hephaestus, of Erichthonius. Rarus was also given as a son of Cranaus. Reign Cranaus was supposed to have reigned for either nine or ten years and was an autochthonous (born from the earth), like his predecessor. During his reign the flood of the Deucalion story was thought to have occurred. In some accounts, Deucalion was said to have fled Lycorea to Athens with his sons Hellen and Amphictyon. Deucalion died shortly thereafter and was said to have been buried near Athens. Amphictyon is said to have married o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cecrops I
Cecrops (; grc, Κέκροψ, ''Kékrops''; ''gen''.: Κέκροπος) was a mythical king of Attica which derived from him its name Cecropia, having previously borne the name of Acte or Actice (from Actaeus). He was the founder and the first king of Athens itself though preceded in the region by the earth-born king Actaeus of Attica. Cecrops was a culture hero, teaching the Athenians marriage, reading and writing, and ceremonial burial. Etymology and form The name of Cecrops is not of Greek origin according to Strabo. It was said that he was born from the earth itself (an autochthon) and was accordingly called a γηγενής (''gēgenḗs'' "native"), and described as having his top half shaped like a man and the bottom half in serpent or fish-tail form. Hence he was called διφυής (''diphuḗs'', "of two natures"). Diodorus rationalized that his double form was because of his double citizenship, Greek and barbarian. Some ancients referred the epithet διφυής to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)
The ''Bibliotheca'' (Ancient Greek: grc, Βιβλιοθήκη, lit=Library, translit=Bibliothēkē, label=none), also known as the ''Bibliotheca'' of Pseudo-Apollodorus, is a compendium of Greek myths and heroic legends, arranged in three books, generally dated to the first or second century AD. The author was traditionally thought to be Apollodorus of Athens, but that attribution is now regarded as false, and so "Pseudo-" was added to Apollodorus. The ''Bibliotheca'' has been called "the most valuable mythographical work that has come down from ancient times." An epigram recorded by the important intellectual Patriarch Photius I of Constantinople expressed its purpose:Victim of its own suggestions, the epigraph, ironically, does not survive in the manuscripts. For the classic examples of epitomes and encyclopedias substituting in Christian hands for the literature of Classical Antiquity itself, see Isidore of Seville's ''Etymologiae'' and Martianus Capella. It has the follo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eratosthenes
Eratosthenes of Cyrene (; grc-gre, Ἐρατοσθένης ; – ) was a Greek polymath: a mathematician, geographer, poet, astronomer, and music theorist. He was a man of learning, becoming the chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria. His work is comparable to what is now known as the study of geography, and he introduced some of the terminology still used today. He is best known for being the first person known to calculate the circumference of the Earth, which he did by using the extensive survey results he could access in his role at the Library; his calculation was remarkably accurate. He was also the first to calculate Earth's axial tilt, which has also proved to have remarkable accuracy. He created the first global projection of the world, incorporating parallels and meridians based on the available geographic knowledge of his era. Eratosthenes was the founder of scientific chronology; he used Egyptian and Persian records to estimate the dates of the main ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Castor Of Rhodes
Castor of Rhodes ( el, Κάστωρ ὁ Ῥόδιος), also known as Castor of Massalia or Castor of Galatia according to the '' Suda'', or as Castor the Annalist, was a Greek grammarian and rhetorician. He was surnamed Philoromaeus (Φιλορώμαιος, meaning Lover of Rome) and is usually believed to have lived about the time of Cicero and Julius Caesar. Background Castor is frequently referred to as an authority in historical matters. A partiality to the Romans is suggested by the surname ''Philoromaeus'', and may have been evident in a work mentioned by Plutarch as comparing the institutions of Rome with those of Pythagoras. The ''Suda'' describes the grammarian and rhetorician Castor as a son-in-law of the Galatian king Deiotarus (whom it calls a Roman senator), who afterwards put both Castor and his wife to death because Castor had brought charges against him before Caesar, evidently alluding to the affair in which Cicero defended Deiotarus. This appears to be the same ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parian Chronicle
The Parian Chronicle or Parian Marble ( la, Marmor Parium, Mar. Par.) is a Greek chronology, covering the years from 1582 BC to 299 BC, inscribed on a stele. Found on the island of Paros in two sections, and sold in Smyrna in the early 17th century to an agent for Thomas Howard, Earl of Arundel, this inscription was deciphered by John Selden and published among the Arundel Marbles, ''Marmora Arundelliana'' (London 1628–9) nos. 1–14, 59–119. The first of the sections published by Selden has subsequently disappeared. A further third fragment of this inscription, comprising the base of the stele and containing the end of the text, was found on Paros in 1897. It has entries from 336/35 to 299/98 BC. The two known upper fragments, brought to London in 1627 and presented to Oxford University in 1667, include entries for the years 1582/81–355/54 BC. The surviving upper chronicle fragment currently resides in the Ashmolean Museum at Oxford. It combines dates for event ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Of Athens
Before the Athenian democracy, the tyrants, and the Archons, the city-state of Athens was ruled by kings. Most of these are probably mythical or only semi-historical. The following lists contain the chronological order of the title King of Athens (also prescribed earlier as kings of Attica), a semi-mythological title. Earliest kings These three kings were supposed to have ruled before the flood of Deucalion. Erechtheid dynasty The early Athenian tradition, followed by the 3rd century BC Parian Chronicle, made Cecrops, a mythical half-man half-serpent, the first king of Athens. The dates for the following kings were conjectured centuries later, by historians of the Hellenistic era who tried to backdate events by cross-referencing earlier sources such as the Parian Chronicle. Tradition says that King Menestheus took part in the Trojan War. The following list follows that of 1st Century BC Castor of Rhodes ( ''FGrHist'' 250), with Castor's dates given in modern terms. Melant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> Eratosthenes")
